JP2002115164A - Three-dimensional netlike body and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a three-dimensional netlike body a having high compression stress and a slight reduction in amount of thickness even under a high load, retaining a high porosity, capable of quickly draining overflow water, a three- dimensional netlike body having improved packability of soil and a material of a three-dimensional netlike body structure as a netlike body having bulkiness and high rigidity which is made by bonding and constructing these three- dimensional netlike bodies and has about several dozen cm that has been impossible in a conventional three-dimensional netlike body and is useful as a material for civil engineering. SOLUTION: A great number of continuous filaments which are composed of a thermoplastic synthetic resin and have 0.1-1.5 mm thickness are piled in a netlike form, fused, bonded and integrated at their crossing points to form a netlike body having 0.1-4 mm substantial thickness. The netlike body is in a pleat form in a cross section in the thickness direction and is alternately provided with a plurality of ridge parts and channel parts continuous in one direction and is made into a mat shape provided with large voids by unevenness of the netlike body.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a drainage material at the bottom of a waste disposal site, a drainage material at a separation wall of a tunnel, and the like. For drainage materials that can be discharged, it can correspond to civil engineering materials that require greater compressive stress than conventional drainage materials, and of course, soil retention, slope reinforcement work and seawall protection in conventional civil engineering base materials and greening work In the field of civil engineering such as soil runoff prevention and ground runoff prevention in construction, and in fields where larger bulk is required, three-dimensional net-like structures are assembled by bending or gluing them, The present invention also relates to a three-dimensional net-like body which is adapted to a bedding field requiring a large gap such as a bed pad and a cushioning property.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At a waste disposal site, a bottom surface is formed of a water-blocking structure for preventing groundwater contamination due to water leakage, and a planar drainage for collecting and draining sewage escaping from a waste layer at an upper portion thereof. The filaments disclosed in JP-B-58-9186 and JP-A-11-247060 are fused and bonded to the surface drainage material, and the entire surface becomes uneven. And a mat-like three-dimensional net having a certain thickness is used, and water flowing out from the back surface of a tunnel or a concrete retaining wall disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-118196 utilizing this three-dimensional net is used. The surface drainage material that guides and drains water is simple and frequently used because the drainage material is made of plastic and lightweight.

In addition, it is simpler to use a rubber sheet or a plastic sheet as a water-stopping material for a water-blocking structure of the above-mentioned waste disposal site, as compared with a rigid construction method such as cementing, which has been conventionally performed. However, there is a problem that the sheet is damaged and water leaks, and attempts have been made to improve these, and an impermeable membrane is arranged above and below, and a drainage material is provided in the middle layer. The impervious agent is injected into the drainage material to make the water impervious to perfection, the water impermeable material sandwiching the drainage material of the double liner method that also checks and repairs the water impermeable structure, and as the water impermeable structure , So as to be easy to handle, using a three-dimensional net having a large void as in the present invention,
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-34 discloses a technique of spraying a water-stopping material on the three-dimensional network body with a substance that easily swells with water such as bentonite.
No. 1124, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 7-119130 discloses that a portion where the water stopping effect is reduced and water leakage is assumed is assumed until leakage occurs. However, in any case, a three-dimensional net having a higher pressure resistance has been desired.

[0004] In addition, a variety of construction methods for maintaining a more natural environment by filling soil and sand into civil engineering materials to maintain a more natural environment have been proposed. Although various measures have been added, the soil vegetation method of attaching and fixing a three-dimensional net on an inclined surface and spraying soil containing seeds is still excellent because of excellent workability and economical. Widely used. And
In order to retain more soil, a bulkier three-dimensional net has been desired.

[0005]

[Problems to be solved by the invention]
No. 9186 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-247060 disclose a three-dimensional net-like body in which the filaments are fused and adhered to each other, and have a uniform thickness and a mat-like shape with a certain thickness. Conventionally, soil has been used for greening work, etc., so there is no need to particularly enhance the compression resistance in the thickness direction, and the above-mentioned earth pressure is applied, so that a compressive stress is always applied in the thickness direction, and In the development of drainage materials that need to be discharged promptly, initially, the amount of filaments was increased and the density of the mesh was increased, but cost, product weight, and product flexibility were lost. Handling becomes a problem, and there is a demand for a three-dimensional net having a lighter weight, a higher porosity, and a larger compressive stress than conventional drainage materials. Also, a conventional three-dimensional net-like body is required to be lighter if the conventional function can be maintained.

[0006] Furthermore, at present, energy saving effect of reducing the cooling cost by covering with soil and natural appearance by vegetation can be produced, so that the rooftop greening of buildings is attracting attention. However, there has been no vegetation base material with excellent soil retention that can sufficiently cope with steep slopes. In addition, there is a need for a bulky and rigid three-dimensional netting such as an artificial floating island for greening floating water on a lake surface and purifying the lake with vegetated plants.

[0007] An object of the present invention is an application in which a compressive stress is always applied in the thickness direction due to an applied earth pressure. The compressive stress is larger than that of a conventional drainage material, and the amount of thickness reduction is small even under a high load.
A three-dimensional reticulated body and its cylindrical body that can quickly discharge runoff water while maintaining a high porosity, and a three-dimensional body that has the same compressive strength and has reduced the amount of filaments compared to conventional ones to improve soil filling A three-dimensional net structure having a thickness of several tens of centimeters, which was not possible with a conventional three-dimensional net, was assembled by bonding these three-dimensional nets as a net, or a net having higher bulk and greater rigidity than before. The purpose of this is to provide such materials as civil engineering materials.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Observing the behavior of a conventional mesh under compression, the greater the number of walls made of a mesh which is fused and bonded to the upper and lower surfaces, the higher the compressive stress, and Is a triangular surface having one ridge line, and the side corresponding to the ridge line is fixed by a flat body such as a non-woven fabric and is restricted from spreading. Were found, and these were examined in detail to arrive at the present invention. That is,
According to the present invention, a large number of continuous filaments are superimposed in a net shape, fused and adhered at the intersections thereof, and integrated to form a net having a thickness of several mm, which is pleated in a thickness direction cross section and continuous in one direction. The ridges and grooves are alternately formed, and a three-dimensional net with an apparent thickness of several cm is formed in a mat shape in which large voids are formed by the unevenness of the net. The number of walls per unit surface area and the area of the walls can be overwhelmingly increased compared to a three-dimensional mesh body in which unevenness in the thickness direction is unplanned and there is no consideration to increase the number of walls of the mesh body connecting the upper and lower surfaces. The wall has a large resistance to compressive stress in the thickness direction of the three-dimensional net-like body. In addition, the present inventors have previously proposed a three-dimensional net having a triangular prism shape by attaching a nonwoven fabric on at least one surface of the pleated three-dimensional net, but as a result of further study, Unless at least one surface of the sample of about A4 size is certainly fixed with a nonwoven fabric or the like, the ridge line of the pleats slips due to compression in the thickness direction and the pleats spread, and does not show a large compression resistance. Even if the three-dimensional net is sandwiched between the top and bottom of a larger plywood board and rides on the upper part, the phenomenon that the ridges of the pleats slide and the pleats spread are not found in the center, and in actual civil engineering construction, It is a construction with a large width, and it is reconfirmed that even if the nonwoven fabric is not stuck on at least one side, the same effect as the three-dimensional mesh body stuck with the nonwoven fabric is substantially exhibited. It was was.

More specifically, the area of the mesh occupying the upper surface and the lower surface of the three-dimensional net is minimized, and the area of the wall connecting the upper and lower surfaces, which is made of a mesh formed by fusion bonding of filaments, is maximized. Basically, if the space between the upper and lower surfaces is as small as possible, that is, the number of pleated ridges is large, and the basis weight of the mesh and the fiber diameter thereof are in an appropriate range described below.
Compression resistance in the thickness direction and overall rigidity can be further exhibited.

Specifically, it is made of a thermoplastic synthetic resin,
A large number of continuous filaments having a thickness of 0.1 to 1.5 mm are superimposed in a net shape, and are fused and bonded at intersections thereof to form a net having a substantial thickness of 0.1 to 4 mm,
The reticulated body is pleated in a thickness direction cross section, a plurality of ridges and grooves continuous in one direction are arranged in an orderly and alternate manner, and a mat shape in which a large void is formed by unevenness of the reticulated body. Now, apparent thickness is 4-50m
m.

The three-dimensional net of the present invention is more rigid in structure than conventional three-dimensional nets, and is inconvenient to be wound or folded. Therefore, it is convenient to provide an easily bendable portion which is a ridge and / or a groove intersecting these ridges intermittently in the direction in which the ridges extend, so that the ridges can be rolled or folded.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings of embodiments. FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional net 5 having a plurality of pleated cross-sectional structures according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view as viewed from above the portion of FIG. 1A.

The form of the mesh according to the present invention is, for example, shown in FIG.
4, the reticulated body is formed by discharging a large number of continuous filaments 1 from a spinneret 2 for melt spinning to a mold 4 in which a triangular prism is laid down, and is superposed in a net shape. Then, the intersection is melt-bonded, pressed against the upper part of the convex surface of the mold by a pressure roller 6, and the fusion-bonded net on the convex part of the die is further pressed, thereby shaping the three-dimensional net and forming the upper end of the ridge. The reinforcement is performed to form a three-dimensional net having a pleated cross section in the thickness direction, thereby forming a mat-shaped net 5 in which large voids are formed in the lower part of the ridge and the upper part of the groove of the three-dimensional net by triangular prism-shaped irregularities.

In the application for improving pressure resistance, which is an embodiment of the present invention, a compressive force in a thickness direction is received by a triangular cross-section structure in which the surface layer of a three-dimensional net-like body is arranged in an orderly manner and is imagined as one side. By exerting the effect of improving the pressure resistance by that, in addition, by incorporating the triangular cross-sectional structure that contributes to the pressure resistance by arranging the triangular cross-sectional structure in a pleated order in the lateral direction, as a whole, Can significantly improve the pressure resistance. In the application for improving the pressure resistance, it is better that both sides, which are the oblique sides of the triangular cross-sectional structure formed by the pleated portion of the mesh body 5, have high compressive strength. It is convenient to use a mold capable of producing a net-like object arranged in the traveling direction, so that each pleat hypotenuse is a uniform mesh-type object.

As shown in FIG. 1, the pleats can be wound in the direction of flow by using the mold 4 shown in FIG. 5B to form a cut-out net 5 as shown in FIG. By using such a mold, a large number of continuous ridges arranged orderly and parallel in one direction intermittently and / or ridges traversing these ridges in the same direction. An easily bent portion that is a groove may be formed. Further, a three-dimensional net-like body that can be bent and / or rolled up using the easily bent portion as a fulcrum can be obtained. In addition, for the bending and winding, it is preferable that the large number of ridges arranged in an orderly manner and the easily bent portion are orthogonal to each other. Also, by utilizing such bending and winding performance, at least 5 or more pleats are formed as a set, and the ridge or groove is cut along the flow direction of the ridge, and the ridge is bent and rounded with the ridge side as the inside. In addition, by fixing with a linear object such as a string or a metal wire to form a cylindrical shape, it is also possible to form a cylindrical three-dimensional net characterized by being able to drain a large amount in the flow direction of the ridge.

A net 13 shown in FIG. 6 of another embodiment of the present invention can be made by using a triangular prism mold orthogonal to the traveling direction of the machine as shown in FIG. The net 13 is installed on an inclined surface such that the soil is covered with the soil 23 and the like, and is used as a soil holding material to be greened. When the mold 15 is formed by engraving a shape in which a triangular prism is laid down in the lateral direction with respect to the traveling direction illustrated in FIG. In the type,
The continuous filament is mainly deposited on the surface of the mold 15 facing the direction of travel of the triangular prism, and the other surface has a phenomenon that the amount of deposition is smaller than that of the former. In addition, in order to press and mesh the mesh body by the pressure roller 6, a bridge having a triangular cross section extending in the traveling direction is arranged at least at two ends of the engraved portion of the mold, or the laid triangular prism is moved in the width direction of the machine. It is preferable that at least two places on the upper surface of the mold always contact the pressure roller 6 by giving a slight angle. Further, in the mold used in the present invention, it is preferable that the upper surface of the mold and the bottom surface are parallel and that the upper surfaces of the convex portions of the mold are all on the same plane because of the convenience of using the pressure roll 6.

The mold 4 used in the present invention, in which the shape in which the triangular prism is laid down, is engraved, the bottom surface of the mold is defined as one side, and the ridge line composed of the vertices sandwiched between the equal sides is defined as the upper surface of the mold. Do
The cross section is preferably an isosceles triangle, and particularly preferably an equilateral triangle, but may be an inequilateral triangle if the distance between the projecting upper surface and the bottom surface is the same. In addition, because the ridgeline is sharp, a portion having insufficient press-fitting property with the plane body is likely to occur, and the plane body may be damaged because the ridgeline is sharp for the convenience of hitting and pressing the net-like body with the compression roller 6. The ridgeline is preferably cut at an obtuse angle or the upper part to be chamfered, and at the bottom of the mold,
The interval between the triangular prisms should be 3 mm or more, preferably 5 mm. When the continuous filament is discharged into these chamfered dies to form the net of the present invention, the upper end and the bottom draw a moderate radius, Appearance-like and pleated sections can be triangular. When the pleat angle of the pleated cross-section three-dimensional net formed in this way is approximately 60 degrees, a three-dimensional net having excellent pressure resistance can be obtained.

The material used for the continuous filament of the present invention is a thermoplastic resin such as a polyester such as polypropylene, polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate and a polyamide such as nylon 6, and these copolymers are more preferable for enhancing flexibility. The polymer blends and polymer alloys thereof are also preferable.

The thickness of the continuous filament of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 1.5 mm from the viewpoint of strength and rigidity,
If it is thicker than m, it is difficult to form the reticulated body of the present invention,
If the thickness is smaller than mm, the rigidity tends to cause a problem, which is not preferable.

The basis weight of the solid reticulated body of the present invention depends on the application, but is generally in the range of 100 to 3000 g / m ^{2. If} the pressure resistance is intended to be enhanced, the pressure resistance is determined by multiplying the strength of the continuous filament by the number of filaments. Problem, 150 ~
Preferably 1500 g / m ^2, depending on its thickness when the intended retention of soil, 200~1500g / m ² is preferred.

The thickness of the three-dimensional network of the present invention is preferably 4 to 40 mm when strengthening the pressure resistance, and is preferably 20 to 50 mm when retaining the soil is intended. If it exceeds 50 mm, the continuous filaments contact the mold and are cooled, so that the continuous filaments are difficult to reach and become uneven.

In the present invention, in order to improve the form stability and tensile strength of the three-dimensional network, to further provide mutual engagement and portability, the continuous filament constituting the three-dimensional network is made of a flexible net. A three-dimensional net-like body reinforced with a flexible net entangled with the above is preferable. The flexible net used to reinforce the three-dimensional net-like body is formed by weaving a net such as a fishing net having a mesh of 15 to 50 mm square, a cold gauze using split yarn, or a yarn such as a multi-filament or a monofilament in the vertical and horizontal directions. A fishing net made of polyethylene terephthalate is particularly preferable in terms of strength reinforcement, and a net or a scrim net is conveniently used. Although the three-dimensional net-like body reinforced with the net is not shown, the net is arranged and laminated on a mold of the manufacturing apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1 and a continuous filament is spun from above the laminated net to obtain FIG. The continuous filament constituting the three-dimensional network as exemplified in (1) can be a three-dimensional network reinforced by a flexible net entangled with a flexible net.

(Function) The three-dimensional net of the present invention is composed of continuous filaments, and a liquid such as water can be easily drained through the net, so that it is suitable as a drainage material at the bottom of a waste disposal site. Yes, solids such as soil can be filtered out by the filaments to suppress the outflow of the solids, and thus are optimal as civil materials for vegetation for filling soil. In addition, by reinforcing the continuous filaments constituting the three-dimensional net with a flexible net, it is possible to improve the tensile strength and pressure resistance of the three-dimensional net, and to provide the three-dimensional net with engagement and portability. it can.

[0024]

Next, the effects of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples and comparative examples. (Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2) The reticulated body of the present invention is prepared by adding the molds 4 and 14 shown in FIG.
By using, it can be manufactured efficiently. 140 ° C melting point
The melt flow rate of the ethylene-propylene copolymer having a melt flow rate of 18 g / 10 min was passed through a spinneret 2 in which a large number of spinning nozzles having a hole diameter of 0.6 mm were arranged in a line to have a fiber diameter of 0.7.
mm continuous filament 1 is spun, and the triangular prism moving at a constant speed is hung down on a mold engraved with a laid-out shape and piled up in a net shape, and the intersections are fused and adhered to form a net material 3. At the same time, the mesh on the mold was pressure-bonded with the roll 6 to obtain the three-dimensional meshes of Examples 1 to 6 illustrated in FIGS. Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were fabricated using the mold 16 conventionally used by the Company as illustrated in FIG.
To 3. Table 1 shows the compression performance of these examples and comparative examples.

[0025]

[Table 1]

(Embodiment 7) Using the mold 15 of FIG. 5C having the same depth of the valleys and valleys as the mold of Embodiment 1, but having a different triangular pole direction by 90 °, it was prepared in the same manner as in Embodiment 1, and FIG. The reticulated body 13 for greening the slope as exemplified in (1) was obtained. The reticulated body is such that the reticulated material 22 at the part facing the traveling direction at the peak of the mold is densely laminated, and the part 21 on the opposite side has a pattern in which most filaments go down the valley at a stretch. As shown in FIG. 7, the net 13 is placed on a veneer board inclined at an angle of 45 ° with the sparse net 21 on the upper side. When the soil was roughly crushed and filled with a transplanting iron, the soil was easily filled as illustrated in FIG. In fact, it is thought that if soil is mixed with flower seeds and the soil is further reduced and filled, it can be conveniently used for rooftop greening of buildings and the like.

[0027]

According to one aspect of the present invention, the cross-section of the three-dimensional net is
It is a pleated shape in which triangles are connected horizontally, and one side is imagined as the upper and lower surfaces of the three-dimensional mesh. The triangle is firmly fixed to improve the pressure resistance, but the inside of the mesh is a mesh. The net is made of thermoplastic resin filaments, so it is bulky, has excellent air permeability and water permeability, and has a very high porosity. It is convenient to carry and construct, and has higher strength than conventional ones, so that it can withstand tighter use conditions than conventional ones, so that it can be used as a versatile civil engineering material for vegetation. In addition, the other reticulated body 13 for the purpose of holding the soil is easy to fill the soil into the mesh, which is difficult to fill the soil with the above-described reticulated body, and is closed inside. It is suitable as a rooftop greening material for buildings because the amount of soil retained can be significantly increased even in the case of a reticulated body of the same thickness because there is no temporary cavity and the occurrence of unfilled parts is suppressed. . In addition, by reinforcing the continuous filaments constituting the three-dimensional net with a flexible net, it is possible to improve the tensile strength and pressure resistance of the three-dimensional net, and to provide the three-dimensional net with engagement and portability. it can.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for manufacturing a mesh body with improved pressure resistance according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view as viewed from above in FIG. 1A.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a mesh body with improved pressure resistance according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an embodiment diagram of the present invention in which bending and winding can be performed.

FIG. 5: Example of mold A: Example used in Example 1 B:
Example C used in Example 2: Example used in Example 5 D:
Example C used in Comparative Example: Example used in Example 8 D: Example used in Comparative Example

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a mesh body of a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a net for the purpose of filling according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view for describing a three-dimensional net-like body reinforced with a flexible net in which a continuous filament is entangled with a flexible net.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 continuous filament 2 spinneret 3 mesh material in which continuous filaments are fused and bonded on a mold 4, 14, 15, 16 mold 5, 13 solid body of the present invention 6 pressure roll 7, 8 guide roll 21 continuous filament Sparse wall 22 dense wall of continuous filaments 23 filled soil 24 base veneer board 25 flexible net

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (reference) D04H 3/16 D04H 3/16 4D004 E02B 3/12 E02B 3/12 4L047 E02D 3/00 102 E02D 3/00 102 17 / 20 103 17/20 103A // B09B 1/00 ZAB B09B 1/00 ZABA (72) Inventor Yousuke Takai 877 Komiya, Harima-cho, Kako-gun, Hyogo F-term in Harima Research Laboratory, Daiwa Bow Polytech Co., Ltd. 2B022 AB02 AB04 BA02 BA23 BA25 BB02 2B314 NC38 PC15 PC23 PC24 2D018 DA02 2D043 DA03 DD05 DD10 DD13 2D044 DB01 4D004 AA46 BB04 CC17 4L047 AA14 AB03 AB07 BA08 BD03 CA12 CA15 CC06 CC10 CC15

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A thickness of 0. 1 made of a thermoplastic synthetic resin.
A large number of continuous filaments having a thickness of 1 to 1.5 mm are superimposed in a net shape, and are fused and bonded at their intersections to form a net having a substantial thickness of 0.1 to 4 mm. Pleated in cross section, a plurality of ridges and grooves continuous in one direction were alternately formed, and became a mat shape in which a large gap was formed by the unevenness of the mesh body, and the apparent thickness was 4 to 50 mm. A three-dimensional net-like body characterized by the above. 2. A plurality of continuous ridges which are arranged in an orderly parallel manner in one direction, and in the same direction, intermittently foldable portions which are ridges and / or grooves intersecting these ridges. The three-dimensional net-like body according to claim 1, characterized in that the three-dimensional net-like body is formed so as to be able to bend and / or roll up with the easily bendable portion as a fulcrum. 3. The three-dimensional net-like body according to claim 2, wherein a large number of ridges arranged in an orderly manner are orthogonal to the easily bent portions. 4. The three-dimensional net according to claim 1, wherein the continuous filament is a three-dimensional net reinforced with a flexible net, which is entangled with a flexible net. . 5. The three-dimensional net according to claim 1, wherein the angle of the pleat is approximately 60 °. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mesh of the mesh is different on one slope (∧) of the pleat from the other slope and the mesh having a different mesh is alternately arranged. Item 3. The three-dimensional network according to any one of Items 1 to 5. 7. One surface of the triangular prism is on a plane, and an upper part of a ridge line where the triangular prism is not on the plane is cut and removed in parallel with the plane, and the triangular prisms are arranged on the plane at regular intervals. Is moved at a constant speed, on the mold, made of thermoplastic synthetic resin, having a thickness of 0.1 to
A large number of 1.5 mm continuous filaments were spun out, the continuous filaments were superimposed in a mesh along the mold, and were fused and bonded at the intersections to form a large pleated mesh. Matte, thickness 4 ~
A method for producing a three-dimensional net-like body, characterized in that the thickness is 50 mm.