JP2002095264A - Pwm inverter - Google Patents

Pwm inverter

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Publication number
JP2002095264A
JP2002095264A JP2000281125A JP2000281125A JP2002095264A JP 2002095264 A JP2002095264 A JP 2002095264A JP 2000281125 A JP2000281125 A JP 2000281125A JP 2000281125 A JP2000281125 A JP 2000281125A JP 2002095264 A JP2002095264 A JP 2002095264A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
current
inverter
wiring
inductance
parallel circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2000281125A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Katsuyuki Watanabe
勝之 渡邉
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Meidensha Corp
Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Meidensha Corp
Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Meidensha Corp, Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd filed Critical Meidensha Corp
Priority to JP2000281125A priority Critical patent/JP2002095264A/en
Publication of JP2002095264A publication Critical patent/JP2002095264A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that a conventional method generates an LC resonance phenomenon from wiring inductance and stray capacitance because it takes current driving a motor as a sample at the summit of a triangular wave signal with a voltage type PWM inverter before current detection. SOLUTION: An L-R parallel circuit 13 consisting of Lf and Rf is inserted into a wiring between the output terminal of the inverter 2 and the motor 3 to pass a high-frequency component through Rf side to increase the damping rate of a series resonance circuit consisting of the wiring inductance L0 and stray capacitance C0. Thus, the rate of surge current by LC resonance included in inverter output current is decreased, thereby extracting a fundamental wave current component satisfactorily.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、運転周波数範囲の
広い電動機駆動用の電圧形PWMインバータの出力電流
の検出によって過負荷保護等を行うPWMインバータに
係り、特に負荷電流を検出するためのインバータと電動
機の配線回路に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a PWM inverter for performing overload protection by detecting an output current of a voltage-type PWM inverter for driving a motor having a wide operating frequency range, and more particularly to an inverter for detecting a load current. And the wiring circuit of the motor.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】電圧形PWMインバータで、誘導電動機
やダンパ巻線付き永久磁石電動機を運転する場合のシス
テム構成を図5に示す。同図の制御装置は、マイクロコ
ンピュータやロジックICを用いたディジタル回路で構
成され、電圧と周波数の制御には三角波と正弦波の比較
方式とする場合である。
2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 5 shows a system configuration when an induction motor or a permanent magnet motor with a damper winding is operated by a voltage-type PWM inverter. The control device shown in the figure is configured by a digital circuit using a microcomputer or a logic IC, and the voltage and frequency are controlled by a method of comparing a triangular wave and a sine wave.

【0003】同図において、順変換回路1には直流電力
を得、電圧形にされる逆変換回路(インバータ)2によ
って周波数及び電圧の比(V/f)を一定にした交流出
力を得、電動機3を駆動する。
In FIG. 1, DC power is obtained from a forward conversion circuit 1, and an AC output having a constant frequency / voltage ratio (V / f) is obtained by a voltage-converted inverter (inverter) 2. The electric motor 3 is driven.

【0004】制御装置は、周波数設定信号からV/f設
定回路4により一定比にした電圧設定値を得、位相積分
回路5により位相設定値を得、三相正弦波発生部6では
位相設定値に応じた周波数で一定振幅の三相正弦波を発
生し、乗算器71〜73では三相正弦波にそれぞれ電圧設
定値を乗じることによりその振幅を調節し、コンパレー
タ回路8により三角波発生回路9からの三角波(キャリ
ア信号)との大小を比較し、コンパレータ回路8にはP
WM波形のゲート信号を得、これらゲート信号はデット
タイム作成回路10により互いに同時ONを無くしたP
WM波形を得、逆変換回路2の各スイッチング素子TU
〜TZのゲートドライブ信号を得る。
The control device obtains a voltage set value at a fixed ratio from a frequency set signal by a V / f setting circuit 4, obtains a phase set value by a phase integrator circuit 5, and a three-phase sine wave generator 6 generates a phase set value. the three-phase sine wave of constant amplitude occurs at a frequency corresponding to the multiplier 7 1-7 to 3 in the three-phase sine wave by each multiplying the voltage set value by adjusting the amplitude, the triangular wave generating circuit by the comparator circuit 8 9 is compared with the triangular wave (carrier signal) from
Gate signals having WM waveforms are obtained, and these gate signals are output by the dead time generation circuit 10 to P
WM waveform is obtained, and each switching element TU of the inverse conversion circuit 2 is obtained.
To TZ are obtained.

【0005】このようなV/f一定制御方式で単純に運
転する場合でも、PWMインバータや電動機の過負荷保
護等の目的で出力電流を検出することが一般的である。
運転周波数範囲の広い電動機駆動用のPWMインバータ
では、直流分の検出も可能なホール素子を用いた電流検
出器をインバータ出力端に設け、出力電流の基本波成分
を比較的低速なA/D変換器で取り込むことができるよ
うにサンプルアンドホールド回路111〜113を用意
し、三角波発生回路9からの三角波の頂点(山or谷)
のタイミングをサンプリングタイミングとして各相の出
力電流をサンプリングし、各サンプリング値はA/D変
換器12により次の三角波頂点が来る前までにA/D変
換を実行する。
[0005] Even in the case of simple operation using such a constant V / f control method, it is common to detect an output current for the purpose of protecting an overload of a PWM inverter or a motor.
In a PWM inverter for driving a motor having a wide operating frequency range, a current detector using a Hall element capable of detecting a direct current component is provided at an output terminal of an inverter, and a fundamental wave component of an output current is converted into an A / D signal at a relatively low speed. providing a sample-and-hold circuits 11 1 to 11 3 to be able to capture in vessels, the apex of the triangular wave from the triangular wave generating circuit 9 (peaks or troughs)
The output current of each phase is sampled using the timing of (1) as a sampling timing, and the A / D converter 12 executes A / D conversion of each sampled value before the next triangular wave peak.

【0006】この電流検出方法は、Tu,Tv,Twの
上側3素子が全ON状態か、Tx,Ty、Tzの下側3
素子が全ON状態となる、出力電圧が零の状態の電流値
を取り込もうとするもので、出力電流経路にインバータ
直流電圧源が入らないため、スイッチングに伴う電流の
脈動成分が小さく、基本波成分を良好に抽出することが
可能である。図6にインバータ出力電流波形と線間電圧
波形および三角波と相電流との関係を示す。
[0006] This current detection method is based on whether the upper three elements of Tu, Tv and Tw are all in the ON state or the lower three elements of Tx, Ty and Tz.
In order to take in the current value in the state where the output voltage is zero, in which all the elements are in the ON state. Since the inverter DC voltage source does not enter the output current path, the pulsating component of the current due to switching is small, and the fundamental wave component. Can be satisfactorily extracted. FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the inverter output current waveform, the line voltage waveform, and the triangular wave and the phase current.

【0007】[0007]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】図6の波形は、インバ
ータ出力端と電動機3との間に配線がないか、もしくは
極端に短い配線での波形を示すものであるが、実際には
インバータ出力端と電動機を接続する配線にはインダク
タンス(L0)と浮遊容量(C0)が存在し、インバータ
素子のスイッチングによる電圧変化でLC共振現象が発
生し、図7にシミュレーション波形を示すように、電動
機端子間に高いサージ電圧を印加させたり、インバータ
出力電流にサージ電流が重畳してしまい、三角波の頂点
タイミンゲで電流をサンプリングしているにもかかわら
ず、基本波成分の抽出を困難にする場合がある。
The waveform in FIG. 6 shows a waveform with no wiring between the inverter output terminal and the motor 3 or with extremely short wiring. There is an inductance (L 0 ) and a stray capacitance (C 0 ) in the wiring connecting the end and the motor, and an LC resonance phenomenon occurs due to a voltage change due to the switching of the inverter element, as shown in a simulation waveform in FIG. When a high surge voltage is applied between the motor terminals or a surge current is superimposed on the inverter output current, making it difficult to extract the fundamental wave component even though the current is sampled at the apex of the triangular wave. There is.

【0008】サージ電圧やサージ電流の大きさは、イン
バータ素子のスイッチング速度や配線条件などによって
異なるが、配線が長い(L0,C0とも大)ほど大きくな
る。図7は400V系インバータを想定した波形であ
り、三角波キャリア周波数:6kHz、線路インダクタ
ンスL0:21.6μH、線路浮遊容量C0:20nF、
線路直流抵抗R0:130mΩとする場合である。
The magnitude of the surge voltage or surge current varies depending on the switching speed of the inverter element, the wiring conditions, and the like, but increases as the wiring length increases (both L 0 and C 0 increase). FIG. 7 shows a waveform assuming a 400 V inverter, a triangular wave carrier frequency: 6 kHz, a line inductance L 0 : 21.6 μH, a line stray capacitance C 0 : 20 nF,
This is the case where the line DC resistance R 0 is 130 mΩ.

【0009】本発明の目的は、キャリア信号になる三角
波の頂点で電流サンプリングを行うのに、配線インダク
タンスと浮遊容量の影響を少なくして出力電流の基本波
成分を抽出できるようにしたPWMインバータを提供す
ることにある。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a PWM inverter capable of extracting a fundamental wave component of an output current by reducing the influence of wiring inductance and stray capacitance to perform current sampling at a peak of a triangular wave serving as a carrier signal. To provide.

【0010】[0010]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、インバータ出
力端と電動機との間の配線にLfとRfのL−R並列回路
を挿入し、高周波成分をRf側に流すことで配線のイン
ダクタンスL0と浮遊容量C0で構成される直列共振回路
の減衰率を大きくし、これによりインバータ出力電流に
含まれるLC共振によるサージ電流の割合を小さくする
ことで、基本波電流成分を良好に抽出できるようにした
もので、以下の構成を特徴とする。
According to the present invention, an LR parallel circuit of Lf and Rf is inserted into a wiring between an inverter output terminal and a motor, and a high-frequency component is caused to flow to the Rf side. The fundamental wave current component can be improved by increasing the attenuation rate of the series resonance circuit composed of the inductance L 0 and the stray capacitance C 0 of the inverter circuit, thereby reducing the ratio of the surge current due to LC resonance included in the inverter output current. And is characterized by the following configuration.

【0011】PWM波形でゲート制御される電圧形イン
バータから配線を通して電動機に電流を供給し、前記配
線に設けた電流検出器の検出電流からPWM波形のキャ
リア信号になる三角波の頂点でサンプリングして出力電
流を検出するPWMインバータであって、前記配線の各
相にインダクタンスLfと抵抗RfのL−R並列回路をそ
れぞれ挿入し、前記L−R並列回路のインダクタンスL
fと抵抗Rfは、前記配線のインダクタンスL0と浮遊容
量C0で構成される直列共振回路の減衰率を大きくする
定数にした構成を特徴とする。
A current is supplied to the motor from a voltage source inverter gate-controlled by a PWM waveform through a wiring, and is sampled and output at a vertex of a triangular wave which becomes a carrier signal of a PWM waveform from a detection current of a current detector provided on the wiring. a PWM inverter for detecting a current, the insert respectively the L-R parallel circuit of an inductance L f and resistor R f in each phase of the wire, the inductance L of the L-R parallel circuit
f and the resistor Rf are characterized in that they are constants that increase the attenuation factor of the series resonance circuit composed of the inductance L 0 of the wiring and the stray capacitance C 0 .

【0012】また、前記L−R並列回路の定数は、Rf
=Z0=√(L0/C0)、Lf≧2*L0としたことを特
徴とする。
The constant of the LR parallel circuit is R f
= Z 0 = √ (L 0 / C 0 ), and L f ≧ 2 * L 0 .

【0013】また、前記L−R並列回路のインダクタン
スLf側の電流を検出し、インバータの基本波電流成分
を抽出する構成を特徴とする。
Further, the invention is characterized in that a current on the inductance Lf side of the LR parallel circuit is detected and a fundamental wave current component of the inverter is extracted.

【0014】また、前記L−R並列回路のインダクタン
スLfの鉄心にホール素子を組込み、電流検出器と兼用
した構成を特徴とする。
Further, incorporation of the Hall element in the core of inductance L f of the L-R parallel circuit, and wherein the configuration in which also serves as a current detector.

【0015】[0015]

【発明の実施の形態】図1は、本発明の実施形態を示す
システム構成図である。同図が図5と異なる部分は、逆
変換回路2の出力端と電動機3の配線接続回路の各相に
リアクトルL fと抵抗RfのL−R並列回路13をそれぞ
れ直列に挿入した点にある。
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
It is a system configuration diagram. 5 is different from FIG.
Each phase of the output terminal of the conversion circuit 2 and the wiring connection circuit of the motor 3
Reactor L fAnd resistance RfLR parallel circuit 13
Are inserted in series.

【0016】上記の構成において、電動機が接続されて
いない場合の配線路は、簡単なLCR直列回路で表現で
き、一般には抵抗分R0は、線路の特性インピーダンス
0=√(L0/C0)と比較して十分小さいため、イン
バータ素子のスイッチングによる電圧変化でLCR直列
回路は減衰率の小さな振動的応答を示す。
In the above configuration, the wiring path when no motor is connected can be represented by a simple LCR series circuit. In general, the resistance R 0 is equal to the characteristic impedance Z 0 = √ (L 0 / C 0 ), the LCR series circuit shows an oscillating response with a small damping rate due to a voltage change due to the switching of the inverter element.

【0017】そこで、本実施形態では、インバータ出力
部分にL−R並列回路を挿入し、周波数の高い成分をR
f側に流すことでL0,C0と構成される直列共振回路の
減衰率を大きくし、インバータ出力電流に含まれるLC
共振によるサージ電流の割合を小さくするものである。
Therefore, in the present embodiment, an LR parallel circuit is inserted in the output portion of the inverter, and the high frequency component is reduced to R
By flowing to the f side, the attenuation factor of the series resonance circuit composed of L 0 and C 0 is increased, and LC included in the inverter output current is increased.
This is to reduce the ratio of surge current due to resonance.

【0018】定数設定は、Rf=Z0=√(L0/C0)、
f≧2*L0とし、完全に振動を抑制することはできな
いが、Rfでの損失をPrf=C0*(Vdc/sqrt
(3)) 2*2*fc(ただし、Vdc:インバータ直流電
圧[V]、fc=キャリア周波数[Hz])程度に抑え
ることができる経済的な設定とする。
The constant setting is Rf= Z0= √ (L0/ C0),
Lf≧ 2 * L0And vibration cannot be completely suppressed.
But RfLoss at Prf= C0* (Vdc/ Sqrt
(3)) Two* 2 * fc(However, Vdc: Inverter DC power
Pressure [V], fc= Carrier frequency [Hz])
An economic setting that can be used.

【0019】図2は、本実施形態を400V系インバー
タに適用した場合のシミュレーション波形を示し、図7
に比べてサージ電流を大幅に低減でき、出力電流の検出
が容易になる。
FIG. 2 shows simulation waveforms when this embodiment is applied to a 400 V inverter.
, The surge current can be greatly reduced and the output current can be easily detected.

【0020】図3は、本発明の他の実施形態を示し、同
図が図1と異なる部分は各相電流検出器をL−R並列回
路13のインダクタンスLfを通した電流のみを検出す
る酔う回路接続した点にある。
[0020] Figure 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention, the portion drawing differs from that of Figure 1 only detects current through the inductance L f of the phase current detector L-R parallel circuit 13 It is at the point where the intoxicated circuit is connected.

【0021】本実施形態によれば、Lf側に流れる電流
のみを検出し、サージ電流成分を検出しにくい構成とし
ており、電流検出を一層容易にする。図4に400V系
インバータに適用した場合のLf、Rfおよびインバータ
の出力電流波形を示し、Rfに流れるサージ電流成分を
取り除いた電流検出が可能となる。
According to the present embodiment, only the current flowing to the Lf side is detected, and the surge current component is hardly detected, so that the current detection is further facilitated. FIG. 4 shows L f , R f and the output current waveform of the inverter when applied to a 400 V inverter, and it is possible to detect a current from which a surge current component flowing through R f has been removed.

【0022】なお、図3に示す実施形態において、Lf
の鉄心にホール素子を組込み、電流検出器と兼用する構
成とすることができる。
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, L f
A Hall element may be incorporated in the iron core of the above, so that the Hall element is used also as a current detector.

【0023】[0023]

【発明の効果】以上のとおり、本発明によれば、以下の
効果がある。
As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

【0024】1)インバータ出力部分にL−R並列回路
を挿入し、高周波成分をRf側に流すことで配線のイン
ダクタンスL0と浮遊容量C0で構成される直列共振回路
の減衰率を大きくし、これによりインバータ出力電流に
含まれるLC共振によるサージ電流の割合を小さくする
ことで、キャリア信号になる三角波の頂点で電流サンプ
リングを行う電圧形PWMインバータで基本波電流成分
を良好に抽出することができる。
1) An LR parallel circuit is inserted in the inverter output portion, and a high frequency component is caused to flow to the Rf side to increase the attenuation factor of the series resonance circuit composed of the wiring inductance L 0 and the stray capacitance C 0. By reducing the ratio of the surge current due to LC resonance included in the inverter output current, a voltage-type PWM inverter that performs current sampling at the apex of a triangular wave serving as a carrier signal can favorably extract a fundamental wave current component. Can be.

【0025】2)同時に、モータ端子間のサージ電圧を
抑制することができる。
2) At the same time, a surge voltage between the motor terminals can be suppressed.

【0026】3)L−R回路のLfの鉄心にホール素子
を組込み、電流検出器と兼用すれば、インバータ装置の
コストダウンが可能となる。
3) If a Hall element is incorporated in the Lf core of the LR circuit and used as a current detector, the cost of the inverter device can be reduced.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】本発明の実施形態を示すシステム構成図。FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】実施形態における各部波形図。FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of each part in the embodiment.

【図3】本発明の他の実施形態を示すシステム構成図。FIG. 3 is a system configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

【図4】他の実施形態における各部波形図。FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of each part according to another embodiment.

【図5】従来のPWMインバータのシステム構成図。FIG. 5 is a system configuration diagram of a conventional PWM inverter.

【図6】インバータの出力端と電動機間の配線がない場
合の各部波形図。
FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram of each part when there is no wiring between the output terminal of the inverter and the motor.

【図7】インバータの出力端と電動機間の配線がある場
合の各部波形図。
FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram of each part when there is a wiring between the output terminal of the inverter and the motor.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

2…逆変換回路 3…電動機 9…三角波発生回路 111〜113…サンプルアンドホールド回路 12…A/D変換器 13…L−R並列回路2. Inverse conversion circuit 3. Electric motor 9. Triangular wave generation circuit 11 1 to 11 3. Sample and hold circuit 12. A / D converter 13. LR parallel circuit

フロントページの続き Fターム(参考) 5H007 AA04 BB06 CA01 CB05 CC12 DA05 DB01 DC02 EA02 FA01 FA03 5H576 BB05 CC05 DD02 DD04 DD07 EE04 EE15 GG04 HA02 HB02 JJ03 JJ08 JJ16 JJ22 JJ29 LL22 MM04 Continued on front page F-term (reference)

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 PWM波形でゲート制御される電圧形イ
ンバータから配線を通して電動機に電流を供給し、前記
配線に設けた電流検出器の検出電流からPWM波形のキ
ャリア信号になる三角波の頂点でサンプリングして出力
電流を検出するPWMインバータであって、 前記配線の各相にインダクタンスLfと抵抗RfのL−R
並列回路をそれぞれ挿入し、 前記L−R並列回路のインダクタンスLfと抵抗Rfは、
前記配線のインダクタンスL0と浮遊容量C0で構成され
る直列共振回路の減衰率を大きくする定数にした構成を
特徴とするPWMインバータ。
1. A current is supplied to a motor through a wiring from a voltage-source inverter gate-controlled by a PWM waveform, and sampling is performed at a vertex of a triangular wave which becomes a carrier signal of a PWM waveform from a detection current of a current detector provided on the wiring. a PWM inverter for detecting an output current Te, L-R of the inductance L f and resistor R f in each phase of the wiring
A parallel circuit inserted respectively, the inductance L f and resistor R f of the L-R parallel circuit,
A PWM inverter characterized in that a constant is set to increase a damping rate of a series resonance circuit constituted by the wiring inductance L 0 and the stray capacitance C 0 .
【請求項2】 前記L−R並列回路の定数は、Rf=Z0
=√(L0/C0)、L f≧2*L0としたことを特徴とす
る請求項1に記載のPWMインバータ。
2. The constant of the LR parallel circuit is Rf= Z0
= √ (L0/ C0), L f≧ 2 * L0The feature is that
The PWM inverter according to claim 1.
【請求項3】 前記L−R並列回路のインダクタンスL
f側の電流を検出し、インバータの基本波電流成分を抽
出する構成を特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のPW
Mインバータ。
3. An inductance L of the LR parallel circuit.
3. The PW according to claim 1, wherein a current on the f side is detected and a fundamental current component of the inverter is extracted.
M inverter.
【請求項4】 前記L−R並列回路のインダクタンスL
fの鉄心にホール素子を組込み、電流検出器と兼用した
構成を特徴とする請求項3に記載のPWMインバータ。
4. An inductance L of the LR parallel circuit.
4. The PWM inverter according to claim 3, wherein a Hall element is incorporated in the iron core of f and also serves as a current detector.
JP2000281125A 2000-09-18 2000-09-18 Pwm inverter Pending JP2002095264A (en)

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JP2006230169A (en) * 2005-02-21 2006-08-31 Toshiba Corp Controller for synchronous machine
JP2007124762A (en) * 2005-10-26 2007-05-17 Fuji Electric Systems Co Ltd Current detecting circuit in voltage converter
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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US7426122B2 (en) 2003-08-25 2008-09-16 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Power-converter control apparatus employing pulse width modulation and adjusting duration of a zero-voltage vector
JP2006020430A (en) * 2004-07-02 2006-01-19 Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd Power converter, motor, motor drive system and maintenance method thereof
US7663337B2 (en) 2004-07-02 2010-02-16 Hitachi Industrial Equipment System Co. Frequency converter, motor, motor drive system and maintenance method for motor drive system
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JP2006230169A (en) * 2005-02-21 2006-08-31 Toshiba Corp Controller for synchronous machine
JP2007124762A (en) * 2005-10-26 2007-05-17 Fuji Electric Systems Co Ltd Current detecting circuit in voltage converter
JP2010017077A (en) * 2009-10-19 2010-01-21 Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd Motor, motor driving system, and maintenance method of motor driving system
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