JP2002103072A - Lap laser welding method for aluminum plated steel sheet - Google Patents
Lap laser welding method for aluminum plated steel sheetInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002103072A JP2002103072A JP2000290996A JP2000290996A JP2002103072A JP 2002103072 A JP2002103072 A JP 2002103072A JP 2000290996 A JP2000290996 A JP 2000290996A JP 2000290996 A JP2000290996 A JP 2000290996A JP 2002103072 A JP2002103072 A JP 2002103072A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- plated steel
- laser welding
- laser
- welding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
- B23K26/244—Overlap seam welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/34—Coated articles, e.g. plated or painted; Surface treated articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、自動車や自動二輪
の部品、家電製品、産業機器等の製造における耐食性に
優れためっき鋼板の溶接方法に関し、詳しくは、アルミ
めっき鋼板の重ね合わせレーザ溶接方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for welding a plated steel sheet having excellent corrosion resistance in the production of parts for automobiles and motorcycles, home electric appliances, industrial equipment, and the like. About.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、自動車や自動二輪の燃料タンク等
の防錆性が必要とされる部材として鉛めっき鋼板が用い
られてきたが、近年、環境問題の点からこれに代わる素
材としてアルミめっき鋼板が使用され、めっき層の劣化
が少ないレーザ溶接を用いて重ね合わせ溶接するように
なってきた。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, lead-plated steel sheets have been used as members requiring rust prevention, such as fuel tanks for automobiles and motorcycles. However, in recent years, aluminum plating has been used as an alternative material due to environmental problems. Steel sheets have been used, and lap welding has been started using laser welding in which the plating layer is less deteriorated.
【０００３】従来、アルミめっき鋼板の重ね合わせレー
ザ溶接の溶接では、めっき層中のアルミが溶接金属中に
多量に混入してアルミの局部濃化部や鉄との金属間化合
物を形成し、溶接金属部の引張強度等の機械的特性を低
下させるという問題があった。Conventionally, in lap laser welding of aluminum-plated steel sheets, a large amount of aluminum in a plating layer is mixed into a weld metal to form a locally concentrated portion of aluminum or an intermetallic compound with iron, There is a problem that mechanical properties such as tensile strength of the metal part are reduced.
【０００４】この問題に対して、例えば、特開平９−１
５５５７５号公報では、アルミめっき鋼板のレーザ溶接
部の周囲の重ね合わせ部に隙間を設けてレーザ溶接し、
レーザ溶接時に先に溶融したアルミを逃がすことによっ
て良好なレーザ溶接部強度を得ようとする方法が開示さ
れている。In order to solve this problem, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-1
In Japanese Patent No. 55575, laser welding is performed by providing a gap in a superposed portion around a laser welded portion of an aluminum-plated steel sheet,
There is disclosed a method in which aluminum melted at the time of laser welding is allowed to escape to obtain good laser weld strength.
【０００５】また、特開平１０−７１４８０号公報で
は、亜鉛やアルミ等のめっき鋼板の重ね合わせレーザ溶
接する際に、レーザビームを２次元軌跡で特定の走査範
囲内で走査して、溶融金属を撹拌することによりレーザ
溶接部の溶接欠陥を抑制する方法が開示されている。In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-71480, when superposition laser welding of a plated steel plate such as zinc or aluminum is performed, a laser beam is scanned within a specific scanning range on a two-dimensional locus to remove molten metal. A method of suppressing welding defects in a laser welded portion by stirring is disclosed.
【０００６】特開平１０−２９６４７２号公報では、ア
ルミめっき鋼板を重ね合わせレーザ溶接する際に、酸素
を多量に含有させたシールドガスを用いることにより、
溶接時に溶融金属中の溶融アルミ、シリコン等の不要成
分を酸化物として、溶融部から排出させることにより、
接合部の強度を高める方法が開示されている。In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-296472, when a superposed aluminum-plated steel sheet is overlapped and laser-welded, a shielding gas containing a large amount of oxygen is used.
By discharging unnecessary components such as molten aluminum and silicon in the molten metal as oxides during welding,
A method for increasing the strength of a joint is disclosed.
【０００７】しかしながら、これらの従来方法では、レ
ーザ溶接時の溶接金属中のアルミの濃化を抑制して溶接
金属の引張強度を向上させることができるものの、溶接
金属が粗大なフェライト組織となり疲労強度が低下する
ことは抑制できない。例えば、振動がともなう環境で使
用される自動車及び自動二輪用燃料タンク等を製造する
際にアルミめっき鋼板の重ね合わせレーザ溶接が適用さ
れる場合は、そのレーザ溶接継手部の疲労強度特性の向
上が要求される。However, in these conventional methods, although the enrichment of aluminum in the weld metal during laser welding can be suppressed and the tensile strength of the weld metal can be improved, the weld metal has a coarse ferrite structure and has a fatigue strength. Cannot be suppressed. For example, when lap laser welding of aluminum-plated steel sheets is applied when manufacturing automobiles and motorcycle fuel tanks used in environments with vibration, the improvement of the fatigue strength characteristics of the laser welded joints is required. Required.
【０００８】また、特開平６−７９４８４号公報では、
少なくとも１つの材料が母材よりも低融点の物質からな
る被覆層を有する板材の重ね合わせ溶接において、アシ
ストガスとして不活性ガスまたは窒素ガスに、全体に対
する容積比が５〜３０％の酸素ガスを混合した混合ガス
を用いるレーザ溶接方法が記載されている。しかしなが
ら、この溶接方法は、実質的に亜鉛メッキ鋼板のレーザ
溶接を対象とするもので、アシストガス中に酸素ガスを
含有させることを特徴としている。つまり、アシストガ
ス中の酸素によりメッキ層を酸化、燃焼させてレーザビ
ーム照射部からの熱伝導で、メッキ層が気化して生じる
爆発的な現象を防止しようとするもので、レーザ溶接継
手部の引張強度及び疲労強度を向上させることを目的と
する技術でない。In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-79484,
In a lap welding of a plate material having a coating layer in which at least one material is made of a substance having a lower melting point than the base material, oxygen gas having a volume ratio of 5 to 30% to the whole is added to an inert gas or a nitrogen gas as an assist gas. A laser welding method using a mixed gas mixture is described. However, this welding method is substantially intended for laser welding of a galvanized steel sheet, and is characterized by containing oxygen gas in the assist gas. In other words, the oxygen in the assist gas oxidizes and burns the plating layer to prevent explosive phenomena caused by vaporization of the plating layer due to heat conduction from the laser beam irradiation part. It is not a technique aimed at improving tensile strength and fatigue strength.
【０００９】したがって、アルミめっき鋼板の重ね合わ
せレーザ溶接におけるレーザ溶接継手部の溶接金属の引
張強度とともに疲労強度特性を向上できるレーザ溶接技
術が望まれている。Therefore, there is a demand for a laser welding technique capable of improving the fatigue strength characteristics as well as the tensile strength of the weld metal at the laser weld joint in lap laser welding of an aluminum-plated steel sheet.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記の従来技術の問題
点に鑑みて、本発明は、アルミめっき鋼板の重ね合わせ
レーザ溶接において、めっき層中のアルミが溶接金属へ
混入することによる溶接部の引張強度の低下、及びフェ
ライト粒の粗大化による疲労強度の劣化を防止できるア
ルミめっき鋼板の重ね合わせレーザ溶接を提供すること
を目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention relates to a laser welding method for lapping aluminum-plated steel sheets. An object of the present invention is to provide superposition laser welding of an aluminum-plated steel sheet which can prevent a decrease in tensile strength and a deterioration in fatigue strength due to coarsening of ferrite grains.
【００１１】[0011]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記の課題を
解決するものであり、その要旨とするところは、以下の
通りである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the gist thereof is as follows.
【００１２】（１） アルミめっき鋼板の重ね合わせレ
ーザ溶接方法において、アシストガスとして、窒素ガス
を５０ｖｏｌ％以上含有し、その他のガスがアルゴンガ
ス、ヘリウムガスまたは炭酸ガスのうちの少なくとも１
種または２種以上である混合ガスを用いることを特徴と
するアルミめっき鋼板の重ね合わせレーザ溶接方法。(1) In the lap laser welding method for an aluminum-plated steel sheet, nitrogen gas is contained as an assist gas in an amount of 50 vol% or more, and at least one of argon gas, helium gas and carbon dioxide gas is used as an assist gas.
A superposition laser welding method for aluminum-plated steel sheets, comprising using one or more kinds of mixed gases.
【００１３】（２） 前記アルミめっき鋼板の重ね合わ
せレーザ溶接方法において、さらに、レーザビームを溶
接進行方向またはこれに直角な方向の１次元走査、ある
いは溶接進行方向及びこれに直角な方向の２次元走査を
させるとともに、その走査の範囲がレーザビームの集光
スポット径の０．５〜３倍となるように溶接進行方向に
レーザ溶接することを特徴とする上記（１）に記載のア
ルミめっき鋼板の重ね合わせレーザ溶接方法。(2) In the lap laser welding method for aluminum-plated steel sheets, a one-dimensional scanning of a laser beam in a welding progress direction or a direction perpendicular thereto, or a two-dimensional scanning in a welding progress direction and a direction perpendicular thereto. The aluminum-plated steel sheet according to the above (1), wherein scanning is performed and laser welding is performed in the welding progress direction so that the scanning range is 0.5 to 3 times the focused spot diameter of the laser beam. Laser welding method.
【００１４】（３） 前記アルミめっき鋼板の重ね合わ
せレーザ溶接方法において、さらに、溶接部の周囲のア
ルミめっき鋼板に板厚の０．１〜０．５倍の間隙を設け
ることを特徴とする上記（１）または（２）の何れかに
記載のアルミめっき鋼板の重ね合わせレーザ溶接方法。(3) In the above-mentioned laser welding method for lapping aluminum-plated steel sheets, a gap of 0.1 to 0.5 times the sheet thickness is further provided in the aluminum-plated steel sheet around the welded part. (1) The method of superposition laser welding of an aluminum-plated steel sheet according to any of (1) and (2).
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に本発明の詳細について説明
する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The details of the present invention will be described below.
【００１６】図１に、本発明のアルミめっき鋼板の重ね
合わせレーザ溶接を行う場合の実施形態の一例を示す。
また、図２に、本発明の別の実施形態の一例として、ア
ルミめっき鋼板を用いてタンクを作製する場合のフラン
ジ部の重ね合わせレーザ溶接を示す。FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment in which laser welding of aluminum-plated steel sheets of the present invention is performed by superposition.
FIG. 2 shows an overlap laser welding of a flange portion when a tank is manufactured by using an aluminum-plated steel plate as an example of another embodiment of the present invention.
【００１７】被溶接材である２枚のアルミめっき鋼板
１、２は、それらの一部が互いに密着または所定の間隙
８をもって重なり合った状態で拘束具３ａ、３ｂ及び４
ａ、４ｂにより拘束され、アルミめっき鋼板１、２の重
ね合わせ部は、レーザ照射トーチ６によってアシストガ
ス７を噴射しながらレーザビーム９の照射によって溶接
される。The two aluminum-plated steel sheets 1 and 2 which are the materials to be welded are restrained by the restraints 3a, 3b and 4 in a state where a part of them is in close contact with each other or overlaps with a predetermined gap 8.
The overlapped portions of the aluminum-plated steel plates 1 and 2 are welded by irradiation of the laser beam 9 while injecting the assist gas 7 by the laser irradiation torch 6.
【００１８】図１及び図２に示されるアシストガス７と
して、従来は、ＡｒまたはＨｅが一般的に用いられてい
た。また、上述のように特開平１０−２９６４７２号公
報等では、溶接部の強度低下を目的として酸素を多量に
含有させたアシストガスを用いることが知られている。Conventionally, Ar or He has been generally used as the assist gas 7 shown in FIGS. Further, as described above, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-296472 and the like use an assist gas containing a large amount of oxygen for the purpose of reducing the strength of a welded portion.
【００１９】これらの従来技術に対して、本発明の第一
の特徴は、アシストガスとして、窒素ガスを５０ｖｏｌ
％以上含有するガスを用いることにある。In contrast to these conventional techniques, the first feature of the present invention is that nitrogen gas is used as an assist gas at 50 vol.
% Gas or more.
【００２０】従来、窒素ガスは、非常に安価であるにも
関わらず、低炭素鋼板のレーザ溶接の場合にレーザによ
り解離または電離された窒素が溶鋼中に溶解してブロー
ホール欠陥を発生させるため、一般に利用されていなか
った。Conventionally, although nitrogen gas is very inexpensive, in the case of laser welding of a low carbon steel sheet, nitrogen dissociated or ionized by a laser dissolves in molten steel to generate blowhole defects. , Was not commonly used.
【００２１】しかしながら、本発明者らの実験等による
検討の結果、アルミめっき鋼板のＣＯ2レーザまたはＹ
ＡＧレーザ等を用いた重ね合わせレーザ溶接において
は、窒素を多量に含有したアシストガスを用いることに
より、溶融金属のブローホール欠陥の問題がないばかり
か、従来のアルミめっき鋼板の重ね合わせレーザ溶接時
の溶接金属へのアルミの混入による溶接部強度及び疲労
強度の低下を防止できることがわかった。However, as a result of examinations by the present inventors through experiments and the like, it was found that a CO 2 laser or Y
In superposition laser welding using an AG laser, etc., the use of an assist gas containing a large amount of nitrogen not only eliminates the problem of blowhole defects in the molten metal, but also prevents the conventional superposition laser welding of aluminum-plated steel sheets. It was found that the reduction of the weld strength and the fatigue strength due to the incorporation of aluminum into the weld metal can be prevented.
【００２２】従来、表裏層にアルミめっき層をもつアル
ミめっき鋼板同士を密着して重ね合わせてレーザ溶接す
ると、めっき層中のアルミが溶接金属中で局部的に濃
化、または鉄との金属間化合物を形成して溶接部の引張
強度が低下することが知られている。また、発明者らの
実験結果によれば、溶接金属中に溶けたアルミは、Ａｌ
がフェライト生成元素であるために溶接金属を粗大なフ
ェライト粒とし溶接金属の疲労強度も低下させることが
わかった。Conventionally, when aluminum-plated steel sheets having aluminum-plated layers on the front and back layers are closely adhered to each other and laser-welded, the aluminum in the plated layer is locally concentrated in the weld metal, or the aluminum between the iron and the metal is It is known that a compound is formed to lower the tensile strength of a weld. Also, according to the experimental results of the inventors, aluminum dissolved in the weld metal is Al
Is a ferrite-forming element, so that the weld metal is formed into coarse ferrite grains and the fatigue strength of the weld metal is also reduced.
【００２３】本発明のアルミめっき鋼板の重ね合わせレ
ーザ溶接において、窒素を多量に含有したアシストガス
を用いることにより、溶接金属の引張強度及び疲労強度
を向上することができる理由は、以下のように考えられ
る。The reason why the tensile strength and fatigue strength of the weld metal can be improved by using an assist gas containing a large amount of nitrogen in the lap laser welding of the aluminized steel sheet of the present invention is as follows. Conceivable.
【００２４】窒素を多量に含有したガスを噴射させなが
らアルミめっき鋼板の重ね合わせレーザ溶接を行うこと
により、溶鋼の流動性を改善してアルミの局部濃化を抑
制するとともに、溶融金属中に溶け込んだめっき層中の
アルミを、アシストガスから供給された窒素と反応させ
てアルミ窒化物とし、アルミのフェライト生成能力を失
わせ、結果的に溶接金属の引っ張り強度が向上したもの
と考えられる。また、溶鋼に多量に溶解した窒素はオー
ステナイト生成元素として働くことから溶接金属のフェ
ライト粒の生成と粗粒化を抑制することにより、結果的
に溶接金属の疲労強度が向上したものと考えられる。By superposing laser welding of aluminum-plated steel sheets while injecting a gas containing a large amount of nitrogen, the fluidity of molten steel is improved, local concentration of aluminum is suppressed, and the molten steel melts into the molten metal. It is thought that the aluminum in the plating layer was reacted with nitrogen supplied from the assist gas to form aluminum nitride, thereby losing the ability of aluminum to produce ferrite, and consequently improving the tensile strength of the weld metal. Further, since a large amount of nitrogen dissolved in the molten steel acts as an austenite-forming element, it is considered that by suppressing the formation and coarsening of ferrite grains in the weld metal, the fatigue strength of the weld metal is improved as a result.
【００２５】発明者らの実験結果等の検討結果から、以
上の溶接金属の引っ張り強度及び疲労強度の向上効果
は、アルミめっき鋼板の重ね合わせレーザ溶接の際に用
いるアシストガス中の窒素ガス濃度が５０ｖｏｌ％以上
の場合に充分発揮されることがわかっている。From the results of examinations by the inventors, such as experimental results, the above-described effects of improving the tensile strength and fatigue strength of the weld metal are due to the fact that the nitrogen gas concentration in the assist gas used in the lap laser welding of the aluminum-plated steel sheet is reduced. It is known that the effect is sufficiently exerted when the content is 50 vol% or more.
【００２６】以上から、本発明では、アルミめっき鋼板
の重ね合わせレーザ溶接の際に用いるアシストガスとし
て、窒素ガスを５０ｖｏｌ％以上、好ましくは窒素ガス
を６５ｖｏｌ％以上含有し、その他のガスがアルゴンガ
ス、ヘリウムガスまたは炭酸ガスのうちの少なくとも１
種または２種以上である混合ガスを用いることが必要で
ある。アシストガス中の窒素濃度が５０ｖｏｌ％未満に
なると、上記の溶接金属の引っ張り強度及び疲労強度の
向上効果が充分に発揮されない。As described above, in the present invention, as an assist gas used in lap laser welding of an aluminum-plated steel sheet, nitrogen gas is contained at 50 vol% or more, preferably 65 vol% or more, and the other gas is argon gas. Helium gas or carbon dioxide gas
It is necessary to use a species or a mixture of two or more species. If the nitrogen concentration in the assist gas is less than 50 vol%, the above-described effects of improving the tensile strength and fatigue strength of the weld metal cannot be sufficiently exhibited.
【００２７】また、本発明で使用するレーザ溶接時のア
シストガス中の窒素源として、空気を用いることができ
る。空気は、その組成として、通常、窒素が約８０ｖｏ
ｌ％含まれており、上記の本発明の窒素濃度範囲を満た
しており、空気をアシストガスとして用いることにより
上記の溶接金属の引っ張り強度及び溶接部強度の向上効
果が充分得られる。また、空気を、アルゴンガス、ヘリ
ウムガスまたは炭酸ガスのうちの少なくとも１種または
２種以上と混合してアシストガスとして用いる場合に
は、アシストガス中の窒素による上記の溶接金属の引っ
張り強度及び溶接部強度の向上効果を充分得るために、
アシストガス中の空気の含有量を７０ｖｏｌ％以上、好
ましくは８５ｖｏｌ％以上とする必要がある。Further, air can be used as a nitrogen source in the assist gas at the time of laser welding used in the present invention. Air typically has about 80 vol.
1%, which satisfies the above-mentioned nitrogen concentration range of the present invention, and by using air as an assist gas, the above-mentioned effects of improving the tensile strength and weld strength of the weld metal can be sufficiently obtained. When air is used as an assist gas by mixing it with at least one or more of an argon gas, a helium gas, and a carbon dioxide gas, the tensile strength and welding strength of the above weld metal due to nitrogen in the assist gas are determined. In order to sufficiently obtain the effect of improving the strength of the part,
The content of air in the assist gas must be 70 vol% or more, preferably 85 vol% or more.
【００２８】また、本発明では、上記の窒素ガスを５０
ｖｏｌ％以上含有するアシストガスを用いるとともに、
さらに、レーザビームを溶接進行方向またはこれに直角
な方向の１次元走査、あるいは溶接進行方向及びこれに
直角な方向の２次元走査させ、かつその走査の範囲がレ
ーザビームの集光スポット径の０．５〜３倍となるよう
に溶接進行方向にレーザ溶接するビームを走査しながら
アルミめっき鋼板をレーザ溶接することで溶接部の引っ
張り強度及び疲労強度をさらに向上できる。Further, in the present invention, the above-mentioned nitrogen gas
While using an assist gas containing at least vol%,
Further, the laser beam is subjected to one-dimensional scanning in the welding traveling direction or a direction perpendicular thereto, or two-dimensional scanning in the welding traveling direction and a direction perpendicular thereto, and the scanning range is 0% of the focused spot diameter of the laser beam. By laser-welding the aluminum-plated steel sheet while scanning the beam to be laser-welded in the welding progress direction so as to be 0.5 to 3 times, the tensile strength and the fatigue strength of the welded portion can be further improved.
【００２９】これは、窒素ガスを５０ｖｏｌ％以上含有
するアシストガスを用いるとともに、溶接中にレーザビ
ームを走査することによって溶接金属の溶融池を撹拌す
ることによって、溶融金属中の溶融アルミの局部的濃化
を抑制し、溶融金属中の溶解アルミと溶解窒素とのアル
ミ窒化物の形成及びアルミ窒化物の分散化を促進すると
ともに、溶接金属組織の均質化を促進するためである。This is achieved by using an assist gas containing 50% by volume or more of nitrogen gas and scanning a laser beam during welding to stir the weld pool of the weld metal, thereby locally forming molten aluminum in the molten metal. The purpose is to suppress the concentration, promote the formation of aluminum nitride of dissolved aluminum and dissolved nitrogen in the molten metal, promote the dispersal of the aluminum nitride, and promote the homogenization of the weld metal structure.
【００３０】このような効果を充分得るためには、溶接
中のレーザビームの走査の範囲をレーザビームの集光ス
ポット径の０．５〜３倍とする必要があり、レーザビー
ムの集光スポット径の０．５倍未満では、溶融金属の撹
拌が不十分なためアルミの局部的濃化を充分に防止でき
ず、レーザビームの集光スポット径の３倍を超えると溶
接時にスパッタが飛散し、またレーザビームの貫通能力
が低下するので必要溶融深さが得られない。In order to sufficiently obtain such an effect, it is necessary to set the scanning range of the laser beam during welding to 0.5 to 3 times the focused spot diameter of the laser beam. When the diameter is less than 0.5 times, the local concentration of aluminum cannot be sufficiently prevented due to insufficient stirring of the molten metal, and when the diameter exceeds 3 times the focused spot diameter of the laser beam, spatters are scattered during welding. In addition, the required melting depth cannot be obtained because the laser beam penetration ability is reduced.
【００３１】レーザビームの走査方向は溶接進行方向に
対し直角または平行とし、そして走査法は等速往復運動
または単振動とすることができる。溶接進行方向に直角
かつ等速往復運動の１次元走査とする場合、ビームの中
心は図４のような軌跡を描くこととなる。また、レーザ
ビームの基準軸を中心とした円運動の２次元走査とする
場合、ビームの中心は図５のような軌跡を描くこととな
る。The scanning direction of the laser beam is perpendicular or parallel to the welding direction, and the scanning method can be a constant reciprocating motion or a simple vibration. In the case of one-dimensional scanning in a reciprocating motion at a constant speed perpendicular to the welding traveling direction, the center of the beam follows a locus as shown in FIG. In the case of two-dimensional scanning in a circular motion around the reference axis of the laser beam, the center of the beam follows a locus as shown in FIG.
【００３２】本発明では、上記の窒素ガスを５０ｖｏｌ
％以上含有するアシストガスを用いるとともに、さら
に、溶接部の周囲のアルミめっき鋼板に板厚の０．１〜
０．５倍の間隙を設けてレーザ溶接することで溶接部の
引っ張り強度及び疲労強度をさらに向上できる。In the present invention, the above-mentioned nitrogen gas is supplied at 50 vol.
% Of an assist gas containing at least 0.1%
By providing a 0.5 times gap and performing laser welding, the tensile strength and fatigue strength of the welded portion can be further improved.
【００３３】これは、窒素ガスを５０ｖｏｌ％以上含有
するアシストガスを用いるとともに、溶接部の周囲のア
ルミめっき鋼板に板厚の０．１〜０．５倍の間隙を設け
てレーザ溶接することによって、前述の溶接金属中への
窒素溶解によるフェライト結晶粒の粗粒化の抑制ととも
に、低融点のアルミを間隙から逃がすことにより溶接金
属中のアルミの局部的濃化を効果的に抑制するためであ
る。This is accomplished by using an assist gas containing 50 vol% or more of nitrogen gas and providing a gap of 0.1 to 0.5 times the thickness of the aluminum-plated steel sheet around the welded portion by laser welding. In addition to suppressing the coarsening of ferrite crystal grains due to the dissolution of nitrogen in the weld metal as described above, the local concentration of aluminum in the weld metal is effectively suppressed by allowing low melting point aluminum to escape from the gap. is there.
【００３４】本発明において、溶接部の周囲のアルミめ
っき鋼板の隙間を板厚の０．１〜０．５倍としたのは、
０．１倍未満では、低融点のアルミを間隙から逃がして
溶接金属中のアルミの局部的濃化を抑制する充分な効果
を得られず、０．５倍を超えると、隙間への溶融金属の
流れ込みによるアンダービードの問題が生じるためであ
る。In the present invention, the gap between the aluminum-plated steel sheet around the welded portion is set to be 0.1 to 0.5 times the sheet thickness because:
If it is less than 0.1 times, the low melting point aluminum cannot escape from the gap to obtain a sufficient effect of suppressing the local concentration of aluminum in the weld metal, and if it exceeds 0.5 times, the molten metal into the gap cannot be obtained. This causes the problem of under-beads due to the flow of water.
【００３５】[0035]
【実施例】以下に本発明の効果を以下の実施例により説
明する。EXAMPLES The effects of the present invention will be described below with reference to the following examples.
【００３６】図６に実機試験に用いた被接合材であるア
ルミめっき鋼板のレーザ溶接継手の平面図と側面図を示
す。図６に示した片面当たり目付量３０ｇｒ／ｍ2で両
面に溶融めっきされた板厚０．８ｍｍのアルミめっき鋼
板１、２の重ね合わせ部を表１または表２に示すシール
ドガス、重ね合わせ部の隙間８、レーザビームの走査条
件、溶接速度でＣＯ2レーザまたはＹＡＧレーザにより
溶接し、溶接継手の引っ張り強度及び疲労強度を評価し
た。FIG. 6 shows a plan view and a side view of a laser-welded joint of an aluminum-plated steel sheet as a material to be joined used in the actual machine test. The overlapping portions of the aluminum-plated steel sheets 1 and 2 having a thickness of 0.8 mm and having a basis weight of 30 gr / m 2 on one side shown in FIG. 6 and having a thickness of 0.8 mm are shown in Table 1 or Table 2. Was welded with a CO 2 laser or a YAG laser at a gap 8 of a laser beam scanning condition and a welding speed, and the tensile strength and fatigue strength of the welded joint were evaluated.
【００３７】なお、レーザ溶接条件としては、ＣＯ2レ
ーザの場合は、レーザ発振出力を５ｋＷ、溶接速度を３
ｍ／ｍｉｎとし、ＹＡＧレーザの場合は、レーザ発振出
力を３ｋＷ、溶接速度を２ｍ／ｍｉｎの一定条件とし
た。また、レーザビームの焦点距離は、レーザビームを
走査する場合は、２５０ｍｍ、走査しない場合は、２０
０ｍｍとした。As for the laser welding conditions, in the case of a CO 2 laser, the laser oscillation output was 5 kW and the welding speed was 3
m / min, and in the case of a YAG laser, the laser oscillation output was 3 kW and the welding speed was 2 m / min. The focal length of the laser beam is 250 mm when the laser beam is scanned, and 20 mm when the laser beam is not scanned.
0 mm.
【００３８】ＣＯ2レーザ、ＹＡＧレーザともにレーザ
ビームは、鋼板直上に集光し、その集光スポット径は約
０．５ｍｍであった。溶接ビード５が１０ｍｍ長の重ね
合わせ部の先端から５ｍｍの位置に形成されるように溶
接した。Both the CO 2 laser and the YAG laser focused the laser beam directly on the steel plate, and the focused spot diameter was about 0.5 mm. The welding was performed so that the weld bead 5 was formed at a position 5 mm from the tip of the overlapped portion having a length of 10 mm.
【００３９】表１及び表２中に示された静的引張強度
は、母材強度の９０％以上のものを良好(○)、９０％未
満８０％以上をやや不良(△)、８０％以下を不良(×)と
して判定した。また、レーザ溶接継手の疲労試験は、荷
重比０(＝最低荷重／最高荷重)、周波数１Ｈｚの完全片
振りで行い、２万回振動したときの疲労強度を求めた。The static tensile strength shown in Tables 1 and 2 is good (○) when the strength is 90% or more of the base material strength, slightly poor (△) when the strength is less than 90% and 80% or more, and 80% or less. Was determined as poor (x). In addition, the fatigue test of the laser welded joint was performed with a complete pulsation at a load ratio of 0 (= minimum load / maximum load) and a frequency of 1 Hz, and the fatigue strength when vibrated 20,000 times was obtained.
【００４０】表１及び表２中に示された疲労強度は、シ
ールドガスとして純Ａｒを使用し、鋼板を隙間を設けず
に密着させて重ね合わせ溶接した場合のレーザ溶接継手
の２万回疲労強度を１．０とし、この疲労強度に対する
相対的な疲労強度を示す。The fatigue strengths shown in Tables 1 and 2 indicate the 20,000 times fatigue of laser welded joints when pure Ar was used as a shielding gas and steel plates were welded together without any gaps. When the strength is set to 1.0, the relative fatigue strength to the fatigue strength is shown.
【００４１】表１は、ＣＯ2レーザを用いた場合のレー
ザ溶接継手の試験結果を示す。また、表２には、ＹＡＧ
レーザをを用いた場合のレーザ溶接継手の試験結果を示
す。Table 1 shows the test results of laser welded joints when using a CO 2 laser. Table 2 shows that YAG
The test result of the laser welding joint when using a laser is shown.
【００４２】表１及び表２から、シールドガス、重ね合
わせ部の隙間、レーザビームの走査範囲が本発明の範囲
内である発明例（表１のＮｏ．４〜８、表２のＮｏ．７
〜１１）は、本発明の範囲から外れる比較例（表１のＮ
ｏ．１〜３、表２のＮｏ．１〜６）に比べて溶接金属の
静的引張強度及び疲労強度がともに優れたレーザ溶接継
手が得られた。From Tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that the shielding gas, the gap between the overlapping portions, and the scanning range of the laser beam are within the scope of the present invention (Examples 4 to 8 in Table 1 and No. 7 in Table 2).
To 11) are comparative examples (N in Table 1) out of the scope of the present invention.
o. Nos. 1 to 3 and Table 2 Laser welded joints in which both the static tensile strength and the fatigue strength of the weld metal were superior to those of 1-6) were obtained.
【００４３】[0043]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００４４】[0044]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００４５】[0045]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、アルミめっき鋼板の重
ね合わせレーザ溶接において、溶接金属の静的引張強度
及び疲労強度をともに向上させることができ、自動車産
業上利するところ甚大である。According to the present invention, it is possible to improve both the static tensile strength and the fatigue strength of the weld metal in lap laser welding of an aluminum-plated steel sheet, which is extremely advantageous for the automobile industry.
【図１】本発明のアルミめっき鋼板の重ね合わせレーザ
溶接方法の実施形態の一例を示す模式図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of an embodiment of a lap laser welding method for an aluminum-plated steel sheet according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明のアルミめっき鋼板の重ね合わせレーザ
溶接方法の実施形態の一例を示す模式図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of an embodiment of the laser welding method for lapping aluminum-plated steel sheets of the present invention.
【図３】本発明のレーザビームの走査を行わない場合の
実施形態の一例を示す模式図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an embodiment of the present invention when scanning with a laser beam is not performed.
【図４】本発明のレーザビームの走査を行う場合の走査
パターンの実施形態の一例を示す模式図である。FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an example of a scanning pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention when scanning with a laser beam.
【図５】本発明のレーザビームの走査を行う場合の走査
パターンの実施形態の一例を示す模式図である。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a scanning pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention when scanning with a laser beam.
【図６】本発明の溶接継手を示す図であり、（ａ）は平
面図、（ｂ）は側面図である。FIG. 6 is a view showing a welded joint of the present invention, wherein (a) is a plan view and (b) is a side view.
１、２ アルミめっき鋼板 ３、３ａ、３ｂ 拘束具 ４、４ａ、４ｂ 拘束具 ５ 溶接ビード(溶接部) ６ レーザ照射トーチ ７ アシストガス ８ 重ね合わせ部の間隙 ９ レーザビーム １０レーザビーム軌跡 1, 2 aluminized steel sheet 3, 3a, 3b restraint 4, 4a, 4b restraint 5 welding bead (welded portion) 6 laser irradiation torch 7 assist gas 8 gap of overlapping portion 9 laser beam 10 laser beam locus
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 宮崎 康信 富津市新富20−１ 新日本製鐵株式会社技 術開発本部内 (72)発明者 田中 隆 富津市新富20−１ 新日本製鐵株式会社技 術開発本部内 (72)発明者 小原 昌弘 大分市大字西ノ州１番地 新日本製鐵株式 会社大分製鐵所内 (72)発明者 近藤 正恒 愛知県豊田市トヨタ町１番地 トヨタ自動 車株式会社内 Ｆターム(参考） 4E068 CE02 DA14 DB01 DB15 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yasunobu Miyazaki 20-1 Shintomi, Futtsu City Nippon Steel Corporation Technology Development Division (72) Inventor Takashi Tanaka 20-1 Shintomi, Futtsu City Nippon Steel Corporation Inside the Technology Development Division (72) Inventor Masahiro Ohara 1 Oshino-shi, Oita, Nippon Steel Corporation Inside Oita Works (72) Inventor Masanori Kondo 1-Toyota-cho, Toyota-shi, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Motor Corporation F-term (reference) 4E068 CE02 DA14 DB01 DB15
Claims (3)
接方法において、アシストガスとして、窒素ガスを５０
ｖｏｌ％以上含有し、その他のガスがアルゴンガス、ヘ
リウムガスまたは炭酸ガスのうちの少なくとも１種また
は２種以上である混合ガスを用いることを特徴とするア
ルミめっき鋼板の重ね合わせレーザ溶接方法。In the lap laser welding method for aluminized steel sheet, nitrogen gas is used as an assist gas.
A method for superposing laser welding of aluminum-plated steel sheets, wherein a mixed gas containing at least vol.% and at least one of argon gas, helium gas and carbon dioxide gas is used as the other gas.
ザ溶接方法において、さらに、レーザビームを溶接進行
方向またはこれに直角な方向の１次元走査、あるいは溶
接進行方向及びこれに直角な方向の２次元走査をさせる
とともに、その走査の範囲がレーザビームの集光スポッ
ト径の０．５〜３倍となるように溶接進行方向にレーザ
溶接することを特徴とする請求項１に記載のアルミめっ
き鋼板の重ね合わせレーザ溶接方法。2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of performing one-dimensional scanning of the laser beam in a welding direction or a direction perpendicular thereto, or two-dimensional scanning in a welding direction or a direction perpendicular thereto. 2. The lamination of the aluminized steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein laser welding is performed in a welding direction so that the scanning range is 0.5 to 3 times the focused spot diameter of the laser beam. Laser welding method.
ザ溶接方法において、さらに、溶接部の周囲のアルミめ
っき鋼板に板厚の０．１〜０．５倍の間隙を設けること
を特徴とする請求項１または請求項２の何れかに記載の
アルミめっき鋼板の重ね合わせレーザ溶接方法。3. The method of lap laser welding of an aluminum-plated steel sheet, further comprising providing a gap of 0.1 to 0.5 times the thickness of the aluminum-plated steel sheet around the welded portion. 3. The method for laser welding of superposed aluminum-plated steel sheets according to claim 1.
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000290996A JP3533450B2 (en) | 2000-09-25 | 2000-09-25 | Lamination laser welding method of aluminum plated steel plate |
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| JP3533450B2 JP3533450B2 (en) | 2004-05-31 |
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| JP2004017161A (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2004-01-22 | L'air Liquide Sa Pour L'etude & L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Use of helium/nitrogen gas mixture in up to 8kw laser welding |
| US6815635B2 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2004-11-09 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et, L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Use of helium/nitrogen gas mixtures for laser welding tailored blanks |
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| JP2014531322A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-11-27 | ウイスコ テイラード ブランクス ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＷＩＳＣＯ Ｔａｉｌｏｒｅｄ Ｂｌａｎｋｓ ＧｍｂＨ | Method and apparatus for joint welding of coated sheet metal |
| CN107262929A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-10-20 | 余小刚 | A kind of welding alignment device and the welding method based on the device |
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| JPS60210386A (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1985-10-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Method and device for laser welding |
| JPH05169288A (en) * | 1991-12-16 | 1993-07-09 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Laser beam welding device |
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| JPH06328279A (en) * | 1993-05-24 | 1994-11-29 | Toshiba Corp | Laser welding method |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004017160A (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2004-01-22 | L'air Liquide Sa Pour L'etude & L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Use of helium/nitrogen gas mixture in up to 12kw laser welding |
| JP2004017161A (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2004-01-22 | L'air Liquide Sa Pour L'etude & L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Use of helium/nitrogen gas mixture in up to 8kw laser welding |
| US6770841B2 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2004-08-03 | L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme {overscore (a)} Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude | Use of helium/nitrogen gas mixtures in up to 8kW laser welding |
| US6815635B2 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2004-11-09 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et, L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Use of helium/nitrogen gas mixtures for laser welding tailored blanks |
| JP2012228715A (en) * | 2011-04-26 | 2012-11-22 | Toyota Motor Corp | Laser welding apparatus and laser welding method |
| JP2014531322A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-11-27 | ウイスコ テイラード ブランクス ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＷＩＳＣＯ Ｔａｉｌｏｒｅｄ Ｂｌａｎｋｓ ＧｍｂＨ | Method and apparatus for joint welding of coated sheet metal |
| US9468995B2 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2016-10-18 | Wisco Tailored Blanks Gmbh | Method and device for joint-welding coated metal sheets |
| CN102689096A (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2012-09-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for laser-induced self-propagating connection between carbon fiber reinforced aluminum-based composite and metal |
| KR101368631B1 (en) | 2013-01-17 | 2014-03-07 | 국립대학법인 울산과학기술대학교 산학협력단 | Laser welding quality improvement by controlling the direction of welding with respect to part-to-part gap |
| CN107262929A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-10-20 | 余小刚 | A kind of welding alignment device and the welding method based on the device |
| CN111347160A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-06-30 | 苏州大学 | Welding method of aluminum-plated steel-aluminum alloy |
| CN111347160B (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2022-06-10 | 苏州大学 | Welding method of aluminum-plated steel-aluminum alloy |
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| JP3533450B2 (en) | 2004-05-31 |
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