JP2002102737A - Crusher, and treatment process of cemented wood board using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crusher capable of simply crushing an object to be treated without applying any strong impact force to the object and also to provide a cemented wood board treatment process using the crusher, by which a cement mortar part of the board can easily be separated from the board without finely disintegrating a wood part of the board, to obtain the wood part and a cement mortar part in their respective recyclable states. SOLUTION: This crusher is provided with plural rotary shafts each of which has plural projecting blades and which are placed parallel to each other, and used for crushing an object to be treated, with mainly shear and bending stress, caused by reversely rotating every adjacent two of the plural parallel rotary shafts to each other. This treatment process using the crusher comprises: crushing a cemented wood board with the crusher to obtain a crushed material; grinding the crushed material to obtain a ground material; and classifying the ground material into a cement mortar part and a wood part at a <=2 mm particle size as the border size.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a processing method for separating wood and cement mortar from a wood cement board and reusing the same, and a crushing apparatus suitable for the processing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the past, most of construction waste generated from construction sites and the like has been disposed of by landfill or incineration without being reused. However, in recent years, from the viewpoint of resource depletion as a measure to cope with the depletion of disposal sites and the recycling-oriented social structure, the collection and reuse of valuable resources from construction waste has been actively studied. Was. Among the construction waste materials that have not been recycled yet are wood cement boards. Wood cement boards are mainly made by bonding wood chips or plywood with cement mortar, and even when disintegrated, cement mortar mass adheres to the wood chips, so to find a promising utilization destination for itself Most of them are landfilled because of the difficulty. In the current situation in which it is difficult to directly reuse a wood cement board itself, it is possible to recycle the components of the wood cement board, sort them out, and find the optimum use for each.

[0003] When recycling the components of a wood cement board, it is necessary to separate the wood cement board into wood and cement mortar. A relatively simple method of this separation is to crush the wood cement board. When the wood cement board is crushed, the cement mortar bonded and hardened to the wood is peeled off. In general, this peeling is more likely to occur as the impact force at the time of crushing increases and the crushing time increases.

[0004]

However, when a strong impact is applied during crushing, the wood part is easily broken into pieces, and the use of wood in such a state is severely restricted, and the wood particles are contained in the peeled cement mortar. Is easily mixed in, and when cement mortar is reused, its separation is also required. With conventional crushing and crushing methods, crushing and crushing mainly proceed due to impact force, so wood is easily fragmented, while if the impact force is excessively weakened, peeling of cement mortar from wood does not progress . As long as the conventional crushing and crushing methods are used, it has been extremely difficult to adjust and control the conditions suitable for separating the components of the wood cement board. Also, cement mortar is usually
Since it is uniformly applied to the entire wooden board, it is substantially impossible to sufficiently separate cement mortar pieces and thin layers remaining and fixed on the surface only by crushing or crushing.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of repeated investigations for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found that, without giving a strong impact force,
Mainly by shearing and bending stress, we found a device that can crush the object to be treated without completely crushing it, and by using this device, we can easily crush the cement mortar mass while suppressing the crushing of wood from the wood cement board. The wood, which can be peeled off, and on which the cement mortar obtained by using the device remains adhered, is ground by a mill under specific conditions, so that the wood and the wood debris in which the amount of cement mortar attached is significantly reduced can be mixed. The present invention was completed because it was possible to easily separate and collect almost no cement mortar powder.

That is, the present invention is a crushing device represented by the following (1) and (2) and a method for treating a wood cement board represented by (3) and (6) using this device. (1) A plurality of rotating shafts having a plurality of protruding blades on the surface are arranged in parallel at the same height, and when the rotating shaft rotates, the protruding blades on the rotating shaft and the adjacent rotating shaft and on the rotating shaft A device having a structure in which the protruding blades intersect so as to enter the protruding blade gap on the adjacent rotating shaft without contacting, and the adjacent rotating shafts rotate in opposite directions at the same or different rotational speeds, and crush the material to be crushed. A crushing apparatus characterized in that crushing is performed by being put between rotating shafts. (2) The crushing apparatus according to (1), further including a screen having an aperture of 15 mm or more and 50 mm or less below the rotation shaft arrangement portion. (3) A wood cement, wherein the wood cement board is crushed by the crushing device of (1) or (2), and then the crushed material is ground, and the crushed material is classified based on a classification value of 2 mm or less. Plate processing method.
(4) The method for treating a wood cement board according to (3), wherein the grinding is performed using a grinding medium having a specific gravity of 4 or less.
(5) The above (3) or (4), wherein a classified material having a particle size equal to or smaller than a classification value obtained by the classification is used as a cement raw material.
Wood cement board processing method. (6) The method for treating a wood cement board according to the above (3) or (4), wherein the classified material having a particle size exceeding the obtained classification value is used as a raw material for the wood cement board.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The structure of the crushing apparatus according to the present invention is such that a plurality of rotating shafts are provided in parallel at the same height. It is desirable that each rotating shaft has a cylindrical shape of the same size from the viewpoint of convenience in design and use, but rotating shafts having different diameters may be used. In the latter case, they are arranged so that the height is the same at the upper end surface of the rotating shaft. The number of rotating shafts provided in the crushing apparatus is usually two, but may be three or more. It is assumed that each rotating shaft rotates in a direction opposite to the rotating direction of the adjacent rotating shaft. The rotation is performed by a driving device such as a motor, and the rotation speed is desirably variable. The rotation speeds of the rotating shafts may be the same or different.

[0008] There are a plurality of protruding blades on the surface of each rotating shaft. It is preferable that the number of the protruding blades is large because the processing efficiency is increased. Although the shape of the projection blade is not particularly limited, for example,
The shape may be a flat plate, a round bar, a square bar, a cone, a hemisphere, an ellipsoid, or the like. The cutting edge does not necessarily have to be sharp. Usually, the protruding blades on the rotating shaft are generally the same size and shape as the protruding blades, and the size and the existing position on the rotating shaft are not contacted with the adjacent rotating shaft and the protruding blades on the rotating shaft. , And at least while the rotating shaft is rotating,
The protruding blades on the rotating shaft are present so as to enter into and intersect with the protruding blade gap on the other rotating shaft. To achieve such a state, for example, projection blades having a desired shape are installed at equal intervals so as to form a row in the axial direction of the rotation shaft. On the rotating shaft adjacent thereto, similar protruding blades are arranged at regular intervals in a row so that the protruding blades of the other shaft are opposed to each other at the gap position. The installation interval (interval of the gap) between the projection blades is set to be longer than at least the width of the projection blade. It is desirable that the specific dimensions of the protruding blades and the values of the installation intervals are appropriately determined according to the object to be crushed, and the degree of crushing of the objects to be crushed is also generally adjusted by selecting the shape dimensions of the protruding blades and the values of the installation intervals. be able to.

In order to crush the object with the crushing apparatus as described above, the rotating shaft is rotated and the object to be crushed is put between the rotating shafts. Considering the degree of freedom of the size of the object to be crushed, it is more preferable to adopt a structure in which the distance between the rotating shafts can be slightly changed.

[0010] The crushing apparatus of the present invention preferably has a screen having an aperture of 15 mm or more and 50 mm or less below the rotary shaft installation portion. The crushed material that has been crushed through the rotating shaft falls onto the screen, and the maximum particle size of the crushed material obtained by the crushing device is determined by the size of the openings of the screen. As the screen itself, a known screen generally used in a crushing facility or the like can be used.

Further, the present invention is a method for treating a wood cement board using the crushing apparatus. The target wood cement board is not particularly limited, but one generated as construction waste material is preferable. At this time, if the target wood cement board is coarse, approximately 5
It is desirable that the size be not more than 00 mm.

Place the wood cement board 15 m below the rotating shaft.
Crushing is carried out using the crushing apparatus provided with a screen having an opening of not less than m and not more than 50 mm. 50 screen openings
If it is larger than mm, the wood after crushing will be relatively large, but the peeling of the cement mortar will be insufficient. If the screen opening is less than 15 mm, the peeling of the cement mortar proceeds, but it is not preferable because the wood is crushed into small pieces and it becomes difficult to obtain long woods worthy of recycling. Also, the interval between the protruding blades on the rotating shaft is preferably 2
0 to 80 mm. If the interval between the protruding blades is smaller than this, the long wood part will be too small and crushed, and in the grinding process after crushing, small pieces of wood will be included in the cement mortar powder, making it difficult to separate, and reuse of wood cement boards It is not preferable because a piece of wood suitable for the size cannot be obtained, and if the interval between the protruding blades is longer than this, unless the width of the protruding blade is increased, the crushed material becomes too large, and cement from the wood becomes too large. It is not preferable because the peeling of the mortar part hardly proceeds. It is not preferable that both the width and the interval of the protruding blade are significantly increased, because the crushing efficiency is reduced.

In order to make the wood portion of the crushed material suitable for reuse, it is necessary to further remove cement mortar remaining on the wood surface. In this method, in order to prevent further demolition of the wood part, the crushed material is ground and the remaining cement mortar is scraped from the wood. The grinding method may be any method as long as the applied impact force is small, but is preferably performed by a tube mill or a ball mill. In the case of grinding with a tube mill or a ball mill, the grinding medium is preferably made of a material having a higher hardness than cement mortar and a material having a specific gravity of about 4 or less, for example, alumina balls. If a medium such as an iron ball having a large specific gravity is used, the wood may be crushed by a strong impact force, which is not preferable. Further, a medium having a hardness lower than that of cement mortar is not preferable because abrasion of the medium itself proceeds. In this attrition treatment, the cement mortar separated from the wood is also pulverized, and in general, the longer the attrition time, the finer the particles.

The ground material after the grinding can be classified and the wood and cement mortar powder can be separated and collected. The classification method is not limited, but may be usually sieving, preferably by using a sieve having an opening of 2.0 mm or less, more preferably by using a sieve having an opening of 0.3 mm or less, a wood piece, a sieve as a residue on the sieve. Cement mortar powder can be obtained as a passing amount. Since the collected wood pieces have been removed from cement mortar to the extent that there is no practical problem,
Reuse as raw material for wood cement board. In addition, since cement mortar powder hardly contains wood chips, it can be used as a raw material for cement production without performing any particular treatment.

[0015]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples. Using the crushing apparatus described below, the wood cement board carried out as construction waste was treated and recycled as described below.

<Crushing Device> The crushing device to be used has a pair of cylindrical rotary shafts having a diameter of 80 mm and an effective crushing length of 985 mm arranged in parallel on the same horizontal plane so as to have a center-to-center distance of 200 mm. The shafts rotate in opposite directions at the same rotational speed. 20mm diameter on one rotating shaft,
A round bar-shaped protruding blade having a length of 100 mm protrudes in the vertical direction from the surface of the rotating shaft, and 11 bars are arranged in a row at intervals of 90 mm between the centers of the respective rods.列 are arranged in four rows for each 、, and although the same round bar-shaped protruding blade as the above-mentioned rotary shaft is similarly arranged on the other rotary shaft, each protruding blade is entirely formed in the rotary shaft direction. It is located at a position shifted by 25 mm in the axial direction from the projection blade installation position on the rotation axis. Further, below the rotating shaft disposition portion, there is an opening 2 where all the crushed material after passing between the rotating shafts falls.
A 0 mm screen is provided. An inlet for the crushed material is provided just above the rotating shaft, and a discharge outlet for the crushed material passing through the screen is provided below the screen.

<Recycling treatment of wood cement board> Size: about 50 × 75 × 25 mm to about 450 × 500 × 25 mm
Wood cement board (Type: about 25 mm thick single-sided board)
Using the crushing device, the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 90rpm
To obtain a crushed product. The crushed material is about 500 mm in inner diameter and about 300 mm in length consisting of an inner wall made of alumina-based material.
Φ25 ball of the same material as the cylindrical mill (specific gravity 3.90)
And dry grinding was performed at a ball filling amount of about 10% by volume, a crushed material filling amount of about 15% by volume, and a grinding time of 10 to 20 minutes. After grinding, remove the contents, remove the balls,
The taken out contents were sieved with a sieve screen having an opening of 0.3 mm, the residue on the sieve was collected as wood, and the material passed through the sieve was collected as cement mortar. The ratio of the recovered material was 68.5% by weight of the residue on the sieve at a grinding time of 10 minutes.
Wt.), 65.6 wt.
(34.4% by weight of the product passed through the sieve), and after 10 minutes of grinding, the residue on the sieve was 60.1% by weight (39.9% by weight of the product passed through the sieve).

The recovered wood was returned to the wood cement board manufacturing process, and about 10% (in terms of weight) of the raw wood was replaced with the recovered wood to manufacture a wood cement board in the same manner as the conventional method. Various properties shown in Table 1 were measured for the obtained wood cement board. In addition, a commercially available wood cement board manufactured without using recovered wood as a raw material (type: a single-sided board having a thickness of about 25 mm and almost the same quality as that used for the building)
The same characteristics were measured for and compared with the wood cement board using recovered wood as a raw material. As shown in Table 1, there was no clear difference in characteristics. In addition, 5 parts by weight of the recovered cement mortar was added to 100 parts by weight of the raw material for firing ordinary Portland cement clinker, and this was baked in a rotary kiln under the same conditions as the conventional raw material for firing normal Portland cement clinker. The mineral phase, color development, etc. were almost the same as those of the conventional ordinary Portland cement clinker.

[0019]

[Table 1]

[0020]

According to the crushing apparatus of the present invention, the cement mortar mass bonded to the surface can be efficiently and quickly peeled off mainly by shearing and bending stress without finely disintegrating the wood part of the wood cement board. In addition, according to the method of processing wood cement board using this apparatus, wood can be easily separated and collected from the wood cement board in a reusable state as a wood raw material for a new wood cement board. The cement mortar can be easily separated and collected in a state suitable for reuse as a raw material for producing cement.

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (reference) B02C 23/16 B02C 23/16 C04B 20/02 ZAB C04B 20/02 ZABZ 28/02 ZAB 28/02 ZAB // (C04B 28/02 (C04B 28/02 18:26 18:26 18:16) 18:16) (72) Inventor Norifumi Nagata 6276 Onoda, Oda, Onoda City, Yamaguchi Prefecture Taihei Hiroshi Cement Co., Ltd. Environmental Technology Development Center F-term ( Reference) 4D063 CC01 CC07 FF02 FF34 GA10 GC14 GC17 GD24 4D067 CG09 EE13 EE17 GA20 4G012 PA30 PA34

Claims (6)

[Claims] A plurality of rotating shafts having a plurality of protruding blades on the surface are arranged in parallel at the same height, and the protruding blades on the rotating shaft are arranged such that when the rotating shaft rotates, the adjacent rotating shaft and the rotating shaft are rotated. This is a device with a structure that intersects with the upper protruding blade so as to enter into the gap between the protruding blades on adjacent rotating shafts without contacting the adjacent protruding blades. A crushing apparatus characterized in that crushing is performed by putting an object between rotating shafts. 2. 15 mm below the rotation axis arrangement site
The crushing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a screen having an aperture of at least 50 mm. 3. A wood characterized by crushing a wood cement board with the crushing device according to claim 1 or 2, crushing the crushed material, and classifying the crushed material at a classification value of 2 mm or less. Processing method of cement board. 4. The method for treating a wood cement board according to claim 3, wherein the grinding is performed using a grinding medium having a specific gravity of 4 or less. 5. The method for treating a wood cement board according to claim 3, wherein a classified material having a particle size equal to or smaller than a classification value obtained by the classification is used as a cement raw material. 6. The method for treating a wood cement board according to claim 3, wherein the classified material having a particle size exceeding the obtained classification value is used as a raw material for the wood cement board.