JP2002089238A - Device for removing particulate in exhaust gas - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device for decomposing and removing particulates contained in exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine. SOLUTION: This device is provided with a transversely installed cylindrical container main body 13 having an exhaust gas introducing part 12, a cylindrical filter 15 rotatably provided inside the cylindrical container main body 13 and having a filter part 14 collecting the particulates in the exhaust gas while feeding the exhaust gas 11 from its exterior to its interior, a gas exhausting means 21 bisecting an interior of the filter into an upper chamber 18 and a lower chamber 19 by horizontally providing fins 17A and 17B on axial right and left sides of a hollow shaft 16 provided in substantially the same position as a shaft center of the cylindrical filter 15 and comprising a plurality of gas exhausting holes 20 provided in a face more to the upper side than a horizontal position of the hollow shaft 16, and a catalytic solution 22 of a predetermined amount filled inside the container main body 13 and adhering a catalyst on the particulates collected by the filter part 14.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to suspended particulates (SP) contained in exhaust gas from, for example, an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine or the like for marine use, land running, or stationary on land.
The present invention relates to a device for removing fine particles in exhaust gas for decomposing and removing M).

[0002]

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, suspended fine particles (SP) contained in exhaust gas from marine, land-based, and land-based diesels have been known.
M, hereinafter referred to as “fine particles”. ) Can be decomposed by using a DPF (Diesel P
An articulate filter has been proposed, and fine particles are trapped in the DPF, and as the amount of deposition increases, exhaust resistance increases.

[0003] As this regeneration method, the exhaust gas temperature is raised by a method of improving the exhaust gas temperature by throttling, a heater heating method, a reheating method, or the like.
Unburned components in the collected fine particles were burned.

[0004]

However, the conventional method for decomposing fine particles has the following problems. (1) There is a problem that the honeycomb-shaped ceramics filter is damaged due to repeated thermal shocks at the time of regeneration. (2) Due to the occurrence of abnormal combustion, there is a problem that the heat resistance and the thermal shock resistance of the filter material are insufficient and the filter material is damaged. (3) There is a need for equipment for heating and reheating of the heater and for utilities such as fuel. (4) If the combustion is not sufficient, the pressure loss increases and the filter becomes unusable, and as a result, the filter itself needs to be replaced.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for removing particulates in exhaust gas which can decompose particulates in exhaust gas at a low temperature without using a conventional heating means such as a heater. And

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The invention of a device for removing particulates in exhaust gas according to claim 1 of the present invention which solves the above problems is a device for removing particulates in exhaust gas which removes particulates in exhaust gas, A cylindrical container body having an exhaust gas introduction portion, and a cylindrical filter rotatably provided inside the cylindrical container body, and having a filter portion for collecting fine particles in the exhaust gas while supplying the exhaust gas from the outside to the inside, A fin is provided in a substantially horizontal direction along the axial direction on a hollow shaft provided at substantially the same position as the axis of the cylindrical filter, and the inside of the cylindrical filter is vertically divided into two parts. A gas discharge means having a plurality of gas discharge holes provided on an upper surface thereof; and a catalyst solution filled in a predetermined amount in the container body and adhering a catalyst to the fine particles collected in the filter portion. Time passed exhaust gas After the dried after depositing the catalyst solution particles were collected by rotating the filter means, then the fine particles, characterized in that to catalytic combustion.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the container body is pivotally supported so as to be swingable.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, a filter is provided in a gas exhaust hole provided in the hollow shaft, and fins are radially provided at predetermined intervals on an upper surface side of the hollow shaft. It is characterized by the following.

The invention of claim 4 is characterized in that, in claim 3, the filter is a felt-like filter made of metal fiber, a metal filter such as a sintered metal, or a ceramic filter.

[0010] The invention according to claim 5 is the liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein
It is characterized in that a heat insulating material is provided around.

The invention of claim 6 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst solution is an aqueous catalyst solution containing at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, seawater, or at least one of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. 1
It is a seawater to which seeds are added.

[0012] The invention of claim 7 is an exhaust gas treatment system for purifying exhaust gas, which is interposed in a flue of the exhaust gas and decomposes suspended particulates in the exhaust gas. The device is characterized by having a fine particle removing device according to the above item.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[First Embodiment] FIGS. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment.
It is the schematic of the particulate removal device in the exhaust gas concerning embodiment of 1st. FIG. 5 is an external view of the removing device. As shown in these drawings, the device for removing particulates in exhaust gas according to the present embodiment is a device for removing particulates in exhaust gas for removing particulates in exhaust gas 11 of a diesel engine. Cylindrical container body 13 and an exhaust gas 1 rotatably mounted inside the cylindrical container body 13.
A cylindrical filter 15 having a filter portion 14 for collecting particulates in exhaust gas while supplying 1 from the outside to the inside, and a hollow shaft 16 provided substantially at the same position as the axis of the cylindrical filter 15, Fins 17A and 17B are provided horizontally in the left and right directions in the axial direction. The inside of the filter is divided into an upper chamber 18 and a lower chamber 19, and a plurality of gas discharge holes are provided on the upper surface of the hollow shaft 16 above the horizontal position. And a catalyst solution 22 which is filled in a predetermined amount in the container main body 13 and adheres a catalyst to the fine particles collected in the filter section 14.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the cylindrical container body 13 is supported by shaft supporting members 24, 24 provided at the tips of supporting members 23, 23 suspended from the frame. The catalyst solution 22 is rotatably supported so that the catalyst solution 22 always keeps a horizontal state even when there is vibration or the like.

In the present embodiment, a partition plate 25 is provided in the container body 13 in the axial direction at substantially the same position as the fins 17A and 17B in the direction in which the fins 17A and 17B protrude. It prevents the introduced exhaust gas 11 from entering the lower side of the container. The rotation of the hollow shaft 16 is made rotatable by a rotating means 26 provided externally under the control of a control means (not shown) via a rotating belt 27.

After the exhaust gas 11 is passed through the filter unit 14 for a predetermined time to collect fine particles in the filter unit using the above-described apparatus, the above-described catalyst solution 22 is added to the collected fine particles by rotating the cylindrical filter 15. The whole of the adhered and collected fine particles is covered with the catalyst and then dried, and then the cylindrical filter 15 is rotated so that the high temperature (heat) of the exhaust gas to be introduced next is obtained
The fine particles are catalytically combusted. At this time, the fine particles are collected by the filter unit simultaneously with the combustion.

Referring to FIG. 3, an outline of collecting fine particles in a filter and catalytic combustion will be described. First, in the particulate removal device of the present embodiment, a cylindrical filter 15 having an axis in a direction orthogonal to the vertical axis direction is used, the filter 15 is rotatably interposed, and the particulates in the exhaust gas 10 are filtered. Collected in the part 14. This is a particle collection zone.
FIG. 3A shows a state after the fine particles 10 have been collected.

Next, as shown in FIG.
By rotating the filter unit 14 that has collected the filter solution 0 and moving the filter unit 14 toward the lower chamber 19, the catalyst solution 22 filled in the bottom of the cylindrical container body 13 is filtered.
Soak. This is a catalyst carrying zone.

This immersion time can be appropriately set according to the state of adhesion of the fine particles. That is, when it is desired to allow the catalyst solution to penetrate into the inside of the fine particles 10, it may be immersed for a long time. In addition, when catalyst crystals are stuck to the surface of the filter portion, it is desirable that the catalyst be immersed for a relatively long time to dissolve the crystals and the like.

When the filter 15 is further rotated, FIG.
As shown in (C), the catalyst carried on the surface of the fine particles is moved to the upper chamber again, and the unburned portion is burned by the combined use of the heat of the exhaust gas 10 and the catalytic action. This is the combustion zone.

As described above, the rotation of the cylindrical filter 15 in the container body 13 causes the collection and combustion of fine particles / combustion.
The two steps of catalyst attachment can be repeated, thereby enabling continuous removal of fine particles in exhaust gas.

According to the present embodiment, the fine particles 10 in the exhaust gas 11 are collected on the surface of the filter section 14 in the fine particle collection zone (FIG. 3A), and the collected fine particles are loaded on a catalyst. In the zone, the surface of the fine particles is covered with the catalyst solution 22 (FIG. 3 (B)), and the catalyst is dried as the filter 15 rotates, and is burned in a combustion zone for supplying exhaust gas (FIG. 3 (C)), thereby obtaining 300 Unburned components (soot, tar, etc.) in the fine particles at a low temperature of about ℃
Can be decomposed, and the particulate-free exhaust gas 11 can be discharged.

Here, the catalyst in the present invention contains at least one of alkali metals such as Na and K, such as potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate, and alkaline earth metals. In addition, seawater can be used as an alkali catalyst. Further, at least one of the above alkali metals or alkaline earth metals may be contained in seawater.

As the catalyst solution 22, an alkali metal catalyst solution, K ₂ CO ₃ or seawater, is supplied so as to have an appropriate predetermined amount.

In the present invention, the catalyst can be uniformly arranged by impregnating and supporting the alkaline catalyst solution by covering the surface of the fine particles collected by the filter, and as a result, the combustion field And a combustion temperature (400 ° C.) using a conventional heater or the like.
Above), catalytic combustion can be performed on a lower temperature side (300 ° C. or lower).

Therefore, when burning the fine particles, abnormal combustion is prevented as in the prior art, and the catalyst solution is sprayed depending on the combustion temperature (adjustment of the spray amount and time of the catalyst solution, the rotation speed of the filter, etc.). The combustion temperature can be controlled.

Since the burning of the filter and the spraying of the aqueous solution are repeated as the material of the filter portion 14, it is necessary to use a material having excellent thermal shock resistance. Examples of the heat shock resistant filter include a felt filter made of a metal fiber, a metal filter such as a sintered metal, a ceramic filter, and the like.

The filter may carry a metal catalyst such as platinum as required. Here, in addition to platinum, for example, rhodium, palladium and the like, and as the oxide catalyst, for example, titanium oxide, alumina oxide, cordierite, alumina-silica, zeolite, porous silicate, porous aluminate and the like, perovskite-type structure, A composite oxide having a spinel structure can be exemplified, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Thereby, on the surface side of the filter, the decomposition efficiency can be further improved by the combined effect of the catalytic action of the catalyst contacting the fine particles and the catalytic action of the alkali catalyst attached to the fine particles.

FIG. 4 shows the operation and effect of the removal of fine particles by the catalyst of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, first, the fine particles 10 in the exhaust gas are attached to the surface of the filter unit 14. Next, when the filter is immersed in the catalyst solution 22 by rotating the filter 15, the catalyst solution 22 covers the surface of the fine particles 10. When the surface of the fine particles 10 starts to be covered with the catalyst solution 22, the catalyst solution 22 starts to penetrate into the pores of the fine particles 10. After that, when drying while rotating,
As the catalyst solution covering the surface of the fine particles 10 dries,
The component exhibiting catalytic activity remains in a state of being uniformly dispersed on the surface of the fine particles. Further, the catalyst solution that has entered the inside of the fine particles is also dried, and the component exhibiting the catalytic activity remains uniformly inside the fine particles. Thereafter, due to the high temperature at the time of passing the exhaust gas, catalytic combustion acts not only on the surface but also inside of the fine particles by catalytic combustion, and complete combustion becomes possible.

By installing the apparatus of this embodiment in, for example, an exhaust gas duct, the cylindrical filter 15 is rotated continuously or intermittently, and the fine particles 10 attached to the surface of the filter section 14 are attached to the bottom of the container body. After the filter section 14 is immersed in the provided catalyst solution 22 and the catalyst solution 22 is adhered, the filter 15 is rotated, and the diesel exhaust gas 11 is passed again to remove fine particles collected by the exhaust gas temperature (heat). Perform catalytic combustion treatment. At this time, the fine particles in the exhaust gas are simultaneously collected. Since the filter 15 is rotating, the two steps of collection, combustion, and catalyst attachment can be repeated, so that the particulates in the exhaust gas can be continuously removed. The interior of the rotating body is partitioned into upper and lower chambers by fins 17A and 17B, and gas flowing in from the outer peripheral film surface is provided on the inner rotating shaft on the side of the upper chamber 18 and is discharged only from the exhaust gas discharge hole 20. As a result, the high-temperature exhaust gas is not directly blown onto the liquid surface of the catalyst solution 22, and the progress of evaporation of the catalyst solution 22 is prevented.

The method of adhering the catalyst solution to the surface of the fine particles is not limited to the method of dipping the filter in the catalyst solution as in the present embodiment. The entire filter can be dipped and then drained. This eliminates the need for a rotating unit, and simplifies the device configuration. Further, the catalyst may be attached to the fine particles by injecting a catalyst solution. That is, any method may be used as long as the catalyst solution is attached to the surface of the fine particles in the form of a solution, and the method is not limited to the above-described method.

Further, by providing the swinging means as in the present embodiment, it can be attached to a moving body. That is, in the particle removing device for the moving body, the liquid level of the catalyst solution accumulated on the bottom of the filter container fluctuates due to the vibration of the moving body and the like, and the timing of collection / combustion / catalyst adhesion can be controlled. However, problems such as spilling of the liquid occur, but this can be prevented by providing means for preventing the liquid surface from swinging.

When the vehicle stops on a slope or the like at the time of stopping,
In the meantime, when the filter is rotated so as to deposit the catalyst solution, if the catalyst solution is inclined, good adhesion cannot be obtained.However, by maintaining the horizontal state by the swinging means, always under a constant condition. A catalyst solution can be applied.

The timing of catalytic combustion is, for example, in the case of a mobile diesel engine, by controlling the control means to rotate the filter 15 over a predetermined period of time at night or by measuring the running parameters and controlling accordingly. You may do so. Further, the control may be performed based on a traveling pattern obtained from a tachometer, for example.

According to the present invention, the fine particles in the exhaust gas can be decomposed, and the type of the internal combustion engine is not specified at all. For example, an unburned portion of suspended particulates (SPM) contained in exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine such as a marine vehicle, a land vehicle, a stationary diesel or a generator can be decomposed at a low temperature.

[Second Embodiment] FIGS. 6 and 7 show a second embodiment.
It is the schematic of the particulate removal device in the exhaust gas concerning embodiment of 1st. The same members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. In the apparatus of the present embodiment, a heat insulating material 31 is provided on the inner surface of the lower half portion of the horizontal cylindrical container body 13. By providing the heat insulating material 31, the gap with the filter portion 14 is narrowed in the lower half, and the pressure loss is increased, thereby preventing the exhaust gas from flowing downward. As a result, the evaporation of the catalyst solution 22 due to the heat of the exhaust gas can be prevented, and the replenishment amount of the catalyst solution 22 can be reduced.

[Third Embodiment] FIGS. 8 and 9 show a third embodiment.
It is the schematic of the particulate removal device in the exhaust gas concerning embodiment of 1st. The same members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. In the apparatus of the present embodiment, a sintered metal or the like 41 is provided as a filter in a gas discharge hole 20 provided in the hollow shaft 16 and the hollow shaft 16
The fins 17C, 17D, 17E are radially provided at predetermined intervals on the upper surface side of the device. Since the upper chamber is divided into a plurality of chambers 18A, 18B, 18C and 18D by partitioning with the fins, even if a part of the filter part 14 is broken, fine particles are deposited on the sintered metal 41. Thus, the flow of the exhaust gas in the room may be defective. However, in a room where the other filters are sound, the fine particles can be collected by the filter unit 14, so the exhaust gas 11 containing the fine particles is directly discharged. Is prevented.

Hereinafter, an example of the exhaust gas purifying system provided with the above-described various devices for removing particulates in exhaust gas of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited to these systems.

Fourth Embodiment FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an exhaust gas purification system according to a fourth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 10, the exhaust gas purification system according to the present embodiment is an exhaust gas treatment system for purifying exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine. Particulate removal device 10 which is mounted and decomposes suspended particulates in exhaust gas 10
And a part (about 30%) of the exhaust gas from the engine 101 is circulated back to the diesel engine 101 again. It is a device (EGR).

As a result, the exhaust gas for lowering the combustion temperature is supplied in a clean state from which fine particles have been removed, so that the total amount of nitrogen oxides generated in the exhaust gas can be reduced over a long period of time.

As described above, according to the present invention, the unburned portion of the suspended particulates (SPM) contained in the exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine such as a diesel for marine use or for mobile use for land driving is decomposed at a low temperature. It is possible to build a system that can do this.

[0043]

As described above, the invention of claim 1 of the present invention is an apparatus for removing particulates in exhaust gas for removing particulates in exhaust gas, comprising: a cylindrical container body having an exhaust gas introduction portion; A cylindrical filter rotatably mounted inside the cylindrical container body and having a filter portion for collecting particulates in the exhaust gas while supplying the exhaust gas from the outside to the inside, and having substantially the same axis as the axis of the cylindrical filter. The hollow shaft provided at the position is provided with a fin extending substantially in the horizontal direction in the axial direction, and the inside of the cylindrical filter is vertically divided into two, and a plurality of gas discharge holes are provided on the upper surface of the hollow shaft. And a catalyst solution filled in a predetermined amount in the container body and adhering a catalyst to the fine particles collected in the filter section, and after passing exhaust gas for a predetermined time, the filter Rotate the means The collecting microparticles are dried after depositing the catalyst solution, then since the fine particles to the catalytic combustion, it is possible to remove the particulates at a low temperature. Further, since the exhaust gas does not flow downward due to the fins, the catalyst solution is prevented from evaporating.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, since the container main body is pivotally supported pivotally, the catalyst solution can be immersed while always maintaining a constant state.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, a filter is provided in the gas discharge hole provided in the hollow shaft, and fins are radially provided at predetermined intervals on the upper surface side of the hollow shaft. Therefore, even if a part of the filter is broken, it is possible to remove the fine particles.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect, since the filter is a felt-like filter made of a metal fiber, a metal filter such as a sintered metal, or a ceramic filter, fine particles can be effectively removed. Can be collected.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the lower inner surface in the container main body includes:
Since the heat insulating material is provided around, the gap between the filter and the filter is narrowed, and the pressure loss is increased.
Evaporation of the catalyst solution is prevented.

The invention of claim 6 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst solution is a catalyst aqueous solution containing at least one kind of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, seawater, or at least one of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. Since it is seawater to which one kind is added, the catalyst cost is low and the catalyst solution after spraying can be reused.

[0049] The invention of claim 7 is an exhaust gas treatment system for purifying exhaust gas, which is interposed in a flue of the exhaust gas and decomposes suspended particulates in the exhaust gas. Since the apparatus has the fine particle removing device described in the above section, a clean gas from which fine particles have been removed can be discharged.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for removing particulates in exhaust gas according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for removing particulates in exhaust gas according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of collecting and burning fine particles.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which suspended particulates are coated with a catalyst solution.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the apparatus for removing particulates in exhaust gas according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for removing particulates in exhaust gas according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for removing particulates in exhaust gas according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for removing particulates in exhaust gas according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an apparatus for removing particulates in exhaust gas according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an exhaust gas purification system according to a fourth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Exhaust gas 12 Exhaust gas introduction part 13 Cylindrical container main body 14 Filter part 15 Cylindrical filter 16 Hollow shaft 17A, B, C, D, E fin 18, 18A, 18B, 18C, 18D Upper chamber 19 Lower chamber 20 Gas exhaust hole 21 Gas discharging means 22 Catalyst solution 23 Support member 24 Shaft support member 25 Partition plate 26 Rotating means 27 Rotating belt 31 Insulating material 41 Sintered metal 100 Particle removing device 101 Diesel engine

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) B01D 46/42 B01D 46/42 B F01N 3/10 F01N 3/10 A 3/24 3/24 E (72 ) Inventor: Takako Kobayashi 2-5-1 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan Mitsui Heavy Industries, Ltd. (72) Inventor Akira Hattori 1-1, Akunouramachi, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki F-term in Nagasaki Shipyard, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (Reference) 3G090 AA01 AA02 AA03 BA01 CB00 EA01 EA02 3G091 AA02 AA04 AA06 AA18 AB02 AB13 BA00 CA00 GB02W GB03W GB05W GB06W GB07W HA14 HB01 4D058 JA02 JB03 JB06 JB21 JB25 JB28 Q11 QC13 QA13 QA11

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. An apparatus for removing particulates in exhaust gas for removing particulates in exhaust gas, comprising: a cylindrical container main body having an exhaust gas introduction portion; a rotatable interior of the cylindrical container main body; A cylindrical filter having a filter section for collecting fine particles in exhaust gas while supplying the gas to the inside; and a hollow shaft provided at substantially the same position as the axis of the cylindrical filter, and fins extending in a substantially horizontal direction in the axial direction. A gas discharge means having a plurality of gas discharge holes provided on the upper side surface of the hollow shaft while vertically dividing the inside of the cylindrical filter into two parts; A catalyst solution for adhering a catalyst to the fine particles collected in the filter portion, and after passing the exhaust gas for a predetermined time, rotating the filter means to attach the catalyst solution to the fine particles collected. Dryness , Then particulate filter in the exhaust gas which comprises bringing the particles is catalytic combustion. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the container main body is pivotally supported so as to be swingable. 3. The exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein a filter is provided in a gas discharge hole provided in the hollow shaft, and fins are radially provided at predetermined intervals on an upper surface side of the hollow shaft. Particle removal equipment. 4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the filter is a felt-like filter made of a metal fiber, a metal filter such as a sintered metal, or a ceramic filter. 5. The apparatus for removing particulates in exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein a heat insulating material is provided around a lower inner surface of the container body. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst solution is an aqueous catalyst solution containing at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, seawater, or seawater to which at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal is added. An apparatus for removing fine particles from exhaust gas, the apparatus comprising: 7. An exhaust gas treatment system for purifying exhaust gas, comprising the particulate removal device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is interposed in a flue of the exhaust gas and decomposes suspended particulates in the exhaust gas. An exhaust gas treatment system characterized by the above-mentioned.