JP2001349814A - Carrying in and out apparatus for large-sized test object - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide carrying in and cut apparatus for a large-sized test object, for smoothly performing the moving work, when the large-sized test object is carried in and fed out and adjusted, and which is simple in structure and does not have problem in connection with a tester body. SOLUTION: The carrying and out apparatus fore the large-sized test object is equipped with a table 15, a slide plate 29, on which the test object S is arranged and provided above the table 15 to move carrying in and out position, and an arranging position, the drawing and moving means 30, 31, 32, 33 and 35 (the means 35 is a leaf spring as a biasing means) which are connected to the slide plate 29 to move the test object between the carrying in and out position and the arranging position, pressure means 36 and 37 for sending out air to the undersurface of the slide plate 29 to form an air film between the slide plate 29 and the table 15 and a changeover means 37a for changing over a pressure and vacuum means for bringing the undersurface of the slide plate 29 into close contact with the surface of the table.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for loading and unloading a large specimen having a large load, such as a rock specimen cut to a large diameter, to a predetermined position with high precision. About.

2. Description of the Related Art The present applicant has developed a large rock test apparatus which is small in size for the size of a test piece and can maintain the loading axis with high accuracy. The feature of this device is that by supporting the pair of the actuators for pressing in two horizontal directions and the spacers as the reaction force receiving by the floating horizontal frame, the method of receiving the reaction force in the two horizontal directions does not depend on the vertical wall. It is possible to reduce the size of the apparatus itself, and is applicable to a three-way principal stress control test of a test object or a model having a size closer to the real thing. The measurement can be performed by installing a large test specimen cut into a cubic shape at the center position of the main body of the apparatus, and applying a load in two directions, vertical and horizontal. By the way, when loading and installing this kind of large test specimen at the center position of the test apparatus main body, it is necessary to accurately align the center of the sample with the loading center of the test apparatus main body in order to ensure measurement accuracy. . In this case, as a transport and movement adjustment method, it is conceivable to adopt a structure in which the transport operation is performed by a cart and the movement is adjusted while being suspended by a pulley or the like.

However, when carrying large and heavy test specimens, the bogie requires high rigidity, the wheels become large, and a powerful traction device for accurately moving this is required. This necessitates a complicated operation and adjustment method, and furthermore, in arranging the mechanism, there is a problem in connection with the test apparatus main body. In addition, not only hard rock, but also soft rock with collapsibility is set as the test body installed in the test apparatus main body. Such a sample is damaged when subjected to vibration or impact during loading, There is also a concern that it cannot be used as a sample. The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and has as its object a structure in which the loading and unloading of a test body and the moving work at the time of adjustment are smooth, the structure is simple, and there is no problem in connection with the test apparatus main body. The present invention provides a large-sized test object carrying-in / out device.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a table and a slide plate on which a test object is set and which can be moved between a carry-in / out position and an installation position. A pulling means connected to the slide plate to move between the loading / unloading position and the installation position; and sending compressed air to a lower surface of the slide plate to supply air between the slide plate and the table. It is characterized by comprising a pressurizing means for forming a film and an urging means for constantly urging the test body toward a predetermined position. Therefore, in the present invention, even a test specimen having a large load can be towed and moved by light power, and does not involve vibration or impact during operation. In addition, the loading / unloading device is attached to a lower vertical frame at the center of the main body of the large rock testing apparatus that presses the upper and lower sides and the two sides of the test body via a pressing mechanism, so that the loading / unloading apparatus is connected to the apparatus main body. The above problem can be solved.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First,
The rock test apparatus main body to which the carry-in / carry-out device of the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIGS. In the figure, a test apparatus includes, for example, four prismatic columns 1 erected on a floor, and a reaction force receiver as a reaction force receiver installed on the inner floor surrounded by each column 1 and below the floor. Lower vertical frame 2
And an upper vertical frame 3 fixedly arranged on the upper inside of each column 1, four outriggers 4 protruding from the outer periphery of the corner of each column 1, and four suspenders 5 suspended from each outrigger 4. And a substantially rectangular annular horizontal frame 6 made of a rigid body connected to each suspending tool 5, and the horizontal frame 6 is suspended from each column 1. A vertical actuator 7 is provided at the lower end of the upper vertical frame 3.
Are integrated, and the test body S is supported between the lower vertical frame 2. Further, inside the horizontal frame 6, two opposing sides, that is, a pair consisting of a horizontal actuator 8 and a spacer 9 as a reaction force receiver in the X and Y directions are arranged facing each other while supporting the test sample S. . Each of the suspenders 5 is swingably supported by the outrigger 4 and the horizontal frame 6 via a pin 5a, and includes a suspension actuator 10 at an intermediate portion thereof.
Numeral 0 indicates that the horizontal frame 6 is suspended at a certain height, and expands and contracts in accordance with the displacement in the vertical axis direction, so that the horizontal frame 6 is always held at the loading axis position of the specimen S. Each of the actuators 7, 8, and 10 is composed of a hydraulic cylinder, and a hydraulic pressure is applied from an electro-hydraulic control system via a servo valve SV, and a vertical and X, Y horizontal direction is applied to the specimen S in accordance with the pressure. Is applied. On the other hand, a load cell 11 such as a load cell is disposed at the tip of the plunger of each of the actuators 7, 8, and 10, and a displacement sensor 12 is disposed at each of the plungers. The displacement amount according to the protrusion amount is output to the measurement system, and the measurement values in the X, Y, and Z directions according to the load applied to each unit are read. The suspension actuator 8 is driven and controlled by the electro-hydraulic control system based on these measured values so that the height position of the horizontal frame 6 is always kept constant at the vertical loading center axis of the specimen S. An oil film (not shown) and a ball seat 14 are interposed between the test piece S and the vertical end of the horizontal and horizontal actuators 3 and 8 and between the test piece S and the front end of the spacer 9. The load applied to the side surface is equalized. Further, an air injection device 15 is interposed between the upper part of the lower vertical frame 2 and the specimen S. In addition to the above, a slide bearing 16 is interposed between the horizontal actuator 8 and the horizontal frame 6 and between the spacer 9 and the horizontal frame 6. The function of the slide bearing 16 is such that when the amount of load displacement differs in the x and y directions, the horizontal frame 6 moves in parallel to the direction corresponding to the displacement difference via the pin 5a of the suspender 5, Occasionally, the slide bearing 16 causes the actuator 8 and the spacer 9 to slide relative to each other with respect to the horizontal frame 6, thereby maintaining the horizontal loading axis with respect to the specimen S. Therefore, in the rock test apparatus having the above-described configuration, the horizontal frame 6 is always held at the height corresponding to the vertical loading axis position with respect to the test sample S by the suspension actuator 10, and the horizontal X and Y directions are also set. The horizontal actuator 8 and the spacer 9 relatively move via the slide bearing 16 with respect to the displacement of
Since it is held at the horizontal loading axis position relative to the test sample S, there is no measurement error due to these deviations, and accurate measurement values can be obtained. Next, the carry-in / out device of the present invention attached to the above-described apparatus main body and the carry-in method thereof will be described in FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIGS. First, as shown in FIG. 3, one end of the installation table 15 extends in the Y-axis direction, and the loading / unloading operation of the test specimen S is performed using this position as the loading / unloading position. An overhead crane 20 is located above the spacer 9.
Are arranged, through which the work of loading and unloading the test specimen S to and from the table is performed. At the time of loading and unloading work,
It is necessary to attach and detach the spacer 9 and the oil pack unit 14 on the Y-axis side. The spacer 9 is hooked and locked by the chain 21 and the wire 22 suspended from the lower part of the crane 20, pulled up by the chain block 23, and As shown in (1), it is temporarily evacuated to the standby position. Further, the oil pack unit 14 is hooked and locked on a chain 24 suspended from a lower end of the vertical actuator 7, and
By operating the chain block 25 provided on the upper part of 4,
Evacuate by pulling up to the upper standby position. In addition,
Reference numeral 26 in the figure denotes the oil pack unit 14 and the spacer 9
The two rim-cutting jacks 27, which are interposed between the spacer 9 and the spacer 9, which are erected on the table 15 via wood 28.
This is a jack for supporting the tip of the device. After the above evacuation work and the retreat operation of the actuators 7 and 8, the overhead crane 2
After setting the test specimen on the table 15 through 0, the work of loading and unloading the test specimen S using the carry-in / out device of the present invention is performed. As shown in FIG. 3 and FIGS.
A rectangular slide plate 29 that is located on the table 15 and moves between a loading / unloading position and a loading center position serving as an installation position, and is supported by a loading center side end of the table 15;
A sprocket 31, which pulls and moves the slide plate 29 via a pair of chains 30, a motor 32 for driving a sprocket, and fixed to both sides and both ends in the longitudinal direction of the table 15, for positioning the slide plate 29 for movement and preventing falling off. A fixed guide 33 also serving as a stopper for
Reel 34 fixedly arranged on the loading / unloading end side of table 15
And is mounted so that it can be wound up on the reel 34.
A leaf spring 35 is provided as urging means for urging the drawing end to the end of the slide plate 29 and urging it toward the rewind side. A groove 29a is formed in the bottom surface of the slide plate 29, and the groove 29a is formed in the compressor 3 as shown in FIG.
6 through a pressurized piping system 37, and pressurization and depressurization in the groove 29a can be performed by switching a switching valve 37a provided in the piping system 37. Therefore, an air film is formed between the slide plate 29 and the table 15 by pressing the inside of the groove by driving the compressor 36, and the slide plate 29 slightly floats on the table. Even if the body S is extremely heavy, it can be moved from the carry-in / out position to the load center position by the pulling power of the motor 32 in a state where the frictional force is reduced or is zero. When the slide plate 29 is moved to the loading center position, the slide plate 29
5 and then closely adhered to each other and accurately held at that position. Further, by suspending the driving of the motor 32 and floating the slide plate 29 with the clutch disengaged,
The slide plate 29 is automatically pulled back from the load center position to the carry-in / out position by the spring pressure. In any operation, the slide plate 29 can move and land without vibration or impact, and can carry out the loading / unloading operation while protecting the test sample S. Then, after the test piece S is installed at the loading center position, the oil pack unit 14 and the spacer 9 located at the retreat position are again arranged and positioned at the original positions as shown in FIG. The operation makes it possible to measure the load in three axial directions. Note that, in the above embodiment, a vacuum suction means for vacuum-suctioning the lower surface of the slide plate to make close contact with the table surface, and a switching means for switching between the pressure means and the vacuum suction means may be provided. Specifically, the grooves 29a formed on the bottom surface of the slide plate 29 not only communicate with the pressurizing piping system 37, but also communicate with a vacuum suction pump via a vacuum piping system, and are provided in both piping systems. The pressure in the groove 29a can be increased and decreased by switching the switching valve. In this case, by performing vacuum suction by switching the piping system, the slide plate lands on the table, and then comes into close contact with the table, and is accurately held at that position.

As is clear from the above description, the large test object loading / unloading device according to the present invention can be towed and moved by light power, and is accompanied by vibration and impact during operation. Therefore, it is preferable from the viewpoint of protection of the test body. Also, since the entire device can be miniaturized,
When installed in the center of the main body of the rock test apparatus, problems in connection with other mechanisms can be solved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a large rock test apparatus to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the main part.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 5;

FIG. 6 is a transverse sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an air drive system of the apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

15 Table 29 Slide plate 30, 31, 32 Towing / moving means (30 chains, 31
Sprockets, 32 motors) 34, 35 Traction moving means (34 pulleys, 35 leaf springs) 36, 37 Pressurizing means (36 compressor, 37 pressurized piping system) 37a Switching valve

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (72) Inventor Kenichiro Suzuki 4-640 Shimoseito, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo F-term in Obayashi Corporation Technical Research Institute Co., Ltd. 2G061 AA02 CA06 DA20

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A table, a slide plate on the table, on which a test object is placed and which can be moved between a carry-in / out position and an installation position; Traction moving means for moving between the installation position, pressurizing means for sending compressed air to the lower surface of the slide plate to form an air film between the slide plate and the table, A loading / unloading device for a large test specimen, comprising: a biasing means for constantly biasing the specimen toward a predetermined position. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the loading / unloading device is attached to a lower vertical frame at a central portion of a main body of the large rock test apparatus which presses the upper and lower sides and the two sides of the test body via a pressing mechanism. The large-sized test object carrying-in / out device according to claim 1.