JP2001330231A - Heat-storage type catalytic oxidation device and 4-way switching valve - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat-storage type catalytic oxidation device for treating a gas containing a low concentration of combustion components with a less heating energy and without discharging an untreated gas, and provide a 4-way switching valve used in the device. SOLUTION: The device comprises a supply pipe 21 for supplying a gas to be treated containing a low concentration of combustion components, an exhaust gas pipe 26 including a blower 27 for discharging treated gas, two reaction vessels 12, 13 filled with a heat storage material and oxidizing catalyst, respectively, a heating means 14 which is interposed between the two vessels 12, 13 and constituted with an electric heater, and a switching means 30 which connects the pipe 21 to the first reaction vessel 12 and the second reaction vessel 13 to the pipe 26, alternately switching the connection at every lapse of a given time, and when switching, closes the pipe 21 and the pipe 26 for a given time. Thus by closing the pipe 21 and the pipe 26 for a given time when switching, the pipe 21 and the pipe 26 bypass the two vessels 12, 13 and never be connected to each other, and thus no untreated gas is discharged.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a regenerative catalytic oxidizer, and more particularly to a compact regenerative catalytic oxidizer for completely oxidizing and removing low-concentration malodor components generated in a garbage composting device called compost. And a four-way switching valve suitably used for the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, garbage is collected and processed together with other wastes. Recently, it is required to separate and recycle the waste in order to reduce the amount of waste which is increasing.
In the near future, garbage by businesses such as stores handling fresh food, school meals, and company cafeterias will be enacted under the Garbage Recycling Law (tentative name). Processing is required. It is presumed that this treatment employs a method of composting mostly by composting in terms of cost and transportation.

[0003] In composting, first, the water contained in about 85% of the garbage is dried to 50% or less, and then the dried garbage is fermented into compost. Drying of the garbage is performed in a hot air at 100 to 120 ° C. where the garbage is not carbonized. At this time, a part of the garbage is decomposed and air containing about 10 ppm of malodorous components such as hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans, and ammonia. Is discharged. Even at low concentrations, the offensive odor component causes discomfort to the human body, and particularly in densely populated urban areas, it is necessary to remove it to 0.1 ppm or less. The offensive odor component is a combustion component, but does not self-combust at a low concentration of about 10 ppm, and needs to be oxidized and removed by heating to a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher or using a catalyst at about 400 ° C. Heating a large amount of air above 1000 ° C requires a lot of heat energy,
In practice, a catalytic oxidation method of oxidizing at a temperature of about 400 ° C. using a catalyst is used. In this catalytic oxidation method,
It is desired to recover the heat retained in the processing gas at about 400 ° C. and preheat the gas to be processed to save heat energy.

[0004] Ink jet painting is used for signboard painting, advertising painting of bus bodies and train bodies, and the like. The exhaust gas contains the solvent vapor of the inkjet ink, and it is not preferable to discharge this into the atmosphere as it is. The content of the solvent vapor is more than the stench component and is about 200 ppm, and the solvent is a combustion component. However, at such a concentration, it does not self-burn and must be treated in the same manner as the stench component.

FIG. 9 is a system diagram of a conventional heat exchange catalytic oxidation apparatus (1) for air containing a malodorous component. The air containing the offensive odor component is preheated in the heat exchanger (2), heated to about 400 ° C. where catalytic oxidation is performed in the heating unit (3), sent to the catalytic oxidation unit (4), and oxidized by the catalyst, Offensive odor components are removed. Since the processing gas from which the offensive odor component has been removed has a sensible heat of about 400 ° C., it is discharged after being recovered in the heat exchanger (2). Since the heat exchanger (2) performs gas-gas heat exchange, the heat exchange rate is low and about 5 kW of electric power is required to process 1 m ³ / min air. In the case of a large catalytic oxidizer, inexpensive kerosene or fuel gas can be used for the heater, but 1 m ³ / mi
In a small apparatus for processing about n air, electric heating with a simple structure is used, and the heating cost becomes high.

FIG. 10 is a system diagram of another conventional regenerative catalytic oxidation device (5). The air containing the offensive odor component is supplied to, for example, the heat storage section (6a) of the first reaction tank (6), passes through the catalyst section (6b), and is heated at 400 ° C. in the heating section (8).
And the catalyst is oxidized in the catalyst section (7b) of the second reaction tank (7), and the retained heat is given to the heat storage material of the heat storage section (7a) and discharged by the blower (8). Switching is performed after a certain period of time, for example, two minutes.
Is heated to 400 ° C. in the heating section (8), catalyzed by the catalyst section (6a) of the first reaction vessel (6), and the retained heat is Heat storage unit (6
a) and discharged. The heat storage type can recover heat more efficiently than the heat exchange type described above. However, at the time of switching, for example, the two-way valves (V1, V3) are closed from open and the two-way valves (V2, V4) are closed. Switch to open. During switching, the four two-way valves (V1 to V4) are in a half-open state,
Therefore, there is a problem that untreated gas is discharged through the two-way valves (V1, V2) and (V4, V3). In particular, a device that treats air containing malodorous components in an urban area is not allowed to discharge untreated gas even for a short time when switching. Also, four expensive electric two-way valves must be used.

FIG. 11 is a system diagram of still another conventional regenerative catalytic oxidation device (5a). This device (5a)
Corresponds to 4 of the regenerative catalytic device (5) of the prior art described above.
Instead of two two-way valves (V1-V4), two three-way valves (V
6, V7), but the others are the same. Even in the related art using such two three-way valves (V6, V7), there is a problem that the unprocessed gas is released due to the half-opening of the valves (V6, V7) at the time of switching.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to convert a gas to be treated containing a low concentration of a combustion component, for example, a malodorous component,
An object of the present invention is to provide a regenerative catalytic oxidizing apparatus that performs processing without emitting unprocessed gas with a small amount of heating energy and a four-way valve switching valve used for the apparatus.

[0009]

According to the present invention, there is provided a supply line (2) for supplying a gas to be treated containing a low concentration of a combustion component.
1), (b) a processing gas pipe (26) including a blower (27) for discharging a processing gas, and (c) a heat storage material (10).
A first reaction tank (1) containing a catalyst for oxidizing the gas to be treated;
2), (d) a second reaction tank (13) containing a heat storage material (10), and a catalyst for oxidizing the gas to be treated, and (e) a first reaction tank.
Heating means (14) interposed between the second reaction tank (12, 13) and heating the gas to be treated by electric heat;
(F) a first operation mode (W1) in which the supply pipe (21) is connected to the first reaction tank (12) and the processing gas pipe (26) is connected to the second reaction tank (13); A second operation (W2) mode in which the passage (21) is connected to the second reaction tank (13) and a processing gas pipe (26) is connected to the first reaction tank (12); When switching from the mode (W1) to the second operation mode (W2) or from the second operation mode (W2) to the first operation mode (W1), the supply line (2
Switching means (3) having a third operation mode (W3) for closing the processing gas line (26) for a predetermined time and the processing gas line (26).
0).

According to the present invention, in order to save heating energy, the heat storage system is used. In order to prevent the discharge of unprocessed gas generated at the time of switching performed at regular intervals, which is a problem in the heat storage system, a supply line is provided. (21) and the processing gas pipeline (26) are in the third operation mode (W3) for a predetermined time, and are closed for, for example, 0.5 second. As a result, the supply pipe (21) and the processing gas pipe (26) are not directly connected,
No untreated gas is emitted.

Further, according to the present invention, the switching means is (a) a valve box (82), (a1) an inlet (31) through which a gas to be processed is supplied, and (a2) an outlet (2) through which a processing gas is led out. 3
2) and (a3) the first reaction tank (12) connected to the first reaction tank (12).
A valve box (82) having a connection port (33) and (a4) a second connection port (34) connected to the second reaction tank (13);
(B) valve means (87), (b1) inlet (31)
And the first connection port (33), and the outlet (32) and the second connection port (33).
First operation mode (W1) for connecting with connection port (34)
(B2) a second operation mode (W2) connecting the inlet (31) and the second connection port (34) and connecting the outlet (32) and the first connection port (33); First every fixed time
From the operation mode (W1) to the second operation mode (W2), or from the second operation mode (W2) to the first operation mode (W2).
When switching to 1), a valve having a third operation mode (W3) in which the inlet (31), the outlet (32), the first connection port (33), and the second connection port (34) are closed for a predetermined time. And a four-way switching valve (30) including means (87).

According to the present invention, the switching means is a four-way switching valve (30) including the valve box (82) having the above configuration and the valve means (87). For example, the first operation mode (W1)
When the mode is switched from the second operation mode (W2) to the second operation mode (W2), the entrance (31), the exit (32), the first connection port (33), and the second connection port (34) are closed for a predetermined time. W3), so that the supply pipe (21) and the processing gas pipe (26) are not in communication.

Further, according to the present invention, the valve box (82) has the inlet (3).
A valve means (87) having an inlet valve chamber (37) communicating with 1) and an outlet valve chamber (42) communicating with the outlet (32);
Are (a) the first valve stem (4) inserted through the inlet side valve chamber (37);
7) and (b) the first valve stem (47) to the first valve stem (47).
First and second valve bodies (35, 39) arranged at intervals in the axial direction of (c), (c) a second valve stem (48) inserted through the outlet-side valve chamber (42), and (d). In the second valve stem (48),
Third and fourth valve bodies (43, 45) arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the second valve stem (48), (e) an inlet-side valve chamber (37) and a first connection port (33). And a first valve seat (36) in which the first valve body (35) is seated and separated, and (f)
The inlet side valve chamber (37) communicates with the second connection port (34),
The second valve seat (40) in which the second valve body (39) is seated and separated.
(G) a third valve seat (44) that communicates the outlet side valve chamber (42) with the first connection port (33) and seats and separates the third valve body (43); and (h) an outlet. A fourth valve seat (46) that communicates the side valve chamber (42) and the second connection port (34) and seats and separates the fourth valve body (45); (i) first and second valve stems (4
7, 48) in conjunction with each other, in the first operation mode (W1), the first valve body (35) is separated from the first valve seat (36), and the second valve (89). Body (39) is second
The third valve body (43) is seated on the third valve seat (44), and the fourth valve body (45) is seated on the fourth valve seat (4).
6), in the second operation mode (W2), the first valve body (35) is seated on the first valve seat (36), and the second valve body (3).
9) is separated from the second valve seat (40), and the third valve body (43)
Is separated from the third valve seat (44), the fourth valve body (45) is seated on the fourth valve seat (46), and in the third operation mode (W3), the first to fourth valve bodies (35, 39, 43, 45) is the first
To a fourth valve seat (36, 40, 44, 46).

According to the present invention, the valve box (82) has an inlet valve chamber (37) and an outlet valve chamber (42), and the valve means (8).
7) includes the above configuration. When switching from the first operation mode (W1) to the second operation mode (W2) or from the second operation mode (W2) to the first operation mode (W1) at regular time intervals, the third operation mode ( W3) is present, and in the third operation mode (W3), the first to fourth valve bodies (35, 39, 43, 45) are connected to the first to fourth valve seats (3 to 3).
6, 40, 44, 46), so that the supply pipe (21) and the processing gas pipe (26) are not directly connected.

Further, according to the present invention, the supply line (21) includes:
A dehumidifier (23) is provided.

According to the present invention, the regenerative catalytic oxidation device (1)
The gas to be treated passes through a dehumidifier (23) in order to remove moisture in the gas to be treated containing a low-concentration combustion component supplied to 1). The regenerative catalytic oxidation device (11) is used for compost (2)
0), the water in the garbage is 100 to 1
Since it is dried by warm air at 20 ° C, compost (2
The gas to be treated discharged from 0) is 80 ° C. and the relative humidity is 1
More than 00%, including mist-like water droplets. The air containing water droplets wets the heat storage material (10). Wet heat storage material (1
0) adsorbs some of the malodorous components. The malodorous component adsorbed on the heat storage material (10) is discharged for a considerable time after switching. In the regenerative catalytic oxidizer (11) attached to the compost (20), the supply line (21) is used to keep the regenerative material (10) always dry and reduce the adsorption by the regenerative material (10). Is provided with a dehumidifier (23), and the relative humidity is set to 90% or less.

The dehumidifier (23) is not particularly limited, but a vertical plate (24) coated with a fluororesin.
The structure in which the gas to be treated is caused to collide is preferable. The mist-like water droplet collides with the plate (24), becomes a large water droplet due to the water repellency of the fluororesin, falls down on the plate surface, is separated, and is separated into gas and liquid.

The present invention also relates to the processing gas pipe (26).
Characterized in that an adsorber (28) filled with an adsorbent is provided at the outlet.

According to the invention, an adsorber (28) is provided in the exhaust gas line (26). Immediately after the switching, the untreated gas remaining in the heat storage units (12a, 13a) is discharged. Although the capacity of the heat storage units (12a, 13a) is small, the heat storage type catalytic oxidation device (1) attached to the compost (20) is used.
In the case of 1), it is not preferable that the untreated gas containing the malodorous component is discharged without being treated even in a small amount.
It is adsorbed in 8). The adsorbent to be filled in the adsorber (28) is not particularly limited, but activated carbon or silica gel is preferably used.

Further, according to the present invention, the adsorbent comprises first and second adsorbents.
In the operation mode (W1, W2), it has a characteristic that the suction operation is performed at the initial stage and the reproduction operation is performed during the remaining period.

According to the present invention, the adsorbent is used in the unprocessed gas remaining in the heat storage sections (12a, 13a) in the initial period of the first and second operation modes (W1, W2), that is, for a short time immediately after switching. And the remaining period is regenerated by the processing gas. As a result, the odorous component in the gas to be treated is concentrated (E
1) (see FIG. 7 described later) and discharged.

The present invention also relates to (a) an inlet (31), an outlet (32), a first connection port (33), and a second connection port (3).
4) and an inlet valve chamber (37) communicating with the inlet (31).
A valve box (82) having an outlet-side valve chamber (42) communicating with the outlet (32); and (b) valve means, wherein (b1)
A first valve stem (47) inserted through the inlet-side valve chamber (37);
(B2) First and second valve bodies (3) arranged on the first valve stem (47) at intervals in the axial direction of the first valve stem (47).
5, 39), (b3) a second valve stem (48) passing through the outlet-side valve chamber (42), and (b4) a second valve stem (48).
Third and fourth valve bodies (43, 45) arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the second valve stem (48), (b5) inlet-side valve chamber (37), and first connection port (33). And a first valve seat (36) in which the first valve element (35) is seated and separated, and (b)
6) The second valve seat (4) which communicates the inlet side valve chamber (37) and the second connection port (34), and in which the second valve body (39) is seated and separated.
0), (b7) the outlet side valve chamber (42) and the first connection port (3
3), the third valve seat (43) in which the third valve element (43) is seated and separated, and (b8) the outlet side valve chamber (42) and the second connection port (34). A fourth valve seat (46) on which the valve element (45) is seated and separated, and (b9) a driving means (89) for driving the first and second valve rods (47, 48) in an interlocked manner. One valve body (35) is separated from the first valve seat (36), the second valve body (39) is seated on the second valve seat (40), and the third valve body (43) is connected to the third valve seat ( 44), the fourth valve body (45) is separated from the fourth valve seat (46) in the first operation mode (W1), and the first valve body (35) is seated on the first valve seat (36). The second valve body (39) is separated from the second valve seat (40), the third valve body (43) is separated from the third valve seat (44),
A second mode (W2) in which the fourth valve body (45) is seated on the fourth valve seat (46), and a first operation mode (W1) at regular time intervals.
From the second operation mode (W2) to the second operation mode (W2) or from the second operation mode (W2) to the first operation mode (W1),
The first to fourth valve bodies (35, 39,
43, 45) are the first to fourth valve seats (36, 40, 4).
4, 46) in the third operation mode (W3).
Valve means (87) having drive means (89) comprising:
And a four-way switching valve.

According to the present invention, the four-way switching valve (30)
Includes the valve box (82) and the valve means (87) having the above configuration. In particular, when switching from the first operation mode (W1) to the second operation mode (W2) or from the second operation mode (W2) to the first operation mode (W1), a predetermined time, for example, 0.5 seconds, The first to fourth valve bodies (35, 39,
43, 45) are the first to fourth valve seats (36, 40, 4).
4, 46) in the third operation mode (W3).
Becomes This prevents the inlet (31) and the outlet (32) from being directly connected. Such a four-way switching valve (3
0) is suitably used as a switching means of a regenerative catalytic oxidation device (11) for performing combustion treatment on a gas to be treated containing a low concentration of a combustion component.

Further, according to the present invention, the first and second valve seats (3
6, 40) faces the inlet side valve chamber (37), the first and second valve bodies (35, 39) are arranged in the inlet side valve chamber (37), and are connected to the first valve rod (47). A first spring (49) which is provided so as to be mutually displaceable in the axial direction of the first valve rod (47), and applies a spring force in a direction away from each other to the first and second valve bodies (35, 39). A first stopper (50) for limiting the displacement of the first valve body (35) in a direction away from the second valve body (39), and a second valve body (39) for moving the first valve body (35) from the first valve body (35). Second stopper (51) for restricting displacement in the separating direction
And the third and fourth valve seats (44, 46) face the outlet side valve chamber (42), and the third and fourth valve bodies (43, 45).
Is disposed in the outlet side valve chamber (42), and the second valve stem (4
8) and the third and fourth valve bodies (43, 4) are provided so as to be mutually displaceable in the axial direction of the second valve stem (48).
5), a second spring (5) that applies a spring force in a direction away from each other.
2) a third stopper (53) for limiting the displacement of the third valve body (43) in a direction away from the fourth valve body (45);
A fourth stopper (54) for limiting displacement of the valve body (45) in a direction away from the third valve body (43);
During the third operation mode (W3), the stoppers (50, 51, 53, 54) are connected to the first to fourth valve bodies (35, 39, 43, 4).
9) so that the first and second valve stems (47,
48).

According to the present invention, the first and second valve bodies (36, 39) displaced in the axial direction of the first valve stem (47) by the first valve stem (47) move away from each other. The first spring (49) for applying a spring force and the first and second stoppers (50, 51) for limiting displacement in the separating direction are displaced in the axial direction. Thereby, the first operation mode (W
In the case of 1), the first valve body (35) is connected to the first stopper (50).
The first valve body (35) and the first valve seat (3) are located near the second valve body (39) against the spring force of the first spring (49).
6), the inlet side valve chamber (37) is connected to the first connection port (33).

The second valve body (39) is seated on the second valve seat (40) by the spring force of the first spring (49), and connects the inlet side valve chamber (37) to the second connection port (34). The space is closed. At the time of switching, the first stopper (50) is connected to the first valve stem (47).
Together with the first valve seat (36). At this time the first
The valve seat (36) approaches the first valve seat (36) by the spring force of the first spring (49), and the distance between the first valve body (35) and the first valve seat (36) gradually decreases. Second valve body (39)
Since the second stopper (51) has not yet contacted,
The second valve body (39) and the second valve seat (40) remain closed. In this state, the first valve body (35) is moved to the first valve seat (36).
To sit down. In the third operation mode (W3), the first and second valve bodies (35, 39) are separated from the first and second stoppers (50, 51) by the spring force of the first spring (49), and the first and second valve bodies (35, 39) are separated. It is seated on two valve seats (36, 40).
After the third operation mode (W3), the second valve element (39)
Is separated from the second valve seat (40) by the second stopper (51) against the spring force of the first spring (49), and the inlet side valve chamber (37) is connected to the second connection port (34). You. The first valve stem (47) and the second valve stem (48) are moved in opposite directions by the driving means (89), and similarly in the third operation mode (W3), the third and fourth valve bodies ( 43, 45) are separated from the third and fourth stoppers (53, 54),
The third and fourth valve seats (44, 46) are seated by the spring force of the spring (52).

Further, according to the present invention, the driving means (89) comprises:
And a lever (58, 60) which is connected to each end of the second valve stem (47, 48) and is provided at a fixed position between the ends so as to be angularly displaceable at a fixed position. )
And a drive source (55) for reciprocating the drive.

According to the present invention, the first and second valve stems (4
7, 48) are simultaneously driven by one drive source (55) by levers (58, 60) capable of angular displacement, so that the first to fourth valve bodies (35, 39, 43, 45) are moved. The time of the third operation mode (W3) sitting on the first to fourth valve seats (36, 40, 44, 46) can be shortened.

[0029]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a regenerative catalytic oxidation device (11) according to an embodiment of the present invention. The apparatus (11) is attached to the compost (20), and supplies a supply pipe (21) for supplying exhaust gas from the compost (20).
Switching means comprising a four-way switching valve (30); two reaction vessels (12, 13); an electric heater (14) provided between the two reaction vessels (12, 13); And a processing gas pipeline (26) including an air blower (27) for discharging air and an adsorber (28).

For example, raw garbage for one day is put into a compost (20) and gradually dried by hot air at 100 to 120 ° C. sent from a hot air furnace (22) for burning fuel gas and the like. The garbage contains about 85% moisture and is dried to less than 50% moisture, for example about 40%, in 12 hours. The dried garbage is compost that does not generate a bad odor due to the fermentation action of the microorganism.

During the drying period, the warm air comes into direct contact with the garbage,
Compost (20) to evaporate the water in the garbage
The hot air at the outlet contains a part of water at about 80 ° C. in a mist state. A part of the garbage is thermally decomposed at this temperature to remove about 2 odorous components such as hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans, and ammonia.
ppm (v / v). The exhaust gas that has exited the compost (20) is dehumidified by the dehumidifier (23), and the relative humidity is set to 90% or less.

The dehumidifier (23) is a metal plate (24)
The exhaust gas collides with the metal plate (24). The atomized water droplets in the exhaust gas collide violently with the metal plate (24) and are captured. The inlet side surface (the right side surface in FIG. 1) of the metal plate (24) is coated with a fluororesin, and the captured water drops as large water droplets instead of being formed into a film due to the water repellency of the fluororesin. And gas-liquid separation.

The gas to be treated in the supply line (21) is supplied to, for example, the first reaction tank (1) by the four-way switching valve (30).
2), flows into the processing gas pipeline (26) via the heater (14) and the second reaction tank (13). 4-way switching valve (30)
As described later, every fixed time, for example, every 20 minutes,
The first operation mode (W1) in which the supply pipe (21) is connected to the first reaction tank (12) and the processing gas pipe (26) is connected to the second reaction tank (13), or the supply pipe ( 21) is set to the second operation mode (W2) in which the second reaction tank (13) is connected to the processing gas pipe (26) to the first reaction tank (12).
W1 = W2 may be satisfied. From the first operation mode (W1) to the second operation mode (W2), or from the second operation mode (W
When the mode is switched from 2) to the first operation mode (W1), a third operation mode (W3) in which the shutter is fully closed for a predetermined time, for example, 0.5 seconds, elapses. The blower (27) sucks air required for drying the garbage from the hot air oven (22), flows the air from the supply pipe (21) to the processing gas pipe (26), and further adsorbs the air (28). To the outside via
The adsorber (28) adsorbs and removes malodorous components in a small amount of untreated gas generated immediately after switching.

Next, the operation of the two reaction tanks (12, 13) and the heater (14) will be described. Each reaction tank (1
2, 13) includes a heat storage unit (12a, 13a) and a catalyst unit (1).
2b, 13b). The heat storage portions (12a, 13a) are made of a heat-resistant non-porous material such as metal or ceramic shown in the perspective view of FIG.
Is inserted. The catalyst section (12b, 13b) is filled with an oxidation catalyst in which a porous carrier such as alumina or silica carries a catalytically active substance such as platinum. For example, the gas to be treated containing the malodorous component supplied to the first reaction tank (12) has an average temperature of 350 ° C. in the heat storage section (12a).
And sent to the catalyst section (12b). Since the oxidation catalyst does not work sufficiently unless the temperature is 400 ° C. or higher,
The catalyst in the catalyst section (12b) hardly acts and is sent to the heater (14). In the heating means 14, the gas to be treated containing an odor component by electric heating is 400 ° C. or more, for example, 410 ° C.
And the catalyst part (13b) of the second reaction tank (13)
Sent to In the catalyst section (13b), the oxidation catalyst acts sufficiently, the odorous components are oxidized and removed, and sent to the heat storage section (13a). In the heat storage unit (13b), the stored heat is recovered by the heat storage material, and the four-way switching valve (3
0) to the exhaust line (26). When the first operation mode (W1) of the gas flow of the first reaction tank (12), the heater (14), and the second reaction tank (13) is continued, the outlet of the first reaction tank (12) Is gradually lowered from, for example, 380 ° C.
When the pressure reaches the level, the gas flow path is changed by the four-way switching valve (30) to the second reaction tank (13), the heater (14), and the first reaction tank (12) in the second operation mode. Switch to (W2). An appropriate switching interval is about 20 minutes. The electric energy required for the heater (14) by the present apparatus (11) was 1.1 kW when the processing air amount was 1 m ³ / min.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the four-way switching valve (30) suitably used in the present apparatus (11) in the first operation mode (W1) of the embodiment. FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a part of the four-way switching valve (30) of FIG. A supply line (21) is provided in the valve box (82) of the four-way switching valve (30).
(31), an outlet (32) connected to the processing gas pipeline (26), a first connection port (33) connected to the first reaction tank (12), a second reaction tank (13) A second connection port (34) is formed to connect to the second connection port. In the valve means (87), when the first valve body (35) is separated from the first valve seat (36), the first valve port (37) communicates with the inlet-side valve chamber (37) communicating with the inlet (31). 71), it is connected to the first connection chamber (38) communicating with the first connection port (33). In the inlet-side valve chamber (35), the second valve body (39) has a second valve seat (40).
When it is separated from the second connection port (72), it is connected to the second connection chamber (41) communicating with the second connection port (34) by the second valve port (72).

The outlet valve chamber (4) communicating with the outlet (32)
2) is connected to the first connection chamber (38) by the third valve port (73) when the third valve body (43) is separated from the third valve seat (44). The outlet valve chamber (42) is connected to the second connection chamber (41) by the fourth valve port (74) when the fourth valve body (45) is separated from the fourth valve seat (46). You. The inlet side valve chamber (37) and the outlet side valve chamber (42) are airtightly separated by a partition (70). The first and second valve stems (47, 48) are arranged vertically in FIG.
In 2), it is movably supported by linear bearings (84, 86).

The first and second valve bodies (35, 39) include:
The first valve stem (47) is inserted through the insertion holes (75, 76), and the third and fourth valve bodies (43, 45) are inserted through the second valve stem (48) through the insertion holes (77, 78). And
Each is movable in the axial direction of the valve stem (47, 48). Further, a spring force is applied to the first and second valve bodies (35, 39) in a direction away from each other by the first spring (49), and the movement direction of the first and second valve bodies (35, 39) is The first stopper (5) fixed to the first valve stem (47)
0), and its displacement is limited by the second stopper (51). This configuration has the third and fourth valve bodies (43,
45), the second spring (52), and the third and fourth stoppers (53, 54).

For example, from the first operation mode (W1) to the second
When switching to the operation mode (W2), the driving means (8
In 9), a double-acting hydraulic cylinder (55) as a drive source
As a result, the piston rod (56) moves in the direction of the arrow (57) (the direction of contraction). The end of the piston rod (57) and the end of the first valve rod (57) are connected via a first lever (58) by two pins (56a, 47a) so as to be angularly displaceable. An intermediate point (59) in the middle of (58)
a) is supported by the first support shaft (59). Further, the end of the first valve stem (47) and the end of the second valve stem (48)
Two pins (47a, 4a) are inserted through the long hole of the lever (60).
8a) so as to be freely angularly displaced by the second lever (6
The intermediate point (60a) of (0) is supported by the second support shaft (61). As a result, for example, when hydraulic pressure is applied to the upper side of a piston (not shown) in the cylinder (55), the piston rod (56) moves in the direction of the arrow (57), and the first valve rod (4) moves.
7) moves in the direction of the arrow (62), and the second valve stem (48) moves in the direction of the arrow (63). An intermediate point (55a) of the cylinder (55) is supported by the bracket (64).

The movement of the first and second valve bodies (35, 39) when the first valve rod (47) moves in the direction of the arrow (62) will be described with reference to an enlarged sectional view shown in FIG. When the switching is started, the first and second stoppers (50, 51) fixed to the first valve stem (47) move upward. Second
While the stopper (51) moves until it comes into contact with the lower surface of the second valve body (39), the second valve body (39) is moved by the first spring (4).
It is seated on the second valve seat (40) with the spring force of 9). First
The valve body (35) moves the first stopper (5) by the spring force of the first spring (49) as the first stopper (50) moves upward.
0) and continues to move upward while contacting the first valve body (3).
5) is seated on the first valve seat (36) by the spring force of the first spring (49). That is, the first and second valve bodies (35, 39) are in the state of FIG. 4 seated on the first and second valve seats (36, 40). The third operation mode (W3) is a period in which the seating state is maintained for a predetermined time, for example, 0.5 seconds, during which the first and second valve bodies (3) are operated.
5, 39) is seated on the first and second valve seats (36, 40).

After the end of the third operation mode (W3), FIG.
As described above, the second valve body (3) is
9) is pushed upward in FIG. 3 against the spring force of the first spring (49), the second valve body (39) is separated from the second valve seat (40), and the inlet-side valve chamber (37) is opened. ) Becomes the second operation mode (W2) for connecting to the second connection chamber (41). The second valve stem (4
FIGS. 2 and 3 show the state of movement of the third and fourth valve bodies (43, 45) accompanying the downward drive in the direction of the arrow (63) in 8).
Since they are the same as those of the first and second valve bodies 35 and 39, description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 6A shows the first and fourth valve bodies (35,
FIG. 6 (2) is the open / closed state of the second and third valve bodies (39, 43), and FIG. 6 (3) is the drive rod (5).
It is a time chart which shows the drive state of 6). By the operation of the four-way switching valve (30), the third operation mode (W
In 3), the first to fourth valve bodies (35, 39, 43, 45)
Are closed at the same time, which prevents direct communication between the supply pipe (21) and the exhaust gas pipe (26). As a result, even if the blower (27) operates continuously, untreated gas is not discharged. The switching time is 3 seconds,
Assuming that the switching is performed every 20 minutes, in the prior art, the unprocessed gas release time ratio (α) is 0.25% from the following formula 1.
Is calculated. At the time of switching, the unprocessed gas does not pass through the two reaction tanks (12, 13), so that the resistance is small, and the unprocessed gas amount discharge ratio is considerably larger than the discharge time ratio (α), which is twice as large as the discharge time ratio (α). It is about 5%.

[0042]

(Equation 1)

In the first operation mode (W1), untreated gas remains in the first reaction tank (12). Immediately after switching to the second operation mode (W2), the untreated gas remaining in the first reaction tank (12) is released as it is. The volume of the reaction tank excluding the catalyst and the heat storage material is about 1 when treating 1 m ³ / min of air.
Since it is 0 liter, the release ratio (β) of the untreated gas amount is 0.05% according to the following equation (2).

[0044]

(Equation 2)

By using the four-way switching valve (30) of the present invention, the release of the untreated gas can be prevented by passing the third operation mode (W3) at the time of switching, but the release of the residual untreated gas immediately after the switching is performed. Can not prevent. The amount of unprocessed gas released by the remaining unprocessed gas depends on the supply line (2
The discharge amount of the unprocessed gas due to the connection between 1) and the processing gas pipe (26) is as small as about 1/10. Assuming that the removal efficiency of the odor components other than at the time of switching is 99.9%, the supply gas line (2
1) The communication between the processing gas line (26) and the removal efficiency of the conventional apparatus affected by the residual gas during the entire period is 99.3%.
On the other hand, the removal efficiency over the entire period of the present apparatus, which is affected only by the residual gas, is 99.85%, which is almost no problem. Since the present device (11) attached to the compost (20) contains a malodorous component, it is not allowed to directly discharge the untreated gas even for a short time immediately after switching. Therefore, an adsorber (28) filled with an adsorbent such as silica gel or activated carbon is provided at the outlet of the blower (27).

The adsorber (28) adsorbs malodorous components in the untreated gas immediately after switching. Catalyst part (12b, 13b)
When the catalyst is sufficiently operating, since about 99.9% of the offensive odor component in the processing gas has been removed, the adsorbent is regenerated by this processing gas, and there is no need to regenerate the adsorbent. % And the processing gas from which the offensive odor component has been removed is released with an average removal efficiency of about%.

FIG. 7A is a graph showing the concentration change of the malodorous component at the inlet of the adsorber 28 with time. In the initial stage of the first and second operation modes (W1, W2), the density (E) felt by the human body at a point several meters from the outlet shown by the dashed line.
1) A higher concentration (87) of malodorous components is released,
As shown in FIG. 7 (2), most of the malodorous components are adsorbed by the adsorbing action of the adsorbent in the adsorber (28). At the outlet of the adsorber (28), as shown in FIG. 7 (3), the concentration of the offensive odor component is reduced to such a degree that the human body does not feel at a point several meters from the outlet. When the residual untreated gas has been exhausted, the adsorbent is regenerated as shown in FIG. 7 (2) by the processing gas containing almost no malodorous component, and the regenerated malodorous component is converted as shown in FIG. 7 (3). It is released, but its concentration is less than the concentration (E1) felt by the human body.

Table 1 shows the results of the odor test of the garbage dried exhaust gas at the inlet (31) and the outlet (32) of the present apparatus (11).

[0049]

[Table 1]

In Table 1, the odor concentration is a multiple by which the raw gas is diluted by an odor judge (a person who has received special training) until he or she no longer feels the odor. The odor index and the odor intensity are values measured by a method specified in the Environment Agency Notification No. 63.

In this embodiment, the four-way switching valve (30)
However, four two-way valves are used. At the time of switching, two open two-way valves are closed first, and a predetermined time W3, for example, 0.5 seconds has elapsed since the open two-way valve was closed. Then, two two-way valves to be opened may be opened.

Instead of the induction blower (27), a push-in blower may be provided upstream of the four-way switching valve (30).

[0053]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, in the regenerative catalytic oxidation apparatus (11) for saving heating energy, the supply line (21) and the processing gas pipe are switched at the time of switching. Since the switching means (30) which passes through the third operation mode (W3) in which the passage (26) is closed for a predetermined time is used, the discharge of unprocessed gas generated at the time of switching is prevented.

According to the second and third aspects of the present invention, the switching means closes the inlet (31), the outlet (32), and the first and second connection ports (33, 34) at the time of switching. Since the four-way switching valve (30) for which the predetermined third operation mode (W3) elapses is used, the discharge of the unprocessed gas can be reliably prevented without using an expensive electric two-way valve.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the moisture in the gas to be treated is removed, the heat storage material (10) of the reaction tank (12, 13) connected to the inlet side does not get wet. In addition, since the heat storage material (10) does not adsorb the odor components in the gas to be treated, the amount of the odor components released by desorption immediately after the switching can be reduced.

According to the fifth and sixth aspects of the present invention, the malodor components remaining in the reaction tanks (12, 13) immediately after the switching are adsorbed, and a small amount of malodor components that can be felt by the human body is released. Nothing.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention,
When switching, the one-way switching valve (30) operates in the third operation mode (W) in which the inlet and outlet are not directly connected for a certain period of time.
Since 3) passes, it is suitably used as a switching means of the regenerative catalytic oxidation device (11).

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a compost (20) provided with a regenerative catalytic oxidation device (11) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a four-way switching valve (3) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a first operation mode (W1) of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating movement of a four-way switching valve (30) when switching between first and second valve bodies (35, 39) and a first valve rod (47).

FIG. 4 shows a third operation mode (W) of the four-way switching valve (30).
It is sectional drawing of 3).

FIG. 5 shows (W) of the second operation mode of the four-way switching valve (30).
2) It is sectional drawing.

FIG. 6 is a time chart showing movements of the first to fourth valve bodies (35, 39, 43, 45) and the piston rod (56) in the first to third operation modes (W1, W2, W3).

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the concentration of offensive odor components in processing gas and time.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a heat storage material (10) inserted into the heat storage part a.

FIG. 9 is a system diagram of a conventional heat exchange type catalytic oxidation device (1).

FIG. 10 is a system diagram of a conventional regenerative catalytic oxidation device (5).

[Explanation of symbols]

FIG. 11 is a system diagram of still another regenerative catalytic oxidation device (5a) of the prior art.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 11 regenerative catalytic oxidation device 12 first reaction tank 12a, 13a heat storage section 12b, 13b catalyst section 13 second reaction tank 14 heater (heating means) 20 compost 27 blower 28 adsorber 30 4-way switching valve (switching means) ) 31 inlet 32 outlet 33 first connection port 34 second connection port 35 first valve body 36 first valve seat 37 inlet side valve chamber 39 second valve body 40 second valve seat 42 outlet side valve chamber 43 third valve body 44 third valve seat 45 fourth valve body 46 fourth valve seat 47 first valve rod 48 second valve rod 49 first spring 50 first stopper 51 second stopper 52 second spring 53 third stopper 54 fourth stopper 55 Double-acting hydraulic cylinder (drive source) 56 Piston rod 58 First lever 60 Second lever 82 Valve box 87 Valve means 89 Drive means

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F16K 11/044 F16K 11/048 Z 11/048 11/22 Z 11/22 B01D 53/36 G (72) Inventor Akio Kanamori 1-1-1, Nishiichitsuya, Settsu-shi, Osaka Daikin Industries, Ltd. F-term in Yodogawa Works (reference) 3H067 AA02 AA03 AA32 BB03 BB12 CC32 DD04 DD05 DD12 DD33 DD47 ED02 FF17 GG02 GG21 3K078 AA04 A21 BA23 DA23 AE00 AA24 AB01 CA07 CC25 CC32 CC42 CC52 CD08 CD10 DA01 DA20 EA07

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A processing gas line (26) including (a) a supply line (21) for supplying a gas to be processed containing a low concentration of a combustion component, and (b) a blower (27) for discharging a processing gas. (C) a first reaction tank (12) containing a heat storage material (10) and a catalyst for oxidizing the gas to be treated; and (d) a heat storage material (10) and a catalyst for oxidizing the gas to be treated. (E) interposed between the first and second reaction tanks (12, 13), and heating means (1) for heating the gas to be treated by electric heating.
4) and (f) a first operation mode (W1) in which the supply pipe (21) is connected to the first reaction tank (12) and the processing gas pipe (26) is connected to the second reaction tank (13). A second operation (W2) mode in which the supply pipe (21) is connected to the second reaction tank (13) and the processing gas pipe (26) is connected to the first reaction tank (12); When switching from the first operation mode (W1) to the second operation mode (W2) or from the second operation mode (W2) to the first operation mode (W1), the supply line (2)
Switching means (3) having a third operation mode (W3) for closing the processing gas line (26) for a predetermined time and the processing gas line (26).
0). 2. The switching means comprises: (a) a valve box (82), (a1) an inlet (31) through which a gas to be processed is supplied, and (a2) an outlet (32) through which a processing gas is led out. (A3) a valve box having a first connection port (33) connected to the first reaction tank (12), and (a4) a second connection port (34) connected to the second reaction tank (13). (82) and (b) valve means (87), (b1) connecting the inlet (31) with the first connection port (33), and connecting the outlet (32) with the second connection port (34). And (b2) a second operation mode in which the inlet (31) is connected to the second connection port (34) and an output port (32) is connected to the first connection port (33). An operation mode (W2); and (b3) a second operation mode from the first operation mode (W1) at regular time intervals.
Operation mode (W2) or second operation mode (W2)
Is switched to the first operation mode (W1) from the entrance (3
4) including a valve means (87) having a third operation mode (W3) for closing a 1), an outlet (32), a first connection port (33), and a second connection port (34) for a predetermined time. The regenerative catalytic oxidizer according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a switching valve (30). 3. The valve box (82) has an inlet-side valve chamber (37) communicating with the inlet (31) and an outlet-side valve chamber (42) communicating with the outlet (32). 87): (a) a first valve stem (47) inserted through the inlet-side valve chamber (37);
(B) first and second valve bodies (3) disposed on the first valve stem (47) at intervals in the axial direction of the first valve stem (47);
(C) a second valve stem (48) passing through the outlet side valve chamber (42).
And (d) third and fourth valve bodies (4) disposed on the second valve stem (48) at intervals in the axial direction of the second valve stem (48).
(45) and (e) the first valve seat (3) in which the inlet side valve chamber (37) communicates with the first connection port (33) and the first valve body (35) is seated and separated.
6) and (f) the second valve seat (4) which communicates the inlet side valve chamber (37) with the second connection port (34) and seats and separates the second valve body (39).
0) and (g) the third valve seat (4) that communicates the outlet side valve chamber (42) with the first connection port (33) and seats and separates the third valve body (43).
And (h) the fourth valve seat (4) in which the outlet valve chamber (42) communicates with the second connection port (34) and the fourth valve body (45) is seated and separated.
6) and (i) driving means (89) for driving the first and second valve rods (47, 48) in conjunction with each other. In the first operation mode (W1), the first valve element (35). Is the first
The second valve body (39) is seated on the second valve seat (40) while being separated from the valve seat (36), and the third valve body (43) is seated on the third valve seat (4).
4), the fourth valve body (45) is separated from the fourth valve seat (46), and in the second operation mode (W2), the first valve body (35) is in the first position.
The valve seat (36) is seated, the second valve body (39) is separated from the second valve seat (40), and the third valve body (43) is moved to the third valve seat (4).
4), and the fourth valve body (45) is moved to the fourth valve seat (46).
In the third operation mode (W3), the first to fourth valve bodies (35,
39, 43, 45) are the first to fourth valve seats (36, 40, 4).
4. A regenerative catalytic oxidizer according to claim 2, further comprising a driving means (89) seated on each of said catalytic converters (4, 46). 4. A dehumidifier (2) is provided in said supply line (21).
3. The regenerative catalytic oxidizer according to claim 1, wherein 3) is provided. 5. The regenerative catalytic oxidizer according to claim 1, wherein an adsorber filled with an adsorbent is provided at an outlet of the processing gas pipe. 6. The adsorbent has a characteristic of performing an adsorbing operation at an initial stage during the first and second operation modes (W1, W2) and performing a regenerating operation during the remaining period. 6. The regenerative catalytic oxidation device according to 5. 7. An inlet (31) and an outlet (32).
A first connection port (33), a second connection port (34), an inlet-side valve chamber (37) communicating with the inlet (31), and an outlet (3).
A valve box (8) having an outlet-side valve chamber (42) communicating with the valve box (8).
(B) valve means, (b1) a first valve stem (4) inserted through the inlet-side valve chamber (37);
(B2) First and second valve bodies (3) arranged on the first valve stem (47) at intervals in the axial direction of the first valve stem (47).
(B3) The second valve stem (4) inserted through the outlet side valve chamber (42).
(B4) Third and fourth valve bodies (4) arranged on the second valve stem (48) at intervals in the axial direction of the second valve stem (48).
(B5) a first valve seat (36) which communicates the inlet side valve chamber (37) with the first connection port (33) and in which the first valve body (35) is seated and separated; (B6) a second valve seat (40) in which the inlet side valve chamber (37) communicates with the second connection port (34) to seat and separate the second valve body (39); and (b7) an outlet side valve. A third valve seat that communicates the chamber (42) with the first connection port (33) and seats and separates the third valve body (43); (b8) an outlet-side valve chamber (42) and a second connection port (34), and the fourth valve seat (46), in which the fourth valve element (45) is seated and separated, and (b9) the first and second valve rods (47, 48) are driven in conjunction with each other. A driving means (89), wherein the first valve body (35) is separated from the first valve seat (36);
The valve body (39) is seated on the second valve seat (40), the third valve body (43) is seated on the third valve seat (44), and the fourth valve body (4).
5) is a first operation mode (W1) in which the first valve body (35) is separated from the fourth valve seat (46); the first valve body (35) is seated on the first valve seat (36); The third valve body (43) is separated from the third valve seat (44), and is separated from the second valve seat (40).
5) The second mode (W2) in which the fourth valve seat (46) is seated.
From the first operation mode (W1) to the second operation mode (W2) or from the second operation mode (W2) to the first
When switching to the operation mode (W1), the first to fourth valve bodies (35, 39, 43, 45) are moved from the first to fourth valve seats (36, 40, 44, 46) for a predetermined time. And a driving means (89) comprising a third operating mode (W3) seated on each of the four-way switching valves. 8. The first and second valve seats (36, 40)
The first and second valve bodies (35, 39) face the inlet-side valve chamber (37).
7), a first valve stem (47) and a first valve stem (4).
7) a first spring (49) which is provided so as to be mutually displaceable in the axial direction, and applies a spring force in a direction away from each other to the first and second valve bodies (35, 39); (35) is a first stopper (50) for limiting displacement in a direction away from the second valve body (39), and the second valve body (39) is for displacement in a direction away from the first valve body (35). The restricting second stopper (51) and the third and fourth valve seats (44, 46) are connected to the outlet valve chamber (4).
The third and fourth valve bodies (43, 45) face the outlet side valve chamber (4).
2), a second valve stem (48) and a second valve stem (4).
8) a second spring (52) which is provided so as to be mutually displaceable in the axial direction, and applies a spring force in a direction away from each other to the third and fourth valve bodies (43, 45); (43) a third stopper (53) for limiting displacement in a direction away from the fourth valve body (45), and a fourth valve body (45) for displacement in the direction away from the third valve body (43). A fourth stopper (54) for restricting the first to fourth stoppers (50, 51, 53, 54) during the third operation mode (W3).
9, 43, 49).
8. The four-way switching valve according to claim 7, wherein the four-way switching valve is arranged on a valve stem (47, 48). 9. A driving means (89) is connected to each end of the first and second valve stems (47, 48), and a part between the ends is provided so as to be angularly displaceable to a fixed position. 9. The four-way switching valve according to claim 7, further comprising a lever (58, 60) to be driven, and a drive source (55) for reciprocatingly driving the lever (58, 60).