JP2002088744A - Method of forming opening section in wall body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method, in which an opening section can be formed economically, reducing the deterioration of work environment as much as possible, in the method of forming the opening section in a wall body such as a dam levee body. SOLUTION: When an opening section is formed, left-right longitudinal sections at a formation predetermined place are cut by a wire saw, and side-face cutting-plane lines 16 are formed. Transverse cutting-plane lines 22, in which both ends reach the side-face cutting-plane lines 16, are formed into places partitioned by the side-face cutting-plane lines 16 by the wire saw at regular intervals in the vertical direction successively from the upper end sides, and a wall body is divided into stepped blocks 24a-24d. A process, in which stepped blocks 24a-24d at every step are divided into sections in the vertical direction and divided into small blocks 28a-28c capable of being carried out, is contained. In the division process of the small blocks 28a-28c, a plurality of vertical core boreholes 30 extended in approximately the vertical direction are formed into the stepped blocks, cylinder heads for hydraulic crushers are inserted and installed into a pair of the adjacent vertical core boreholes 30 respectively, the peripheries of the boreholes 30 are crushed by the expansion actuation of the cylinder heads, and vertical cutting-plane lines 27 are formed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for forming an opening in a wall made of a reinforcing steel or unreinforced concrete.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method for forming an opening for a fishway or the like in a concrete wall such as a dam embankment, for example, an opening method disclosed in JP-A-7-173820 is known.

The opening method proposed in this publication is a method of forming an opening in a reinforced concrete dam embankment having a thickness of 1 m or more.
By drilling a cable through hole in the thickness direction by a core drill at each corner of the opening forming area, winding a wire saw between adjacent cable through holes, circulating the wire saw under a predetermined tension state, This is a method of cutting and removing a columnar body for forming an opening from a bank body, and then crushing and removing the columnar body.

According to the opening method proposed in this publication, an opening having a required size can be accurately formed without causing undesired destruction to the surroundings. However, such a conventional opening method has a problem described below.

[0005]

That is, in the opening method proposed in the above-mentioned open construction method, the columnar body for forming the opening is cut on four sides by a wire saw. A large number of diamond beads are loosely fitted at a predetermined distance from each other, and the diamond beads are cut by frictionally running on concrete.

When concrete is cut by the friction of such diamond beads, the cut surface becomes smooth, but the diamond beads wear as they are cut and become unusable, and the wire saw using diamond beads is expensive. Therefore, there was a problem that the construction cost was extremely high.

In the opening method disclosed in the above publication, it is also proposed that the columnar body cut and separated by the wire saw is crushed and removed by using the wire saw to cut the columnar body into blocks. However, when such a method is adopted, high cost construction is required to remove the columnar portion to be disposed of, and there is a problem that the economy of the construction is further deteriorated.

Further, in cutting with a wire saw, it is necessary to inject water to reduce the wear of the diamond beads. However, when water is injected, muddy water containing the cut concrete powder is scattered and the working environment deteriorates. However, post-processing such as cleaning is required, and it has been demanded to eliminate such inconvenience as much as possible.

The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and an object of the present invention is to economically reduce the deterioration of the working environment and the like while opening the opening portion economically. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method capable of forming

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, in a method of forming an opening in a wall such as a dam embankment, a method of forming an opening in a wall such as a dam embankment includes forming side cut lines on both sides of a place where the opening is to be formed. Forming a horizontal cutting line at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction in order from the upper end side in the opening to be formed, which is defined by the side cutting line, and forming the opening; The step of dividing the wall body in the planned place into a plurality of stepped blocks and the stepped block of each step divided by the horizontal cutting line can be vertically separated and carried out by forming a vertical cutting line Dividing the small block into a plurality of small blocks, the side cutting line and the horizontal cutting line are formed by circulating a wire saw, and the dividing step of the small block includes:
A plurality of vertical core boring holes extending in a substantially vertical direction are formed in the stepped block, and a cylinder head of a hydraulic crusher is inserted and installed in a pair of adjacent vertical core boring holes, respectively. , The periphery of the vertical core boring hole is crushed to form the vertical cutting line. According to the method of forming an opening in the wall body configured as described above, the cutting by the wire saw is only a side cutting line at a place where the opening is to be formed and a horizontal cutting line that is divided into step-shaped blocks, so that the working cost is not so high. However, deterioration of the working environment due to water injection can be extremely reduced. The vertical cutting line may be formed in a direction parallel to the side cutting line. According to this configuration, since the direction of the enlarging operation of the cylinder head when forming the vertical cutting line is parallel to the side cutting line, it is possible to avoid inconveniences such as narrowing the interval between the side cutting lines formed by the wire saw. be able to.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 8 show one embodiment of a method for forming an opening in a wall according to the present invention.

The method of forming the opening shown in FIG.
0, for example, when the fishway opening 12 is formed in an almost damped existing dam embankment in which a reinforcing bar is buried only at the connection between the blocks and is laid at the connection between the blocks at that time. FIG.

The method for forming an opening according to the present invention can be applied not only to a concrete wall which can be said to be substantially unstripped, but also to a reinforced concrete wall.

The wall 10 constructed as a dam embankment includes:
As shown in FIG. 1, the front and rear surfaces are inclined so that the width gradually increases from the upper end side to the lower end side, and the longitudinal section has a substantially trapezoidal shape. In the case of the present embodiment, water is stored in the dam on the rear side, and the water discharge side is on the front side.

With respect to the wall 10 having such a shape, the opening 12 is opened so that the upper end coincides with the upper end of the wall 10.
It is formed in a substantially concave shape so that both side surfaces and the bottom surface are located inside the wall body 10.

When forming such an opening 12,
First, as shown in FIG. 1, the left and right vertical cross sections of the place where the opening 12 is to be formed are cut by a wire saw 14, and a pair of opposing side cutting lines 16 separating both sides of the opening 12.
Are formed at predetermined intervals.

When the side cut line 16 is formed, a small-diameter boring hole 18 that penetrates the wall body 10 in a substantially horizontal direction is formed on both sides of the lower end side of the place where the opening 12 is to be formed. This small-diameter boring hole 18 is
May have a diameter that can be inserted, for example, a diameter of about several tens of mm.

When the small-diameter boring hole 18 is formed, the wire saw 14 is inserted into the small-diameter boring hole 18 and wound along a longitudinal section, and the wound wire saw 14 is guided to the wire saw driving device 20 side. The wall body 10 is cut by circulating and running in a predetermined tension state by a driving pulley provided in the wire saw driving device 20, and a pair of side cutting lines 16 facing each other are sequentially formed.

When the side cutting line 16 is formed by the wire saw 14, the wire saw 14 is loosened with the progress of the cutting. Therefore, the wire saw driving device 20 is moved backward to maintain a predetermined tension state. In addition, this side cutting line 16
In the formation of water, if water is stored in the dam, water injection is almost unnecessary.

Each of the side cutting lines 1 thus formed
6 is maintained at an interval corresponding to the diameter of the wire saw 20;
The cut surfaces are both side surfaces of the opening 12. In this case, when a pair of side cut lines 16 are formed on both sides of the place where the opening 12 is to be formed by the wire saw 20, the cut end surface of the wall body 10 along the side cut line 16 becomes a smooth surface, so that finishing processing is performed. Can be used as it is as a side surface of the opening 12 without any application.

When the side cut line 16 is formed, the wall 10 is then substantially horizontally placed in the place where the opening 12 is to be formed, which is defined by the side cut line 16, as shown in FIG. In the direction, forming a horizontal cutting line 22 whose both ends reach the side cutting line 16 to form a plurality of first to fourth step-like blocks 2.
The step of dividing into 4a to 24d is performed.

In the present embodiment, the case where the wall 10 at the place where the opening 12 is to be formed is divided into four steps is exemplified, but the number of divisions is not limited to this. Horizontal cutting line 22
When forming, a pair of small-diameter core boring holes 18 similar to the case described above are formed on the side surface cutting line 16,
The wire saw 14 is inserted into the small-diameter core boring hole 18, wound substantially horizontally, and guided to the wire saw driving device 20 through the guide pulley 26.

Then, the wire saw 14 is circulated by the wire saw driving device 20 under a predetermined tension to form a horizontal cutting line 22 to divide the first step block 24a. In this case, when the rear-side dam water storage of the wall body 10 has already been performed, the water storage amount is reduced to below the position where the horizontal cutting line 22 is formed, and cutting is performed in the air, and the water storage amount is reduced. Any method of cutting in water without reduction can be employed.

When the horizontal cutting line 22 is formed by the wire saw 14, a spacer is appropriately driven into the cut and formed horizontal cutting line 22 in order to secure circulation of the wire saw 14, and the cutting line is formed by its own weight. 22 is prevented from being narrowed.

Further, in the cutting by the wire saw 14,
When this is performed in the air, water injection is essential, but in the case of underwater cutting, water injection is unnecessary.

When the first step block 24a is divided by the formation of the horizontal cutting line 22, the first step block 24a shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 is vertically divided to form a vertical cutting line 27. And the first to third small blocks 28a to 28c that can be carried out.
Is performed.

When dividing into such small blocks 28a to 28c, first, a plurality of vertical core boring holes 30 extending in a substantially vertical direction are formed in the step-like block 24a. In the case of the present embodiment, four vertical core boring holes 30 are formed at predetermined intervals in the front, rear, left, and right directions.

The vertical core boring hole 30 is for inserting a thin lid head 34 of a hydraulic crusher 32, which will be described later, has a diameter of, for example, 200 mmφ, and is formed by a known core boring machine. Is done.

The vertical core boring hole 30 is selected according to the size of the hydraulic crusher to be used, and has a small diameter of 30 to 50 mmφ and a medium diameter of about 100 mmφ. The interval is also appropriately selected according to the capacity of the hydraulic crusher to be used and the state of the concrete body to be crushed (such as the amount of reinforcing steel and unreinforced steel).

In the case of this embodiment, the wall body 10 at the place where the opening 12 is to be formed can be crushed and removed. Do not think.

Therefore, the vertical core boring hole 30 does not need to be formed in the vertical direction exactly, nor does it need to be accurately positioned at the set position. If it can be formed, there is no problem even if it is slightly inclined.

Each vertical core boring hole 30 does not need to be drilled to a position where the lower end reaches the horizontal cutting line 22, and the vertical cutting line 27 formed by the hydraulic crusher 32 reaches the horizontal cutting line 22. It may be formed with a possible interval.

When forming the vertical cutting lines 27, the cylinder heads 34 are respectively inserted and installed in a pair of adjacent vertical core boring holes 30. FIG. 3 shows a side cut line 16.
A pair of vertical core boring holes 30 arranged substantially in parallel with
The state where the thin lid head 34 is installed therein is shown.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show details of the cylinder head 34 installed in the vertical core boring hole 30. FIG. The cylinder head 34 shown in these figures includes a cylinder body 34a to which a hydraulic hose 38 connected to the hydraulic unit 36 shown in FIG. 3 is connected, an expansion plate 34b formed of a curved curved plate, and a telescopic piston 34c. And

As shown in FIG. 4, the state of insertion and installation of the cylinder head 34 is such that the vertical core boring hole 30 extends around the extension line of the anticipated vertical cutting line 27 'due to destruction formed around the vertical core boring hole 30. The cylinder body 34a is arranged on one inner surface of the cylinder 30 and the curved expansion plate 34b is arranged on the other inner surface.

[0036] Curved expansion plate 34b
Has an outer surface abutting on the inner surface of the vertical core boring hole 30 and one end of a telescopic piston 34c facing the inner surface thereof.
4a is provided so as to be able to come and go freely.

When high-pressure oil is sent from the hydraulic unit 36 to the thus configured cylinder head 34 via the hydraulic hose 38, the telescopic piston 34c extends, and the curved expansion plate 34b is attached to the inner surface of the vertical core boring hole 30. By pressing strongly to perform such an enlarging operation, as shown in FIG. 5, the periphery of the vertical core boring hole 30 is broken, and a vertical cutting line 27 is formed.

The hydraulic crusher 32 used in this embodiment can be applied to both reinforced concrete and unreinforced concrete. In the case of reinforced concrete, the reinforcing bar can also be broken, but if the reinforcing bar cannot be broken due to stretching, a crack is formed by the crusher 32, and the stretched bar is blown or cut by widening the interval.

In the case of no reinforcement, since there is no obstacle such as a reinforcing bar, it is possible to form a cut plane almost as planned, and the depth of the installation hole is smaller than in the case of reinforced concrete.

In the static crushing method for crushing the wall 10 made of concrete or the like by a chemical expansion reaction,
Since the expansion extends all around, expansion occurs in unnecessary directions,
For example, the interval existing on the side surface cutting line 16 separating the side surface of the opening 12 may be lost or narrowed.

That is, when the expansion is directed to the side by the static crushing method, the wire saw 14 existing at the side cut line 16 is removed.
The gap of about several tens of millimeters formed by the above is lost, making it difficult to remove when the block is formed. Even if such an inconvenient expansion is known, the crushing cannot be stopped halfway.

However, the hydraulic crusher 3 according to the present embodiment
By adopting 2, it is possible to reliably avoid such inconvenience. That is, in the hydraulic crusher 32 used in the present embodiment, the formation direction of the vertical cutting line 27 can be controlled by adjusting the installation position of the expansion plate 34b as described above. When the supply hydraulic pressure is stopped, the formation of the cutting line 27 can be stopped halfway, and there is no problem as in the static crushing method.

If the vertical cutting line 27 is formed so as to be orthogonal to the side cutting line 16, the direction of the enlarging operation of the cylinder head 34 becomes parallel to the side cutting line 16. Not at all.

The hydraulic crusher 32 used in this embodiment
The plurality of cylinder heads 34 can be installed in series at predetermined intervals corresponding to the length of the vertical core boring hole 30 and can be operated simultaneously.

The cylinder head 34 of the hydraulic crusher 32 is inserted into each pair of the vertical core boring holes 30 to form a vertical cutting line 27 as shown in FIG.
When 4 is removed, the first step block 24a is divided into three first to third small blocks 28a to 28c that can be carried out.

The divided small blocks 28a to 28c are
After that, as shown in FIG. 7, they are individually suspended by a crane or the like and sequentially discharged and removed. When the unloading of the first step block 24a is completed, the horizontal cutting line 22
Are formed at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, and the second step block 24b is divided.

The divided step-shaped block 24b forms a vertical core boring hole 30 and is divided into a plurality of small blocks by the expanding operation of the cylinder head 34 of the hydraulic crusher 32 to carry out and remove. Is repeated a plurality of times to form a desired opening 12 in the wall 10.

The horizontal cutting line 22 can be formed after removing the upper step block, respectively.
The whole may be formed in advance.

According to the method of forming the opening 12 configured as described above, the cutting by the wire saw 14 is performed by cutting the side cutting lines 16 on the left and right sides of the place where the opening 12 is to be formed, and the stepped block. Since only the transverse cutting line 22 is divided into 24a to 24d, the construction cost does not become so high, and the working environment due to the water injection can be extremely reduced.

In the above-described embodiment, the dam body 10 made of concrete is exemplified as the wall body 10 forming the opening portion 12. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. It can be applied when forming an opening in a wall of the form.

In the ruler embodiment, a pair of side cutting lines 16 are formed at predetermined intervals so as to face each other, and a horizontal cutting line 22 having both ends reaching these side cutting lines 16 is formed. By way of example, the case of dividing into a plurality of step-shaped blocks 24a to 24d has been described. However, for example, in the case where the formation length of the opening is long, not only two but also three or more side cut lines 16 are formed. good.

That is, for example, in FIG. 1, if the length of the portion where the opening is to be formed is long,
A side cutting line is formed at the center portion between the two, and after removing the wall body 10 between the one side cutting line 16 and the side cutting line at the center in the above-described step, the other side cutting line 16 and the center portion are removed. It is also possible to remove the wall body 10 between the side cutting line in the above-mentioned process.

Further, in the above embodiment, a vertical cutting line 27 substantially parallel to the side surface cutting line 16 is formed in the step-like block 24a divided in a step-like manner to form three small blocks 28a-28.
c, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, and the forming direction of the vertical cutting line 27 is:
It may be a direction orthogonal to the side cutting line 16, and
The number of divisions need not be limited to three.

[0054]

As described above, according to the method for forming an opening in a concrete body according to the present invention,
The opening can be formed economically while minimizing the deterioration of the working environment and the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an initial step showing one embodiment of a method for forming an opening in a wall according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a step performed subsequently to FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a step performed subsequently to FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a top view and an explanatory side view of an installed state before the operation of the cylinder head when a vertical cutting line is formed by the cylinder head of the hydraulic crusher according to the method of the present invention.

5 is a top view and a side view after the cylinder head is operated from the installation state of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a step performed subsequent to FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a step performed subsequent to FIG. 6;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Wall 12 Opening 14 Wire saw 16 Side cutting line 18 Small diameter core boring hole 20 Wire saw drive 22 Horizontal cutting line 24a-24d Step block 26 Guide pulley 27 Vertical cutting line 28a-28c Small block 32 Hydraulic crusher 34 Cylinder head

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method of forming an opening in a wall such as a dam embankment, comprising: forming side cut lines on both sides of a place where the opening is to be formed in the wall; In the section where the opening is to be formed, a horizontal cutting line is formed at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction in order from the upper end side, and the wall body in the section where the opening is to be formed is formed in a plurality of steps. And a step of dividing the step-shaped block of each stage divided by the horizontal cutting line into a plurality of small blocks which can be vertically separated and carried out by forming vertical cutting lines. The side cutting line and the horizontal cutting line are formed by circulating a wire saw, and the dividing step of the small block includes forming a plurality of vertical core boring holes extending substantially vertically in the stepped block. And a pair of adjacent vertical cores A wall body wherein a cylinder head of a hydraulic crusher is inserted and installed in a ring hole, and the periphery of the vertical core boring hole is crushed by an expanding operation of the cylinder head to form the vertical cutting line. Method of forming an opening in a hole. 2. The method for forming an opening in a wall according to claim 1, wherein the vertical cutting line is formed in a direction parallel to the side cutting line.