JP2002101751A - Method for prouducing vegetation mat - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a vegetation mat with a lawn mat strongly root-entwined with a net material and high shape-retainability at low cost for a short period. SOLUTION: This method for producing a vegetation mat 1 comprises such processes that a net material 2 with flexibility and the scale of mesh through which the foliage of lawn passes is laid on a field S where lawns 4 are growing, joint soil 6 is scattered on the resultant field, the joint soil 6 is served as a bed soil, and at a phase when the lawn mat 3 grown through letting the lawn mat take root and germinate from the lawn stalks and also from the runner in the bed soil is root-entwined with the net material 2, the net material 2 attached with the lawn mat is peeled off from the field.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a vegetation mat for protecting vegetation on, for example, slopes of river embankments, cuts, embankments, and the like, and riverbeds.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in the revetment of a slope of a river embankment, instead of the conventional block construction method in which a concrete block is stuck to the slope of a levee, in recent years, from the viewpoint of landscape such as formation of a hydrophilic revetment, a lawn is constructed. There is a growing demand for the formation of seawalls.

In order to meet this demand, it is necessary to prepare a large number of vegetation mats made of lawn. Therefore, the present applicant has proposed a method for producing a large amount of vegetation mats as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 11-181262. (However, it is not a publicly known public use).

In this method of manufacturing a vegetation mat, a flexible net material is laid in a field, and a lawn mat grown separately in a field is spread over the net material. At the stage of entanglement, the net material with the lawn mat is peeled off from the field. According to this method, the strong surface layer of the lawn mat is firmly entangled with the net material. Can be obtained in large quantities.

When this vegetation mat is used, for example, for vegetation revetment on a river slope, the vegetation mat is spread over the slope and fixed with an anchor or the like, so that the lawn mat is firmly attached to the net material. Therefore, the lawn mat can be effectively firmly adhered to the slope through the net material.Therefore, even if the river rises immediately after construction, the vegetation mat is easily peeled off by running water. Immediately after the construction, it began to exhibit the function of high water revetment, and the lawn mat is firmly rooted on the slope over time. Slope erosion is also effectively prevented.

[0006]

However, in the method for producing a vegetation mat according to this proposal, in order to obtain a large amount of the vegetation mat having the above-mentioned excellent functions, a separate field for growing a lawn mat is required widely. And
It took about half a year to harvest the vegetation mat, in which the roots of the lawn mat were firmly entangled with the net material.

[0007] In the above-mentioned manufacturing method, while the net material is laid in the field, a lawn mat grown separately in the field is harvested and transported, and the lawn mat is spread over the net material in several steps. , There is a problem that the production cost of the vegetation mat becomes high.

[0008] The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a vegetation mat that is functionally the same as the vegetation mat produced by the above-described proposal, and has a field area of half. In addition to this, there is a need to provide a method that can be manufactured in a short period of time and at low cost.

[0009]

That is, in the lawn, foliage grows from the root stock, and in addition to the runners extending and growing in the field scene, the stems are covered with soil. Also grows by rooting and germinating from the stem itself.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to this point. According to the first aspect of the present invention, the flexibility of the joints through which the foliage of the lawn passes in the field scene where the lawn is growing is provided. A vegetation mat is manufactured by laying a net material having the laying material thereon and sprinkling a mesh thereon.

[0011] According to the method for producing a vegetation mat, roots and germinations are formed from the stalks of the lawn in the floor soil, and the roots are firmly entangled with the net material. I do.

From the results of the experiment, it can be seen that the harvest period of the vegetation mat strongly rooted in the net material is significantly longer than that of the above-mentioned proposed method for producing a vegetation mat in which a lawn mat grown separately in a field is transplanted. This is because it takes a considerable time for the transplanted lawn mat to take root in the field, whereas if the lawn itself is already rooted and growing in the field, the lawn mat will quickly become In addition, it is a proof that the roots protrude from the stem of the lawn and germinate and grow.

Therefore, according to the method for producing a vegetation mat according to the present invention, since a separate field is not required and the production process is simple, it is functionally different from the vegetation mat obtained by the above-mentioned proposal. Vegetation mats can be produced in a short period of time and at low cost.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the vegetation mat is manufactured for the field scene where the lawn is growing, but as described in the second aspect, after the lawn is peeled off. For the field scene where the rhizome of the lawn remains,
In this field scene, a cultivation mode may be adopted in which a net material having a flexible fit for the passage of the lawn foliage is laid, and the soil is sprayed thereon.

In this case, the vegetation mat is manufactured based on rooting and germination from the remaining lawn rhizome, and it takes a long time to grow the foliage from the remaining rhizome. Although the harvesting period of the vegetation mat strongly rooted in the net material is slightly longer than that of the invention described in claim 1, the results of the experiment still show that the vegetation mat can be compared with the above-mentioned proposed method for producing the vegetation mat. As a result, the harvest time of vegetation mats has been greatly reduced.

By the way, the lawn can be grown not only by root stocks and runners, but also by covering the stems with soil.
It is as described that roots and germination grow from the stems, but in addition, even if the grass is loosened and the rhizomes and foliage are separated, this is covered with soil The roots and germinates from the rhizome to grow, and the invention of claim 3 has been made by paying attention to this point.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, as a method for producing a vegetation mat, the foliage and rhizome of a lawn pass through a vacant field (a field without a lawn). Is characterized by laying at least one of a rhizome, a foliage, and a seed of turf on the net material, and sprinkling the soil thereon.

Also in this method for producing a vegetation mat, the ground soil is used as floor soil, and in this floor soil, rhizomes, foliage and seeds of turf (these are collectively referred to as seeds and seedlings) are germinated and germinated. However, the lawn grows while being strongly entangled with the net material. According to this method, the required amount of turf used is 1 / compared to a method of manufacturing a vegetation mat using a conventional lawn mat. There is an advantage that vegetation mats can be manufactured at low cost, especially when seeds are used.

The turf may be grown using the turf seedling (at least one of the rhizome, foliage, and seed) in combination with the method for producing a vegetation mat according to claim 2. In the production of vegetation mats for the field scenes in which there are remaining, after laying the net material in the field scene, before spraying the soil on the net material, turf seedlings (with rhizomes and At least one of the foliage and seeds) is sprinkled, rooting and germination from this seedling are used together, and the roots and germinated turf roots are entangled with the net material to produce vegetation mats. It may be.

Preferably, in the method for producing a vegetation mat according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is difficult to pass earth and sand and foliage of turf passes through one of the upper surface of the field scene or the net material. An object of the present invention is to obtain a vegetation mat in which the roots of a lawn mat are entangled with a net material and a mesh-shaped nonwoven fabric by developing a mesh-like nonwoven fabric that is suitable for the purpose.

According to the three-piece vegetation mat, since the lawn mat is entangled with the nonwoven fabric, not only the shape retention of the vegetation mat is further enhanced, but also the nonwoven fabric has a filter function of trapping earth and sand. By exerting such an advantage, there is an advantage that erosion and collapse due to sucking of soil such as a river slope are suitably prevented.

That is, in a flooded area of the river Hoshiri (or a flooded slope area for a considerable period of time), water infiltration and seepage into the soil in the flooded area are repeated due to a change in water level or ripples. And the soil may be eroded and collapse, but if the above-mentioned triad vegetation mat is stuck to this flooded area, the nonwoven fabric will exhibit the filter function,
Erosion / disintegration due to soil suction is suitably prevented.

In any of the above-mentioned methods for producing a vegetation mat, it is sufficient if the sprinkling thickness of the soil is about 1 cm at a time, but it may be sprinkled to a greater thickness. At the stage when it emerges on the surface of the soil, spray the soil further.
You may make it wait for the lawn to grow, and it is preferable to mix an organic material, a soil improving material, a fertilizer, etc. suitably in the soil.

In the present invention, in addition to so-called Japanese turf such as wild turf and Koso turf which are well adapted to the climate of Japan and whose maintenance is relatively easy, the so-called western turf is used as the lawn. This method can be applied to plants that normally grow on riverbeds, such as tall fescue, creeping red fescue, bermudagrass, bentgrass, and other turf that enters grass.

[0025]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a vegetation revetment on a river slope N, for example, and FIG. 2 shows a vegetation mat 1 used for vegetation revetment.
Is shown.

The above-mentioned vegetation mat 1 is obtained by integrating a lawn mat 3 with a flexible net material 2 and is manufactured as follows. 3 and 4
As shown in (A) to (F), in the field scene S where the lawn 4 is growing, the net material 2 for the purpose of passing the foliage of the lawn 4
Laying, and square material 5 on three sides of the periphery of this net material 2.
Are arranged to form a rectangular partitioned space corresponding to the size of the vegetation mat 1.

Next, on the net material 2 in the compartment space, a fillet 6 is sprayed with a thickness of about 1 cm, and if necessary, at the stage of budding on the fillet surface, the fillet is further added with a thickness of about 1 cm. Then, after a predetermined cultivation period, the square timber 5 is removed, and while the roots extending to the lower side of the net timber 2 are cut, the net timber 2 is peeled off from the field scene S, The vegetation mat 1 in which the lawn mat 3 is integrated with the net material 2 is manufactured.

During the above-mentioned cultivation period, the seed soil 6 sprayed on the net material 2 is used as floor soil, and roots and germinates from the stems of the lawn 4 in the seed soil 6, and the roots of the net material 2 This is the period during which the stems and leaves grow while being strongly entangled, and the lawn 4 grows as a mat turf. According to this manufacturing method, the lawn mat 3 is a vegetation mat 1 that is firmly entangled with the net material 2. ,
Can be harvested in a short time.

Vegetation mat 1 manufactured by the above procedure
For example, when a standard size of 90 cm × 280 cm is manufactured, the unit weight of the vegetation mat 1 is about 15 kg / m ² , and about 4 kg per sheet.
0Kg, 60K per sheet even in a state containing a lot of water
g.

When the above-mentioned square lumber 5 is removed, a net portion 2a having a width of, for example, 10 cm is protruded on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the vegetation mat 1 and, for example, on one side in the width direction of the vegetation mat 1, for example. The net portions 2c, 2c having a width of 15 cm are arranged to protrude.

As the above-mentioned flexible net material 2, high-tensile fibers having high durability, such as nylon and polyester,
Aramid, carbon, glass, using a fiber such as polyacetal, preferably molded into a grid of 2 to 15 mm in mesh size, is preferably used. May be braided into a net-like body, and these two may be superimposed,
Whatever type of net material 2 is used, it is desirable that the tensile strength per 1 m width is about 0.5 to 7.0 tons. In this embodiment, in accordance with the assumed flow velocity of the river, Geogrid with a tensile strength of 2.0 to 6.0 tons (trade name of Takiron Co .; Geonet)
Is adopted.

Next, an example of vegetation revetment on the river slope N will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, a flooded area (or a part to be flooded for a considerable period) at the bottom of the Hoshiri is appropriately dug, and a method of stretching a cage mat 7, for example, is carried out in this excavated part. Laying of abandoned stones and futon cages is also suitable.)

At this time, a net material 8 similar to the above-described net material 2 is laid over an appropriate width below the basket mat 7, and at the same time, near the expected maximum water level at the time of rising water, preferably higher than the maximum water level H. Also, a net material 9 similar to the above-described net material 2 is embedded in the revetment area on the upper side, and a net material 10 similar to the above-described net material 2 is further embedded in, for example, 10 m to 30 m.
at intervals of m, laying over the upper and lower net materials 9, 8
If necessary, anchor these net materials 8 to 10 to anchor 1
Stop one.

As shown in FIG. 1, for example, a hook member 12 is attached to one net portion 2a in the longitudinal direction of the net material 2.
The vegetation mat 1 having the above configuration is stretched on the slope N by using a crane 13 or the like. The lawn mat 3 is covered with a soil cover 16 so as to be engaged with a connection fitting 14 embedded in the vegetation mat 1, and an anchor 15 is cast on the vegetation mat 1.
Is applied.

According to the vegetation revetment method described above, the vegetation mat 1 used in the method is a vegetation mat 1 having a high shape retention in which the strong surface roots of the lawn mat 3 are firmly entangled with the net material 2.
Then, the net material 2 adjacent to the vegetation mat 1 is
The vegetation mat 1 is firmly attached to the slope N via the net material 2 in a state where the vegetation mat 1 is substantially connected to each other because the vegetation mat 1 is fixed to the slope N by the metal fitting 14 or the anchor 15. In addition, the lawn mat 3 is firmly rooted on the slope N over time.

Therefore, according to the vegetation revetment method, uniform greening vegetation on the entire slope N can be expected, and even if the river rises immediately after the vegetation mat 1 is constructed, the vegetation mat 1 It does not easily collapse or peel off due to running water, and exhibits a high hydrophilic revetment function immediately after construction. It is not only excellent in landscape but also effectively prevents erosion of the slope N by running water. is there.

The vegetation mat 1 has the net portions 2a and 2c protruding on three sides thereof, and the overlapping portion is engaged with the metal fitting 14, but the net portions 2a and 2c are protruding. Is not an essential requirement, that is, it can be implemented by omitting the arrangement of the square members 5.

As another method of manufacturing the vegetation mat 1, FIG.
(A) As shown in (B), the vegetation mat 1 is manufactured for the field scene S where the rhizomes 4a and 4b of the lawn after the lawn 4 is peeled off in a mat shape, for example. Is also possible.

That is, in the field scene S where the rhizomes 4a and 4b remain, the net material 2 having a suitable fit for passing the foliage of the lawn is laid, and as shown in FIG. As described above, the square lumber is arranged around the net 2.

Then, the sponge 6 is sprayed on the net material 2, and as shown in FIG. When the lawn 4 grows as a mat turf while the root 5c is tightly entangled with the net material 2, the net material 2 is peeled off from the field 4 as shown in FIGS. Is also suitable (see FIG. 7).

According to this manufacturing method, the remaining rhizomes 4a,
Figure 4b shows that the growth of foliage from 4b takes longer.
Compared with the method for manufacturing the vegetation mat 1 described based on (A) to (F), the harvest period of the vegetation mat 1 in which the lawn mat 3 is firmly entangled with the net material 2 is slightly longer. Nevertheless, the results of the experiments show that the harvesting period of the vegetation mat 1 has been significantly shortened as compared with the conventional case.

As still another method of producing a vegetation mat,
Although illustration is omitted, it is also possible to manufacture a vegetation mat for a vacant field scene where no lawn exists.

That is, a net material for passing grass foliage and rhizome is laid in a vacant field, and seedlings of turf (at least one of rhizome, foliage and seed) are laid on the net material. Seedlings are sprinkled on top of it, and this topsoil is used as floor soil.In this floor soil, seedlings of turf are rooted and germinated, and the roots are tightly entangled with the net material, It is also preferable that the net material is peeled off from the field when the lawn has grown as a mat lawn to produce a vegetation mat.

According to this production method, the required amount of turf is reduced to 1/3 to 1/2 as compared with a method of producing a vegetation mat using a conventional lawn mat, and in particular, seeds are used. In this case, there is an advantage that the vegetation mat can be manufactured at low cost.

The growth of turf using the turf seeds is shown in FIG.
It may be performed in combination with another method of manufacturing the vegetation mat 1 shown in (A) and (B), that is, after laying the net material 2 shown in FIG. Seed and sow seeds of the turf, and sprinkle the tops with the seedlings.
Based on germination and rooting and germination from the field scene S where the rhizome remains, the roots may be entangled with the net material 2 to produce a vegetation mat.

In the production of a vegetation mat using these seeds and seedlings, a small amount of soil is sprayed on the net material, and then the seeds and seedlings are sprinkled thereon, and a required amount of soil is sprayed thereon. Alternatively, the seeds and seeds may be mixed with the soil, and then sprinkled on the net material.

In the various methods for producing vegetation mats described above, as will be apparent with reference to FIGS.
Before the net material 2 is laid, it is desirable to lay a mesh-shaped nonwoven fabric 17 that is difficult to pass through the earth and sand and through which grass foliage passes, in the field scene S, and this manufacturing method is adopted. Then, there is an advantage that the vegetation mat 1 can be easily removed from the field.

In addition, according to the vegetation mat 1 integrated with the three members (the net material 2 and the lawn mat 3 and the nonwoven fabric 17), the lawn mat 3 also takes root in the nonwoven fabric 17 and the vegetation mat 1 Not only is shape retention even higher,
Since the nonwoven fabric 17 exhibits a filter function, there is an advantage that erosion and collapse due to sucking of soil such as a river slope can be suitably prevented.

The non-woven fabric 17 is made of synthetic fibers such as polyester, vinylon, nylon and the like, and has a state in which sparse portions 17a and dense portions 17b are alternately arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions.

The sparse portion 17a may be free of the material forming the nonwoven fabric 17, or may be in a state where the material is in the form of a fine thread and stretched over the sparse portion 17a as shown in the figure. Although the rhizome of the lawn can pass through, it is a part that is difficult to pass through the earth and sand.
When the rhizome of the lawn passes through, the portion that is more difficult to pass through the earth and sand, while the dense portion 17b is tightly packed with the material forming the nonwoven fabric 17 more than a certain amount, and the rhizome of the lawn The strength is higher than that of passing through sand and earth.

Here, the width B of the sparse portion 17a is set to 0.3 m.
If it is smaller than m, it will be difficult to pass through the rhizome of the lawn, and if the width B is larger than 5.0 mm, it will be easier to pass through the earth and sand, and the effect of preventing erosion and collapse by sucking out the soil will decrease. , Adjacent dense parts 17b, 17
It is desirable that the pitch A of b is 0.5 to 10 mm and the width B of the sparse portion 17a is 0.3 to 5.0 mm.
When the width dimension B of the sparse portion 17a is large, it is desirable that a fine thread-like material be stretched over the sparse portion 17a as described above.

Therefore, in this embodiment, 10
In the non-woven fabric 17 having a size of 10 mm × 10 mm, the sparse portion 17 a in which a fine thread-like material is
And three or four in the vertical direction are used.
The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric 17 is 30 to 70 g / m ² .

The nonwoven fabric 17 described above may be provided on the upper surface of the net material 2 or may be provided only on the upper surface of the net material 2. It is also preferable to interpose, for example, about 5 to 10 mm of earth and sand or lightweight artificial soil (eg, peat moss, vermiculite, perlite, etc.)
In this way, the weight of the vegetation mat 1 can be reduced, the handling of the vegetation mat 1 becomes easy, and the construction efficiency can be improved.

[0054]

As described above, according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, compared to the method of manufacturing a vegetation mat having excellent functions, which has already been proposed by the present applicant, There is provided a method for producing a vegetation mat which is functionally the same as that obtained by the method, halving the field area and inexpensively in a short period of time.

In addition, according to the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a vegetation mat which requires less turf and requires a further reduction in cost. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a vegetation mat in which not only the shape retention property is further improved, but also erosion and collapse due to sucking out soil are suitably prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a situation of a vegetation revetment on a slope of a river embankment.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a vegetation mat in which a part is taken out, enlarged, and shown in a sectional view.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a procedure for manufacturing a vegetation mat.

4A and 4B are diagrams illustrating a procedure for manufacturing a vegetation mat, wherein FIG. 4A is an explanatory diagram of the arrangement of square members and laying of a net material, and FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram of completion of laying of a net material. (C) is a cross-sectional view showing the sprinkling condition of the soil, and (D) is a cross-sectional view showing the growing condition of the lawn mat. (E) is an explanatory view of peeling off the vegetation mat after removing the timber, and (F) is a cross-sectional view of the peeled vegetation mat.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of a vegetation revetment, a part of which is taken out and enlarged.

FIG. 6 shows a procedure for manufacturing a vegetation mat according to another embodiment, in which (A) is a cross-sectional view of a field scene in which a lawn rhizome remains after the lawn is removed, and (B) is a nonwoven fabric. It is explanatory drawing of laying of a net material. (C) is a cross-sectional view showing the situation of sprinkling of the soil, and (D) is a cross-sectional view showing the state of growing the lawn mat with the remaining rhizome. (E) is an explanatory view of peeling of a vegetation mat by a cutter, for example, (F)
1 is a cross-sectional view of a vegetation mat that has been removed.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a vegetation mat manufactured by the procedure shown in FIG. 6;

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 ... net material, 6 ... soil, 17 ... non-woven fabric, S ... field scene.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yasuo Nagaoka 573-1, Takao, Tsuyama City, Okayama Prefecture Within Nippon Vegetation Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yutaka Yuya 4407-9 Fukushima, Renjima Island, Kurashiki City, Okayama Prefecture F-term (reference) 2B022 AA05 AB05 2B051 AA02 AB06 AB07 AC02 BA16 CB06 CB23 CB24 CB25 CB26 CB35 2D018 DA02 DA06 2D044 DA13

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing a vegetation mat, comprising: laying a net material for the passage of grass foliage through a field where a lawn is growing, and sprinkling the soil on the net material. 2. A method of laying net material through which lawn foliage passes, in a field scene where the lawn rhizome remains after the lawn is peeled off, and sprinkled with soil. Method of manufacturing vegetation mat. 3. A laying net material through which grass foliage and rhizomes pass is laid in a vacant field, and on this net material,
A method for producing a vegetation mat, wherein at least one of a rhizome, a foliage, and a seed of turf is sown and sprinkled with soil. 4. The method for producing a vegetation mat according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein it is difficult for soil and sand to pass through the field scene or the upper surface of the net material and the foliage of the lawn passes. A method for producing a vegetation mat, comprising developing a mesh-like nonwoven fabric.