JP2002114290A - Container - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To mechanize an unloading operation of cargoes filled in a container without a large-scale modification or without providing a large-scale apparatus outside or in the container, to eliminate heavy work of manually unloading, and thus to deal with aging of unloading workers of the container and improvement in working efficiency. SOLUTION: A mobile wall 12 which moves fore-and-aft as a cargo discharger is provided in a box 10 constituting a shell of the container, and alternatively, a base plate 13 placed below the wall 12 and movable in the fore-and-aft direction is provided in addition.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a container used for transporting cargo.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, container transportation has been increasing from the viewpoints of reducing transportation costs and packaging costs, shortening the transportation period, and preventing cargo pain. However, since the containers are box-shaped and most of the containers have a single entrance at the rear end, a crane or the like cannot be used. In addition, in order to increase the loading efficiency and prevent the load from collapsing, the loads are piled up without any gaps without being loaded on a pallet. For this reason, conveyors and forklifts can be used for transferring and transporting the load, but the load is relied on manually.

[0003] The unloading work of the container requires the work of transporting the load in the container to the outside of the container. However, for loose objects such as chips, the work often depends on humans, and is heavy work. Not preferred. In particular, with the aging of workers in recent years, there is a need for a cargo-handling device that eliminates the work of lower back pain as a countermeasure for lower back pain. Conventionally, there is a crane that meets this condition, but it is not used for the container due to the disadvantage that the container is difficult to mount and the working speed is slow.

As a method of unloading chips from a container, it is conceivable to provide an unloading device including a platform 1, a hydraulic device 2, a cylinder 3, an over-bun 4, and a weighing device 5, as shown in FIG. .

[0005] The platform 1 tilts the container 8 up to 55 degrees by driving the hydraulic device 6 and the cylinder 7,
The container is unloaded and is framed by a steel shape and a steel plate, has a sufficient size and strength for the unloading of the container 8, and has one end having a strength for supporting the container 8 when the platform 1 is inclined. A backstop 9 as a locking device using a shaped steel is attached.

[0006]

The method of inclining the entire container on such a platform 1 requires a large scale of the entire apparatus. Unless the apparatus on the platform 1 is located, the unloading operation cannot be performed. In addition, if the container is placed on the platform 1 while the overbang 4 is open during a series of operations, the container may fall into the receiving bin, and the position of the backstop 9 is not appropriate. If it falls, it will fall and become a serious disaster.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 5-208731 discloses a vertical slide table, a left and right slide table, and a method for automatically unloading a container by minimizing manual operations.
A movable support frame having a front and rear slide table, a gripping section, a conveyor vertical slide table, and a transport section can be moved in the container, and an extension conveyor is further provided on a conveyor section connected to the transport section, and the load is aligned with each slide table. 2 shows a state where the sheet is pulled out to the transport section by the operation of the vacuum suction pad and moved on the conveyor.

The cargo handling device in the container disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-208731 has a large scale as a whole and has a problem in cost.

An object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the conventional example and to unload a load loaded in a container without major modification of the container and without providing a large-scale device outside or inside the container. It is an object of the present invention to provide a container that can cope with the aging of the worker who unloads the container and the improvement of the working efficiency by eliminating the heavy work of unloading manually. .

[0010]

According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, first, a push wall which moves in the front-rear direction as a load discharging device is provided in a box which is a container outer shell. In addition, a push wall moving in the front-rear direction and a floor plate movable back and forth laid below the push wall are provided as a load discharging device in a box body which is a container outer shell. Third, the push wall is formed by a telescopic cylinder. Movable, 4th
The gist of the present invention is that the push wall moves synchronously with a floor plate that can move back and forth at least in the direction of the load discharge port.

Fifth, a floor plate which can be moved back and forth by a cylinder as a load discharging device or a loading device is provided in a box which is a container outer shell. Sixth, a vibrator is connected to the cylinder. Seventh, the forward and backward movement device of the floorboard is installed separately near the container opening so that it can be coupled to the floorboard. Eighth, the forward and backward movement device can be transported by a forklift. It is an abstract.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the container is provided with a load discharging device, and is used for unloading loads, such as loose objects such as chips, loaded without any pallets in the container without a pallet. Can be mechanized. The container is provided with a push wall that moves in the front-rear direction as a load discharge device in the outer shell box, and the push wall moves chips and other loads in the direction of the load discharge port, and can be discharged out of the container, It is possible to mechanize the unloading operation of a load stacked without gaps in a container without a pallet in the container without major modification of the container and without providing a large-scale device outside.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, as one method, as a first step, when the floor plate moves in the direction of the load discharge port (forward direction), the load and the pushing wall on the floor plate are moved together with the floor plate. Then, as a second stage, the push wall is fixed, the load is stopped in place, and only the floor plate is moved in the direction of the non-load discharge port (return direction). Hereinafter, the first step and the second step are sequentially repeated to move the push wall and the load to the load discharge port, and discharge the load to the outside of the container.

As described above, according to the present invention, the push wall is used only for locking the load when only the floor plate is moved in the direction of the non-load discharge port (return direction). Since the load is not directly pushed as in the present invention, only a small force for stopping the load is required.

As another method, similar to the first aspect of the present invention, the floor plate is moved back and forth while moving chips and other loads in the direction of the load discharge port by moving the push wall to the opposite direction of the load discharge port. When moving in the backward direction, the push wall only has to play a role of holding down the load, and when moving in the direction of the load discharge port (forward direction), the load is also carried by this floor plate, thus assisting the pushing operation of the push wall. . Therefore, the force for moving the pressing wall is smaller than that of the first aspect of the present invention.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above operation, the push wall can be moved by the telescopic cylinder, so that the push wall can be moved by a simple mechanism that does not take up space.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the push wall is moved at least in the direction of the load discharge port in synchronization with the floor plate, the moving force of the floor plate is required to move the load in the direction of the load discharge port. With only this, the pressing force of the pressing wall itself becomes unnecessary, and it can be moved with a small force.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, a load discharging device or a floor plate which can be moved back and forth by a cylinder as a loading device is provided in the box which is the outer shell of the container. The load on the floorboard can be sequentially moved by changing the direction (forward direction) and the opposite direction of the load discharge port (return direction).

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the operation of the fifth aspect of the present invention, by connecting a vibrator to the cylinder, the floor plate can be loaded by, for example, striking the vibrator. Can be stopped on the spot without returning due to its inertia, and the reciprocating cylinder can be moved by the stroke of the reciprocating cylinder with or without the use of the vibrator.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the back and forth moving device for the floorboard is separately installed near the container opening and can be connected to the floorboard. Good and inexpensive.

According to the present invention, the fore-and-aft movement device can be transported by a forklift, so that the fore-and-aft movement device can be set easily and quickly when necessary.

[0022]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the container of the present invention, and FIG.
Numeral 0 denotes a box which is a container outer shell, and the rear end of the box 10 is a load discharge port 11. Note that there are both cases where there is an upper floor plate (top plate) and cases where there is no upper floor plate. In addition, the load outlet 11
Has an openable / closable door, but illustration is omitted.

In the present invention, a push wall 12 which moves in the front-rear direction is provided in a box 10 as a load discharging device. Alternatively, a floor plate 13 which can be moved back and forth is laid below the push wall 12 as a load discharging device.

The push wall 12 is made of steel or other metal such as an aluminum alloy, and the box 10 is assumed to be a rectangular parallelepiped.
They are arranged in a direction parallel to 1. Further, the push wall 12 is configured such that a partition plate 12b is erected on a horizontal base plate 12a, and a lower portion of the partition plate 12b is inclined so that the upper portion is away from the load discharge port 11 when viewed from the direction. The floor plate 13 is also made of steel or stainless steel and may be relatively thin.

The pushing wall 12 is formed of a floor plate 13 and a base plate 12.
The multi-stage telescopic cylinder 14 is provided between the case 10 and the telescopic cylinder 14 so that it can be moved in the front-rear direction by the telescopic cylinder 14.

On the other hand, a reciprocating cylinder 15 is provided between the floor plate 13 and the box 10 so that the cylinder 15 can move the floor plate 13 back and forth.

Next, the usage will be described. When loading the container, the telescopic cylinder 14 is contracted, and the push wall 12 is also located in front of the box 10, so that a large space in the box 10 is secured.

As a first usage, the push wall 12 moves in the direction of the load discharge port 11 by extending only the telescopic cylinder 14, and pushes and discharges the load from the load discharge port 11 when moving.

[0029] The second use is a floor plate 1 that can be moved back and forth.
3 is also used.
Move 3 forward and backward.

In the first stage, the floor plate 13 is
(The forward direction), the load on the floor plate 13 also moves so as to be carried thereby. Further, the telescopic cylinder 14 is extended to move the push wall 12 in the direction of the load discharge port 11 (forward direction) in synchronization with the floor plate 13.

Next, as a second stage, the load is fixed at the place by fixing the push wall 12 by fixing the telescopic cylinder 14, and only the floor plate 13 is moved by the cylinder 15 in the direction of the non-load discharge port (return direction). Move. Hereinafter, the first step and the second step are sequentially repeated to move the push wall 12 and the load to the load discharge port 11, and discharge the load from the load discharge port 11 to the outside of the container.

A third use is as a first step, in which the floorboard 1
3 moves in the direction of the load discharge port 11 (forward direction), the telescopic cylinder 14 is set free and the floor plate 1
Both the push wall 12 and the load placed on 3 move with the floor plate 13 so that they are carried by the floor plate 13. The second stage is similar to the second usage. According to this third usage, the telescopic cylinder 14 is used only for fixing the push wall 12, and no force for pushing the load is required.

Further, the first to third usages may be appropriately combined depending on the situation.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show a second embodiment of the present invention, in which fixing means 16 for fixing the pressing wall 12 to the box body 10 are provided. The fixing means 16 may be a pin lock or the like, but in the illustrated example, locking projections 17 a are provided at appropriate intervals on the side plate of the box 10, while the locking projections 17 a And a pendulum-type or seesaw-type lock bar 17b is provided.

In this embodiment, fixing means 16 is used in place of the telescopic cylinder 14 of the first embodiment. As a first step, the floor plate 13 (not shown) is moved by the cylinder 15 (not shown) to the load discharge port 11. (The forward direction), the fixing means 16 is set free, and both the push wall 12 and the load placed on the floor plate 13 are moved together with the floor plate 13 so as to be carried by the floor plate 13.

Next, as a second stage, the lock bar 17b is hung on the locking projection 17a to fix the push wall 12, and the load is stopped in place, and the floor plate is stopped by the cylinder 15 (omitted in FIGS. 3 and 4). Only 13 is moved in the direction of the unloading outlet (return direction). Hereinafter, the first step and the second step are sequentially repeated to move the push wall 12 and the load to the load discharge port 11,
The load is discharged from the load discharge port 11 to the outside of the container.

In order to return the push wall 12 to the original position before the box 10 after discharging the load in the first and second embodiments, basically, the reverse operation may be performed. In particular, in the second embodiment, when the floor plate 13 moves in the direction of the load discharge port 11 (forward direction), the fixing means 16 is operated, and when the floor plate 13 moves in the counter load discharge direction (return direction), the fixing means 16 moves. Is free, and the push wall 12 is carried by the floor plate 13.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show a third embodiment of the present invention. As a mechanism for moving the push wall 12 back and forth, an endless chain 18 locked to the push wall 12 and a feeder 19 And the lock 20 are engaged. The feed device 19 is oscillated by a hydraulic cylinder 19a or a drive shaft 19b that rotates forward and backward by a hydraulic motor. A chuck mechanism 19d for the endless chain 18 is provided at the end of an arm 19c coming out of the drive shaft 19b. The lock 20 is similar to the chuck mechanism 19d, and the chuck mechanism 19d and the lock 20 may be manually engaged with and disengaged from the endless chain 18 through lever operation. In the figure, 21 is an endless chain 1
8 is a guide roller.

The first step is to use the cylinder 1
When the floor plate 13 moves in the direction of the load discharge port 11 (forward direction) (not shown), the chuck mechanism 19 is used.
d is locked to the endless chain 18 and the feeder 19 is driven to rotate the endless chain 18, whereby the push wall 12 is sent out in the direction of the load discharge port 11 (forward direction) in synchronization with the floor plate 13. As a result, the load placed on the floor plate 13 moves toward the load discharge port 11. The same operation can be performed by the endless chain 18 being pulled free by the push wall 12 without being driven.

In the second stage, the lock 20 is locked to the endless chain 18 so that the endless chain 18 does not move, and only the floor plate 13 is moved by the cylinder 15 in the direction of the non-load discharge port (return direction). Hereinafter, the first
The operation in the stage and the operation in the second stage are repeated as appropriate, and the load is discharged from the load discharge port 11 to the outside of the container.

In order to return the push wall 12 to the original position before the box body 10 after discharging the load, basically, the reverse operation may be performed.
With the floor plate 13 stopped, the endless chain 18 can be rotated in the reverse direction so that the push wall 12 is pulled.

Further, as an application example, the hydraulic cylinder 19a of the feeding device 19 can be used also for driving the floor plate 13. In that case, as shown in FIG.
A driving engagement projection 19e is protruded from 9b, and is engaged between projections having an interval between the receiving seats 36 provided on the floor plate 13, and the drive shaft 19b swings, so that the engagement projection 19e is also formed. As a result, the floor plate 13 is moved back and forth by pressing one of the protrusions of the receiving seat 36.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the fourth embodiment, only a floor plate 22 which can be moved back and forth as a load discharging device is laid in a box body 10. This is a case where the push wall 12 is not provided unlike the embodiment. This floor board 22
Although not shown, it is assumed that it is moved back and forth by a cylinder as in the first to third embodiments. On the floor plate 22, a crosspiece 24 made of a mold steel or the like is formed on the left and right edges. In the figure, reference numeral 25 denotes a horizontal joist provided below the bottom surface of the box 10, and reference numeral 26 denotes a box-shaped connector protruding from four corners of the box 10, and though not shown, has a through hole for locking.

In the illustrated embodiment, for example,
b having a support leg 27a below the base body 2
Forklift 3 by inserting the fork under 7b
The reciprocating cylinder 23 for moving the floor plate 22 back and forth is configured as a back-and-forth moving device 27 that is separate from the box body 10.
7b. In the figure, reference numeral 37 denotes a recess provided in the base body 27b for the forklift 32 to enter.

The front-rear moving device 27 is a reciprocating cylinder 2
The third reaction force receiving portion 29 protrudes from the base main body 27b, and furthermore, a locking bracket 30 that can be connected to the connector 26 of the container box 10 protrudes forward and laterally.

As shown in FIG. 9, a reciprocating cylinder 23 is connected with a vibrating cylinder 28 as a vibrator, and a connecting piece 31 having a long hole 31a is loosely fitted in the vibrating cylinder 28 with a pin. The connecting piece 31 is
Can be connected to the end of the crosspiece 24 with a pin or the like.

First, a method not using the vibration cylinder 28 will be described. Assuming that the container is a marine container, the forklift 32 moves the longitudinal movement device 27 to the box 10.
Set behind. At this time, the locking bracket 30 is connected to the connector 26 with a pin. The connecting piece 31 is connected to the end of the floor plate 22 with a pin. If necessary, FIG.
As shown in (1), a locking bracket 33 may be further protruded from the base body 27b, and this may be connected to the chassis of the trailer 35 of the truck 34 by pins.

When the reciprocating cylinder 23 moves in the direction of the load discharge port 11 (forward direction), the reciprocating cylinder 23 moves slowly so that the load on the floor plate 22 moves as it is with the floor plate 22, and moves in the opposite direction of the load discharge port (return direction). If you want to move to the, move it suddenly so that the load stays there.

The load is sent to the load discharge port 11 and discharged to the outside by the speed difference between the direction of the load discharge port 11 (forward direction) and the direction of the non-load discharge port (return direction) of the floor plate 22. Is done.

Next, a method using both the reciprocating cylinder 23 and the vibration cylinder 28 will be described with reference to FIGS. The setting of the forward and backward movement device 27 is the same.

First, as shown in FIG. 10, only the reciprocating cylinder 23 is operated and contracted. At this time, the reciprocating cylinder 23
The pin at the end of the vibration cylinder 28 fixed to the end of the connecting piece 31 hits the rear part of the long hole 31a of the connecting piece 31. As a result, the floor plate 22 is pulled out from the load discharge port 11 to the outside. At the same time, the load A on the floor plate 22 also moves in the direction of the load discharge port 11 (forward direction).

When the vibrating cylinder 28 is operated, the pin at the tip reciprocates in the long hole 31a of the connecting piece 31. Further, as shown in FIG. 11, when the reciprocating cylinder 23 is extended to move the floor plate 22 in the direction of the unloading outlet (return direction), the pin at the tip of the vibrating cylinder 28
The connecting piece 31 abuts against the vibration contact surface of the vibration cylinder 28 and the pin, and the vibration cylinder 28 hits the floor plate 22.

When the floor plate 22 is moved in the direction toward the non-load discharge port (return direction), the impact stops the load A without returning due to its inertia. Therefore, the load has moved in the direction of the load discharge port 11 (forward direction) by the stroke of the reciprocating cylinder 23.

Hereinafter, the floor plate 22 having only the reciprocating cylinder 23 will be described.
Is repeated in the direction of the load discharge port 11 (forward direction) and the feeding of the floor plate 22 in the direction of the non-load discharge port (return direction) by operating the vibration cylinder 28, so that the load A
When the number reaches 1, the forklift 32 discharges the container to the outside.

When the above operation is reversed, that is, when the reciprocating cylinder 23 extends, the vibration cylinder 2
8 is stopped and vibrated when it shrinks, the load A moves from the load discharge port 11 toward the back. Thus, it can be used not only for unloading but also as a loading device.

Forming the back-and-forth moving device provided with such a reciprocating cylinder separately from the box 10 as a container can also be applied to the second and third embodiments.

The method of incorporating the vibration cylinder 28 into the reciprocating cylinder and using both the reciprocating cylinder 23 and the vibration cylinder 28 described with reference to FIGS.
The present invention can also be applied to a case where both of the members 8 are incorporated into the box 10 to move the floorboard.

[0058]

As described above, the container of the present invention is
It is possible to mechanize the unloading work of loads loaded in containers without gaps without major remodeling of the container itself and without installing large equipment outside or inside the container. Work can be eliminated, which can lead to aging of container unloading workers,
In addition, it is possible to cope with an improvement in work efficiency.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a container of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing the first embodiment of the container of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the container of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial side view showing a second embodiment of the container of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the container of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial side view showing a third embodiment of the container of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a fourth embodiment of the container of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a side view showing a fourth embodiment of the container of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a fourth embodiment of the container of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an operation of a first stage of the container according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a second stage operation of the fourth embodiment of the container of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing an operation of a main part of a fourth embodiment of the container of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a side view of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Platform 2 ... Hydraulic device 3 ... Cylinder 4 ... Over bun 5 ... Metering device 6 ... Hydraulic device 7 ... Cylinder 8 ... Container 9 ... Backstop 10 ... Box body 11 ... Load outlet 12 ... Push wall 12a ... Base plate 12b ... Partition plate 13 ... Floor plate 14 ... Telescopic cylinder 15 ... Cylinder 16 ... Fixing means 17a ... Locking projection 17b ... Lock bar 18 ... Endless chain 19 ... Feeding device 19a ... Hydraulic cylinder 19b ... Drive shaft 19c ... Arm 19d ... Chuck mechanism 19e ... engagement projection 20 ... lock 21 ... guide roller 22 ... floor plate 23 ... reciprocating cylinder 24 ... pier 25 ... horizontal joist 26 ... connector 27 ... back and forth moving device 27a ... support leg 27b ... base body 28 ... vibration cylinder 29 ... reaction force receiving Part 30: locking bracket 31: coupling piece 31a: long hole 2 ... forklift 33 ... locking bracket 34 ... track 35 ... trailer 36 ... seat 37 ... recess

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A container, wherein a push wall that moves in the front-rear direction is provided as a load discharging device in a box body that is an outer shell of the container. 2. A container provided with a push wall moving in the front-rear direction and a movable floor board laid below the push wall as a load discharging device in a box body which is a container outer shell. 3. The container according to claim 1, wherein the pressing wall is movable by a telescopic cylinder. 4. The container according to claim 2, wherein the push wall moves synchronously with the floor plate at least in the direction of the load discharge port. 5. A container characterized in that a floor plate which can be moved back and forth by a cylinder is provided as a load discharging device or a loading device in a box which is a container outer shell. 6. The container according to claim 5, wherein a vibrator is connected to the cylinder. 7. The floor plate longitudinal movement device is separately installed near the container opening so as to be connectable to the floor plate.
A container according to any one of claims 6 to 7. 8. The container according to claim 7, wherein the fore-and-aft movement device can be transported by a forklift.