JP2002071272A - Grain-drying method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a grain-drying method and a device for effectively utilizing rice hulls, straw rubbish, their fragments, organic impurities, and harvest waste such as the organic dust/dirt being generated in the harvest-manufacturing process of other cereals as a heat source. SOLUTION: The harvest waste is dried temporarily by distillation and is thermally decomposed into a carbide and a gas constituent, and then the gas constituent is combusted while collecting the carbide.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention utilizes rice husks, straw waste, their debris, organic contaminants, and other harvested waste such as organic dust generated in the process of harvesting and preparing grains as fuel for a dry heat source. The present invention relates to a grain drying method and a grain drying apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A grain storage tank is provided in an upper stage of a dryer main body, a ventilation drying section is provided in a middle section, and a grain removal tank is provided in a lower section, and a grain drying section, a grain removal tank, and a grain storage tank stored in the grain storage tank are provided. A grain dryer for performing ventilation drying in a ventilation drying section while circulating and flowing in a path is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-14745. In this conventional grain dryer, grains flowing down a drying passage of a ventilation drying section are disclosed. Irradiates far infrared rays to
Drying with far-infrared rays is also performed to improve drying efficiency.However, both generation of warm air for ventilation drying and far-infrared rays for drying with far-infrared rays are both clean and high calorie. Requires a heat source.

Recently, it has been desired to utilize natural energy as a heat source for drying grains from the viewpoints of environmental protection and energy saving. However, in harvesting and preparing grains, rice husks, straw waste and other organic materials are required. Sexual contaminants are generated in large quantities as harvested waste, and it is extremely preferable that these harvested wastes can be used effectively as a natural energy source for grain drying from the viewpoint of waste disposal.

[0004]

The use of harvested waste such as rice husks, straw chips and other organic contaminants as a heat source has been conventionally performed variously by using it as a mere fuel. However, these harvested wastes, when burned as they are, not only generate a large amount of smoke and soot, but also have a low combustion efficiency, so that they cannot be used for grain drying at all.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a high combustion efficiency and a high combustion efficiency by temporarily harvesting the waste and pyrolyzing it into carbides and gas components while burning the gas components while recovering the carbides. An object of the present invention is to provide a grain drying method and a grain drying method that can be effectively used for grain drying as a heat source that does not generate smoke or soot.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve the above object, a method for drying a grain according to the present invention uses rice husks, straw chips, their debris, organic contaminants, and other organic substances generated during the crop preparation process. A grain drying method that uses harvested waste such as dust as a fuel for a drying heat source, wherein the harvested waste is carbonized and pyrolyzed into carbides and gas components, and the gas components are burned while collecting the carbides. It is characterized in that the cereal to be dried is heated and dried.

[0007] In the grain drying method according to the present invention, the collected carbonized material is mixed with the harvested waste and mixed and burned with a gas component generated by thermal decomposition of the harvested waste.
It is possible to employ means for pulverizing the collected carbide and mixing and burning it with a gas component.

Further, the grain drying apparatus according to the present invention is capable of drying harvested waste such as rice husks, straw chips, their debris, organic contaminants, and other organic dust generated in the process of harvesting and preparing grains, as a fuel for drying heat. A grain drying device for use as
Decomposes the harvested waste into a carbonized state, pyrolyzes it into carbides and gas components, and burns the gas components while collecting the carbides to maintain the carbonized state. And a grain drying unit that uses hot air, far infrared rays, or a combination thereof as a drying heat source.

[0009] In the grain drying apparatus according to the present invention, the decomposition processing section is constituted by a cyclone, and the harvested waste introduced into the cyclone is carbonized to burn gas components while recovering carbides generated by thermal decomposition. It is preferable to configure the following.

[0010]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a grain drying apparatus according to the present invention, FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a heat exchange system corresponding to FIG.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a method of introducing organic dust generated in a drying section into a decomposition processing section. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the grain drying apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a heat exchange method corresponding to FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a method for introducing organic dust generated in a decomposition processing section and a drying section. .

In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a drying section, wherein a grain storage tank 2 is provided in an upper section of the drying section 1, a ventilation drying tank 3 is provided in a middle section, and a grain removal tank 4 is provided in a lower section. Is provided. At the lower part of the grain take-out tank 4, a grain carry-out conveyor 5 is provided over the entire length in the front-rear direction, and the grain carry-out conveyor 5 and the upper conveyor 6 at the upper part of the grain storage tank 2 are connected by an elevator (not shown). The cereal is circulated in the path of the grain storage tank 2, the ventilation drying tank 3, the grain removal tank 4, and the grain storage tank 2 via the grain unloading conveyor 5, the elevator and the upper conveyor 6.

The ventilation drying tank 3 forms a plurality of drying passages 7 formed by ventilation walls. A hot air supply cylinder 8 which forms the drying passages 7 communicates with a hot air supply chamber 9, and the air discharge drums 10.
Communicates with the exhaust air chamber 11, and the exhaust air chamber 11 is provided with a suction blower 12. The grain take-out tank 4 is formed so as to be surrounded by a running grain plate 13 and both side walls 14 that are inclined from both upper sides thereof to the transport gutter of the grain carry-out conveyor 5. From the drying passage 7 of the ventilation drying tank 3, the cereal is fed to a feeding roll 15.
Are sequentially fed out by the rotation of.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a disassembly processing unit. In the decomposition processing section 16, the harvested waste is pyrolyzed into a carbonized state to be thermally decomposed into carbides and gas components, and the gas component is burned while recovering the carbides to maintain the carbonized state. , A cyclone 17, a harvested waste supply device 19 having a blower 18, and a burner 20. The supply port 21 of the cyclone 17 is connected to the blower 18 and the burner 20 of the harvested waste supply device 19. Further, the hot air blowing port 22 of the cyclone 17 is connected to the hot air supply chamber 9 of the drying unit 1 via a duct 23. 24 is a carbide discharge port, and 25 is a receiving container. 26 is a feed hopper, 2
7 is a conveyor. Note that the harvest waste includes rice husks, straw waste, fragments thereof, organic contaminants, and other organic dust generated in the process of harvesting and preparing grains.

In the grain drying apparatus configured as described above, grains flowing down from the grain storage tank 2 of the drying unit 1 through the drying passage 7 of the ventilation drying unit 3 are dried from the hot air supply chamber 9 through the hot air supply cylinder 8. The air is dried by the suction hot air that flows through the exhaust duct 10 across the passage 7 to the exhaust chamber 11. The hot air supplied to the hot air supply chamber 9 is supplied from the decomposition processing section 16 as follows.

That is, the rice hulls supplied from the conveyer 27 to the supply hopper 26 in the decomposition processing unit 16 are supplied to the cyclone 17 by the blowing pressure of the blower 18. The heated chaff is burned in the cyclone 17, and the cyclone 17 becomes hot. After that, since the self-ignition action occurs regardless of the burner 20, the burner 20 is stopped. When the temperature of the cyclone 17 becomes lower than the state in which the self-ignition action is caused, the burner 20 is operated as needed to increase the temperature so that the thermal decomposition can be continued normally.

Therefore, if the supply amount and the blowing amount of the rice hulls are controlled in the cyclone 17 so that the rice hulls are in a dry distillation state, the rice husks are thermally decomposed into carbides and gas components, and the gas components continue to burn and remain in the carbonization state. Is maintained, and the carbide is discharged from the carbide discharge port 24 of the cyclone 17. As described above, only the gas component generated by the thermal decomposition of the rice hulls burns in the cyclone 17, so the hot air supplied to the drying unit 1 from the hot air vent 22 of the cyclone 17 does not include smoke or soot, and the drying unit 1 Can be supplied with clean hot air. As the control state of the blowing amount, the air discharging pressure from the hot air blowing port 22 of the cyclone 17 is not provided, and the carbide discharge port 2
It is preferable to keep the outside air slightly drawn in from Step 4. The collected carbide is used as a soil conditioner, a fertilizer, and the like.

In the drying section 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, hot air is directly supplied to the hot air supply chamber 9 from the hot air blowing port 22 of the cyclone 17 in the decomposition processing section 16, as shown in FIG. A heat exchange pipe 28 is provided in the hot air supply chamber 9, and hot air is supplied from the hot air blow-out port 22 of the cyclone 17 to the hot air heat exchange pipe 28 by heat exchange with outside air sucked in the hot air supply chamber 9. can do. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 29 denotes an exhaust pipe.

As shown in FIG. 4, the blower 18 of the harvested waste supply device 19 and the upper conveyor 6 of the drying unit 1 are connected by a duct 30 to remove organic dust generated in the drying unit 1 together with rice husks. When introduced, it is also thermally decomposed together with rice hulls, effectively used as a heat source, and prevents scattering of dust.

In the present invention, harvested waste such as rice husks, straw chips, their debris, organic contaminants, and other organic dust generated during the process of harvesting and preparing grains is carbonized into carbonized and gaseous components. By pyrolyzing and burning gas components while recovering carbides immediately in the process of pyrolysis, almost no smoke or soot is generated, and clean hot air can be supplied to the drying section. However, by mixing the collected carbide with the harvested waste while maintaining an appropriate mixing ratio, the carbide can also be mixed and burned with the gas component and effectively used as a fuel component. In addition, the collected carbides are pulverized and mixed with the gaseous waste together with the gaseous waste or in a separate system, so that it can be mixed and burnt well with the gaseous component, and the charcoal waste is more effectively used as fuel. can do.

FIGS. 5 to 8 exemplify a grain drying apparatus in which drying by hot air generated by the decomposition processing section 16 and ventilation by irradiation of far-infrared rays are used in combination. In the drying unit 1 of the drying apparatus, a far-infrared radiator 31 is provided in the grain taking-out tank 4.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical shape that extends over substantially the entire length of the grain removal tank 4 in the front-rear direction. The far-infrared rays emitted from the far-infrared radiator 31 are fed from the drying passage 7 of the ventilation drying tank 3 to the roll 1
The grains are fed by the rotation of 5, and are irradiated on the grains flowing down in the form of granules or thin layers on the surface of the grains 13.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, one end of the far-infrared radiator 31 is connected to the hot air vent 22 of the cyclone 17 in the decomposition processing section 16 via a duct. The other end of the infrared radiator 31 is connected to the hot air supply chamber 9 via a duct. Other configurations are the same as those shown in FIGS. The far-infrared radiator 31 passes through the far-infrared radiator 31 from the hot-air vent 22 of the cyclone 17 and is heated by hot air flowing from the hot-air supply chamber 9 to the exhaust chamber 11, and has a wavelength suitable for drying grains. It radiates.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a heat exchange pipe 28 is provided in the hot air supply chamber 9, and passes through the hot air blowing port 22 of the cyclone 17 through the far infrared radiator 31. The hot air is supplied through the hot air supply chamber 9 by heat exchange with the outside air sucked in the hot air supply chamber 9.

FIG. 8 shows an example in which the far-infrared radiator 31 is disposed in the ventilation drying tank 3 of the drying unit 1, but other configurations are the same as those shown in FIGS. is there.

[0024]

According to the present invention, rice husks, straw chips, their debris, organic contaminants, and other organic wastes generated in the process of harvesting and preparing grains are harvested wastes, and then carbonized. By thermally decomposing into gas components and then burning the gas components while collecting carbides, the combustion efficiency is high, and it can be effectively used for grain drying as a heat source that does not generate smoke and soot when burning. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of a grain drying device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a grain drying device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a heat exchange method corresponding to FIG.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a method of introducing organic dust generated in a drying section into a decomposition processing section.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the grain drying apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the grain drying apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a transverse sectional view showing a heat exchange system corresponding to FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a method of introducing organic dust generated in a decomposition processing section and a drying section.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drying part 2 Grain storage tank 3 Ventilation drying tank 4 Grain take-out tank 5 Grain carry-out conveyor 6 Upper conveyor 7 Drying passage 8 Hot air supply cylinder 9 Hot air supply chamber 10 Exhaust drum 11 Exhaust chamber 12 Suction blower 13 Flowing grain plate 14 Both sides Wall 15 Feeding roll 16 Decomposition processing unit 17 Cyclone 18 Blower 19 Harvest waste supply device 20 Burner 21 Supply port 22 Hot air blowing port 23 Duct 24 Carbide discharge port 25 Receiving container 26 Supply hopper 27 Conveyor 28 Hot air heat exchange pipe 29 Exhaust pipe 30 Duct 31 Far-infrared radiator

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F23G 5/027 ZAB F23G 5/04 ZABE 4D053 5/04 ZAB 5/14 ZABF 4H012 5/14 ZAB F26B 17 / 14 A F26B 17/14 23/10 A 23/10 B04C 9/00 // B04C 9/00 B09B 3/00 ZAB F term (reference) 3K061 AA24 AB02 AC20 BA04 BA05 CA04 FA01 FA21 FA23 3K065 AA24 AB02 AC20 BA04 BA05 CA12 3K078 AA04 AA05 BA06 CA03 CA11 CA25 3L113 AA07 AB03 AB06 AC03 AC35 AC44 AC54 AC67 AC83 BA03 DA03 DA26 4D004 AA04 BA03 BA04 CA26 CA27 CA28 CA42 CB02 CB05 CB34 CB36 CB42 CB43 CB46 CC02 4D053 AA03 AB01 BA01 BA01 BA01

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A grain drying method using rice husks, straw waste, their debris, organic contaminants, and other harvested waste such as organic dust generated during the crop preparation process as a fuel for a drying heat source. A method for drying a grain to be dried by heating a dried grain by pyrolyzing the harvested waste into a carbonized state and pyrolyzing it into a carbide and a gas component, burning the gas component while collecting the carbide. 2. The grain drying method according to claim 1, wherein the collected char is mixed with harvest waste and mixed and burned with a gas component generated by thermal decomposition of the harvest waste. 3. The grain drying method according to claim 1, wherein the collected carbide is pulverized and mixed and burned with a gas component. 4. A grain drying apparatus that uses harvested waste such as rice husk, straw waste, fragments thereof, organic contaminants, and other organic dust generated during the crop preparation process as a fuel for a drying heat source. A pyrolysis unit that pyrolyzes the harvested waste into carbonized gas and gas components, and burns the gas component while collecting the carbonized carbon to maintain the carbonized gas; and
A grain drying unit comprising: a grain drying unit that uses hot air, far-infrared rays generated by combustion of gas components in the decomposition processing unit, or a combination thereof as a drying heat source. 5. The cracking section is constituted by a cyclone, and is configured to burn a gas component while recovering carbides generated by thermal decomposition by converting the harvest waste introduced into the cyclone into a dry distillation state. The grain drying apparatus according to claim 4, wherein