JP2001343111A - Equipment and method for estimating combustion air flow- rate below grate in waste incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide equipment and a method for estimating combustion air flow-rate below a grate in a waste incinerator in which a flow rate below each grate can be estimated highly precisely without carrying out a direct measurement. SOLUTION: This equipment is provided with a device 17 for building up estimate equation of combustion air flow-rate below the grate with respective measurement values as input data of total combustion-air flow-rate, respective damper-openings for regulating a flow-rate of combustion-air supplied below the respective grates, and a combustion-air flow-rate below respective grates, and a device 18 for estimating combustion air flow-rate below grates for carrying out an estimation operation of the combustion-air flow-rate below grates based on the estimate equation obtained by the device 17 and respective measurement values of the total combustion-air flow-rate and respective damper- openings.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refuse incinerator having a grate built in the furnace, and more particularly to combustion air under the grate of a refuse incinerator for estimating the flow rate of each combustion air flowing under each grate. The present invention relates to a flow rate estimation device and method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Municipal solid waste incinerators play an important role in treating various wastes discharged in daily life. In recent years, attention has been focused on the recovery of enormous heat energy generated by the incineration of refuse, which is a waste, and the number of boiler power generation facilities is increasing. In a refuse incinerator, refuse is intermittently put into a hopper at intervals of several tens of minutes by a crane, and refuse is sent into the furnace by a dust supply device below the hopper. In the furnace, the refuse is dried and burned by the reciprocating motion of the grate, and is finally discharged as ash.

Air (combustion air) for drying and burning refuse from below the grate in order to maintain the combustion state in the furnace
Is split and blown from the combustion air fan in the transport direction. The distribution of the combustion air (total combustion air) sent from the combustion air fan under each grate is adjusted by each damper installed under each grate. Further, a flow meter for measuring each combustion air supplied under each grate is attached to a supply path of each combustion air. Exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the refuse is exhausted after applying heat to the boiler water by a heat exchanger provided at the furnace outlet. The furnace temperature is measured above the middle part of the grate, and the furnace outlet temperature is measured just before the heat exchanger.

In the refuse incinerator configured as described above, in order to reduce harmful substances in exhaust gas and to perform high-efficiency power generation, stable combustion and stable supply of steam are important. In order to simultaneously satisfy these requirements, automatic combustion control is performed on the amount of each combustion air supplied under each grate and the reciprocating speed of the grate.

[0005]

However, the combustion control method for controlling the combustion air supplied under each grate as described above has the following problems to be solved. That is, a flow meter is provided under each grate in order to measure the amount of each combustion air supplied under each grate. For this reason, four flowmeters are required per refuse incinerator. Moreover, since two to four furnaces are operated in one cleaning plant, one cleaning plant requires more than ten flow meters. Since the flow meter is an expensive measuring instrument, the production cost of the combustion control device in the refuse incinerator increases greatly if a large number of flow meters are installed. In addition, maintenance of various measuring instruments mentioned above attached to refuse incinerator,
It is desired to measure the flow rate of the combustion air supplied to each grate without installing a flow meter from the viewpoints of maintenance work and cost reduction.

In order to satisfy such demands, the combustion air of the refuse incinerator is allowed to flow before the actual operation, and the relationship between each damper opening and the pressure before and after the damper is determined in advance. It is possible to put. However, before the actual operation, the work of creating a data table of each damper opening and the pressure before and after the damper by measuring the flow rate by gradually changing each damper opening and the pressure before and after the damper is required. The actual operation time of the refuse incinerator is delayed. Also, since there is no debris on the grate before the actual operation, even if each combustion air flow rate for each damper opening and pressure before and after each damper is calculated, each combustion air flowing from each wind box into the furnace is There is a high possibility that an error will occur. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and directly measures the combustion air flow rate under each grate by measuring the total amount of combustion air supplied under each grate and each damper opening in actual operation. The amount of combustion air under the grate of a refuse incinerator can be calculated with high accuracy without reducing the production cost of a combustion control device without having to incorporate many expensive flow meters into the refuse incinerator. Are provided.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for estimating a combustion air flow rate under a grate of a refuse incinerator according to a first aspect of the present invention. A device for estimating a combustion air flow under a grate in a refuse incinerator that incinerates refuse conveyed on the grate by supplying combustion air from under the grate, at least the total combustion air flow and the amount of air supplied under each grate. And an estimating means for performing an estimating operation of the combustion air flow rate under the grate using the measured value of each damper opening for adjusting the combustion air flow rate as input data.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for estimating a combustion air flow under a grate of a refuse incinerator according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein at least the total combustion air flow is supplied under each grate. Estimation formula construction means for constructing an estimation formula of the combustion air flow rate under the grate using the measured value of each damper opening and each combustion air flow rate under the grate to adjust the combustion air flow rate as input data.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for estimating a combustion air flow rate under a grate in a refuse incinerator, the method comprising: In the method of estimating the combustion air flow under the grate in a refuse incinerator that incinerates the refuse conveyed on the grate by supplying air, at least the total combustion air flow rate and the flow rate of the combustion air supplied under each grate are adjusted An estimation formula construction step of constructing an estimation formula of the combustion air flow rate under the grate using the measured values of each damper opening and each combustion air amount under the grate as input data, and a fire constructed by the estimation formula construction step. An estimation calculation step of performing an estimation calculation of the combustion air flow rate under the grate based on an estimation formula of the combustion air flow rate under the grid and the measured values of the total combustion air flow rate and the respective damper openings.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for estimating a combustion air flow rate under a grate of a refuse incinerator according to the third aspect of the present invention, wherein the estimating equation for constructing the estimation method of the grate combustion air flow rate is provided. In the construction process, the characteristic of the measured value of the combustion air flow rate under each grate with respect to the measured value of each damper opening degree or the total combustion air amount that adjusts the flow rate of the combustion air supplied under each grate is determined by local opening of the damper. In the area of the temperature or the total combustion air amount, if it is significantly different from the other areas, the area of the damper opening degree or the total combustion air amount having different characteristics of the measured value is divided into a plurality of areas, and each divided area is And constructing an estimation formula for each of the divided regions based on the above data.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for estimating a combustion air flow rate under a grate of a refuse incinerator according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, wherein an estimating equation is constructed for each of the divided areas. As a method of dividing a region of the damper opening or the total combustion air amount having different characteristics of the measured value into a plurality of regions, first, an estimation formula is calculated for each region of the damper opening or the total combustion air amount divided in advance. Construct, calculate the estimation accuracy for each region by the constructed estimation formula, perform division into a plurality of regions for the region where the estimation accuracy of the calculation result is less than a specified value, and perform the division for each divided region by the execution. This is to reconstruct each estimation formula.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for estimating a combustion air flow rate under a grate of a refuse incinerator according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, wherein a respective estimating equation is constructed for each of the divided areas. When dividing the region of the damper opening or the total combustion air amount having different characteristics of the measured value into a plurality of regions, an upper limit of the number of divisions is determined in advance, and when the estimation accuracy does not exceed a prescribed value, Re-division is repeated within a predetermined upper limit of the number of divisions.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, an outline of an apparatus and method for estimating a combustion air flow rate under a grate of a refuse incinerator according to the present invention will be described. A first invention is a refuse incineration for incinerating refuse conveyed on a grate by supplying combustion air from below the grate in a process of sequentially conveying the input refuse on a plurality of grate in the furnace. In the apparatus for estimating the combustion air flow under the grate in the furnace, the measured value of the combustion air under the grate as at least the total combustion air flow rate and the measured value of each damper opening for adjusting the flow rate of the combustion air supplied under each grate is used as input data. This is an apparatus for estimating a combustion air flow under a grate having an estimating operation means for estimating a flow rate. In the refuse incinerator according to the present invention, the total combustion air flow supplied from, for example, a combustion air fan is distributed under each grate, passes through each grate, and is sent into the furnace. At this time, in order to supply predetermined combustion air under each grate, a damper is attached to a supply path of combustion air under each grate, and the damper adjusts a combustion air amount for each wind box. are doing. The first object of the present invention is to accurately calculate the combustion air flow rate under each grate without setting a flow meter. That is, when the total combustion air flow rate and the damper opening of each wind box are determined, the distribution ratio of the total combustion air is determined by each damper opening degree. It can be indirectly and accurately estimated from the opening.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the apparatus for estimating a combustion air flow under a grate according to the first invention, wherein at least the total flow rate of the combustion air, the opening degree of each damper for adjusting the flow rate of the combustion air supplied under each grate, and The apparatus is provided with estimation formula construction means for constructing an estimation formula of the combustion air flow rate under the grate, using each measured value of the combustion air flow rate under the grate as input data. This second
According to the invention, the estimation formula is regressively constructed from at least the total combustion air flow rate, the damper opening under each grate, and the measured values of the flowmeters temporarily installed under each grate for construction of the estimation formula. . In this method, since the actual measured value of the combustion air flow rate under the grate is used, the characteristics such as the actual resistance of the damper and the piping are reflected, and the estimation can be performed with high accuracy. Note that the format of the estimation formula and the construction method need to be determined in advance. For example, the form is a linear combination using the total combustion air flow rate and the damper opening of each wind box as inputs, and the construction method is a least squares method. In addition, with the constructed estimation formula,
The performance of the estimation formula can be evaluated by calculating the under-grate combustion air estimated value online and comparing it directly with the measured value. In the second invention, once the estimation formula that satisfies the desired accuracy is obtained, the flow meters installed under each grate are removed. Thereafter, from the input of the constructed estimation formula using the respective damper opening degrees and the total combustion air amount as input data, an estimation calculation of the combustion air amount under each grate is performed.

[0015] A third invention is a method corresponding to the apparatus of the first and second inventions. That is, in the third invention, in the process of sequentially transporting the input refuse on a plurality of grate in the furnace, the refuse for incinerating the refuse conveyed on the grate by supplying combustion air from under the grate. In the method for estimating the combustion air flow rate under the grate in an incinerator, at least the total combustion air flow rate, each damper opening for adjusting the flow rate of combustion air supplied under each grate, and the measured value of each combustion air flow rate under each grate An estimation formula construction step of constructing an estimation formula of the under-grate combustion air flow rate using the input data as the input data, an estimation formula of the under-grate combustion air flow rate constructed by the estimation formula construction step, the total combustion air flow rate and each damper opening. And performing an estimation operation of estimating the combustion air flow rate under the grate based on the measured values of the degrees.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the method for estimating a combustion air flow rate under a grate of a refuse incinerator according to the third invention, the estimating equation construction step for constructing the estimation equation of the grate combustion air flow rate comprises:
The characteristic of the measured value of the combustion air flow rate under each grate with respect to the measured value of each damper opening degree or the total combustion air amount that adjusts the flow rate of the combustion air supplied under each grate is the local damper opening degree or the total combustion rate. In the area of the air amount, if the area is significantly different from other areas, the area of the damper opening or the total combustion air amount having different characteristics of the measured value is divided into a plurality of areas, and based on the data in each of the divided areas. The method includes a step of constructing each estimation formula for each divided region.

The specific reason why the characteristics of the damper opening and the flow rate change in the range will be described. In general, the characteristics of the damper opening and the flow rate differ depending on the magnitude of the damper opening, and particularly, the characteristics change greatly near the low opening of the damper. Further, when the total combustion air amount is small, the combustion air flow rate under each grate is also small, so that the characteristics may be greatly different. If the characteristics of the combustion air flow rate under each grate, the damper opening, and the total combustion air differ greatly depending on the magnitude of the damper opening and the total combustion air, an estimation formula is constructed without dividing the data for each characteristic. Estimation accuracy is reduced not only in regions having different characteristics but also as a whole.
In such a case, estimation is performed by dividing the measured data for constructing the estimation formula for each characteristic of the damper opening distribution region or the total combustion air distribution region having different characteristics, and creating an estimation formula for each divided measurement data. It is possible to improve accuracy.

In a fifth aspect, in the method for estimating a grate air flow rate of a refuse incinerator according to the fourth aspect, the step of constructing an estimation formula for each of the divided areas differs in characteristics of the measured values. As a method of dividing the region of the damper opening or the total combustion air amount into a plurality of regions, first, an estimation formula is constructed for each region of the damper opening or the total combustion air amount divided in advance, and the constructed estimation formula is used. Calculating the estimation accuracy for each region, dividing the region where the estimation accuracy of the calculation result is smaller than a specified value into a plurality of regions, and reconstructing an estimation formula for each divided region by the execution It is. Note that the division into a plurality of regions is to divide (ie, subdivide) an arbitrary number of regions. From the idea that the area where the estimation accuracy is lower than the specified value includes the area with different characteristics, the area where the estimation accuracy is lower than the specified value is subdivided, and the estimation formula is constructed for each subdivided area.
As a result, regions having different characteristics can be divided, and the estimation accuracy can be improved.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the method for estimating a combustion air flow rate under a grate of a refuse incinerator according to the fifth aspect, the step of constructing an estimation formula for each of the divided areas comprises the step of: When dividing the region of the damper opening or the total combustion air amount having different characteristics into a plurality of regions, an upper limit of the number of divisions is determined in advance, and when the estimation accuracy does not exceed a prescribed value, the predetermined number of divisions is Subdivision is repeated within the upper limit. In the area division according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, if the accuracy does not exceed the specified value even if the subdivision is repeated a certain number of times or more, it is more efficient to judge that improvement in accuracy due to the subdivision of the area cannot be expected. . For this purpose, an upper limit of the number of divisions of the area is set in advance, and if the number of divisions exceeds the upper limit, the division operation is terminated. In this case, an estimation formula is constructed for each of the regions divided by the time the calculation is terminated, and the formula is applied to the under-grate combustion air flow rate estimation device.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a control system of a refuse incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is an incinerator, 2 is a refuse hopper, 3 is a dust feeder, 3a is a dust feed drive, 4 is a grate, 4a is a grate drive, 5 is an ash dropper, 6 a combustion air blower, 7 is a total combustion air flow meter,
8 is a chimney, 9a is a heat exchanger, 9b is a boiler, 9c is a boiler steam flow meter, 10 is a cooling air blower, 11 is a cooling air blower, 12 is a furnace outlet thermometer, and 13a to 13d are combustion air under a grate. Dampers, 14a to 14d are sub-grate combustion air flow meters, 15 is an ITV (industrial) camera, 16 is an automatic combustion control device, 17 is a sub-grate combustion air flow rate estimation type construction device, and 18 is a sub-grate combustion air The flow rate estimation device 19 is a switch.

The structure of the waste incinerator of FIG. 1 will be described. In the refuse incinerator of this embodiment, an opening meter for measuring the opening of each of the dampers 13a to 13d is provided in a supply path for supplying combustion air from the combustion air fan 6 to each wind box. Further, near the combustion air fan 6, an air flow meter 7 for measuring the total amount of combustion air supplied from the combustion air fan to each grate is provided. In addition, below the grate 4, it is possible to temporarily install flow meters 14a to 14d that are detachable from the pipe. Flow meter 14
a to 14d are installed when newly constructing a waste incinerator and performing a break-in operation, or when constructing a flow rate estimation formula under the grate of the waste incinerator and verifying the accuracy.

The undergrate combustion air flow rate estimation type construction device 17 of FIG. 1 will be described. Regarding the devices related to the refuse incinerator, the under-grate combustion air flow rate estimation type construction device 17
Are the damper opening obtained from the under-grate damper opening meters 13a to 13d, the total combustion air amount obtained from the air flow meter 7, and the under-grate combustion air flow obtained from the under-grate combustion air flow meters 14a to 14d. And the estimation formula constructed by the under-grate combustion air flow rate estimation formula construction device 17 is transferred to the under-grate combustion air flow rate estimation device 18. After the delivery of the estimation formula, the switch 19 is turned off and the construction of the estimation formula ends. In addition, the under-grate combustion air flow rate estimation formula construction device 17 includes the under-grate damper opening meter 1 based on the constructed estimation formula.
Damper opening and air flow meter 7 obtained from 3a to 13d
Using the total combustion air flow rate obtained as an input, the under-grate combustion air flow rate is calculated, and the calculated air flow rate is compared with the measured under-grate combustion air flow rate obtained from the under-grate combustion air flow meters 14a to 14d. By doing so, a mechanism is provided to verify the estimation accuracy of the constructed estimation formula.

Under-grate combustion air flow rate estimation device 18 in FIG.
Will be described. Under-grate combustion air flow rate estimation device 18
The grate is calculated from the damper opening obtained from the under-grate damper opening meters 13a to 13d, the total combustion air amount obtained from the air flow meter 7, and the estimation formula received from the under-grate combustion air flow estimation formula construction device 17. The lower combustion air flow rate is calculated and passed as one parameter to the automatic combustion control device 16 of the refuse incinerator. The automatic combustion control device 16 takes in each state quantity in the furnace and controls the reciprocating speed of each grate and each of the dampers 13a to 13d so that the combustion state of the refuse is always maintained in a good state.
The operation amount such as the opening degree of d is controlled.

A description will be given of the form and calculation method of the combustion air flow rate under the grate estimation method. In the estimation by the under-grate combustion air flow rate estimation formula construction device 17, the format of the estimation formula and the calculation method of the estimation formula must be determined in advance. In the present embodiment, the estimation formula is a linear combination with the input of each combustion air flow rate, each damper opening, and the total combustion air amount shown in the following expression (1). Incidentally, it is desirable that the form of the estimation formula be determined in consideration of the estimation accuracy and the time required for the calculation. f _i = a _i1 × Z ₁ + a _i2 × Z ₂ + a _i3 × Z ₃ + a _i4 × Z ₄ + a _i5 × f _ALL + b _i (1) where f _{i is the} combustion air flow rate under each grate (i: _{1 ... 4), Z 1 ~Z} 4: each grate under the damper opening f _ALL: total amount of combustion air a _i1 ~a _i5: coefficient _{b i (i = 1 ... 4} ): factor

_Deriving coefficients a _{i1 to} a _i5 , b _i (i: 1... 4) in each under-grate combustion air flow rate estimation equation (1)
A specific calculation method will be described. In the present embodiment, the least square method is applied as the calculation method. That is, assuming that a set of input data of each combustion air flow rate, each damper opening degree, and the total combustion air amount is k (k = 1 to N, N: total number of input data), it is temporarily attached to the path of each combustion air. The combustion air flow rate f _ik below the grate, the total combustion air amount f _ALLk , and the damper opening _degrees Z _{1k to} Z _4k below the grate obtained as inputs are used to minimize J _i in the following equation (2). Coefficient vectors A _i , bi (i: 1... 4) for the combustion air flow rate under the grate are determined from N pieces of input data.

[0026]

(Equation 1)

Next, in FIG. 2, a case is considered in which a region having different characteristics is divided into a plurality of regions, and an estimation formula is constructed for each of the divided regions based on the data in each of the divided regions. 3 shows a flowchart. Note that S in the figure is a step, and a numerical value following S is a step number. In the calculation shown in this flowchart, when there are a plurality of data distribution regions of the damper opening degree or the total combustion air amount having different characteristics, the estimation accuracy is reduced if the estimation formula is constructed without dividing the region for each characteristic. The aim is to improve the estimation accuracy by finding a data distribution region with a low estimation accuracy, dividing the data into a plurality of regions, and constructing an estimation formula using the data for each divided region. The region division method shown in this flowchart is an example, and any other method may be used as long as data in regions having different characteristics can be divided into a plurality of regions. Here, the case of the data division method for each area based on the damper opening will be described.

In FIG. 2, the number of data divisions in START is "1", that is, no division is performed. In step 1, the measured data of each damper opening, the total amount of combustion air, and the flow rate under each grate are read. The number of data to be read is a number sufficient for constructing the estimation formula, for example, 24 hours of data measured at one-minute intervals. In step 2, the coefficients of the estimation formula are obtained by using the measured data of each damper opening, the total combustion air flow rate, and the flow rate under each grate read, and each damper opening degree and the total combustion air flow rate are applied to the estimation formula. Calculate the flow rate under each grate and compare it with the actual flow rate to calculate the accuracy. In this embodiment, the estimation accuracy is represented by the following equation (3).

[0029]

(Equation 2)

In step 3, it is determined whether or not the accuracy calculated in step 2 is equal to or greater than a predetermined accuracy. If the estimation accuracy is equal to or greater than the specified value, the process ends. In step 4, the data read in step 1 is classified for each predetermined damper opening area, for example, every 10% of the damper opening, and the estimation formula constructed in step 2 is applied to each of the classified data. Then, the estimation accuracy is calculated, and data in the damper opening degree region where the estimation accuracy is lower than the specified value is found.

In step 5, by dividing the damper opening area extracted in step 4 from the measured data,
Perform data fragmentation. At this time, the number of divisions is stored. In step 6, it is determined whether the number of divisions is a predetermined upper limit. If the number of divisions has not reached the upper limit, the process proceeds to step 7; In step 7, an estimation formula is constructed for each data of the area subdivided (divided) in step 5 or step 9.

In step 8, the estimation accuracy for each of the divided areas is calculated using the estimation formula constructed in step 7, and it is determined whether or not the value of the estimation accuracy for each of the divided areas exceeds a predetermined value. Judge. If the estimation accuracy is equal to or greater than the specified value in all the divided regions, the process ends. If there are divided regions whose estimated accuracy is lower than the specified value, in step 9, the data is bisected at the midpoint of those regions. Perform the subdivision by doing. At this time, the number of divisions is stored.
Note that the segmentation method for increasing the estimation accuracy is not limited to this. The calculations in Steps 6 to 9 are repeated until the estimation accuracy in all the divided areas becomes equal to or more than the specified value or the number of divisions reaches the upper limit. If it is determined in step 6 that the number of divisions has reached the predetermined upper limit during the calculation, the calculation ends even if the estimation accuracy does not exceed the specified value in all the divided regions. When the calculation is completed (when END is reached in FIG. 2), the estimation formula at the end is delivered to the under-grate combustion air flow rate estimation device 18.

The comparison between the estimated flow rate and the actual flow rate with and without the data division method according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the estimated value and the actually measured value of the combustion air amount under the grate of a refuse incinerator having a device for estimating the combustion air amount under the grate without incorporating the data division method. FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the estimated value and the measured value of the amount of combustion air under the grate calculated based on the same data as in FIG. 3 in a refuse incinerator having a device for estimating the amount of combustion air under the grate incorporating the data division method. Things. In this embodiment, the upper limit of the number of divisions is three. Compared to FIG. 3, the accuracy is improved when the flow rate is small (0.8 kNm ³ / h or less).

[0034]

As described above, according to the present invention, in the process of sequentially transporting the input refuse on a plurality of grate in the furnace,
A device for estimating a combustion air flow under a grate in a refuse incinerator that incinerates garbage conveyed on the grate by supplying combustion air from below the grate is supplied at least under a total combustion air flow and each grate. Estimation calculation means for estimating the combustion air flow rate under the grate using the measured value of each damper opening for adjusting the combustion air flow rate as input data is provided. Since each flow meter that measures the combustion air in each wind box below can be removed, each flow meter can be shared by multiple waste incinerators, and the average manufacturing cost of an automatic combustion device in a waste incinerator can be reduced.

Further, according to the present invention, in the apparatus or method for estimating a combustion air flow rate under a grate of a refuse incinerator, each damper opening for adjusting at least a total combustion air flow rate and a flow rate of combustion air supplied under each grate. Estimation construction means or process for constructing an estimation formula of the combustion air flow rate under the grate using the measured value of the degree and the combustion air flow rate under each grate as input data, and a grate constructed by the estimation expression construction means or the process An estimation formula for estimating the combustion air flow under the grate based on the equation for estimating the lower combustion air flow rate and the measured values of the total combustion air flow rate and the respective damper openings is provided. By using the actual measured value of the combustion air flow rate under the grate when constructing the equation for estimating the combustion air flow rate under the grid, a highly accurate estimation equation that reflects the characteristics such as the resistance of the actual damper and piping is constructed. It is possible.

According to the present invention, in the method for estimating a combustion air flow rate under a grate of a refuse incinerator, the estimating equation construction step of constructing an estimation equation for the combustion air flow rate of a grate is supplied under each grate. The characteristics of the measured value of the combustion air flow rate under each grate with respect to the measured value of each damper opening or the total combustion air amount that adjusts the combustion air flow rate are different from those of the local damper opening degree or the total combustion air amount. When the measured value is significantly different from the area, the area of the damper opening or the total combustion air amount having different characteristics of the measured values is divided into a plurality of areas, and each of the divided areas is estimated based on the data in each of the divided areas. Since the step of constructing the expression is included, the estimation accuracy can be improved by constructing each estimation expression for each measurement data of each area divided by the characteristic.

Further, according to the present invention, in the method for estimating a combustion air flow rate under a grate of a refuse incinerator, the step of constructing an estimation formula for each of the divided regions includes the step of opening dampers having different characteristics of the measured values. As a method of dividing the region of the temperature or the total combustion air amount into a plurality of regions, first, an estimation formula is constructed for each region of the damper opening or the total combustion air amount divided in advance, and each region is calculated by the constructed estimation formula. Is calculated, an area where the estimation accuracy of the calculation result is lower than a specified value is divided into a plurality of areas, and the respective estimation formulas are reconstructed for each divided area by the execution. So
By subdividing a region where the estimation accuracy is lower than the specified value and constructing an estimation formula for each subdivided region, regions having different characteristics can be divided as a result, and the estimation accuracy can be improved.

According to the present invention, in the method for estimating a combustion air flow rate under a grate of a refuse incinerator, the step of constructing an estimating equation for each of the divided areas may include opening dampers having different characteristics of the measured values. When dividing the area of the degree or the total combustion air amount into a plurality of areas, the upper limit of the number of divisions is determined in advance,
If the estimation accuracy does not exceed the specified value, the re-division is repeated within the upper limit of the predetermined number of divisions, so even if the accuracy does not exceed the specified value even if the subdivision is repeated a certain number of times. By setting the upper limit of the number of divisions, it is possible to omit useless calculation processing time in terms of accuracy, and to make the estimation formula construction time effective.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a control system of a refuse incinerator.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart for constructing an estimation formula in consideration of a case where an estimation formula is constructed by dividing data.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between an actually measured value and an estimated value when data division of a combustion air amount is not performed in the under-grate flow rate estimation device.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between an actually measured value and an estimated value when data on a combustion air amount is divided by the under-grate flow rate estimation device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Incinerator 2 Garbage hopper 3 Dust feeding device 3a Dust feeding drive 4 Fire grate 4a Fire grate driving device 5 Ash fallout port 6 Combustion air blower 7 Total combustion air flow meter 8 Chimney 9a Heat exchanger 9b Boiler 9c Boiler steam flow meter DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Cooling air blow-in port 11 Cooling air blower 12 Furnace outlet thermometer 13a-13d Combustion air damper under a grate 14a-14d Combustion air flow meter under a grate 15 ITV (industrial) camera 16 Automatic combustion control device 17 Combustion under a grate Air flow estimation type construction device 18 Under-grate combustion air flow estimation device 19 Switch

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) The inventor, Manabu Kuroda 1-2-1 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Nihon Kokan Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2F030 CC11 3K062 AA01 AB01 AC01 BA02 DA08 DB08

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A refuse incinerator for incinerating refuse conveyed on a grate by supplying combustion air from below the grate in a process of sequentially feeding the inputted refuse on a plurality of grate in the furnace. In the apparatus for estimating the combustion air flow under the grate according to the above, the measured value of the combustion air flow under the grate as at least the total combustion air flow rate and the measured value of each damper opening for adjusting the flow rate of the combustion air supplied under each grate is used as input data. An apparatus for estimating a combustion air flow rate under a grate of a refuse incinerator, comprising an estimation operation means for performing an estimation operation. 2. Under-grate combustion using at least the total combustion air flow rate, each damper opening for adjusting the flow rate of combustion air supplied under each grate, and each measured value of each under-grate combustion air flow rate as input data. 2. The apparatus for estimating combustion air flow under a grate of a refuse incinerator according to claim 1, further comprising an estimation expression construction means for constructing an estimation expression of the air flow rate. 3. A refuse incinerator for incinerating refuse conveyed on a grate by supplying combustion air from underneath the grate in a process of sequentially conveying the input refuse on a plurality of grate in the furnace. In the method for estimating the combustion air flow under the grate in the above, at least the measured values of the total combustion air flow, the opening degree of each damper for adjusting the flow of combustion air supplied under each grate, and the amount of combustion air under each grate are input. An estimation formula construction step of constructing an estimation formula of the under-grate combustion air flow rate as data, an estimation formula of the under-grate combustion air flow rate constructed by the estimation formula construction step, and the total combustion air flow rate and each damper opening degree An estimation calculation step of performing an estimation calculation of the combustion air flow rate under the grate based on each measurement value. 4. An estimating equation construction step of constructing an estimating equation of the grate combustion air flow rate includes a step of adjusting a damper opening or a total combustion air amount measurement value for adjusting a combustion air flow rate supplied under each grate. If the characteristic of the measured value of the combustion air flow rate under each grate is significantly different from other regions in the local damper opening or the total combustion air amount region, the characteristic of the measured value is different from the damper opening or the total combustion amount. 4. The refuse according to claim 3, further comprising a step of dividing the air volume region into a plurality of regions and constructing an estimation formula for each of the divided regions based on data in each of the divided regions. Estimation method of combustion air flow rate under the grate of incinerator. 5. The step of constructing an estimation formula for each of the divided regions includes, as a method of dividing a region of a damper opening degree or a total combustion air amount having different characteristics of the measured value into a plurality of regions, An estimation formula is constructed for each region of the damper opening or the total combustion air amount partitioned in advance, and the estimation accuracy for each region is calculated by the constructed estimation formula. 5. A combustion air flow rate under a grate in a refuse incinerator according to claim 4, wherein division into a plurality of regions is performed, and respective estimation formulas are reconstructed for each of the divided regions. Estimation method. 6. The step of constructing each estimation formula for each of the divided regions includes dividing the region of the damper opening or the total combustion air amount having different characteristics of the measured value into a plurality of regions in advance. The upper limit of the number is set, and when the estimation accuracy does not exceed a specified value, the re-division is repeated within the upper limit of the predetermined number of divisions, wherein the re-division is repeated. Estimation method of combustion air flow rate under the grate.