JP2001334242A - Apparatus for gasifying waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To install an apparatus for gasifying waste which is simple in structure at a low cost, to save energy resources, and to prevent the clogging of a transfer duct 5 in the apparatus composed of a waste pyrolyzing furnace 1 for carbonizing waste to produce a pyrolysis gas, a treatment apparatus 2 for treating the gas, and the duct 5 for supplying the gas from the furnace 1 to the treatment apparatus 2. SOLUTION: The apparatus for gasifying waste is provided with a temperature detecting means 9 for detecting the temperature of the pyrolysis gas in the duct 5 directly or indirectly, an air supply mechanism 6 for supplying air into the gas, and a control means 8 for setting the quantity of air to be supplied from the mechanism 6 on the basis of the temperature of the gas detected by the means 9.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste gasification treatment facility and, more particularly, to a waste pyrolysis furnace for producing pyrolysis gas by subjecting waste to dry distillation, and a process for treating the pyrolysis gas. The present invention relates to a waste gasification treatment facility which is provided with equipment and a transfer duct for supplying the pyrolysis gas from the waste pyrolysis furnace to the treatment facility.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a waste gasification treatment facility configured to subject a waste to dry distillation and then to subject the pyrolysis residue to a melting treatment is exemplified as shown in FIG. A waste pyrolysis furnace 1 that produces a pyrolysis gas G and a pyrolysis residue R by dry distillation, a melting furnace 4 that melts the pyrolysis residue R, and converts the pyrolysis gas G to the waste pyrolysis Furnace 1
And a transfer duct 5 through which the water flows to the processing equipment 2. The waste pyrolysis furnace 1 is composed of an externally heated rotary kiln 1A, and sends out a pyrolysis gas G separated from a pyrolysis residue R by a solid-gas separation mechanism 3 provided at an outlet side of the rotary kiln 1A. The transfer duct 5 is connected to the exhaust gas section 3a. The thermal decomposition residue R separated by the solid-gas separation mechanism 3 is cooled, and then cooled by a transport facility.
It is supplied to the melting furnace 4 as an object to be processed. The rotary kiln 1A is crushed by a crusher C in advance into a size suitable for treatment, and the crushed waste is dried by a dryer D.
The dried refuse after the pre-treatment of drying by drying is supplied as an object to be treated.

The rotary kiln 1A is provided with a hot air generator 2A for generating a heat source gas, and the transfer duct 5 is used to use the pyrolysis gas G as a fuel for generating a hot gas. Is connected to the hot air generator 2A as a fuel supply path. That is, this hot air generator 2
A constitutes the processing equipment 2. Thus, in the rotary kiln 1A, the waste is used as an energy resource for a heat source for heating itself. Further, the transfer duct 5 is branched and connected to the flue gas for flowing the flue gas generated in the melting processing part 4a of the melting furnace 4 to the secondary combustion part 4b.
This is because the pyrolysis gas G, which becomes excess as fuel for the hot-air generating furnace 2A, is burned in the secondary combustion unit 4b. By the way, in waste treatment facilities, there is an area where waste is stored before it is treated, and odors may be generated in this area, and in some cases, harmful gases may be generated. Then, it is mixed with combustion air in the system to incinerate odor components and harmful gas components.

Since the pyrolysis gas G contains a high-boiling-point, high-viscosity distillate (for example, high-molecular oil such as tar), it flows through the inside of the transfer duct 5. In order to prevent the temperature of the pyrolysis gas G from dropping, an external heating mechanism 16 for heating from the outside is provided so that the temperature of the pyrolysis gas G is maintained at 400 to 500 ° C. As the external heating mechanism 16, for example, as conceptually shown in FIG. 5, the transfer duct 5 has a double pipe structure,
A configuration in which the heating fluid L is supplied between a and the outer tube 5b is used. In addition, an electric heater is disposed as an external heating mechanism 16 in the transfer duct 5.

[0005]

In the above-mentioned waste gasification treatment facility, as described above, since the high-boiling point and high-viscosity distillate is contained in a vapor state, the transfer duct 5 When the temperature of the external heating is lowered and the temperature of the pyrolysis gas is lowered accordingly, the distillate condenses on the inner wall of the transfer duct 5. This condensed distillate may cause the transfer duct 5 to be blocked in some cases. Therefore, as described above, the external heating mechanism 16 is provided. For example, when an electric heater is provided as the external heating means, the local heating of the pyrolysis gas in the transfer duct 5 is performed. The temperature of the electric heater may rise abnormally due to combustion or the like, and the heater may be disconnected.
In this way, if the heater is disconnected even locally, the temperature of the inner wall of the transfer duct 5 near the disconnection point decreases,
There is a problem that the distillate may be condensed there. Further, when the illustrated double-pipe structure without the risk of disconnection is employed, the duct structure becomes complicated, so that it is difficult to form a bent portion in the transfer duct 5 or equipment cost is reduced. There is a problem that it is bulky.

Accordingly, the waste gasification treatment equipment of the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and can stably block the transfer duct without consuming energy resources while being able to install the equipment with a simple structure at a low cost. The purpose is to be able to prevent.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

[0008] A waste gasification treatment facility according to the present invention comprises a waste pyrolysis furnace for producing pyrolysis gas by subjecting waste to dry distillation, and a process for treating the pyrolysis gas. Equipment, and a waste gasification treatment facility configured by providing a transfer duct for supplying the pyrolysis gas from the waste pyrolysis furnace to the treatment facility, utilizing energy held by the pyrolysis gas itself. Thus, it is characterized in that the temperature of the pyrolysis gas is prevented from lowering, and each has the following characteristics.

A first feature of the waste gasification treatment equipment according to the present invention for the above purpose is to directly or indirectly detect the temperature of the pyrolysis gas in the transfer duct as described in claim 1. Temperature detection means, an air supply mechanism for supplying air into the pyrolysis gas, and control means for setting an air supply amount from the air supply mechanism based on the temperature of the pyrolysis gas detected by the temperature detection means. The point is that it is provided and configured.

According to a second feature of the waste gasification treatment equipment according to the present invention for the above purpose, the temperature detecting means in the first feature is provided downstream of a transfer duct. And the air supply mechanism is arranged upstream of the transfer duct.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste gasification treatment facility according to the first aspect or the second aspect, wherein the waste gasification treatment equipment comprises a waste gasification system. The point is that the preheating air preheated by the air preheating means using heat is supplied from the air supply mechanism to the transfer duct.

According to the waste gasification treatment equipment of the present invention, by supplying air into the high-temperature pyrolysis gas, the local combustion of the pyrolysis gas itself is achieved. The temperature of the pyrolysis gas is maintained, and each has the following unique effects.

According to the first characteristic configuration, the temperature of the pyrolysis gas is detected by the temperature detecting means. If the detected temperature is lower than the temperature required to prevent the distillate from condensing, the detection result is obtained. Based on the setting, the air supply amount is set by the control means, an appropriate amount of air is supplied from the air supply mechanism into the transfer duct by the setting, and the temperature in the transfer duct is reduced by local combustion of the pyrolysis gas. Maintaining the distillate prevents the distillate from condensing on the inner wall of the transfer duct. As a result, condensation of tar and the like on the inner wall of the transfer duct can be prevented, so that the blockage can be prevented.

According to the second aspect, while the operation and effect of the first aspect are exhibited, the temperature of the pyrolysis gas decreases in the transfer duct toward the downstream side. By arranging on the downstream side, the region where the temperature of the pyrolysis gas is lower than the detected temperature is made as narrow as possible, and at the same time, by supplying a predetermined amount of air from the upstream side of the transfer duct, from the air supply point Since the temperature of the pyrolysis gas is increased on the downstream side, the amount of combustion of the pyrolysis gas can be reduced as much as possible, and the temperature of the pyrolysis gas on the downstream side can be maintained at a required temperature or higher. As a result, condensation of tar and the like on the inner wall of the transfer duct can be more reliably prevented, and the blockage thereof can be more reliably prevented.

[0015] According to the third aspect, the preheating air is supplied into the transfer duct in the same manner as the first aspect or the second aspect. It is possible to increase the heating effect in the transfer duct while suppressing the cooling of the cracked gas, increasing the combustion temperature of the locally cracked pyrolyzed gas, and suppressing the combustion amount of the cracked gas. Moreover, since the air preheating means for preheating the air with the waste heat in the system is used, energy resources are not consumed for heating the transfer duct. As the air preheating means, an air preheater for supplying preheated air to the combustion system in the system may be used, or an air preheating means utilizing heat of exhaust gas generated in the system may be used. .

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One example of an embodiment of the waste gasification treatment equipment according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the same elements as those described in the related art and elements having the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 4 and 5, and a part of the detailed description is omitted. .

As shown in FIG. 1, a waste gasification treatment facility according to the present invention comprises: a waste pyrolysis furnace 1 for producing pyrolysis gas G by subjecting waste to dry distillation; And processing equipment 2 for processing. As the waste pyrolysis furnace 1, an externally heated rotary kiln 1A is used in the illustrated example. The rotary kiln 1A is provided with a hot air generating furnace 2A and is configured to be externally heated by a hot gas generated in the hot air generating furnace 2A. The pyrolysis gas G generated in the rotary kiln 1A is used as fuel for the hot-air generator 2A. That is, the hot-air generating furnace 2
A is a facility 2 for treating pyrolysis gas G. For this purpose, a transfer duct 5 through which the pyrolysis gas G from the exhaust gas portion 3a on the outlet side of the rotary kiln 1A flows is provided and connected as a fuel supply path to the hot air generator 2A. Heavy oil is also supplied to the hot air generating furnace 2A, and hot air is generated by the combustion heat of the heavy oil at the start of operation.

The transfer duct 5 does not have an external heating mechanism unlike the conventional one. Then, as shown in FIG. 2 conceptually showing the configuration, a temperature detecting means 9 for directly or indirectly detecting the temperature of the pyrolysis gas G in the transfer duct 5, and air in the pyrolysis gas G And an air supply mechanism 6 for supplying air. The temperature detecting means 9 is arranged on the downstream side of the transfer duct 5, and the air supply mechanism 6 is arranged on the upstream side of the transfer duct 5, and detects the temperature of the pyrolysis gas G detected by the temperature detecting means 9. A control unit 8 is provided for setting the air supply amount based on the air supply mechanism 6 for adding air to the pyrolysis gas G. The temperature detecting means 9 directly or indirectly detects the temperature of the pyrolysis gas G, and may be a thermometer arranged so as to be brought into direct contact with the pyrolysis gas G. 5, the temperature of the pyrolysis gas may be determined or estimated by detecting the inner wall temperature, or the temperature may be determined or estimated from the radiation of the pyrolysis gas.

With the above configuration, the rotary kiln 1
Although the temperature of the pyrolysis gas G discharged from the exhaust gas portion 3a of A is 430 to 450 ° C., the temperature detected by a thermocouple thermometer inserted into the transfer duct 5 as the temperature detecting means 9 is: For example, if the temperature falls below a specific set temperature (eg, 400 ° C.) set between 400 and 500 ° C., the supply amount of air set based on the deviation of the temperature of the pyrolysis gas from the set temperature (eg, 400 ° C.) Is supplied from the air supply mechanism 6 into the transfer duct 5. The air supplied into the transfer duct 5 is preferably preheated air preheated to about 200 ° C. in order to avoid a temperature drop due to cooling of the pyrolysis gas by the air. In this way, the pyrolysis gas in contact with the supplied air locally burns, causing a temperature rise in the pyrolysis gas G corresponding to the combustion calorific value, and the pyrolysis gas G in the transfer duct 5 is heated. The temperature is adjusted so that it does not fall below 350 ° C. That is, generally, the pyrolysis gas G is 35
When the temperature is cooled to 0 ° C. or less, the adhesion of tar to the inner wall of the transfer duct 5 becomes remarkable. In this way, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the distillate from the waste such as tar adheres to the inner wall of the transfer duct 5 and accumulates and finally blocks the transfer duct 5.

Here, this rotary kiln 1A is provided with a pre-treatment facility for pre-treating the waste to be charged therein.
A crusher C for crushing waste to be input into a size suitable for drying and thermal decomposition treatment, and a dryer D for previously drying crushed waste are provided. This is to prevent a large amount of water vapor from evaporating when the waste is carbonized in the rotary kiln 1A, thereby reducing the lower heating value of the pyrolysis gas G. As the dryer D, a rotary dryer is preferably used. As this drying heat source fluid,
In the illustrated example, the hot gas from the hot air generator 2A after heating the rotary kiln 1A is used. In this way, energy consumption is also reduced here.

The above is the description of the main part shown in FIG. 1. As shown, the rotary kiln 1
After the pyrolysis residue R discharged from the residue discharge unit 3b of A is cooled, the melting equipment 4a of the melting furnace 4 is cooled by the transport equipment.
After the combustible components are burned, the combustion residue is melted to form a molten slag S. Further, the transfer duct 5 is branched to form a branched transfer duct 5A, and the transfer duct 5A is connected to the secondary combustion portion 4b of the melting furnace 4, and the transfer duct 5A has an excess for burning in the hot air generating furnace 2A. The pyrolysis gas G is burned in the secondary combustion section 4b. Thus, the melting furnace 4 is also configured to constitute the processing equipment 2. The transfer duct 5A is also provided with a second air supply mechanism 6A near the branch, and a second temperature detecting means 9A is provided on the side of the secondary combustion section 4b.
Then, the same control is performed by the control means 8, and preheated air is also supplied to the transfer duct 5A.

The flue 10 for guiding the exhaust gas from the secondary combustion section 4b is supplied to the melting furnace 4 by the retained heat of the exhaust gas.
An air preheater 11 for preheating the air supplied to the air, a gas cooling tower 12 for cooling the exhaust gas from the air preheater 11 by spraying water therein, and a dust collector 13 for removing dust from the cooled exhaust gas. An exhaust gas treatment device 14 for removing harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas after dust removal is sequentially provided,
The exhaust gas from which the harmful substances have been removed is configured to be sent out to the chimney by the induced air blowing mechanism 15.

As described above, the air supply mechanism 6 is preferably configured to supply preheated air into the transfer duct 5 or 5A, and uses waste heat in the system as an air supply source. Air preheating means 7 for preheating the supply air is used. As the air preheating means 7, an air preheater 11 for preheating the air to the melting furnace 4 can be used. A heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the heated gas after heating the machine D may be provided and used, or an air cooling unit for cooling other high temperature parts may be used.
A preheating temperature of about 200 to 300 ° C. is sufficient.

As a result of the above configuration, in the waste gasification treatment equipment according to the present invention, the high-temperature boiling point of the pyrolysis gas in the transfer duct through which the pyrolysis gas from the waste pyrolysis furnace flows. Since the condensation of components (for example, tar) can be prevented, there is no possibility that the transfer duct is blocked. In addition, since heat energy produced as a by-product in the system is used without requiring an energy resource to be provided for preventing the blockage, no processing cost is required. Moreover,
Since the structure is simple, the cost does not increase as in the related art.

[Another Embodiment] An embodiment of a waste gasification treatment facility according to the present invention not shown in the above embodiment will be described below.

<1> In the above embodiment, an example in which an externally heated rotary kiln 1A is used as the waste pyrolysis furnace 1 has been described. The present invention is not limited to the rotary kiln 1A, but may be a type in which a hot soot fluid is introduced into the inside, or a type in which the inside of a furnace is heated by partially burning a carbonized gas or an object to be treated. Is also good. Further, a pyrolysis melting furnace such as a shaft furnace other than the kiln may be used.

<2> In the above embodiment, the hot air generating furnace 2A attached to the rotary kiln 1A is
The example in which the melting furnace 4 is provided as the processing equipment 2 as the second processing equipment 2 has been described.
Is not connected to the hot-air generating furnace 2A. Therefore, the hot-air generating furnace 2A is not used as a processing facility, and the transfer duct 5A branched from the transfer duct 5 is used as the transfer duct 5 itself, and only the melting furnace 4 is used as a processing facility. There may be two.
In this case, not only is the transfer duct 5 connected to the secondary combustion section 4b, but also as a fuel supply path for the melting section 4a.
The transfer duct 5 may be connected to the melting section 4a. Further, the processing facility 2 is not limited to those shown in the figure, and may be, for example, a gas conversion facility such as a cracking facility, or a synthesis facility using a component of a pyrolysis gas as a raw material. This is because, whatever the type of the processing equipment 2, the problem described in the section of the problem occurs, and the present invention can address this problem.

<3> In the above embodiment, the transfer duct 5 is provided with the temperature detecting means 9 and the air supply mechanism 6, and the branched transfer duct 5A is provided with the second temperature detecting means 9A and the second air Although the example in which the supply mechanism 6A is provided has been described,
Of these transfer ducts 5 and 5A, the temperature detection means 9 and the air supply mechanism 6 may be provided only on the transfer duct on the downstream side where the temperature of the pyrolysis gas G tends to decrease. That is,
The temperature detecting means 9 and the air supply mechanism 6 may be provided only in the branched transfer duct 5A described in the above embodiment.

<4> In the above embodiment, an example in which the melting furnace 4 is provided in addition to the waste pyrolysis furnace 1 has been described, but the melting furnace may not be provided in addition. Further, the processing equipment 2 described by way of example in <2> above may be provided.

<5> In the above embodiment, an example in which a thermocouple thermometer inserted into the transfer duct 5 is used as the temperature detecting means 9 has been described. As described in the above, any temperature detecting means can be adopted. The set temperature set in the control means 8 with respect to the detected temperature is not limited to the temperature shown in the above embodiment, but may be set appropriately according to the measurement meter and the control system. In short, it is only necessary to adjust the set temperature according to the temperature of the pyrolysis.
Even if it falls below, if the amount of condensed deposits on the inner wall of the transfer duct 5 is small, the condensed deposits may be removed spontaneously in the subsequent transition, and the characteristics of the plant and the properties of the material to be treated may vary. Accordingly, the set temperature may be appropriately set.

<6> In the above embodiment, an example in which the air supplied into the transfer duct 5 is preheated to about 200 ° C. has been described. However, this air preheating is not essential, and the air preheating means 7 is also essential. is not. That is, depending on the amount of the pyrolysis gas flowing through the inside of the transfer duct 5 and the inlet temperature, etc., a sufficient temperature-raising effect may be exhibited even if air at normal temperature is introduced.

<7> In the above embodiment, an air preheater 11, a gas cooling tower 12, a dust collector 13, and a flue 10 for guiding exhaust gas from the secondary combustion portion 4b of the melting furnace 4 An example has been described in which the exhaust gas treatment device 14 is sequentially provided, and the exhaust gas from which the harmful substances have been removed is sent to the chimney by the induced air blowing mechanism 15, but the configuration of these devices is arbitrary. Thus, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a waste heat boiler may be provided instead of the gas cooling tower 12, or both the waste heat boiler and the gas cooling tower may be provided. At the extreme, a completely different device may be arranged.

[0033]

As described above, according to the present invention,
It was possible to stably prevent the transfer duct from being blocked without consuming energy resources while being able to install the equipment at a low cost with a simple structure.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the attached drawings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration explanatory view showing an example of a waste gasification treatment facility according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the configuration of a transfer duct according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration explanatory view showing another example of the waste gasification treatment facility according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a conventional waste gasification treatment facility.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a configuration of a conventional transfer duct.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste pyrolysis furnace 2 Processing equipment 5 Transfer duct 6 Air supply mechanism 7 Air preheating means 8 Control means 9 Temperature detection means

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F23G 5/50 ZAB F23G 5/14 ZABF // F23G 5/14 ZAB B09B 3/00 303K (72) Inventor Shinji Ozaki 2-47 Shishitsuhigashi, Naniwa-ku, Osaka-shi F-term in Kubota Co., Ltd. (Reference) AA02 BA02 CA22 4D004 AA46 AC05 CA24 CA27 CA29 CB04 CB09 CB34 CB36 CC02 DA01 DA02 DA06 DA20

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A waste pyrolysis furnace (1) for producing pyrolysis gas by subjecting waste to dry distillation, a processing facility (2) for processing the pyrolysis gas, and What is claimed is: 1. A waste gasification treatment facility comprising a transfer duct (5) for supplying from a pyrolysis furnace (1) to the treatment facility (2), wherein a waste gasification treatment facility is provided. Temperature detection means (9) for directly or indirectly detecting a temperature, an air supply mechanism (6) for supplying air into the pyrolysis gas, and an air supply amount from the air supply mechanism (6), Waste gasification processing equipment comprising control means (8) for setting based on the temperature of the pyrolysis gas detected by the detection means (9). 2. The temperature detecting means (9) is arranged downstream of the transfer duct (5), and the air supply mechanism (6) is arranged upstream of the transfer duct (5). 1
Waste gasification treatment equipment as described. 3. Air preheating means using waste heat in the system (7)
The waste gasification treatment equipment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the preheated air preheated in (1) is supplied from the air supply mechanism (6).