JP2002027717A - Rotating electric machine for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a generator having a function of simultaneously supplying electric power to an electrical load or a battery of two voltages with one generator, and capable of supplying charging current from low speed. SOLUTION: This rotating electric machine includes two groups of multi- phase windings consisting of a first winding 11 and a second winding 12 which are electrically insulated, a first bridge circuit 21 connected to the terminal of the first winding and a second bridge circuit 22 connected to the terminal of the second winding so as to be independent of the first bridge circuit, a switching means to repeat short-circuiting and bridging the respective phases of the first winding on the first bridge circuit, and a switching means to repeat short-circuiting and bridging the respective phases of the second winding on the second bridge circuit. The output terminals of the first bridge circuit and the second bridge circuit are electrically independent. When the output terminals are isolated, the respective windings and bridge circuits become independent, thus it is possible to supply electric power to the battery or the electrical load of different voltages with one generator.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotating electric machine such as a motor or a generator mounted on a vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, as a countermeasure against environmental problems, hybrid electric vehicles have been produced which are driven by a motor during low-speed running such as running in an urban area and driven by an engine during high-speed running in a suburb. In addition, activities to stop the engine when the vehicle is temporarily stopped at a traffic light are also being carried out on a city bus or the like, and an idle stop system that automatically performs this operation has been widely studied. Accordingly, a rotating electric machine having both an electric motor function for driving a compressor and a power steering pump when the vehicle is temporarily stopped and a generator function when the vehicle is running has been required.

On the other hand, in recent years, with the increase in electric load capacity,
The need for using high voltage loads is increasing. But,
Among the electric loads that have been used in the past, there are loads that cause problems such as a shortened life at a high voltage setting, and power supply to two voltages of a high voltage and a conventional voltage is desired as a vehicle power supply. .

Generally, in order to increase the rotational driving torque of a motor, it is necessary to improve the efficiency and to increase the driving current by reducing the number of conductors per slot of the stator. However, when the number of conductors per slot of the stator is reduced, the number of rotations that can supply power to the battery and various electric loads when operating as a generator increases, in other words, in the low-speed rotation region that is frequently used in urban driving etc. Insufficient output may cause problems such as a dead battery.

On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-87137 discloses that when used as a generator, an MO that plays the role of a switch and a diode at the same time as a bridge element of a rectifier.
A configuration is shown in which the on / off of each switch is controlled at a high speed using an S transistor, and the short circuit of each phase of the stator winding and the formation of a bridge circuit are repeated to take out a charging current even at a low rotation speed. When used as an electric motor, a current is supplied from the outside so as to form a rotating magnetic field in the stator winding by controlling each switch.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-8713
In the rotating electric machine described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7, the power generation operation requires only one type of generated voltage, and different types of voltages cannot be supplied simultaneously. Therefore, two generators are required to supply two voltages, and the generator becomes large. Therefore, there are problems that it is difficult to mount the engine and that the number of steps for assembling the engine becomes large.

In view of the above problems, the present invention has a function of simultaneously supplying power to a two-voltage electric load and a battery with a single generator, and a generator capable of supplying a charging current from low-speed rotation. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric motor that can secure a driving torque, and a small and light-weight rotating electric machine for a vehicle that has both functions of the generator and the electric motor and that can be easily mounted with an engine.

[0008]

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rotor having a plurality of NS magnetic poles, a stator core opposed to the rotor, and a stator core. In a rotating electrical machine for a vehicle having a stator having a multi-phase stator winding provided in a plurality of slots, the plurality of slots are formed by separating a plurality of slots corresponding to a magnetic pole pitch of the rotor. The one-phase slot group includes a slot composed of a multi-phase slot group, and the multi-phase stator winding includes a plurality of conductors and slots housed in the slot group included in the slot set. A first bridge having a winding formed by an outer coil end and having two sets of polyphase windings, a first winding and a second winding, which are electrically insulated, and connected to a terminal of the first winding Circuit and independent of the first bridge circuit A second bridge circuit connected to a terminal of the second winding, and the first bridge circuit has switching means for repeating short-circuiting and bridge formation of each phase of the first winding, The circuit has a second
Switching means for repeating short-circuiting of each phase of the winding and bridge formation are provided, and the output terminals of the first bridge circuit and the second bridge circuit are electrically independent.

As a result, a charging current can be supplied from a low-speed rotation as a generator, and since the output terminals are separated, each winding and a bridge circuit are independent, so that a single unit can supply power to different voltages. .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the vehicular rotating electrical machine according to the first aspect, the plurality of slots include a plurality of slots separated by a distance corresponding to a magnetic pole pitch of the rotor.
The multi-phase stator includes a first set of slots composed of a multi-phase slot group and a second set of slots deviated from the first slot set by a predetermined electrical angle. The first winding is formed by a plurality of conductors housed in the slot group included in the first slot set and a coil end outside the slot, and the winding is housed in the slot group included in the second slot set. The second winding is formed by the plurality of conductors and the coil end outside the slot.

By arranging the windings in the slot set having a predetermined electrical angle shift, the coil ends are aligned, so that the windings can be stored compactly and the rotating electric machine can be downsized.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electric machine for a vehicle according to the first or second aspect, a switch means for selectively shorting and releasing between the output terminals of the first bridge circuit and the second bridge circuit is provided. It is characterized by being provided.
According to this configuration, when the switch between the output terminals is short-circuited, an output of the same voltage can be extracted by combining two windings, so that more output can be obtained than with one winding. In addition, the two windings and the bridge are independent at the time of opening, so that two voltages can be taken out as described above. Therefore, the generator performance can be maximized according to the load condition.

According to a fourth aspect, in the rotating electric machine for a vehicle according to any one of the first to third aspects, terminals of the first bridge circuit and the second bridge circuit are grounded to a vehicle body, and The switching means is arranged at least on the ground side of the bridge circuit. Thereby, a charging current can be supplied from a low-speed rotation as a generator.

According to a fifth aspect, in the rotating electric machine for a vehicle according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the output terminals of the first bridge circuit and the second bridge circuit are connected to a battery or an electric load, The output terminals of the first bridge circuit and the second bridge circuit are controlled to different voltages. As a result, a single generator can simultaneously supply power to the conventional voltage battery, the electric load, the high voltage battery, and the electric load of the vehicle.

According to a sixth aspect, in the rotating electric machine for a vehicle according to the fifth aspect, the first bridge circuit and the second bridge circuit are connected to each other.
The switching conductivity of the bridge circuit is set independently of each other. By independently setting the conductivity, the optimum conductivity can be obtained for each voltage setting, the output can be maximized, and the generator can be downsized.

According to a seventh aspect, in the rotating electric machine for a vehicle according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, the switching means of the first bridge circuit and the second bridge circuit comprises:
It is characterized by having a control mechanism having a switching timing at which one of the phases of the first winding and the second winding is short-circuited and the other forms a bridge.

Thus, in addition to the effects of the first to sixth aspects, the pulsation of the magnetic flux due to the turning on and off of the switch does not energize the first winding and the second winding. Therefore, a charging current can be supplied from low-speed rotation as a generator that can prevent generation of magnetic noise due to turning on and off of the switch.

According to an eighth aspect, in the rotating electric machine for a vehicle according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, all elements of the first bridge circuit and the second bridge circuit have a switching function. The first switch group of the first bridge circuit and the second switch group of the second bridge circuit operate as electric motors. This allows
It is also possible for one unit to operate as a motor while supplying two voltages of electric power from low-speed rotation during power generation.

According to a ninth aspect, in the vehicular rotating electrical machine according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, the switching means is formed of a MOS transistor. As a result, heat generation of the switching means can be suppressed, so that cooling is simplified, and compactness is achieved.
It is possible to realize a rotating electric machine for a small vehicle that can output from low-speed rotation and supply two voltages of power.

According to a tenth aspect, in the vehicular rotating electrical machine according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, the stator winding has a substantially rectangular cross section along the slot shape. Features. Thereby, the conductor space factor in the slot can be increased, and a small and compact rotating electric machine can be provided.

[0021]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of a vehicular rotating electric machine according to the present invention, in particular, an AC generator will be described.

[First Embodiment] FIGS. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a circuit of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing control signals. .

In the automotive alternator, a current is applied to the field coil 4 of the rotor to form a plurality of NS magnetic poles, which are rotated on the inner peripheral side of the stator. An AC voltage is generated in the winding, converted to DC by a rectifier, and supplied to the outside.

In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the three-phase first winding 11 and the second winding 12 are arranged on the stator in such a manner that the electrical angle is shifted by 30 degrees. In order to simplify the manufacturing process, the number of turns of each winding is set to be the same. The output line of each winding is connected to a first bridge circuit 21 and a second bridge circuit 22. A switch 211 that can short-circuit each phase of the first winding 11 is provided on the ground side of the first bridge circuit 21.
And a diode 212 in parallel with the switch 211,
They are arranged in three phases. Specifically, the switch 211
And an MO that performs the same operation as the parallel circuit of the diode 212
An S transistor 210 is used. Rectifier diodes 213 for three phases are arranged on the non-ground side of the bridge circuit. The second bridge circuit 22 is also connected to the first bridge circuit 21.
Similarly, the MOS transistor 220 is arranged on the ground side, and the rectifier diode 223 is arranged on the opposite side.

The output terminal 31 of the first bridge circuit 21 and the second
The output terminal 32 of the bridge circuit 22 is separated and supplies power to the high-voltage battery 81 and various high-voltage electric loads 91, or the low-voltage battery 82 and various low-voltage electric loads 92, respectively.

On the other hand, the switches 211 and 221 of the first bridge circuit 21 and the second bridge circuit 22 are connected to individual switching control devices 61 and 62. The voltage values of the high-voltage battery 81 and the low-voltage battery 82 are input to the control device 5, and the switch conductivity of each of the first bridge circuit 21 and the second bridge circuit 22 is determined from the information, and the switching control circuit 61, 62. The amount of power generation is controlled by adjusting the field current flowing through the field coil 4 by the control device 5.

The switching control device 6 repeats turning on and off the switches of the respective bridges simultaneously at a constant frequency with the switch 211 of the first bridge circuit 21 and the switch 222 of the second bridge circuit to thereby control each phase of the stator winding. And the formation of a bridge are repeated. Thereby, the charging current at the low speed rotation is obtained. As shown in FIG. 2, the switching is controlled such that the ON periods of the switch 211 of the first bridge circuit 21 and the switch 221 of the second bridge circuit 22 are substantially reversed.

Since the switching controllers 61 and 62 are independent and the conductivity can be changed individually, the voltage generated at each output terminal 31 and 32 of the bridge circuit can be set arbitrarily. Therefore, since two voltages can be generated by one rotating machine, the mountability to the engine is dramatically improved.

Further, since the switching control devices 61 and 62 are independent and can be switched so that the ON period is substantially reversed, there is also an effect that magnetic pulsation due to switching is canceled and magnetic noise is reduced.

Further, since each winding is stored in a slot group whose electrical angle is shifted by 30 degrees, the windings can be stored compactly because the coil ends of each winding are aligned. Also, since the 6th-order electric frequency magnetic sound component is canceled by the two sets of windings,
There is also an effect that the magnetic sound can be further reduced.

[Other Embodiments] In the first embodiment,
Although the MOS transistors are arranged only on the ground side of the bridge circuit, as shown in FIG. 2, the elements of all the bridge circuits may be constituted by MOS transistors. in this case,
A drive current is applied to the stator from outside, and the first bridge circuit 2
The switching control device 61 of 1 ′ and the switching control device 62 of the second bridge circuit 22 ′ can operate as an electric motor by forming a rotating magnetic field. In addition, since each battery can be used as a power source and the drive current can be individually controlled, the power distribution to be used can be arbitrarily set according to the state of charge of the battery, and there is also an effect that one battery can be prevented from running out.

Also, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the cross section of the stator winding is made substantially rectangular along the slot shape of the stator core 90 via an insulator 94, and the inner conductor 92 is formed in the depth direction of the slot. Substantially two outer conductors 93 may be provided. At this time, magnetic noise can be further reduced due to the effect of suppressing vibration due to magnetic fluctuation flowing through the magnetic pole teeth 901 of the stator core 90. As shown in FIG. 5, by joining at the tip end portion 96 using a segment conductor, it is possible to eliminate the interference of the winding at the coil end and to increase the space factor, and to increase the winding area with an increase in the winding cross section. Since the resistance can be reduced, the maximum output current can be increased as a generator, and the maximum driving force can be increased as an electric motor. In the first embodiment, the first winding and the second winding have the same number of turns for simplification of the manufacturing process. However, the number of turns may be different since the conductivity can be arbitrarily set.

In the first embodiment, the output terminals 31 and 32 of the first bridge and the second bridge are separated.
As shown in FIG. 6, they may be connected via a switch 311. With this configuration, when the switch between the output terminals is short-circuited, an output of the same voltage can be taken out by combining the two windings, so that more output can be obtained than by taking out one winding. In addition, the two windings and the bridge are independent at the time of opening, so that two voltages can be taken out as described above. Therefore, there is an effect that the generator performance can be maximized according to the load state. This switch may be a mechanical switch or a semiconductor switch.

In the first embodiment, the windings are formed with the electrical angle shifted by a predetermined angle. However, if the two sets are electrically independent, the windings are accommodated in the same slot where the electrical angle is not shifted. It may be a line.

In addition, as long as the switching element and the diode are provided in parallel, other than a MOS transistor, an individual element may be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of a circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a control signal according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a circuit according to another embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a stator according to another embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of a stator according to another embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a circuit according to another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

11: first winding, 12: second winding, 21: first bridge circuit, 22: second bridge circuit, 210, 220 ... MO
S transistor, 3 output terminal, 4 field coil, 5 field current control device 6 switching control device.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) H02P 9/30 H02P 9/30 C (72) Inventor Masatoshi Komura 1-1-1 Showa-cho, Kariya-shi, Aichi Stock F-term in company DENSO (reference) 5H590 AA10 CA23 CC01 CC18 CC24 CC34 CD01 CE05 DD23 EA10 EA13 EB02 EB14 FA08 FB01 FC14 GA02 GA04 GA05 5H603 AA01 BB01 BB02 BB09 BB12 CA01 CA05 CB01 CC05 CC17 CD02 CD05 CD05 A08 CE05 DD05 BB03 BB10 BB14 CC01 CC04 CC15 PB02 PB03 QB13 5H619 AA01 AA03 AA05 BB01 BB03 BB06 BB10 PP01 PP14

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A stator comprising: a rotor having a plurality of NS magnetic poles; a stator core disposed to face the rotor; and a multi-phase stator winding provided in a plurality of slots of the stator core. In the rotating electrical machine for a vehicle having a plurality of slots, the plurality of slots are a plurality of slots separated from one another corresponding to the magnetic pole pitch of the rotor as a single-phase slot group. The multi-phase stator winding includes a winding formed by a plurality of conductors housed in the slot group included in the slot group and a coil end outside the slot, and electrically insulated. A first bridge circuit having two sets of polyphase windings, one winding and a second winding, and a first bridge circuit connected to a terminal of the first winding; and a second bridge circuit independent of the first bridge circuit. A second bridge circuit connected to the terminal, The first bridge circuit has switching means for repeating short-circuiting and bridging of each phase of a first winding, and the second bridge circuit repeatedly short-circuiting and bridging of each phase of a second winding in the second bridge circuit. A rotating electrical machine for a vehicle, comprising switching means, wherein output terminals of the first bridge circuit and the second bridge circuit are electrically independent. 2. The electric rotating machine for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of slots are a plurality of slots separated by a distance corresponding to the magnetic pole pitch of the rotor as a single-phase slot group. And a second slot group having a predetermined electrical angle deviation from the first slot group.
And a slot set, wherein the multi-phase stator winding comprises:
A plurality of conductors accommodated in the slot group included in the first slot set and a coil end outside the slot form a first winding, and a plurality of conductors accommodated in the slot group included in the second slot set are included. A rotating electric machine for a vehicle, wherein a second winding is formed by a conductor and a coil end outside a slot. 3. The rotating electric machine for a vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising: switch means for selectively short-circuiting and releasing between the output terminals of the first bridge circuit and the second bridge circuit. Rotating electric machine for vehicles. 4. The rotating electrical machine for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein terminals of the first bridge circuit and the second bridge circuit are grounded to a vehicle body, and the switching means of the bridge includes A rotating electrical machine for a vehicle, which is arranged at least on the ground side of the bridge circuit. 5. The vehicular rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein output terminals of the first bridge circuit and the second bridge circuit are connected to a battery or an electric load, and the one bridge circuit is connected to a battery. The output terminal of the second bridge circuit is controlled to a different voltage. 6. The vehicular rotating electrical machine according to claim 5, wherein the switching continuities of the first bridge circuit and the second bridge circuit are set independently of each other. 7. The rotating electric machine for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the switching means of the first bridge circuit and the second bridge circuit comprises a first winding and a second winding. A rotating electric machine for a vehicle, comprising a control mechanism having a switching timing in which one of the phases is short-circuited and the other forms a bridge. 8. The vehicular rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein all elements of the first bridge circuit and the second bridge circuit have a switching function, and the first bridge circuit has a switching function. A rotating electric machine for a vehicle, wherein the first switch group and the second switch group of the second bridge circuit operate as an electric motor. 9. The rotating electric machine for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said switching means is formed by a MOS transistor. 10. The vehicular rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the stator winding has a substantially rectangular cross section along the slot shape. Rotating electric machine.