JP2002089174A - Shaft opening structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shaft opening structure which can constitute a starting hole or an arrival hole for an excavator. SOLUTION: In the shaft opening structure, an opening steel plate 4 is connected and fixed to an earth retaining wall 2 by means of a connecting steel plate 6 which is arranged so as to enclose the periphery of openings 3 and 5 like a square frame. A sliding steel plate 7 is vertically movably arranged between the earth retaining wall 2 and the opening steel plate 4. By fixing the sliding steel plate 7 and the opening steel plate 4 to each other by means of bolts 10 and nuts 11 to block the opening 5, the interior of the shaft is cut off from the exterior of the same.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an excavator for starting and reaching a port when a tunnel is formed by starting an excavator from a shaft constructed by connecting a plurality of segments and submerging underground. The present invention relates to a configurable shaft opening structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, when constructing a tunnel or underground space with an excavator such as a shield excavator, first, a tunnel is to be excavated at both ends or an intermediate portion of a route to be excavated.
A shaft for starting and reaching the excavator (starting shaft and reaching shaft) is constructed, the excavator is lowered into the starting shaft, the lowered excavator is started from the starting shaft, and a predetermined route is excavated. To reach.

There are various methods for constructing a shaft, for example, an urban ring method and the like. Due to the deepening of the shaft to be constructed, extremely large earth pressure and water pressure act on the outside of the retaining wall constituting the shaft, and when the earth retaining wall is demolished to start the excavator, There is a problem that part of the earth and sand collapses and flows into the shaft, and the excavator cannot be started.

Therefore, conventionally, a ground improvement portion or a freezing portion is formed in front of the start port in order to prevent the surrounding ground from collapsing at the time of opening or to prevent groundwater from flowing into the shaft. The method has been performed (hereinafter referred to as “prior art 1”).

[0005] However, the prior art 1 has a problem that much cost and construction period are required for forming the ground improvement part and the frozen part.

For this reason, there is a need for a construction method capable of starting an excavator without performing ground improvement work around the start opening. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-205280 discloses a tunnel construction method using a shutter described below. Have been.

A starting port provided in a retaining wall (also referred to as a construction wall or the like) constituting the starting shaft is closed by a sealing material that can be excavated by an excavator. Further, a shutter that can be opened and closed is provided at the starting port. The shutter has sufficient strength to support the earth pressure and water pressure around the starting shaft. Further, a leakage preventing member for preventing the filler of the pressure chamber formed in the starting shaft when the excavator starts moving from leaking between the shutter and the construction wall when the shutter is released is provided on the shutter. Have been. A pressure chamber is formed between the shutter and the excavator to oppose the pressure outside the construction wall, and then the shutter is moved to release the starting port, and the excavator excavates the sealing material blocking the starting port. To start the excavator out of the starting shaft (hereinafter referred to as “prior art 2”).

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an opening structure of a shaft which can configure a starting port and a reaching port of an excavator with a simpler device than the prior art.

[0009]

According to the first aspect of the present invention,
An opening plate having an opening, which is arranged inside an opening provided in the retaining wall, and is movable between the retaining wall and the opening plate to open and close the opening of the opening plate. An opening / closing plate disposed between the opening plate and the retaining wall, wherein the opening plate is disposed so as to surround the opening of the opening plate and the opening of the retaining wall in a frame shape. A connecting member for connecting the opening and closing plate to the retaining wall, a slit for movably inserting the opening and closing plate, and a fixing for fixing the opening member and the opening and closing plate provided in the connecting member. Means.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the fixing means includes:
A plurality of screw holes provided in the opening plate, and a bolt that can be screwed into the screw hole provided in the opening plate,
A plurality of holes provided in the opening / closing plate for inserting bolts screwed into the screw holes, screwed into the screw holes of the opening plate material, and inserted into the holes of the opening / closing plate. A nut for screwing with a bolt to fix the opening plate and the opening / closing plate, and a reinforcing member fixed to the opening plate between the opening plate and the opening / closing plate, It is characterized by having the following.

The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that rotation preventing means for preventing the nut from rotating together with the rotation of the bolt is provided on the opening / closing plate.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the opening plate is provided with packing for filling a gap between the opening plate and the opening / closing plate, and the connecting member is provided with the slit and the opening / closing plate. It is characterized in that a packing for filling a gap with the plate is provided.

[0013]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an opening plate and an opening / closing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a fixed state of the opening plate and the open / close plate with bolts and nuts.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, a cylindrical shaft 1 is
For example, it is constructed by an urban ring method. Shaft 1
Is made of steel segments or the like. When the shaft 1 is cylindrical, the retaining wall 2 is slightly curved. The retaining wall 2 is provided with a rectangular opening 3 slightly smaller than the opening steel plate 4. Opening 3 is excavator 15
(See FIGS. 8 and 19) have a size that allows passage.

Inside the opening 3, that is, inside the shaft 1,
A square opening steel plate (opening plate material) 4 is arranged substantially parallel to the retaining wall 2. The opening steel plate 4 is curved with substantially the same curvature as the retaining wall 2. The shaft has a square shape, an oval shape, and the like in addition to the cylindrical shape as in this example. The opening steel plate 4 is formed in accordance with the shape (whether or not curved) of the retaining wall 2 constituting the shaft. . The opening steel plate 4 is provided with a circular opening 5. The opening 5 has a size that allows the excavator to pass through.

The opening steel plate 4 is connected between the opening steel plate 4 and the retaining wall 2 by a connecting steel plate (connecting member) 6 which is arranged so as to surround the openings 3 and 5 in a rectangular frame shape.
It is connected to and attached to the retaining wall 2.

A rectangular slide steel plate (opening / closing plate) 7 is disposed between the retaining wall 2 and the opening steel plate 4 in substantially parallel with the retaining wall 2 and the opening steel plate 4. Slide steel plate 7
Has a size capable of closing the opening 5 of the opening steel plate 4. The sliding steel plate 7 is also curved with substantially the same curvature as the retaining wall 2 and the opening steel plate 4. The upper part 6a of the connection steel plate 6 is provided with a slit 12 which can penetrate the slide steel plate 7 and has an area slightly larger than the cross-sectional area of the slide steel plate 7 (FIG. 4). The sliding steel plate 7 is arranged so as to be inserted through the slit 12, and is slidable up and down in a direction substantially parallel to the retaining wall 2 and the opening steel plate 4. The sliding steel plate 7 closes the opening 5 by bringing its lower end close to the lower portion 6b of the connecting steel plate 6, and at this time, the upper end thereof connects to the connecting steel plate 6.
Has a height protruding slightly upward from the upper part 6a (FIG. 1).

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, rubber packings 13, 13 for filling the gap between the opening steel plate 4 and the sliding steel plate 7 are provided on the opening steel plate 4. It is arranged all around. Further, a rubber packing 14 for filling a gap between the slit 12 and the slide steel plate 7 is provided below the upper portion 6 a of the connection steel plate 6 over the entire length of the slit 12.

The opening steel plate 4 has a plurality of screw holes 8 and the slide steel plate 7 has a plurality of holes 9 (FIG. 4). When the opening 5 is closed by the slide steel plate 7,
A bolt 10 is screwed into the screw hole 8 and further inserted into the hole 9,
Next, a nut 11 is screwed into the bolt 10 and tightened.
The opening steel plate 4 and the slide steel plate 7 can be fixed. Between the opening steel plate 4 and the slide steel plate 7, a spacer (reinforcement member) 26 is fixed to the opening steel plate 4 so as to cover the periphery of the bolt 10. The spacer 26 is interposed between the plates 4 and 7 to secure the strength of the plates 4 and 7 when the opening portion steel plate 4 and the slide plate 7 are fixed by the bolts 10 and the nuts 11.

When the opening 5 is opened, the nut 11 falls if the bolt 11 is pulled out from the hole 9 while loosening the bolt 10, and the slide steel plate 7 can be pulled upward. If the nut 11 rotates together with the bolt 10, the nut 11
Is provided with rotation preventing means that does not rotate with the bolt 10.
As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, a recess in which the nut 11 can be fitted is provided in the hole 9 of the slide steel plate 7, and if the nut 11 is fitted therein, the nut 11 does not rotate with the bolt 10. . Further, since the bolt 10 is screwed into the screw hole 8, groundwater does not leak or blow out from the screw hole 8.

Since the opening steel plate 4 is connected to the earth retaining wall 2 without leakage by the frame-shaped connecting steel plate 6, the opening 5 of the opening steel plate 4 is closed by the slide steel plate 7, so that the shaft can be erected. The inside and outside of 1 are shut off.
(FIG. 3).

[0023]

Next, an embodiment in which the opening structure of the present invention is applied to a starting port and a reaching port will be described. 6 to 20 are drawings according to the embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 6 to 11 show examples in which the present invention is applied to a starting port, FIGS. 12 to 18 show examples in which the present invention is applied to a reaching port, and FIGS. (A) to (G) are schematic process drawings of the entire construction for building a shaft and excavating a tunnel, FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state when a shaft is constructed.

The shaft 1 is constructed by, for example, an urban ring method. In the urban ring method shown in the embodiment, first, the hollow cylindrical body 19 is installed on the ground {FIG. 19 (A)}. This hollow cylinder is called urban ring.
This hollow cylindrical body (urban ring) 19 is assembled by connecting a plurality of piece members 20 made of steel segments or the like. At the same time as the inside of the hollow cylindrical body 19 is excavated, pressure is applied from the uppermost end, and the hollow cylindrical body 19 is buried underground. Piece members 20 are sequentially connected to the uppermost end of the hollow cylindrical body 19, and the overall length of the hollow cylindrical body 19 in the vertical direction increases.
(A), (B)｝. And by repeating the excavation and pressurization, the earth retaining wall (subsided body) 2 is constructed deep underground.
9 (C)｝.

The manner of constructing the shaft (starting shaft, reaching shaft) {FIG. 19B} will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 20, a plurality of ground anchors 22 are previously driven around a space where the hollow cylindrical body 19 is pressurized and laid, and an anchor wire 24 connected to the ground anchor 22 is a hollow cylindrical body. It is fixed to an upper beam 21 provided above 19. A press-fit girder 25 is mounted on the upper part of the hollow cylindrical body 19 via a protection ring 23.
A jack receiving stand 27 and a press-fit jack 29 are provided between the upper beam 21 and the upper beam 21. When the press-in jack 29 operates to widen the space between the upper beam 21 and the press-fitting girder 25, the press-in force is applied through the press-fitting girder 25 and the protection ring 23.
9, the hollow cylindrical body 19 is pressed downward toward the ground. Further, a hammer grab bucket 31, which is a type of excavator, is suspended by a wire 33 and excavates the ground inside the hollow cylindrical body 19. Thus, the hollow cylindrical body 19 is laid underground, and the shaft 1 is constructed.

The excavator 15 is started from the shaft (start shaft) 1 thus constructed. 6 to 11, FIGS. 7, 9, and 11 are side views of FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, until the excavator 15 is started from the shaft 1, the slide steel plate 7 is fixed to the opening steel plate 4 by bolts 10 and nuts 11, and the opening 5 is closed by the slide steel plate 7. . Excavator 15 in shaft 1
(FIG. 19D). Next, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the unit 16 equipped with the packing 17 is attached to the opening 5 in the shaft 1. Then unit 1
6, the excavator 15 is mounted, and the slide steel plate 7 and the excavator 15 are mounted.
Pressure or mud pressure against the ground is applied to the space (pressure chamber) formed between them. Next, the bolt 10 is loosened as shown in FIGS. At this time, the nut 11 does not rotate together with the bolt 10, and if the bolt 10 comes out of the screw holes 8 and 9, the nut 11 falls (FIG. 5). Next, the slide steel plate 7 is pulled out upward. Thereafter, the excavator 15 is started, and the tunnel 30 is excavated to the shaft 1 (the reaching shaft) 1 (FIGS. 19E and 19F).

In FIGS. 12 to 18, FIGS.
FIG. 16 is a plan view of FIGS. The excavator 15 reaches the shaft (attainment shaft) 1 constructed at the end of the predetermined route {FIGS. 12 to 15, 19 (G)}. As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the opening 5 is closed by the slide steel plate 7 in the shaft (reach shaft) 1. Next, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the unit 16 equipped with the packing 17 and the closing plate 18 is mounted inside the opening 5 in the shaft 1. Then, between the sliding steel plate 7 and the closing plate 18, a water pressure or a mud pressure against the ground side is applied. Then, FIG.
As shown in (1), the bolt 10 is loosened, the nut 11 is dropped, and the slide steel plate 7 is pulled upward to open the opening 5. Next, as shown in FIG.
Is pushed into the unit 16, the packing 17 is inflated and pressed against the outer peripheral portion of the excavator 15. Next, as shown in FIG. 18, the closing plate 18 is removed, and the tunnel penetrates.

[0028]

As described above, according to the shaft opening structure of the shaft of the present invention, the following useful effects can be obtained. An opening plate having an opening through which an excavator can pass is connected to a retaining wall of a shaft constructed by an urban ring method or the like without leakage by a frame-like connecting member, and the opening is provided by an opening / closing plate. By closing the opening of the plate, the inside and outside of the shaft can be shut off, and the starting port and the reaching port of the excavator can be configured. The opening plate and the opening / closing plate are integrated by coupling the bolt and the nut, thereby increasing rigidity. Since the nut does not rotate together with the bolt, if the bolt is loosened, the nut falls and the opening / closing plate can be removed from the opening plate by working from the inside of the shaft.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 3;

FIGS. 5A and 5B are cross-sectional views showing a fixed state and a state in which the nut is dropped by a bolt and a nut of an opening plate and an opening / closing plate.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a starting port.

FIG. 7 is a side view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a start port.

FIG. 9 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a start port.

FIG. 11 is a side view of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a plan view showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an arrival port.

FIG. 13 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a plan view showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an arrival port.

FIG. 15 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 16 is a side view showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an arrival port.

FIG. 17 is a side view showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an arrival port.

FIG. 18 is a side view showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an arrival port.

FIGS. 19A to 19G are schematic process diagrams of the entire construction work for constructing a shaft and excavating a tunnel.

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing a situation when a shaft is constructed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vertical shaft 2 Retaining wall 3 Retaining wall opening 4 Opening steel plate 5 Opening steel plate opening 6 Connection steel plate 6a Upper connection steel plate 6b Lower connection steel plate 7 Slide steel plate 8 Screw hole of opening steel plate 9 Hole of slide steel plate Reference Signs List 10 bolt 11 nut 12 slit 13 packing 14 packing 15 excavator 16 unit 17 packing 18 closing plate 19 hollow cylindrical body 20 piece member 21 upper beam 22 ground anchor 23 protective ring 24 anchor wire 25 press-fitting girder 26 spacer 27 jack cradle 29 press-fitting Jack 30 tunnel 31 hammer grab bucket 33 wire

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] February 6, 2001 (2001.2.6)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Claim 1

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0009

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0009]

According to the first aspect of the present invention,
An opening plate having an opening, which is arranged inside an opening provided in the retaining wall, and is movable between the retaining wall and the opening plate to open and close the opening of the opening plate. An opening / closing plate disposed between the opening plate and the retaining wall, wherein the opening plate is disposed so as to surround the opening of the opening plate and the opening of the retaining wall in a frame shape. and a connecting member for connecting the earth retaining wall, wherein provided in the connecting member, and a slit for inserting movably the closing plate, for fixing said closing plate and the opening plate member And a fixing means.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An opening plate member having an opening disposed inside an opening provided in a retaining wall, and opening and closing the opening plate member between the retaining wall and the opening plate member. The opening / closing plate movably disposed for the opening plate material and the retaining wall are disposed so as to surround the opening of the opening plate material and the opening of the retaining wall in a frame shape. A connection member for connecting the opening plate and the retaining wall,
An opening in a shaft, comprising: a slit provided in the connection member for movably inserting the opening / closing plate; and fixing means for fixing the opening member and the opening / closing plate. Part structure. 2. The fixing means includes a plurality of screw holes provided in the opening plate, a bolt screwable to the screw hole provided in the opening plate, and the opening / closing plate. A plurality of holes for inserting bolts screwed into the screw holes, and screwed into the screw holes in the opening plate material and screwed into the holes in the opening and closing plate, A nut for fixing the opening plate and the opening / closing plate, and a reinforcing member fixed to the opening plate between the opening plate and the opening / closing plate are provided. The opening structure of a shaft according to claim 1. 3. The shaft opening structure according to claim 2, wherein rotation preventing means for preventing the nut from rotating together with the rotation of the bolt is provided on the opening / closing plate. 4. A packing for filling a gap between the opening plate and the opening / closing plate is provided in the opening plate, and a gap between the slit and the opening / closing plate is filled in the connection member. The opening structure of a shaft according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a gasket is provided.