KR20030003599A - Regeneration Method in Particulate Exhaust Reduction Device and Regeneration Device Using the Same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a regeneration method of reducing soot reduction apparatus and a regeneration apparatus using the same. The present invention includes an injector installed at a predetermined position on an exhaust flow path in which a smoke reduction device for collecting particulate matter generated in an engine is installed and injecting fuel into the exhaust flow path; An ignition means installed near the injector to form a flame using fuel injected from the injector and exhaust gas discharged from the engine; An inflammator which maintains the flame formed and smoothly maintains the distribution of the flow; And a pressure sensor installed on the exhaust flow path to measure pressure, and operating the injector and the ignition means based on the pressure in the exhaust flow path measured by the pressure sensor. Provided is a playback device for a device.

Description

Regeneration Method in Particulate Exhaust Reduction Device and Regeneration Device Using the Same}

The present invention relates to a smoke reduction device for suppressing air emissions of smoke particles generated in a diesel engine and other engines, and more particularly to regenerating a smoke reduction device by removing smoke collected in a smoke reduction device. A method and a playback apparatus using the same.

The present invention is a 'soot reduction method and a smoke reduction device using the method' patent application by the applicant (Patent application date: October 12, 1999, application number: 10-1999-0044185) and Particulate Filtering Method and Device Using the The present invention relates to a method of regenerating a smoke reduction device suitable for use in Same (PCT / KR01 / 00112, filed Jan. 26, 2001) and a regeneration device using the same.

At the present stage of increasing use of diesel engines, soot particles emitted from diesel engines are causing various environmental problems. In order to prevent the soot particles generated from the engine from being discharged into the atmosphere, there are many examples of a method of collecting and treating soot particles to be discharged to the outside by installing a soot reduction device in the exhaust passage.

The basic operation and operation of the smoke emission reduction device developed so far can be summarized as follows. The filter type reduction device is inserted into the exhaust channel to collect the soot particles. When the difference in pressure before and after the smoke reduction device becomes more than a predetermined value, the particulate matter collected in the filter is combusted by operating an electric heater or a combustor. Regeneration of the filter is the mainstream of the device.

US4264346 (Diesel Exhaust Particulate Filter), US4329162 (Diesel Particulate Trap) and US4662911 (Equipment for Trapping Particulates in Engine Exhaust Gas) are for ceramic honeycomb type filters for soot collection.

US4451441 (Method for Exhaust Gas Treatment) uses a two-stage ceramic filter for soot collection.

US3937015 (Pleated Filter in the Exhaust Manifold) relates to the use of cloth-type collectors for soot capture and to attaching the collectors close to the engine manifold for captured soot combustion.

US4054417 (Regenerative-Filter-Incinerator Device) relates to the installation of a heat exchanger and a separate combustion chamber for the removal of smoke trapped in the filter,

JP60104710A2 (Purifying Device for Exhaust of Diesel Engine) is for burner system to facilitate combustion of soot accumulated in filter,

US4912076 (Filter for Cleaning Exhaust hases of Diesel Engines) relates to the manufacture of ceramic powders and their sintering filters for lowering the regenerated combustion temperature of soot,

US4759918 (Process for the Reduction of the Ignition Temperature of Diesel Soot) relates to the production of a catalytic filter for lowering the regeneration temperature of the soot trapped in the filter.

US5497620 (Method of Filtering Particules from a flue gas, ..) is for the manufacture of porous metal filters using SiC to remove soot,

US4535589 (Exhaust Gas Cleaning Device for Internal Combustion Engine) is about collecting ceramic filters and burning the collected soot particles,

US4730455 (Process and System for the Regeneration of Particulate Filter Traps) relates to a smoke reduction device equipped with a burner system for the combustion of particulate matter collected in the filter,

US4359864 (Burn-Out Type Cleaning Means for Particulate Filter of Engine Exhaust System) relates to rotating an electrothermal heater for the combustion of collected soot,

US4167852 (Diesel Engine Exhaust Cleaner and Burner) is a system for redirecting flow for the combustion of trapped soot,

US4852349 (Arrangement for the Removal of Soot Particles from the Exhaust ...) relates to the provision of a small gap between electrodes for the collection and combustion of soot and the instant combustion of soot particles passing between them.

The trend of the regeneration method development of the soot emission reduction device by collecting and burning the soot particles developed so far is as follows.

First, it is classified into electric heater type, burner combustion type, catalytic type, plasma type burning type, etc. according to the combustion method of soot collected in the abatement device. In the case of burner combustion, in order to raise the temperature inside the filter to the temperature at which soot starts to burn, about 550 degrees Celsius or more, a burner is installed inside or outside the apparatus and a separate supply of high-pressure external air is selected. Doing. In addition, since the flow rate in the exhaust pipe during engine operation is very fast, several filters are used, and when regeneration, a bypass valve is used to regenerate one by one.

Therefore, the conventional regeneration method and apparatus of the smoke reduction device have a problem that the structure is enlarged and complicated, and thus the economy is inferior.

Second, since most of the filters are ceramic filter type surface filtration type filters, it is very important to control the temperature and the combustion rate inside the filter. If this fails, the filter durability is shortened.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a regeneration method and a regeneration device using the same, the structure is simple, efficient and stable operation.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for regenerating a smoke reduction device and a regeneration device using the same, which can improve durability of the smoke reduction device.

1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a method of regenerating a smoke reduction device according to the present invention and a first embodiment of the regeneration device using the same;

2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a method of regenerating a smoke reduction device according to the present invention and a second embodiment of the regeneration device using the same.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: exhaust passage 2: controller

3: engine 4: temperature sensor for exhaust pipe

5: Internal temperature sensor 6: Temperature sensor for outlet

7: flame base 8: injector

9: fuel supply line 10: fuel pump

11: air pump 12: ignition rod

13: high voltage transformer 14: valve

15: pressure sensor 16: soot reduction device body

17: GLOW PLUG 18: Power Supply

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes an injector which is installed at a predetermined position on the exhaust flow path is provided with a smoke reduction device for collecting the soot particles generated in the engine and injecting fuel into the exhaust flow path; An ignition means installed near the injector to form a flame using fuel injected from the injector and exhaust gas discharged from the engine; An inflammator which maintains the flame formed and smoothly maintains the distribution of the flow; And a pressure sensor installed on the exhaust flow path to measure pressure, wherein the injector and the ignition means are operated based on the pressure in the exhaust flow path measured by the pressure sensor. Provided is a playback device for a device.

In addition, it is preferable that the temperature sensor for the exhaust pipe, the temperature sensor for the exhaust port, and the internal temperature sensor are respectively installed before and after the smoke reduction device.

In addition, in order to prevent the soot particles from being deposited in the injection hole of the injector, it is preferable that an air pump is connected to the injector to supply high pressure air to the injector continuously or intermittently for a predetermined time.

On the other hand, the ignition means and the ignition rod for making a spark; It may be configured to include a high voltage transformer for supplying a high voltage to the ignition rod. At this time, in order to prevent the soot is deposited on the ignition rod does not cause ignition, it is preferable to periodically supply a high voltage to the ignition rod.

In addition, the ignition means and a glow plug; It may also comprise a power supply.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention includes the steps of measuring the pressure of the inlet side of the smoke reduction device; Injecting only fuel into the exhaust passage at high pressure when the measured pressure is equal to or greater than a predetermined pressure; Forming a flame by using the injected fuel and oxygen contained in the exhaust gas; It provides a method of regenerating the smoke reduction device comprising the step of maintaining the flame formed.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention that can specifically realize the above object will be described.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment to which the present invention is applied, and a method of regenerating a smoke reduction device and a reproducing apparatus using the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to the present invention.

On the exhaust flow path 1 through which the soot particles generated by the engine flow, a soot reduction apparatus main body 1 is provided. The soot reduction device is most preferably using a volume filter type already filed by the present applicant. Therefore, the content filed by the applicant described above is included in the content of the present specification.

On the other hand, a high-pressure fuel injection injector 8 is provided at a predetermined position between the engine of the exhaust passage 1 and the smoke reduction device, preferably at the inlet side of the smoke reduction device main body 1, and the fuel is supplied to the injector 8. A fuel pump 10 for supplying is connected. Unexplained reference numeral 8 is a fuel line 9 for delivering fuel to the fuel pump 10.

An ignition means for ignition of the fuel injected from the injector 8 and the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage 1 is provided near the injector 8. The ignition means comprises an ignition rod 12 causing sparks, and a high voltage transformer 13 for generating a high voltage on the ignition rod 12.

In addition, the exhaust passage is preferably provided with a swirler 7 for maintaining the flame generated near the ignition rod 12 and for smooth mixing and flow distribution of fuel and exhaust gas.

A valve 14 is installed between the injector 8 and the fuel pump 10, and an air pump 11 is preferably connected to the valve 14. The valve 14 preferably uses a three-way check valve to selectively supply fuel or air to the injector 8.

On the other hand, the pressure sensor 15 is installed on the exhaust flow path 1, the exhaust sensor temperature sensor 4 is installed in front of the smoke reduction device, the inside for measuring the temperature inside the main body of the exhaust emission reduction device The temperature sensor 5 is installed, and at the rear end, the temperature sensor 6 for the air outlet for measuring the temperature of the rear end of the exhaust emission reduction device main body 16 is provided. Here, it is preferable that the temperature sensors 4, 5 and 6 use a thermocouple.

In addition, the temperature sensors 4, 5, and 6 are electrically connected to the controller 2, and the controller 2 preferably receives various engine operation information such as engine rotation speed.

Therefore, the controller controls the operation of the regeneration device and the operating conditions based on the pressure, temperature, and engine operation information measured by the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor.

As described above, in the present invention, the exhaust gas discharged from the engine by injecting a high-pressure fuel directly into the exhaust pipe without supplying external air during regeneration in the smoke reduction device and using a separate bypass valve or the like. By using to maintain the flame to burn the collected soot to regenerate the smoke reduction device.

Figure 2 shows another embodiment of the regeneration device of the smoke reduction device according to the present invention, in the present embodiment, the glow plug 17 and the power supply instead of the ignition rod 12 and the high voltage transformer 13 as the ignition means The apparatus 18 is used.

Referring to Figure 1 will be described the regeneration apparatus and method of the smoke reduction device according to the present invention.

The pressure applied to the pressure sensor 15 provided in the exhaust flow path 1 through which the particulate matter flows increases as the engine operating time elapses due to the filter existing inside the smoke exhaust emission reduction device main body 16. Therefore, when the pressure measured by the pressure sensor 15 is greater than or equal to the set pressure, a regeneration process for combustion of the collected soot is necessary.

In addition, in order to burn the collected soot, a process of rapidly raising the temperature of the exhaust emission reduction device main body 16 to a set temperature or more is required. To this end, a process of injecting fuel at high pressure from the injector 8 and forming a flame using sparks caused by the ignition means, that is, the high voltage transformer 13 and the ignition rod 12, is required.

At this time, the exhaust gas discharged from the engine is used as an oxidant for flame formation. In the case of diesel engines, unlike gasoline engines, since about 12% to 18% of oxygen is contained in the exhaust gas, flame formation is possible. In addition, the flames formed are maintained by the flame insulator 7 for smooth mixing of the injected fuel and exhaust gas and distribution of flow. Of course, it is also possible to add external air to the exhaust flow path or the interior of the smoke abatement device for the sake of flame generation and formation.

On the other hand, the high pressure fuel is supplied to the injector 8 by the fuel pump 10, but the fuel is not supplied continuously during engine operation, but only during regeneration. Therefore, when the operation time elapses, the injection hole of the injector 8 is deposited by fine soot particles, so that the size of the injection hole can be reduced. In order to prevent this, it is preferable to supply a small amount of high pressure air to the injector 8 when the engine is driven to prevent the injection holes of the injector 8 from being deposited. In addition, the ignition rod 12 is also a soot is deposited as the engine operation time elapses, if this persists may occur a phenomenon that the ignition does not occur. In order to prevent this, it is preferable to form a spark periodically for a predetermined time in the ignition rod 12 during engine driving. An operation for preventing deposition of the injection hole of the injector 8 and the ignition rod 12 is preferably performed while the smoke reduction device is not in the regeneration operation.

On the other hand, although the degree of regeneration can be detected by the change in pressure measured by the pressure sensor 15, the regeneration is performed by using the temperature measured by the various temperature sensors 4, 5 and 6 installed on the exhaust flow path 1. The degree of reproduction can be detected more accurately. Therefore, the control device 2 uses these pieces of information to determine when to start playback and when to stop playback. That is, when starting regeneration, the fuel pump 10 is driven to supply fuel to the injector 8 and to operate the ignition rod 12. In addition, during the regeneration, the degree and condition of the regeneration are grasped based on the measured temperature and pressure to appropriately control the pressure and amount of fuel injected.

During the regeneration, the air pump 11 and the valve 14 are controlled to supply high pressure air to the injector 8 continuously or intermittently for a predetermined time.

On the other hand, by inputting the engine operation information such as the engine rotation speed to the controller 2, it is possible to determine the reproduction start time and reproduction stop time more efficiently using this information. It is also possible to control the amount, pressure, etc. of the fuel during regeneration, and to supply air to the injector 8 or to drive the ignition rod 12 while not regenerating.

On the other hand, since the operation of the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment described above, a description thereof will be omitted.

It is more preferable to use the above-described regeneration apparatus and method of the smoke reduction apparatus according to the present invention in a volume filter type smoke reduction apparatus. This is because, while the conventional ceramic filter type smoke reduction device is a method in which soot is filtered on the surface of the filter, the volume filter type smoke reduction device is characterized in that the smoke is uniformly filtered in the entire volume of the filter. In addition, in order to prevent thermal shock of ceramic filters, precise control of combustion temperature during regeneration is very important for filter durability. However, the particulate filter type soot reduction device has a great advantage that the filter durability is ensured even when the filter temperature is rapidly increased by forming a high temperature flame during regeneration.

On the other hand, in the above-described embodiment has been described to automatically operate the regeneration device of the smoke reduction device, the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, when it is determined that regeneration is necessary after comparing the temperature and pressure input from the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor with a predetermined set value, the engine driver is notified and the regeneration is started by the driver's operation when the driver desires regeneration. It may be.

The method of regenerating the smoke reduction apparatus according to the present invention described above and the effects of the regeneration apparatus using the same will be described below.

First, the present invention does not use a separate burner, a bypass valve, etc. for regeneration of the smoke emission reducing device unlike the related art. In addition, instead of supplying external air directly to the exhaust passage, only fuel is supplied and the exhaust gas discharged from the engine is used as an oxidant to form and maintain a flame. Therefore, it is possible to miniaturize the regeneration device of the smoke reduction device, and there is an advantage that the economic efficiency can be improved.

Second, according to the present invention, since it is possible to prevent the deposition of soot in the injector injection hole and the ignition rod, which is a real problem in the burner combustion regeneration device in the smoke emission reduction device, it is possible to use the regeneration device of the smoke reduction device more practically. Will be.

Claims (7)

An injector installed at a predetermined position on an exhaust flow path provided with a smoke reduction device for collecting particulate matter generated in an engine and injecting fuel into the exhaust flow path; An ignition means installed near the injector to form a flame using fuel injected from the injector and exhaust gas discharged from the engine; An inflammator which maintains the flame formed and smoothly maintains the distribution of the flow; And It is configured to include a pressure sensor installed on the exhaust flow path for measuring the pressure, And the injector and the ignition means are operated on the basis of the pressure in the exhaust passage measured by the pressure sensor. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a temperature sensor for an exhaust pipe, a temperature sensor for an exhaust port, and an internal temperature sensor are installed before and after and inside the smoke reduction device, respectively. According to claim 1 or 2, In order to prevent the soot particles are deposited in the injection hole of the injector, an air pump is connected to the injector to supply high pressure air to the injector continuously or intermittently for a predetermined time A regeneration device of a smoke reduction device, characterized in that. The device of claim 1, wherein the ignition means comprises: an ignition rod for making a spark; And a high voltage transformer for supplying a high voltage to the ignition rod. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein a high voltage is periodically supplied to the ignition rod in order to prevent soot from being deposited on the ignition rod. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the ignition means comprises: a glow plug; Regenerating device of the smoke reduction device, characterized in that comprising a power supply. Measuring the pressure at the inlet side of the smoke reduction apparatus; Injecting only fuel into the exhaust passage at high pressure when the measured pressure is equal to or greater than a predetermined pressure; Forming a flame by using the injected fuel and oxygen contained in the exhaust gas; Regenerating method of soot reduction apparatus comprising the step of maintaining the formed flame.