JP2002070264A - Eaves ventilation structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an eaves ventilation structure that can promote ventilation of an attic and prevention of spread of fire simultaneously, and yet can be easily reset after the structure is operated once. SOLUTION: In the bottom behind of a fascia board 1 which stands up inside a back face uprising face 1g, a plurality of air holes 13 are provided. Inside a shield face 2a of a fire-proof damper 2, an air window section 16 is formed so as to overlap with each air hole 13 to fix one end of the shield damper 2 to the back face uprising face 1g through an elastic member 4. The other end of the shield damper is fixed to the back face uprising face 1g through a coupling unit 5 that splits into two parts when it reaches a fixed temperature or higher. Normally, because the air hole 13 and the air window section 16 communicate with each other in an overlapping manner, it can flow outside air into the attic. At the time of fire, however, the coupling unit 5 splits into two parts, and simultaneously the fire-proof damper 2 is slid by the elastic member 4 to shield the air holes 13, thus preventing fire from spreading.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an eaves ventilation structure which can simultaneously ventilate the back of a hut and prevent the spread of fire, and which is particularly suitable for being attached to a fascia.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, as this type of eaves ventilation structure, there has been disclosed a structure in which a ventilation hole is provided in a nose shield fixed to the eaves and this ventilation hole communicates with an attic space (attic hut). (Eg, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-81432). But,
Since this eaves ventilation structure did not have a shielding structure for the purpose of preventing fire, when a fire occurred, there was a possibility that the flame would directly enter the attic space (attic of the hut) and cause fire to spread.

[0003] Then, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-259282 or the like, a ventilation hole communicating with the attic side is formed in the bottom of the nose cover, and a fire protection cover is provided at an upper position facing the ventilation hole. A ventilation structure has been proposed, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-241434 proposes a structure in which a non-combustible foam material is disposed on the inner surface of a ventilation path, and in the event of a fire, the ventilation path is blocked by expansion of the non-combustible foam material. I have.

[0004]

However, the former eaves ventilation structure (provided with a fire protection cover) becomes more complicated if the flame spread is to be prevented more effectively, resulting in a reduction in ventilation capacity. It was structurally difficult to simultaneously increase the ventilation capacity and the fire prevention capacity. In addition, the latter eaves ventilation structure (thing in which non-combustible foam is placed on the inside of the ventilation path)
Had the problem of being very troublesome to reset once activated.

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention makes it possible to simultaneously achieve effective ventilation and prevention of fire spread, and furthermore, it is possible to easily reset it once it has been operated, and yet has a simple structure. Will not provide.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention comprises a ventilation window which can be overlapped with a plurality of ventilation holes formed at regular intervals in a ventilation wall of an eaves constituent member. A fire damper slidably arranged along the wall, an elastic member for fixing one end of the fire damper while applying an elastic force, and a second end for fixing the fire damper. The eaves ventilation structure was decided to be composed of the connecting body to be divided. Note that the eaves component means a member that constitutes the eaves of the house, such as a fascia, a nose plate, a rafter, an eaves panel, a field board, and a drainer. It means a surface provided with pores.

[0007] By constructing the eaves ventilation structure in this way,
Normally, outside air can be circulated inside the cabin through the ventilation holes and the ventilation windows. In the event of a fire, the fireproof damper slides in one direction due to the elasticity of the elastic member while the connecting body is separated. Since the pores can be blocked to prevent the flame from entering the back of the hut, the ventilation and the spread of fire can be simultaneously and effectively achieved. Furthermore, the above eaves ventilating structure can be reset by simply replacing it with a new connection after the fire spread prevention mechanism has been activated. Also, a fire spread prevention mechanism can be provided to an eaves component already provided with a ventilation wall simply by attaching a fire damper as described above.

In the above configuration, as means for arranging the fire damper so as to be slidable along the ventilation wall, a guide member is fixed along the ventilation wall as will be described in an embodiment to be described later. Although the fire damper can be configured to be inserted through the slide, the guide can be configured without using a guide member, for example, as in the second aspect of the present invention.

That is, an eaves top structure having a ventilation wall having a plurality of ventilation holes formed at regular intervals, and a slide support surface formed by folding an edge portion of the ventilation wall into a cross-shaped shape. A fire damper comprising: a member, a shielding surface that can overlap with a ventilation wall surface of the eaves component, and an inclined surface that can overlap with a slide support surface, and the shielding surface is provided with a plurality of ventilation windows that can overlap with each of the ventilation holes. And an elastic member for fixing one end of the fireproof damper with an elastic force applied thereto, and a connecting body for fixing the other end of the fireproof damper and cutting off when a certain temperature or more is reached. A component can be configured. With this configuration, the fireproof damper is provided by overlapping the shielding surface and the inclined surface on the ventilation wall and the slide support surface of the eaves component, respectively.
Even without a guide member, the fire prevention damper can be slidably disposed, the structure can be further simplified, and the installation cost and work labor can be greatly reduced.

The “ventilation wall” in the above configuration is:
By arranging a ventilation hole on any surface of the eaves component, any surface can be used as a ventilation wall surface, but it is preferable that the rear rising surface rises behind the bottom of the nose concealing material or this bottom surface, especially It is particularly preferable that the rear standing surface be a ventilation wall surface, since the ventilation structure cannot be seen from the outside and the construction is simple. Further, the “elastic member” in the above configuration may use an elastic member that exerts a resilient force pressing in a distant direction like a pressing spring, or an elastic member that exerts a resilient force in a pulling back direction like a tension spring. Although a member can be used, from the viewpoint of simplification of the configuration and the like, it is preferable to use a member that exerts an elastic force in the retraction direction as in the embodiment described later. The elastic member is not limited to a spring, but may be an elastic member made of a rubber member or other materials and components.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on examples.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a state of an eaves to which an eaves ventilation structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention is attached (however, eaves gutters and eaves gutter supporting parts are omitted). FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part in the mounted state, and FIG.
Is a perspective view showing the disassembled state. 1 to 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a nose concealing material, 2 denotes a fire damper, 3
Is a guide member for supporting the fire damper 2, 4 is an elastic member, 5 is a connected body having a temperature sensor function of cutting off when a certain temperature or more is reached, 6 is a nose plate, 7 is a rafter, 8 is an eaves panel, 9 Is a field board, 10 is a roofing, 11 is a roof tile, 1
2 indicates draining.

The nose cover 1 is formed by bending a band-shaped metal plate along its longitudinal direction, and has a nose plate covering surface 1a fixed to the front surface of the nose plate 6 by nailing or other appropriate means. The upper end of the nose plate-covered surface 1a is bent forward and horizontally to form a horizontal plane 1b, and the front end of the horizontal plane 1b is bent obliquely downward and forward to form a drainer support piece 1c.
The lower end of the nose plate covering surface 1a is bent obliquely forward and downward to form an inclined surface 1d, and the lower end of the inclined surface 1d is hung down to form a front surface 1e that protrudes forward. The lower end is bent horizontally to form a bottom surface 1f.
f is raised vertically to form a rear rising surface 1g,
The upper end of the rear standing surface 1g is bent in the front horizontal direction to form an eaves panel support surface 1h.
h is vertically raised to form an eaves panel abutment surface 1i, and the upper end of the eaves panel abutment surface 1i is bent obliquely upward and backward to nail a lower surface of the rafter 7. A fixing piece 1j to be fixed by a stopper or other appropriate means is formed.

In this embodiment, the rear upright surface 1g is used as a ventilation wall, and as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of ventilation holes 13, 13 are provided in the rear upright surface 1g at appropriate intervals in the length direction.
.. And a hooking column portion 14 is protruded outwardly (outdoor side) at a position at a predetermined distance on one side in the length direction of the ventilation hole group. Has an attachment hole 15 formed near the end on the opposite side in the length direction.

Although the vent hole 13 is formed in a vertically long rectangular shape in the figure, as illustrated in FIGS. 4A to 4C, the vent hole 13 has a long circular shape, a parallelogram shape, a horizontally long rectangular shape, and others. , Square, round, etc.
However, the width h of the ventilation holes 15 needs to make the interval H between the adjacent ventilation holes 13 smaller.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the fire protection damper 2 is a long metal band-shaped plate which is large enough to fit in the rear upright surface 1g. A ventilation window 16 having substantially the same size as the ventilation hole 13.
At the same pitch as above, and this shielding surface 2
When a is overlapped, each ventilation window 16 is formed so as to overlap with and communicate with each ventilation hole 13. Also, a knob / poster column 17 is provided at a position at a predetermined distance on one side in the length direction of the ventilation window group, and is opposite to the lengthwise / poster / poster column 17. An attachment hole 18 is formed near the end.

As shown in FIG. 3, the guide member 3 includes a sliding surface 3a having a short width slightly wider than the shielding surface 2a of the fire damper 2 and a slightly longer longitudinal width. The fitting edges 3b, 3b are formed by folding the short width end edges, that is, the upper and lower edges of 3a, and a communication window portion 20 having substantially the same size as the ventilation hole 13 is formed in the sliding surface 3a. The holes 13 and the ventilation windows 20 are formed so as to communicate with each other when the sliding surface 3a is overlapped with the upright rear surface 1g at a pitch.

As the elastic member 4, a spring member having locking hook portions 5b, 5b provided at both ends of a tension coil spring 5a is used.

The connecting member 5 is formed of a low melting point metal, for example, a metal having excellent heat sensitivity which melts at around 70 ° C.
A thin strip-shaped connecting portion 5 between the two thin annular portions 5a, 5a
When the temperature reaches the predetermined temperature, the connecting portion 5b is melted and divided into two parts.

In order to construct the eaves ventilation structure composed of such a member, as shown in FIG. 3, the guide member 3 is placed on the sliding surface so that the ventilation holes 13 and the ventilation windows 20 overlap each other. 3a is fixed and fixed to the outer surface (outer surface as viewed from the ventilation chamber 21) of the rear standing surface 1g by bonding, welding, screwing or other appropriate fixing means. Next, the handle / post column 17
Fire damper 2 so that it projects to the opposite side of shielding surface 3a.
, The fire prevention damper 2 is inserted between the fitting portions 3b, 3b of the guide member 3 so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction. At this time, it is possible to grasp and interpose the knob / post lock column 17. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, one of the annular portions 5a of the connecting body 5 is fitted from the outside into the knob / holding pillar portion 17 of the fire prevention damper 2 and is hooked, and the other annular portion 5a is attached to the rear standing surface 1g. Is fitted from the outside into the hanging pillar portion 14 and is hooked,
One end of the fire protection damper 2 is connected to the rear upright surface 1 via the connecting body 5.
g, one of the locking hooks 5b of the elastic member 4 is engaged with the engaging hole 18 of the fire damper 2, and the other locking hook 5b is attached to the rear rising surface 1g while the elastic member 4 is extended. And the other end of the fireproof damper 2 is fixed to the rear upright surface 1g via the elastic member 4 in a state of exhibiting elasticity. At this time, the fire damper 2 is fixed at a position where the ventilation window 16 and the ventilation hole 13 overlap and communicate with each other.

At the time of mounting as described above, the eaves ventilation structure of this embodiment is provided with a fire damper 2, a guide member 3, an elastic member 4, and a connecting member 5 on the outside of the rear rising surface 1 g of the fascia.
Since it is configured to be attached, not only can the attachment work be easily performed, but also the already installed nose cover can be easily modified to provide a fire spread prevention structure.

As described above, the rear upright surface 1g of the fascia 1
If the fire prevention damper 2 is attached to the vehicle, in the normal state, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5A, the outside air flows from the ventilation hole 13 and the ventilation window 16 to the ventilation room 21 (hidden nose) as shown by arrows. The inclined surface 1d, the front surface 1e, the bottom surface 1f, the rear standing surface 1g, the eave sky panel support surface 1h, and the eave sky panel contact surface 1i of the material 1.
(A space surrounded by the roof) and is introduced into the back of the cabin from between the rafters 7, so that ventilation of the back of the cabin can be ensured. On the other hand, when the temperature of the eaves rises and reaches a certain temperature or more in a fire or the like, as shown in FIG. 5B, the connecting portion 5b of the connecting body 5 is melted and separated, and at the same time, the elastic member 4 The fire damper 2 is pulled back along the fitting portions 3b, 3b of the guide member 3 by the resilience of the guide member 3, and each ventilation hole 13 is shielded by the shielding surface 2a (the surface between the ventilation windows 16, 16) of the fire protection damper 2. can do. This can prevent the intrusion of the flame into the ventilation room 21 and prevent the spread of fire to the back of the cabin.

After the connecting body 5 has been cut and the fire spread prevention mechanism has been operated, the knob / holding pillar 17 of the fire damper 2 is used.
The fire spread prevention mechanism can be easily reset simply by fitting a new connecting body 5 from the outside into the hanging pillar portion 14 of the rear rising surface 1g and bridging between the both hanging pillar portions 17 and 14.

In the structure of the eaves ventilating structure described above, means for positioning the fire prevention damper 2 so that the ventilation window 16 and the ventilation hole 13 exactly overlap with each other. It is preferable to provide means for positioning the fire damper 2 so that the window portion 16 and the ventilation hole 13 are displaced (so as not to overlap). For example, such a positioning means can be configured by providing a locking portion that can lock the fire prevention damper 2 at a predetermined location such as the rear rising surface 1g or the guide member 3.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show a modification of the above embodiment. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of ventilation holes 13, 13
.. between the group of ventilation holes consisting of and the retaining column portion 14 is provided a long hole 23 which is slidably insertable with the retaining / posting column portion 17 of the fireproof damper 2 and which is elongated in the longitudinal direction. Every
The sliding surface 3a of the guide member 3 is fixed to the inner surface of the rear standing surface 1g by bonding, welding, screwing, or other appropriate fixing means, as shown in FIG.
The fire-prevention damper 2 is provided with a knob / post-holding column 17 having a shielding surface 3a.
Is inserted between the fitting portions 3b and 3b so as to protrude to the side so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction, and the knob / holding pillar portion 17 is projected outward from the elongated hole 23. Similarly, if the fire prevention damper 2 is fixed by the elastic member 4 and the connecting body 5, the same operation and effect as described above can be obtained.

Next, a second embodiment different from the above embodiment will be described.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a state of the eaves to which the eaves ventilation structure according to this embodiment is attached (however, the eaves gutter and the eaves gutter supporting parts are omitted). Reference numeral 31 denotes a nose concealing material, 32 denotes a fire damper,
Other than the above, as in the first embodiment, 4 is an elastic member, 5 is a connected body having a temperature sensor function of cutting off when a certain temperature or more is reached, 6 is a nose plate, 7 is a rafter, 8 is an eaves panel, and 9 is a field. The base plate, 10 is a roofing, 11 is a roof tile, and 12 is a drainer. In the following description, the same components as those in the first embodiment are basically denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment.

In this embodiment, the fireproof damper 32 can be slidably disposed without providing a guide member by devising the structures of the nose cover material 31 and the fireproof damper 32. It is configured so that the same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

That is, the fascia 31 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, a strip-shaped metal plate is formed by bending along a longitudinal direction thereof, and the nose plate covering surface 31a, the horizontal surface 31b, and the draining support piece 31 are formed in the same manner as the nose cover material 1.
c, an inclined surface 31d, a front surface 31e, a bottom surface 31f, and a rear rising surface 31g, and the upper end of the rear rising surface 31g is folded obliquely downward into a cross-sectional shape to form a slide support surface 31.
h, the rear end of the slide support surface 31h is folded upward in a U-shape to form an eaves panel support surface 31i, and the front edge of the eaves panel support surface 31i is raised vertically. An eaves top panel contact surface 31j is formed, and an upper end portion of the eaves top panel abutment surface 31j is bent obliquely upward and rearward to be fixed to the lower surface of the rafter 7 by nailing or other appropriate means. Is formed.

The rear upright surface 31g is provided with
As described above, as described above as a modification of the first embodiment, the plurality of ventilation holes 13, 1,
3. At the same time, a retaining pillar portion 14 is protruded from a portion at a predetermined distance on one side in the length direction of the ventilation hole group,
A long hole 23 which is long in the longitudinal direction is provided between the group of ventilation holes and the retaining column portion 14, and an engaging hole portion 15 is provided near an end opposite to the longitudinal direction of the retaining column portion 14. Has been drilled.

As shown in FIG. 10, the fireproof damper 32 is a shielding surface 32a which is formed by bending a long metal plate in a shape of a cross section, and which can be overlapped on the rear rising surface 31g of the nose cover 31.
And an inclined surface 32b that can be overlapped on the slide support surface 31h, and a ventilation window having substantially the same size as the ventilation hole 13 in the shielding surface 32a, like the shielding surface 2a of the fireproof damper 2 of the first embodiment. The holes 16 are formed at the same pitch as the ventilation holes 13, and the ventilation holes 13 and the ventilation windows 16 are formed so as to overlap and communicate with each other when the shielding surface 32 a is overlapped with the rear rising surface 1 g. In addition, at a position at a predetermined distance on one side in the length direction of the ventilation window group, a knob / holding column 17 is provided protruding from the facing inclined surface 32b (back side in FIG. 10). An engaging hole 18 is formed in the vicinity of the end on the opposite side to the hanging pillar 17 in the length direction.

When the nose cover 31 and the fire damper 32 are configured as described above, the rear erection surface 31g and the slide support surface 31h of the nose cover 31 are provided as shown in FIGS.
The shielding surface 32a and the inclined surface 32b of the fire damper 32
, And the fire damper 32 can be disposed so that the knob / post column 17 projects outside the rear standing surface 31g (outside as viewed from the ventilation room 21) via the long hole 23,
Then, as in the first embodiment, the connecting body 5 is fitted over the knob / post column 17 and the hanging column section 14 from the outside and bridged, and one end of the fireproof damper 32 is erected through the connecting body 5 on the rear upright surface. 31g, and the other end of the fire damper 32 is provided with the elastic member 4 in a state of exhibiting elasticity.
g, and the fire damper 32 is fixed at a position where the ventilation window 16 and the ventilation hole 13 overlap and communicate with each other.
The same functions and effects as described above can be obtained.

With such a configuration, since a guide member is not required, the number of components can be reduced and the cost can be reduced. Moreover, since the structure can be made extremely simple, labor such as mounting work can be greatly reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of an eaves to which an eaves ventilation structure according to one embodiment of the present invention is attached (however, an eaves gutter and an eaves gutter support component are omitted).

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing a lower back side, that is, a main part of the nose cover in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing FIG. 2 in an exploded state.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing the shape and arrangement of ventilation holes formed in the rear rising surface of the fascia, that is, the shielding surface.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are front views showing a mounting state and operation of the fire prevention damper, in which FIG. 5A shows a normal state, and FIG. 5B shows an operation of the fire prevention damper in the event of a fire.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a modification of the eaves ventilation structure shown in FIG. 1 and showing an attached state as an exploded state.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a guide member and a fireproof damper in the eaves ventilation structure shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a state of an eaves to which an eaves ventilation structure according to another embodiment different from FIG. 1 is attached (however, eaves gutters and eaves gutter support parts are omitted).

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a nose cover constituting the eaves ventilation structure of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing a configuration of the fireproof damper and an attachment position of the fireproof damper in the nose cover.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a state in which a fire damper is attached to a nose cover.

FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view for explaining a fixing means of the fireproof damper.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 1 Nose concealing material 1 g Back upright surface 2 Fireproof damper 3 Guide member 4 Elastic member 5 Connecting body 13 Vent hole 14 Hanging pillar portion 15 Engagement hole portion 16 Vent window portion 17 Pick and hold hanging pillar portion 18 Engagement hole portion 20 Communication window 21 Ventilation room 23 Long hole 31 Nose concealing material 31g Rear rising surface 31h Slide support surface 32 Fire damper 32a Shielding surface 32b Inclined surface

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A ventilation window which can be overlapped with a plurality of ventilation holes formed at regular intervals in a ventilation wall of an eaves component,
A fire damper slidably disposed along the ventilation wall, an elastic member for fixing one end of the fire damper in a state where an elastic force is applied, and fixing the other end of the fire damper to a certain temperature or higher. An eaves ventilation structure comprising: a connecting body that divides upon reaching. 2. An eaves top structure comprising a ventilation wall having a plurality of ventilation holes formed at regular intervals, and a slide support surface formed by folding an edge of the ventilation wall into a cross-sectional shape. A fire prevention damper comprising: a member; a shielding surface that can be overlapped on the ventilation wall of the eaves component; and an inclined surface that can be overlapped on the slide support surface; and a plurality of ventilation windows that can be overlapped with the ventilation holes on the shielding surface. And an elastic member for fixing one end of the fire protection damper with an elastic force applied thereto, and a connecting body for fixing the other end of the fire protection damper and cutting off when a certain temperature or more is reached. Ventilation components. 3. A hanging pillar portion protruding from a portion near one longitudinal end of the fire prevention damper, and a hanging pillar portion protruding from a ventilation wall, and the above-mentioned connecting body is interposed between the hanging pillar portions. 2. The fire protection damper is fixed by bridging the other end thereof.
Or the eaves ventilation structure according to 2.