JP2002088939A - Ventilation structure of building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ventilation structure of a building, in which not only air in each room is laced but also air in the whole building on the inside of a wall body or the like is ventilated properly while the building can be cooled and heated by utilizing a circulating system. SOLUTION: The insides of each room and the insides of walls are ventilated properly at all times by collecting air introduced from suction ports 3 for introducing the outside air formed to parts of each room 4 to indoor spaces 4a on the insides of each room 4 into the attic space 9a of an attic 9 via exterior- wall airways 7 and partition-wall airways 8 through floor airways 6 from opening sections 5 formed to the surfaces of the finished floor boards 43 of each room 4 and discharging air to the outside through an exhauster 10 installed to the attic 9, and circulating pipes 41 are piped into double floors 40, warm water or cold water is circulated to the circulating pipes 41 according to seasons, and the insides of each room 4 can be cooled and heated by warm air or cold air dissipated from the walls when warm air or cold air dissipated from the circulating pipes 41 passes through the exterior-wall airways 7 and the partition-wall airways 8.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a highly airtight building, in which air is introduced from an intake port for introducing outside air provided in a part of each room (room), and the air is constantly removed from the indoor space of each room. Air is collected in the attic space of the attic through the ventilation path of the outer floor and the partition wall passage through the ventilation path of the heavy floor, and is discharged outside by the forced exhaust device provided in the attic, and the room is closed for a long time. The present invention relates to a ventilation structure of a building that can circulate air throughout the building even if there is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional air circulation building, for example, there is one described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-125544. That is, in the conventional air circulation building, not only the air in the room is replaced, but also the ventilation of the entire building such as the inside of the wall is appropriately performed.

[0003]

However, in the case of the above-mentioned conventional air-circulating building, it is effective that the whole building such as the inside of the wall is properly ventilated, but one end of the outside air introduction duct is connected to the building. Opened outside, introduced outside air into the underfloor space through a duct using a heat exchange ventilation fan, passed through the in-wall ventilation path from the gap under the floor, and into each room from the opening provided in the in-wall ventilation path The air supplied and supplied to the room is configured so that after returning to the room, the air is discharged from the intake port to the outside through the heat exchange ventilation fan through the duct, but the equipment cost of the duct in each room Is enormous, and harmful if a termite control agent is sprayed under the floor.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a highly airtight building and a forced discharge device installed in the attic of the building. Due to the suction of air, a series of air flows with the indoor space in each room, the floor ventilation path in the double floor, the outer wall ventilation path and the partition wall ventilation path, the attic space in the attic, and the above described Piping a circulation pipe in the double floor by piggybacking on the flow of air, circulating hot or cold water in the circulation pipe according to the season, and warm air or cold air radiating from the circulation pipe is ventilated to the outer wall and partition wall. When passing through the road, each room can be cooled and heated on average with the radiated warm air or cool air.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is that, particularly without passing through the underfloor space, no impure and harmful air is introduced into the room, and further, without opening and closing windows and the like, The air in the indoor space is introduced into the attic space through the floor ventilation channel in the double floor, through the outer wall ventilation channel and the partition wall ventilation channel, and the air in the attic space is forcibly discharged to the outside. An object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation structure of a building in which ventilation is suitably performed.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a highly airtight building having a roof, a floor, and a heat insulating board having a predetermined shape inside an outer wall. A building having a configuration in which air communicates with an indoor space, a floor ventilation path of a double floor of each room, an outer wall ventilation path, a partition wall ventilation path, and an attic space of an attic, The part is provided with an intake port for introducing outside air, and the air introduced into the room space of each of the rooms is passed through the floor ventilation passage from a plurality of openings provided on the surface of the finished floor material of each of the rooms. And collecting the air collected in the attic space through the outer wall ventilation path and the partition wall ventilation path into the attic space of the attic, and discharging the air collected in the attic space to the outside through a forced discharge device installed in the attic. Consists of
Ventilation throughout the building is preferred.

Ventilation holes are provided at a plurality of locations in the middle and horizontal frames of the frame, which is a constituent member of the outer wall panel, and are provided in the horizontal direction as structural members of the building, and the width in the direction perpendicular to the wall surface is narrower than the frame. Body difference, abut the upper end of the frame of the lower floor and the lower frame of the upper floor of each of the horizontal frame, cut off the inner edge of the width difference between the body difference and the horizontal frame at a plurality of locations, By providing a gap or space between the inner wall material stretched inside the frame body and the outer wall material stretched outside, the outer wall ventilation path through which air flows vertically is formed, The flow of air inside the outer wall panel is improved, preventing the occurrence of dew condensation and, at the same time, preventing the base from being corroded.

[0008] The outer wall panel has ventilation holes at a plurality of positions in the middle and horizontal frames of the frame, which are constituent members of the outer wall panel, and is provided horizontally as a structural member of a building, and has a width in a direction perpendicular to a wall surface. The eaves girder narrower than the frame abuts on the horizontal frame at the upper end of the frame on the upper floor, the inner edge of the width difference between the eaves girder and the horizontal frame is cut out at a plurality of locations, and the inside of the frame is A gap or space is provided between the stretched inner wall material and the outer wall material stretched outward, and the outer wall ventilation path through which air flows in the vertical direction is formed, thereby allowing air to flow in the attic direction. Sex has improved.

[0009] Further, the outer wall panel has ventilation holes at a plurality of vertical and middle vertical frames above and below an opening (window) of the frame which is a constituent member of the frame. A gap or space is provided between the inner wall material stretched inward and the outer wall material stretched outward, and the outer wall ventilation path through which air flows in the vertical and horizontal directions is formed, so that the upper and lower openings are formed. The air permeability of the part was improved.

[0010] Then, on the upper surface of the lower floor plate of the double floor in each of the above-mentioned rooms, finish floor plate joists for supporting the finish floor plate are arranged in a predetermined direction at predetermined intervals, and each of the finish floor plate joists is provided. Has a plurality of ventilation holes through which air also flows in the orthogonal direction of the floor joists for the finish, providing a gap or space between the lower floor and the finish floor, an outer wall ventilation path around each room and The formation of the floor ventilation passage through which air flows toward the partition wall ventilation passage made the air permeability of the floor ventilation passage uniform.

Further, hot or cold water circulating through a boiler and a pump depending on the season is circulated through a circulation pipe laid in the double floor of each room, and warm air or cold air radiated from the circulation pipe is When passing through the outer wall ventilation path and the partition wall ventilation path via the floor ventilation path of each room, it is possible to dissipate warm or cool air in the outer wall ventilation path and the partition wall ventilation path into the respective rooms to perform cooling and heating. .

The forced discharge device installed on the attic has an opening / closing air communication means provided in the forced discharge device in order to adjust the amount of air discharged according to the temperature or humidity in each room. It is possible to control the temperature of indoor air conditioning.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments. [First Embodiment of the Invention] FIGS. 1 to 7 show a ventilation structure for a building according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, FIG. 1 will be mainly described, and figures to be referred to as appropriate will be displayed. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a half of Example 1 of a ventilation structure for a building according to the present invention. This embodiment is a building in which an outer wall and a partition wall are constructed by a panel construction method. It is a highly airtight building provided with a heat insulating board of a predetermined form inside a roof, a floor, and an outer wall.

The air introduced from the heat exchange type intake port 3 for introducing outside air provided in a part of each chamber 4 is provided with a grating type opening provided on the surface of the finished floor plate 43 of the double floor 40 in each room. From the part 5 through the floor ventilation path 6, through the outer wall ventilation path 7 and the partition wall ventilation path 8, it was collected in the attic space 9a of the attic 9, and the air collected in the attic space 9a was installed in the attic 9. By discharging to the outside via the forced discharge device 10, ventilation of the entire building such as the inside of the wall is appropriately performed.

The outer wall panel 20 comprises a frame 22.
An outer wall material 31 is stretched outside the frame body 22, an inner wall material 30 is stretched inside the frame body 22, and an outer wall ventilation path 7 is formed in the frame body 22. As the inner wall material 30, for example, a gypsum board can be used. Reference numeral 31 denotes an outer wall material, which is stretched outside the frame 22. The outer wall material 31 has at least a layer of structural plywood, and has a vertical frame 23, a horizontal frame 24, and a middle vertical frame 25 of the frame 22.
Then, the outer wall ventilation path 7 is formed by being nailed to the middle horizontal frame 26 and the like. By nailing the outer wall material 31, a wall having a load bearing strength can be obtained (see FIGS. 2 and 3).

The partition wall panel 21 (not shown) includes a frame 22a.
It is composed of The frame 22a includes a vertical frame 23, a horizontal frame 24, and a middle vertical frame 25. For example, a gypsum board can be used on both sides of the frame 22a. For example, a gypsum board can be used on one side of the frame body 22a where wall strength is required by the partition wall panel 21, and at least the other side is covered with plywood, and a vertical frame 23 and a horizontal frame 24 of the frame body 22a are provided. The partition wall ventilation path 8 composed of the middle vertical frame 25 is formed (see FIG. 1).

The components of the frame 22 of the outer wall panel 20 include a frame
The middle horizontal frame 26 has a plurality of ventilation holes 27, and is provided as a structural member in the horizontal direction, and the width in the direction orthogonal to the wall surface is smaller than the frame body 22. The upper edge of the upper frame and the lower edge of the frame body 22 of the upper floor (the lower floor plate 42 is sandwiched) are in contact with the respective horizontal frames 24, and a notch 33 is formed at the inner edge of the width difference between the body difference 28 and the horizontal frame 24.
Are provided at a plurality of locations, and an inner wall material 30 stretched inside the frame 22.
A gap or space is provided between the outer wall material 31 and the outer wall material 31 stretched to the outside, and an outer wall ventilation path 7 through which air flows in the vertical direction is formed. Yes (see Figure 4).

A member of the outer wall panel 20, which has a plurality of ventilation holes 27 in the middle and horizontal frames 26 of the frame 22, is provided horizontally as a structural member, and has a width in the direction perpendicular to the wall surface which is larger than that of the frame 22. The narrow eaves girder 29 abuts the horizontal frame 24 at the upper end of the frame 22 on the upper floor.
A plurality of notches 33 are provided at the inner edge of the width difference portion of the horizontal frame 24 and the gap between the inner wall material 30 stretched inside the frame 22 and the outer wall material 31 stretched outside. Alternatively, a space was provided, and the outer wall ventilation path 7 through which air circulated in the vertical direction was formed, and the ventilation of the horizontal member portion of the eaves girder 29 could be cleared (see FIG. 5).

The constituent members of the frame 22 of the outer wall panel 20
The vertical frame 23 of the upper and lower portions of the opening (window) 34 of 22, the ventilation hole 27 at a plurality of locations of the middle vertical frame 25, the inner wall material 30 stretched inside the frame 22, and the outside A gap or space is provided between the outer wall material 31 and the outer wall material 31, and an outer wall ventilation path 7 through which air flows in the vertical and horizontal directions is formed in upper and lower portions of the opening (window) 34 of the frame 22.
The steel attachment plates 47 at the plurality of ventilation holes 27 of the vertical frame 23 are for maintaining the strength of the vertical frame 23 (see FIG. 6).

In the construction of the floor of each floor, a lower floor plate 42 is provided above a joist 45, and a finished floor joist 44 is disposed on the upper surface of the lower floor plate 42 at a predetermined interval in a predetermined direction. A double floor 40 is formed by stretching a finish floor plate 43 on the upper side of the floor. A gap or space is provided between a lower floor plate 42 stretched below the double floor 40 and a finish floor plate 43 stretched above the finish floor joist 44 to form a floor ventilation passage 6 through which air flows. (See FIG. 7).

Then, on the upper surface of the lower floor plate 42 of the double floor 40 of each room 4, finish floor joists 44 for supporting the finish floor plate 43 are arranged at predetermined intervals in a predetermined direction, and the finish floor joists 44 are provided.
Each has a plurality of ventilation holes 46 through which air flows in a direction orthogonal to the finished floor panel joists 44.

Air introduced from a plurality of grating-type openings 5 provided on the surface of the finished floor plate 43 of each chamber 4 is supplied to the outer wall ventilation path 7 and the partition wall ventilation path 8 around each chamber 4. Four
A floor ventilation path 6 that flows in the direction is formed.

On the upper surface of the floor plate 42 below the double floor 40, a heat insulating board 2 is placed between each of the finished floor joists 44.
A circulation pipe 41 is provided on the upper surface of the heat insulating board 2, and a circulation pipe 41 is piped in between each of the finishing floor joists 44, and the circulation pipe 41 is routed between the other finishing floor joists 44. Connected and plumbed.

In addition, warm water or cold air circulated through the circulation pipe 41 in the double bed 40 is circulated through the boiler 47 and the pump 48 in the winter and the cold water in the summer. 4 double floor 40 floor floor ventilation path 6, through the outer wall ventilation path
When passing through the partition wall 7 and the partition wall ventilation path 8, the warm or cold air in the wall can be diffused into each room 4 according to the season, and can be cooled and heated.

In the forced discharge device 10 installed on the attic 9,
In order to adjust the amount of air discharged according to the room temperature or humidity of each room 4, the forced discharge device 10 is provided with an open / close air communication means 11. However, the ventilation structure of this building is also effective in a three-story building.

[Embodiment 2] FIGS. 8 and 9 show a ventilation structure of a building 1a according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In FIG. 8, reference numeral 1a denotes a concrete building. The building 1a is a highly airtight building provided with a heat insulating board 2 of a predetermined form inside the outer wall 50 and inside the concrete slabs 51 and 51a below and above each room 4, each room 4
Indoor space 4a, double floor 40, floor ventilation path 6 of double floor 40
In addition, air is communicated between the outer wall ventilation path 7, the partition wall ventilation path 8, and the space 56a above the ceiling 56.

In the ventilation structure for a building according to the second embodiment, the air introduced into the indoor space 4a of each room 4 from the heat exchange type intake port 3 for introducing outside air provided on the outer wall 50 of each room 4 Each room
4 through a plurality of grating-type openings 5 provided on the surface of the finished floor panel 43, through a double floor floor ventilation path 6, through an outer wall ventilation path 7 and a partition wall ventilation path 8, and Ceiling space 56
The forced air exhaust device 58 installed in the ceiling 56
Through the duct 57 to the outside. The second embodiment is characterized in that the ventilation structure of the building can be implemented even if the building of the first embodiment has a wooden structure, even if the building has a concrete structure. Note that, in the second embodiment, the ventilation structure of the building for each section of the concrete wall of one house is used (see FIG. 8).

In the ventilation structure for a building according to the second embodiment, studs 52 are arranged at predetermined intervals on the indoor wall surfaces of the outer wall 50 and the partition wall 59 at a predetermined interval. The rim 53 is disposed on the surface of the rim 53 in a predetermined direction at a predetermined interval, the inner wall material 30 is stretched on the indoor side surface of the rim 53, a gap or space is provided between the rim 53 and the concrete wall surface, and air is vertically Are formed to form an outer wall ventilation path 7 and a partition wall ventilation path 8 (see FIG. 8).

In the ventilation structure for a building according to the second embodiment, the forced discharge device 58 installed in the ceiling
In order to adjust the amount of air discharged in accordance with the indoor temperature or humidity, the open / close air communication means 60 is provided in the forced discharge device. Other functions and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment, except for the configurations of the outer wall panel 20 and the partition wall panel 21 of the first embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.
(See FIG. 8).

[0030]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, in a highly airtight building provided with a heat insulating board having a predetermined shape inside a roof, a floor, and an outer wall, The air introduced into the room from the outside air intake port provided on the outside is supplied to the exterior wall ventilation passage and the partition wall ventilation passage through the floor ventilation passage from a plurality of openings provided on the surface of the finished floor plate of each room. The air that has passed through the attic and collected in the attic space of the attic is discharged to the outside by the forced exhaust device installed in the attic, and the air inside the building, such as inside the wall, is sucked up by the forced exhaust device at the attic. This makes it possible to prevent the base from being corroded by dew condensation and the occurrence of mold and ticks in the room. Furthermore, even in a building that has been closed for a long time, indoor air can always be circulated.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, ventilation holes are provided at a plurality of locations on the middle and horizontal frames of the frame, which is a constituent member of the outer wall panel, and are provided in the horizontal direction as structural members of the building, and are provided on the wall surface. The width difference in the direction perpendicular to the frame is narrower than the frame, and the upper and lower frames are attached to the horizontal frame at the upper end of the lower frame and the lower frame of the upper frame, respectively.
Cut out the inner edge of the width difference between the body difference and the horizontal frame at multiple locations,
A gap or space is provided between the wall material stretched inside and outside the frame body, and air is circulated in the vertical direction to improve the air permeability of the floor frame between the lower floor and the upper floor .

According to the third aspect of the present invention, ventilation holes are provided at a plurality of locations in the middle and horizontal frames of the frame body, which is a constituent member of the outer wall panel, and are provided in the horizontal direction as structural members of the building. The eaves girder whose width in the orthogonal direction is smaller than the frame abuts on the horizontal frame at the upper end of the frame on the upper floor, and cuts out several places on the inner edge of the width difference between the eaves girder and the horizontal frame, A gap or space is provided between the inside and outside of the wall material to allow air to flow in the vertical direction, thereby improving air permeability in the attic direction.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the ventilation holes are formed in the vertical frame of the upper and lower portions of the opening (window) and the middle vertical frame of the outer wall panel. A gap or space is provided between the inside and outside of the frame body, and the air in the upper and lower portions of the opening is better circulated in the vertical and horizontal directions.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, finish floor joists supporting the double floor finish floor boards are arranged at predetermined intervals in a predetermined direction, and are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the finish floor joists. A plurality of ventilation holes through which air flows are provided, and a gap or space is provided between the lower floor plate and the finished floor plate, so that the air in the floor ventilation path can be kept uniform in front, rear, left and right.

According to the sixth aspect of the invention, warm water or cold air radiated from the circulation pipe is circulated by circulating hot water in winter and cold water in summer in the circulation pipe laid in the double floor of each room. When passing through the outer wall ventilation path and the partition wall ventilation path through the floor ventilation path, it is possible to cool or heat by dissipating warm or cold air to each room, and keep all rooms in the building at a uniform temperature. Can be.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, by providing the open / close type air communication means in the forced exhaust device installed on the attic, the amount of discharged air can be adjusted, and the indoor air volume of each room can be adjusted. Temperature and humidity can be adjusted.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of approximately one half of a ventilation structure for a building according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a rectangular cross-sectional view of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an outer wall panel.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a main part of a body difference portion.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a main part of an eaves girder part.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a main part of an opening portion of the outer wall panel.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a main part of a floor assembly and an outer wall panel.

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of substantially one half of a ventilation structure for a building according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a main part of a floor assembly and an outer wall according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 building, 1a concrete building, 2 insulation board, 3
Inlet, 4 rooms (rooms), 4a Indoor space, 5 openings, 6 floor ventilation, 7 exterior wall ventilation, 8 partition wall ventilation, 9 attic, 9a
Attic space, 10 Compulsory discharge device, 11 Open / close air communication means, 20 Exterior wall panel, 21 Partition wall panel, 22, 22a, Frame, 23 Vertical frame, 24 Horizontal frame, 25 Medium vertical frame, 26 Medium horizontal frame, 27 Ventilation holes, 28 body gaps, 29 eaves, 30 inner wall materials, 31 outer wall materials,
32, 32a Partition wall material, 33 notch, 34 opening (window), 40
Double floor, 41 Circulation pipe, 42 Lower floor, 43 Finished floor, 44 Finished floor joist, 45 Joist, 46 Ventilation, 50 Exterior wall (concrete wall), 51, 51a, Concrete slab, 5
2 studs, 53 torso, 54 bar, 55 joist, 56 attic, 56a
Space above the ceiling, 57 ducts, 58 forced discharge devices, 59 partition walls, 60 openable air communication means,

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A highly airtight building provided with a heat insulating board of a predetermined form inside a roof, a floor, and an outer wall, comprising: an indoor space of each room; a floor ventilation path of a double floor of each room; An outer wall ventilation path, a partition wall ventilation path, and a building in which air communicates with an attic space of an attic, wherein an intake port for introducing outside air is provided in a part of each of the rooms, and the room of each of the rooms is provided. The air introduced into the space passes through the floor ventilation path from a plurality of openings provided on the surface of the finished floorboard of each room, passes through the outer wall ventilation path and the partition wall ventilation path, and enters the attic space of the attic. A ventilation structure for a building, characterized in that the collected air is discharged through a forced discharge device installed in the attic. 2. A frame, which is a constituent member of an outer wall panel, has ventilation holes at a plurality of positions in a middle and horizontal frame, is provided in a horizontal direction as a structural member of a building, and has a width in a direction perpendicular to a wall surface. A narrower body difference is brought into contact with the upper frame of the lower floor frame and the lower frame of the upper frame frame, and the inner edge of the width difference between the width difference and the width of the horizontal frame at a plurality of locations. Notch, a gap or space is provided between an inner wall material stretched inside the frame body and an outer wall material stretched outside, and the outer wall ventilation path through which air flows in the vertical direction is formed. The ventilation structure for a building according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation is performed. 3. A frame has a ventilation hole at a plurality of positions in a middle and horizontal frame of the frame, which is a constituent member of the outer wall panel, is provided in a horizontal direction as a structural member of a building, and has a width in a direction perpendicular to a wall surface. The eaves girder narrower than the frame abuts on the horizontal frame at the upper end of the upper frame, the inner edge of the width difference between the eaves girder and the horizontal frame is cut out at a plurality of locations, and the inside of the frame is A gap or space is provided between the stretched inner wall material and the outer wall material stretched outward, and the outer wall ventilation path through which air flows in the vertical direction is formed. The ventilation structure of the building described in 1 or 2. 4. A ventilation hole is provided at a plurality of positions of a vertical frame and a middle vertical frame of upper and lower portions of an opening (window) of the frame, which is a constituent member of the outer wall panel, and is stretched inside the frame. A gap or space is provided between the provided inner wall material and the outer wall material stretched outward, and the outer wall ventilation path through which air flows in the vertical and horizontal directions is formed. 3. The ventilation structure of the building according to 3. 5. A finish floor board joist for supporting a finish floor board is provided in a predetermined direction on a top surface of a lower floor board of the double floor in each room at a predetermined interval, and each of the finish floor board joists is provided. Has a plurality of ventilation holes through which air flows in the direction orthogonal to the finishing floorboard joists, providing a gap or space between the lower flooring and the finishing floorboard, the outer wall ventilation path around each room and The floor ventilation path through which air flows toward the partition wall ventilation path is formed.
4. The ventilation structure of the building according to 4. 6. A hot or cold air, which circulates hot or cold water through a boiler and a pump depending on the season in a circulation pipe laid in the double floor of each of the rooms, and emits warm air or cold air from the circulation pipe, When passing through the outer wall ventilation path and the partition wall ventilation path via the floor ventilation path of each room, heat or cool air in the outer wall ventilation path and the partition wall ventilation path is diffused into each room to perform cooling and heating. 6. The ventilation structure for a building according to claim 5, wherein: 7. The forcible discharge device installed on the attic is provided with an open / close air communication means in the forcible discharge device in order to adjust the amount of air discharged according to the temperature or humidity in each room. 2. The ventilation structure for a building according to claim 1, wherein: