JP2002052425A - Part assembling assisting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a part assembling assisting device capable of providing the similar function to that of the conventional device in simple constitution and a low cost by solving the problem of increase in cost due to the complicated mechanical structure and control of an elevating motor in which the torque of the elevating motor is controlled according to the weight of a window glass detected by a load cell in assembling work of the window glass to a window opening part of an automobile body with good accuracy. SOLUTION: This part assembling assisting device is provided with a moving truck moving on the upper side in synchronization with a vehicle body B, a suspending device 20 mounted on the moving truck, and a part holder 30 for sucking and holding the window glass G in the state of suspending the window glass by the suspending device 20. The window glass G and the part holder 30 are suspended in a zero-weight state by the pulling force F of the suspending device 20, whereby a worker can move the window glass G in an arbitrary direction with small force.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a component assembling assist device suitable for assembling a window glass into a window opening of a vehicle body, for example, in assembling an automobile.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, for example, in the operation of attaching a window glass to a window opening of a vehicle body as described above, the window glass is transported from a predetermined storage position to a window opening of the vehicle body, and thereafter, the window glass is mounted. The work of bonding the glass while aligning it with the window opening is performed.However, performing this work only manually requires a large amount of labor for the operator considering the size and weight of the window glass. become. On the other hand, when trying to automate the work of bonding and positioning the window glass accurately to the window opening with mechanical equipment, the reliability is high despite the complicated structure and high cost, including its peripheral equipment. There was a problem that was difficult to obtain. For this reason, a device for assisting the manual transfer and bonding of the window glass has been conventionally provided.

[0003] As this window glass assembling assisting device, there has been a device disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-137675. This conventional window glass assembling auxiliary device includes a lifting device driven by a lifting motor, a lifting base moved up and down by the lifting device, and a lifting base provided on the lifting base, sucking and holding the window glass in all directions. Equipped with a vacuum suction pad that supports the position so that it can be adjusted, and based on the weight of the window glass detected by the load cell (load sensor), the lifting / lowering motor exerts the necessary torque,
With this configuration, an upward force for supporting the weight of the window glass is provided. According to this auxiliary device, the operator can carry the window glass and adjust the position with a small force.

[0004]

However, the above-mentioned conventional window glass assembling auxiliary device is configured to control the torque of the lifting motor in accordance with the weight of the window glass detected by the load cell. There was a problem that the control of the motor became complicated and the cost increased. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a component assembling auxiliary device that can obtain the same function at a low cost with a simple configuration.

[0005]

For this reason, the present invention provides an assembling assisting device having the structure described in each of the above claims. According to the assembly assisting device of the first aspect, when the lifting force of the suspension device is increased to the first lifting force, the component holder that holds the component by the first lifting force is pulled upward and pressed down. It is held in the device (assembly standby state). Since the first lifting force is set to a force greater than the total weight Wt (= Wj + Wp) of the component holder and the component, in this assembly standby state, the component holder holding the component is firmly attached to the push-down device. Will be retained. In the present specification, the description that the first lifting force is “larger” than the total weight Wt of the component holder and the component is because the assembling operator moves the component holder holding the component downward. This means that the component holder is too large to be disengaged from the pressing-down device even if the operation force is applied. That is, it means that "(total weight Wt + operating force of assembling operator) <first lifting force".

Next, when the lifting force of the suspension device is reduced to the second lifting force from the assembly standby state, the component holder holding the components can be made almost weightless, and as a result, the assembly can be performed. The operator can disengage them from the press-down device with a very small operating force and move them toward the lower assembly target. In this specification, the second lifting force is the total weight W of the component holder and the component.
The description of "substantially equal" to t is not only in the case of a strict weightless state that is numerically equal (second pulling force = Wt), but the difference is small even if the second pulling force> Wt. Therefore, when the component holder can be easily moved downward by the operation force of the assembling operator, conversely, even if the second pulling force <Wt, the difference is small, so that the operation of the assembling operator is small. This refers to a state very close to a weightless state, including the case where the position can be easily held so that the component holder is not dropped by force.

[0007] In this specification, the lifting force of the suspension device refers to a force for lifting the component holder and the component suspended by the suspension device. When the structure according to claim 1 is applied, for example, as an auxiliary device when assembling a vehicle window glass into a vehicle body opening, an assembling operator may use the window glass and a component holder for holding the window glass as an actual total weight Wt. Since the moving operation can be performed with a lighter force, the assembling operator can easily perform the assembling operation of the window glass with a small operation force. Unlike the conventional configuration in which the output torque of the lifting motor is adjusted by using the load cell in this manner, the configuration is such that the upward force in the gravitational direction is applied to the component by using the lifting force of the suspension device, so that a simpler configuration is provided. The same operation and effect can be obtained with the configuration. According to the assembling assisting device of the first aspect, by moving the push-down device downward, the component and the component holder can be brought closer to the assembly object without the operation of the assembling operator. After moving the pressing device downward to move the component to the vicinity of the mounting object, the lifting force of the suspension device is switched to the second lifting force, and the component holder is moved by the operation of the mounting operator. In this way, the component can be assembled to the assembly target, whereby the moving distance of the component and the component holder by the assembly operator can be minimized, and the labor of the assembly operator can be further reduced. According to the assembly assisting device of the second aspect, in addition to the above-described effects, the component can be detached from the component holder and the component holder can be hung independently in a weightless state. The operator can move the component holder with an extremely small operation force.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
A description will be given based on FIG. FIG. 1 shows an assembly assisting device 1 according to the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, a window glass G (weight Wp) of an automobile is illustrated as an example of a part to be assembled by the assembly assisting device 1. The assembling auxiliary device 1 of the present embodiment includes a moving truck 10 that moves above the vehicle body B in synchronization with a vehicle body B that moves on an assembly line, and two suspension units attached to the moving truck 10. Devices 20, 20 and the suspension devices 20, 2
A component holder 30 (weight Wj) which is suspended via the cables 21 and 21 wound up by the cable 0 and retains the window glass G in the suspended state.

Above the assembly line of the vehicle body B,
Two rails 11, 11 are mounted in parallel with each other, and the movable trolley 10 is supported movably along the assembly line via the rails 11, 11.
The movable trolley 10 includes a driving device 12 for moving along the rails 11, 11. When the vehicle body B reaches a predetermined position along the assembly line, the driving device 12 is activated, and the assembly assisting device 1 moves in synchronization with the vehicle body B. Further, when the assembling of the window glass G to the vehicle body B is completed, the driving device 12 operates in the reverse direction, and the assembling auxiliary device 1 is returned to the original position. The lower surface side of the movable trolley 10 is
Base suspension devices 20, 20 are mounted. In the present embodiment, a conventionally known compressed air type balance hoist device is used for the suspension device 20. Hereinafter, the configuration and function will be briefly described. FIG. 5 shows a schematic configuration of this conventionally known hanging device 20. The suspension device 20 includes a casing 50, a screw shaft 51 provided inside the casing 50, and a casing 50.
A piston 52 that moves along the screw shaft 51 by compressed air, and a nut 5 that moves integrally with the piston 52 and rotates with respect to the screw shaft 51 by moving.
3, a reel 54 provided integrally with the nut 53, and a reel 54 wound up by rotation of the reel 54 and fed down by the weight of a suspended object (a component holder and a component in the present invention). A cable 21 is provided.

According to this structure, when compressed air is supplied to the upper chamber 56 of the piston 52 through the air supply port 55 of the casing 50, the piston 52 moves along the screw shaft 51, so that the nut 53 is attached to the screw shaft 51. And the reel 54 rotates with a constant torque to rotate the cable 21.
Is wound up. The rotation torque of the reel 54, that is, the lifting force F of the cable 21, can be arbitrarily adjusted by changing the pressure P of the compressed air supplied through a supply pressure control circuit (not shown). In the present embodiment, as described later, the first to third suspension forces F1, F
It can be switched between three stages, F2 and F3. A supply pressure control circuit for supplying the compressed air to the suspension devices 20 and 20 and for switching the pressure P of the supplied compressed air to three stages can be achieved by appropriately using a conventionally known pneumatic circuit. The description is omitted.

The distal ends of the two cables 21, 21 pulled out from the two suspending devices 20, 20 are located at both ends of a single component holder 30.
Position). A plurality of vacuum suction pads 31 to 31 are attached to the lower surface side of the component holder 30. By operating a vacuum device (not shown), the window glass G is provided through the vacuum suction pads 31 to 31.
Can be suction-held on the lower surface side of the component holder 30. On both sides of the component holder 30, handle portions 32 to 32 that are gripped when the assembling worker M moves the component holder 30 are provided. Regarding the total lifting force F of the suspending devices 20, 20, the first lifting force F1 is set to be larger than the total weight Wt (= Wj + Wp) of the weight Wj of the component holder 30 and the weight Wp of the window glass G (F1>). Wt), the second lifting force F2
Is set to a force substantially equal to the total weight Wt. Accordingly, in a state where the pressure of the compressed air supplied to the suspension devices 20 and 20 is switched to the maximum and the total lifting force F of the cables 21 and 21 is switched to the first lifting force F1,
The component holder 30 is displaced upward by winding the cables 21 and 21 while holding the window glass G. The switching operation of the suspension devices 20, 20 is performed by an operation panel 43 for remote operation suspended downward from the movable carriage 10. The operation panel 43 includes the wiring cable 4
The assembling worker M is suspended at a height that can be easily reached via 3b.

On the other hand, a lowering device 40 of a swing arm type is provided on the lower surface side of the movable cart 10 so as to be tiltable up and down around a support portion 41. The pushing device 40 is a swing cylinder 4 attached to the movable carriage 10.
2 is used as a drive source to tilt up and down within a certain angle range (almost horizontal position and a position along the front surface of the vehicle body B). The push-down device 40 tilts downward when the swing cylinder 42 operates in the protruding direction, and tilts upward when the swing cylinder 42 operates in the retracting direction. Although not shown, the movable carriage 10 has an electromagnetic valve for supplying or exhausting compressed air to the swing cylinder 42 and a toggle-type switch (swing switch) for operating the solenoid valve.
Is arranged. An operation string 43a for on / off operation is connected to the swing switch. This operation string 4
3a is hung downward from the operation panel 43 for remote operation described above, and has reached a position where the assembling worker M can easily reach. The assembling worker M operates the operation string 43a.
When the pulling operation is performed, the swing switch is turned on and the electromagnetic valve is operated, whereby the swing cylinder 42 is operated in the protruding direction, and the pushing-down device 40 is tilted to a position substantially along the front surface BF of the vehicle body B (working position). I do.
When the operation cord 43a is pulled again, the swing switch is turned off and the electromagnetic valve is operated to the opposite side, whereby the swing cylinder 42 is operated in the retraction direction and moves upward from the working position below the push-down device 40 to be substantially horizontal. Is returned to the standby position. Note that the stroke ends of the swing cylinder 42 on the protruding side and the retraction side are regulated by stoppers not shown. Swing cylinder 4
2, the stroke end is detected by the sensor, and based on this, the electromagnetic valve is switched to the lock position, whereby the position of the swing cylinder 42 and thus the push-down device 40 is locked to the working position or the standby position.

Next, positioning blocks 44 to 44 for positioning the component holder 30 are provided on the lower surface of the tip end of the pressing device 40. The tip side of the pressing device 40 is located above the component holder 30. For this reason, as described above, the suspension devices 20, 20
Cables 21 and 21 are wound up and the component holder 30
Is displaced upward, the component holder 30 comes into contact with the lower surface of the distal end of the push-down device 40, and further upward displacement is prevented. The component holder 30 includes a pressing device 40.
Abuts on the lower surface of the tip of the positioning block 44-4.
4 and is fixed to the lower surface of the distal end of the press-down device 40 in a state where it is positioned. In a state in which the component holder 30 is fixed to the lower surface of the tip of the push-down device 40,
The first lifting force F1 of the two suspension devices 20, 20 is acting on the pushing device 40.
Since the thrust of the swing cylinder 42 is superior to 1, the push-down device 40 does not tilt upward due to the first lifting force F1 of the two suspension devices 20, 20.
Further, in a state where the component holder 30 is fixed to the lower surface of the distal end of the push-down device 40, the first lifting force F1 of the cables 21 and 21 always acts on the component holder 30 as an upward force. For this reason, when the swing cylinder 42 operates in the retraction direction and the push-down device 40 tilts upward, the component holder 30 is also integrally displaced upward while being held at the lower surface of the tip of the push-down device 40.

According to the assembling assisting device 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above, one window glass G is assembled to the vehicle body B. First, the assembling auxiliary device 1 is located at a standby position above a transport line on which the vehicle bodies BB are transported. In this standby state, the hoisting forces of the two suspension devices 20, 20 have been switched to the first hoisting forces F1, F1. For this reason, the component holder 30 is fixed to the lower surface of the distal end of the push-down device 40. Further, the swing cylinder 42 operates in the retraction direction, and the push-down device 40 is held at a substantially horizontal position. Further, the window holder G is suction-held in the component holder 30 in a substantially horizontal state (a state parallel to the push-down device 40) by the plurality of vacuum suction pads 31 to 31.

When the vehicle body B to which the window glass G is to be attached advances below the assembly assisting device 1 which is waiting in such a state, the driving device 12 is activated, and thereby the assembly is started. The attachment auxiliary device 1 is a vehicle body B
Start moving in synchronization with. In this way, when the assembling worker M pulls and operates the operation cord 43a in a process in which the assembling auxiliary device 1 moves in synchronization with the vehicle body B,
The swing cylinder 42 is operated in the protruding direction, whereby the pushing-down device 40 starts to tilt downward.

When the pushing device 40 is tilted to the working position, the pressure P of the compressed air supplied to the suspending devices 20, 20 is switched to the low pressure side, and
The total lifting force F of 0, 20 is switched to the second lifting force F2. As described above, the second lifting force F2 is
Weight Wj of component holder 30 and weight W of window glass G
The force is set to be substantially equal to the total weight Wt of p (= Wj + Wp). In addition, the lifting force F by the suspension devices 20, 20 is set to a large first suspension force F1 until the depression device 40 reaches the work position.
For this reason, when the pressure of the compressed air supplied to the suspension devices 20, 20 is switched from the high pressure side to the low pressure side, the component holder 30 and the window glass G sucked and held by the component holder 30 become almost weightless. , The forces for moving them upward and downward cancel each other and become almost zero. For this reason, the assembling worker M sets the component holder 3
0 and the window glass G can be moved in all directions with extremely small force.

Therefore, after switching the winding force of the cables 21 and 21 to the second winding force F2, the assembling workers M and M grip the handle portions 32 and 32 of the component holder 30 and remove the window glass G from the component. Move the holder 30 together,
Thus, the window glass G is positioned with respect to the window opening of the vehicle body B. Since the component holder 30 and the window glass G are almost weightless as described above, the positioning operation can be easily performed with an extremely small operation force. Therefore, the window glass G can be accurately positioned with respect to the window opening. Can be positioned. FIG. 4 shows a state in which two assembling workers M, M grip the handle portions 32 to 32 of the component holder 30 and set the window glass G in the window opening of the vehicle body B. I have. After positioning the window glass G with respect to the window opening of the vehicle body B, the vacuum device is switched to the atmosphere open side to release the suction holding by the vacuum suction pads 31 to 31. Thereby, the window glass G is separated from the component holder 30. At this stage, the suspension device 2
The air pressure of the compressed air supplied to 0 and 20 is further switched to a lower pressure side, whereby the total lifting force F of the cables 21 and 21 is switched to the third lifting force F3. As described above, the third lifting force F3 is determined by the weight W of the component holder 30.
It is set to a force approximately equal to j. For this reason, at this stage, the component holder 30 from which the window glass G has been separated is in a weightless state (a state in which the force in the dropping direction and the force in the lifting direction cancel each other out). , M can return the component holder 30 to the distal end side of the press-down device 40 with an extremely small operation force.

Thus, the component holder 30 is pushed down by the pressing device 4.
0, and after positioning by the positioning blocks 44 to 44, the air pressure of the compressed air supplied to the suspension devices 20
The total lifting force F of 1,21 is returned to the first lifting force F1. As a result, a larger upward pulling force F (first pulling force F1) acts on the component holder 30, so that the component holder 30 is firmly fixed at a fixed position on the lower surface of the tip end of the depressing device 40. Next, the operation string 43a is pulled downward again to operate the swing cylinder 42 in the retracting direction, thereby returning the push-down device 40 to the substantially horizontal standby position. When the pressing device 40 is returned to the standby position in this way, the driving device 12 is activated to the retreat side, and the movable carriage 10 is retracted and returned to the standby position. In this standby position, the next window glass G is supplied, and this is also held by the component holder 30 in a substantially horizontal posture by the vacuum suction pads 31 to 31. By repeating the above operation, the window glasses G are assembled one by one into the window openings of the following vehicle bodies BB.

According to the assembling auxiliary device 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above, the component holder 30 and the window glass G held by the component holder 30 are suspended by the cables 21 and 21 by the suspension devices 20 and 20. At this time, the total lifting force F of the suspension devices 20, 20 is reduced to the second lifting force F.
2 can be suspended in a substantially weightless state, so that the assembling workers M, M can move the window glass G and the component holder 30 holding the window glass G from the actual total weight Wt (Wp + Wj). Can be moved in any direction with a very small force, so that the assembling workers M, M can easily perform the assembling operation of the window glass with a small amount of operating force. In addition, instead of using a configuration in which the output torque of the lifting motor is adjusted using a load cell as in the related art, the component holder 3 using the lifting force F (F1, F2, F3) of the suspension devices 20, 20 is used.
Since the configuration is such that an upward force in the direction of gravity is applied to the zero and the window glass G (part), the same function as that of the related art can be obtained with a simpler configuration.

Various modifications can be made to the embodiment described above. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, a configuration in which the suspension device 20 operated by compressed air is used as an example of the suspension device, but a component holder is attached to one of the cables hung on a fixed pulley instead.
On the other hand, a balancer (weight) having substantially the same weight as the total weight Wt (Wp + Wj) of the component holder and the window glass G held by the component holder is attached to the component holder and the window glass G held by the balancer. An upward force (pulling force F) may be applied to suspend them in a substantially weightless state. In this case, by adding an additional weight, an upward force (first pulling force F1) is applied to the component holder and the window glass G held on the component holder, and these are held at the tip of the depressing device 40. Can be.

The window glass G is placed on the component holder 30.
At the time of separation from the cable, the configuration in which the winding force F of the cables 21 and 21 is switched to the third winding force F3 has been exemplified. However, this switching operation is omitted, and the component holder 30 is pushed down by the second winding force F2. It may be configured to return to the 40 side. In addition, although the configuration in which the window glass G is held on the component holder 30 by the vacuum suction pads 31 to 31 has been illustrated, a configuration using a mechanical clamp device may be used instead. Furthermore, although the window glass G to be assembled on the front surface BF of the vehicle body B has been illustrated as a part to be assembled, the assembly assisting device according to the present invention is not limited to the window glass when assembling a window glass for a rear window. In the case of assembling other various fittings, the present invention can be widely applied not only to the parts of the vehicle but also to assembling various parts to an object to be assembled such as a home electric appliance, various kinds of machinery and the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an assembly assisting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. This figure shows a stage at the standby position.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the assembly assisting device. This figure shows a stage in which the pressing device is tilted to the working position.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the assembly assisting device. This figure shows a stage where the component holder is detached from the pressing device.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an operation of moving a component holder by two assembling workers to position a window glass in a body opening.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing the internal structure of a conventionally known hanging device, which is a hanging device used in the illustrated embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Assembling assistance device 10 ... Movable carriage 12 ... Drive device 20 ... Hanging device 21 ... Cable 30 ... Component holder 31 ... Vacuum suction pad 40 ... Depressing device 42 ... Swing cylinder 43 ... Operation panel 43a ... Operation string 44 ... Positioning block B: Vehicle body BF: Front surface of vehicle body F: Cable pulling force F1: First pulling force F2: Second pulling force F3: Third pulling force G: Window glass Wj: Weight of component holder Wp: Window Weight of glass Wt: Total weight of component holder and window glass (Wj +
Wp)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A mobile trolley that moves above an object to be assembled in synchronization with an object to be mounted of a component, a component holder capable of holding the component, and a component holder provided on the mobile trolley and holding the component. The component is suspended so as to be able to move up and down, and a constant lifting force is applied to the component holder, and the lifting force is greater than the total weight of the component and the component holder, a first lifting force, and the component and the component. A suspending device that can be switched to a second lifting force substantially equal to the total weight of the holder, and that is provided on the movable carriage so as to be vertically movable, and that is separably engaged with the component holder, And a push-down device that pushes the lifting device to a predetermined position against the lifting force of the suspension device. 2. A component assembling assisting device capable of switching a lifting force of the hanging device to a third lifting force substantially equal to the weight of the component holder.