JP2001323590A - Floor construction for drainage - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To rapidly and reliably drain water in a floor construction wherein water is likely to stagnate. SOLUTION: The floor construction constituting the indoor floor surface of a building and having a draining function is a floor slab 10 having a flat surface 12 and made of concrete, a drain ditch 20a recessed in the flat surface 12 and having a slope in a longitudinal direction, a drain inlet disposed on the downstream side of the drain ditch 20a, mortar balls 30 scattering in the positions except the drainage ditch 20a on the surface of the floor slab 10, a floor substrate material 40 disposed through the mortar balls 30 with clearance created between the floor slab 10 and the material 40, and a floor covering material 50 disposed on the surface of the material 40. Drainage water flows between the floor slab 10 and the material 40 to enter the drain ditch 20a and flows into the drain inlet in accordance with the slope of the drain ditch 20a.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drainage floor structure, and more particularly, to drainage of water accumulated in a basement of a building due to springing or seepage of groundwater, leakage of plumbing equipment, infiltration of rainwater, and the like. It is intended for floor structures that have the function of

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, basements have been provided in small buildings such as general houses. The floor structure of such a basement has a drainage problem. In the basement, spring water is generated, groundwater in the ground penetrates, rainwater flows down the outer wall, a large amount of dew condensation is generated on the inner wall, and plumbing equipment installed in the basement Water may accumulate on the floor due to water leakage from the floor. In a basement below the ground surface, natural drainage can hardly be expected, so water tends to remain on the floor.

[0003] In the floor structure of a general building, flooring or tatami mats, such as flooring and tatami mats, are placed on a floor slab on which a concrete or mortar is cast via a heat insulating material, a cushioning material, and other base materials. Floor finish is applied. The water that has accumulated on the floor surface as described above causes deterioration or corrosion of the floor covering material or the floor finishing material, promotes the generation of mold, and impairs the living environment. Various techniques for solving the problem of drainage in a basement have been proposed. JP 1
Japanese Patent Publication No. 0-18316 discloses a technique in which a drainage groove is formed in the bottom of a foamed resin plate serving as a floor base material. Water accumulated between the floor covering material and the floor slab flows through the space of the drainage ditch and is collected, and is drained using a drainage channel and a drainage pump communicating with the drainage ditch. Flooring materials having such drainage channels are marketed by building material manufacturers.

[0004]

In the above-mentioned prior art, since the floor base material having the drainage groove is arranged on the surface of the flat floor slab, water must flow along the surface of the floor slab along the drainage groove. Must. However, on a flat floor slab surface, it is not guaranteed that water will flow reliably and quickly in the direction in which the drainage channels and drainage pumps are installed. If a large amount of water is present on the surface of the floor slab, water flows to drainage channels lower than the floor slab due to head pressure even on a flat floor slab surface, but water is present on the surface of the floor slab with a relatively thin thickness Just do it and you can't expect water to flow quickly.

[0005] Furthermore, even if the surface of the floor slab is finished flat, if there is an error in the construction, or if there is a contraction deformation or uneven settlement of the concrete after the construction, the surface of the floor slab is slightly inclined. May be created. Even with a slight slope, the water above it flows according to the slope. If this inclination is in the opposite direction to the drainage channel or drainage pump, the drainage will be delayed. If there is a part that is lower than the surroundings,
Drainage remains and stays out. An object of the present invention is to enable drainage in a floor structure to be performed quickly and reliably.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A drainage floor structure according to the present invention is a floor structure that constitutes an indoor floor surface of a building and has a drainage function, and a floor slab made of concrete and having a flat surface, and a floor. Drainage grooves recessed into the flat surface of the slab and having a gradient in the length direction, drainage holes arranged downstream of the drainage grooves, and mortar dumplings scattered at positions except for the drainage grooves on the surface of the floor slab And a floor covering material arranged with a gap between the floor slab and the mortar dumpling, and a floor finishing material disposed on the surface of the floor covering material. [Indoor Floor of Building] The present invention is applied to an indoor floor of a general house or other ordinary building. As the basic structure of the floor, a structure similar to that of a normal building can be adopted.

[0007] The planar shape and dimensions of the floor are set according to the purpose of use of the indoor space and the required functions. As the planar shape of the floor surface, a rectangular or other polygon, a partially deformed polygon, a circular or other curved surface, or the like can be adopted. As an indoor floor, it can be applied to the floor of the first floor or the second floor or more, but it is effective to apply it to the floor of a basement where drainage tends to be difficult. [Floor slab] The foundation of the floor structure. The concrete is cast into a relatively thick flat plate. The surface is formed flat. Floor slabs can be constructed by on-site construction, or floor slabs of a certain size, such as rectangles, are manufactured in advance at factories, etc., and then installed on a construction site and then connected to each other or filled with gaps. Thus, it is possible to construct a floor slab in which the whole is integrated.

[0008] Reinforcing bars are arranged at required places on the floor slab. A drainage pit for storing drainage can be provided below the floor slab. [Drainage groove] A recess is formed in the flat surface of the floor slab. The surface of the floor slab formed by casting concrete can be recessed by processing means such as cutting, but usually,
After the concrete is cast, a drainage groove can be formed by pressing a mold material corresponding to the shape of the drainage groove on the surface of the concrete in a fluid state. Wood, synthetic resin material, metal material and the like can be used as the mold material. As the cross-sectional shape of the mold member, a shape that facilitates formation of a drainage groove and has excellent functions as a drainage groove is preferable. Specifically, a rectangle, a semicircle, a U-shape, a trapezoid, a triangle, and the like can be adopted. The cross-sectional shape of this mold member defines the cross-sectional shape of the drain groove.

[0009] The size of the drainage ditch can be set according to the expected amount of drainage. Generally, the depth of the drainage ditch is 1 to 20
cm and width can be set in the range of 1 to 15 cm. Of course, depending on the floor structure, it can be set outside the above range. The dimensions of the drains may be the same over the entire surface of the floor slab, or they may be partially different. A step may be provided in the drain. The drain ditch is provided with a gradient in which the height changes from one side to the other in the length direction. The entire shape of the drain may have a gradient, or only the bottom surface of the drain may have a gradient. The amount of gradient is set to such an extent that drainage flows smoothly inside the drainage ditch. Specifically, the gradient can be set in the range of 1/200 to 1/50. Of course, depending on the floor structure, it can be set outside the above range. The gradient may be the same throughout the drainage ditch, or the gradient may be different depending on the location. If there is no significant effect on the flow of drainage, there may be a part of the drainage ditch without any gradient. In the case where the drain is formed by pressing the mold onto the concrete surface in the above-mentioned fluidized state, the slope corresponding to the inclination of the mold can be formed on the drain by pressing the mold against the concrete surface with the mold slightly inclined.

With respect to the planar shape of the floor slab, the drain is
It is arranged so that a place where water to be drained is likely to be generated or accumulated and an outlet for finally discharging the water are connected. In addition, it is provided in a place where a mortar dumpling described later is not arranged. A specific example of an arrangement pattern of drainage grooves is shown. A plurality of parallel grooves which are arranged in parallel at intervals and have a gradient in the same direction, and a connecting groove connecting the plurality of parallel grooves downstream of the plurality of parallel grooves can be combined. A drain outlet is placed in the connecting groove. The parallel grooves are preferably arranged along the long side of the floor slab.

[0011] A groove near the wall can be arranged along the wall where water is likely to be generated on the indoor floor surface. In addition, since the water accumulated on the surface of the floor slab moves from the normal center to the wall, the wall groove is effective for collecting such water. In the case of a floor near the indoor floor, if a support structure for floor base material or floor finish material is installed on the floor slab,
Drainage grooves may be provided along the support structure at the center of the floor slab rather than such a support structure. [Drainage port] The drainage port receives drainage flowing through the drainage ditch and sends it to drainage facilities such as external drainage channels, drainage pits, and drainage pumps.

[0012] The drainage port is arranged downstream of the drainage ditch.
The drain port may be provided at only one place or may be provided at a plurality of places with respect to the drain groove of the entire floor slab. The drain port is normally opened upward at the bottom of the drain groove, but may be opened laterally at the lower side of the drain groove. The arrangement structure of the drainage equipment connected to the drainage outlet may be the same as the drainage equipment in an ordinary building or underground structure. The drainage pit for storing drainage can be directly connected directly below the drainage port, etc., or a drainage pit is installed at a location away from the drainage port and connected to the drainage port with a drainage pipe You can also. The drainage pit can be located outside the building. Drain pits can be provided in the dry area located adjacent to the building.

[Mortar dumpling] The mortar dumpling supports and bonds the floor base material to be installed on the floor slab. Also, a gap for drainage to flow is provided on the surface of the floor slab. The same material or construction method as the mortar dumpling used for ordinary construction or civil engineering is adopted. Basically, it is a mixture of cement and water or gravel. It is applied in a state of having fluidity and is hardened after the application, so that the bonding force is exhibited and the mechanical strength is also generated. The arrangement intervals and dimensions of the mortar dumplings can be set in accordance with the material and shape dimensions of the floor base material arranged above. Usually, they are arranged on the surface of the floor slab at equal intervals vertically and horizontally in a shape such as a plane circle. The plane shape may be set to an elliptical shape, an oval shape, a band shape, or the like.

The arrangement pattern of the mortar dumplings can be variously changed in consideration of the flow of drainage on the surface of the floor slab. The mortar dumpling is provided at a position other than the drainage ditch so as not to block the drainage ditch. The height of the mortar dumpling determines the distance between the floor slab and the floor substrate, that is, the height of the space through which drainage flows on the surface of the floor slab. The height of the mortar dumpling in the state where the floor base material is constructed is 0.5 to 10 cm
Can be set in the range. The arrangement interval, that is, the pitch, of the mortar dumplings can be set in the range of 5 to 30 cm. Of course, depending on the floor structure, it can be set outside the above range.

[Base material for floor] A space between the floor slab and the mortar dumpling is provided to support the floor finishing material and to provide the floor with functions such as heat insulation, cushioning, and sound insulation. Can also. As a material of the floor base material, a material of the floor base material in ordinary construction such as a synthetic resin foam board, a glass wool board, a plywood, a wood fiber board, and an inorganic material board can be used. The floor base material may be configured by combining a plurality of materials. Usually, it is not necessary to form a drain groove in the lower surface of the floor base material. However, in addition to the drainage space between the floor slab and the floor base material provided by the mortar dumplings, it is also possible to further form drainage grooves in the lower surface of the floor base material to further improve drainage. is there.

[Floor finishing material] The surface of the indoor floor surface is constituted,
It is arranged on the surface of the flooring material. Floor finishing materials used in normal construction can be used. For example, a wooden flooring material, a tile, a carpet, a tatami, and the like can be given. The flooring material can be supported by the flooring material, or a support structure different from the flooring material can be used. For example, a joist made of wood, steel, or the like may be disposed on the floor slab separately from the floor base material, and the joist may support the floor finish material. Particularly, near the wall of the indoor floor, a joist can be used in order to favorably support the floor finishing material.

The edge joist is placed along the wall on the floor slab, and the floor finishing material is fixed by joining means such as nails, bolts, and adhesives. Mortar dumplings can also be placed between the joist and the floor slab. In addition, in the case where the joist is provided, the drain groove of the floor slab is not provided near the wall where the joist is present. In the case where a drainage groove, that is, a wall groove is present near the wall of the floor slab, the joist material can be arranged adjacent to the wall groove and closer to the center of the floor slab than the wall groove.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is a drainage floor structure in a basement. As shown in FIG.
Is below the superstructure U that constitutes the first floor or more of the building,
It is constructed in a state embedded below the ground E on the ground surface. The basement S is composed of a floor slab 10 and a side wall 14 constituting a bottom surface.
And constitute a rectangular parallelepiped space. Floor slab 10
And the side wall 14 is a normal concrete structure. A dry area D whose upper end is open to the surface of the ground is provided beside the basement S. The dry area D is effective for improving ventilation and lighting to the basement S.

The surface 12 of the floor slab 10 is formed flat. As shown in FIG. 2, three parallel drainage grooves, that is, parallel grooves 20 a extending in the long side direction of the basement S are formed in the flat surface 12. As shown in FIG. 1, the bottom surface of each parallel groove 20a is provided with a gradient that becomes lower in the direction of the arrow from left to right in the figure. At the downstream end of each parallel groove 20a, along a short side of the floor slab 10, a drain groove or a connecting groove 2 connecting each parallel groove 20a is provided.
0b is provided. A drain port 22 is provided in the middle of the connection groove 20b. Both ends of the connection groove 20b are high,
There is a gradient in which the position of the drain port 22 becomes lower.

The width of the parallel groove 20a and the connecting groove 20b is
For example, it is set to 60 mm, and the depth is set to about 0 cm at the shallowest part and about 5 cm at the deepest part. The gradient is about 1
/ 100 is set. The drain port 22 is opened to a side wall of a drain pit 26 installed at the bottom of the dry area D via a drain channel 24 penetrating the inside of the floor slab 10. Although not shown, the drainage pit 26 is provided with drainage equipment such as a drainage pump. Drain 20 as described above
Mortar dumplings 30 are arranged on the surface of floor slab 10 on which a and 20b are formed. As shown in FIG. 2, the mortar dumplings 30 have a substantially circular planar shape and are arranged at equal intervals in front, rear, left and right. The mortar dumplings 30 are not provided on the drain grooves 20a and 20b.

As shown in FIG. 1, a floor base material 40 and a floor finishing material 50 are provided above the mortar dumpling 30 to form the floor of the basement S. The floor covering material 40 and the floor finishing material 50 constructed on the flat surface 12 of the floor slab 10 via the mortar dumpling 30 are naturally constructed in a flat state. As shown in detail in FIG. 3, the floor base material 40 is made of a synthetic resin foam plate, and has a stepped joint structure at a side end to connect with each other. Floor material 4
The lower surface of O is flat and is joined to the flat surface 12 of the floor slab 10 via a mortar dumpling 30. Floor material 4
A portion where the mortar dumpling 30 does not exist between the zero and the flat surface 12 of the floor slab 10 becomes a drainage space. Floor material 4
The distance between the lower surface of the floor slab 10 and the flat surface 12 of the floor slab 10 (that is, the height of the mortar dumpling 30) is set to 20 mm.

On the upper surface of the floor covering material 40, a wooden crosspiece 42 is provided.
Is embedded. The floor finishing material 50 such as a wooden flooring material to be constructed on the floor base material 40 is a floor finish material 4.
The nail 52 is driven into the crosspiece 42 of No. 0 and fixed. Also,
An adhesive 44 may be applied between the floor covering material 40 and the floor finishing material 50 to be joined. Further, at the wall near the floor slab 10 and the side wall 14, the parallel groove 20a is arranged along the wall. The floor slab 10 and the floor finishing material 50 are located on the center side of the parallel groove 20a and adjacent to the parallel groove 20a.
Between them, a joist material 60 is arranged. Edge joist 6
Numeral 0 is made of wood or the like, and is installed between the floor slab 10 and the mortar dumpling 30, and the floor finishing material 50 is fixed with nails 52. Since the joist material 60 has higher rigidity and higher strength than the floor material 40 made of a synthetic resin foam plate, the floor finish material 50 can be firmly supported and fixed.

In the above-described floor structure, dew condensation water generated on the inner surface of the side wall 14, groundwater and rainwater that have permeated the ground into the side wall 14 accumulate on the flat surface 12 of the floor slab 10.
As shown in FIG. 2, the water accumulated on the flat surface 12 flows through the gap between the floor slab 10 and the floor substrate 40 between the mortar dumplings 30 and into nearby drains 20 a and 20 b. Since the drainage grooves 20a and 20b always exist around the flat surface 12, a large amount of water does not remain.
Further, the water transmitted through the side wall 14 is directly drained by the drainage groove 20 near the wall.
a, 20b. The drainage that has flowed into the drainage grooves 20a and 20b flows according to the gradient of the drainage grooves 20a and 20b, flows in the direction of the arrow in FIG.

As a result, water does not remain on the floor slab 10, and a dry state can always be maintained. It is possible to prevent the floor base material 40 and the floor finish material 50 from absorbing water and impairing the function, and it is possible to maintain a favorable living environment of the basement S. In addition, since the floor base material 40 and the floor finish material 50 can be constructed in a horizontal state on the flat surface 12 of the floor slab 10 via the mortar dumpling 30 irrespective of the gradient of the drainage grooves 20a and 20b,
Construction is easy and the construction finish is good. [Another Embodiment] The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 has the same basic structure as the embodiment of FIG.
And the drainage groove 20a are different in arrangement structure.

That is, near the wall where the floor slab 10 and the side wall 14 are adjacent to each other, a thick joist material 60 is laid on the flat surface 12 of the floor slab 10 via the mortar dumpling 30, and a floor finish material 50 is placed thereon. Has been fixed. Drain 20a
Is located on the center side of the floor slab 10 adjacent to the joist material 60. In this embodiment, the edge of the floor finishing material 50 near the wall is strongly supported by the edge joist 60, so that even when a load such as vibration or impact is applied, the floor finishing material 50 squeaks or the edge ends. Problems such as floating are less likely to occur. Since the drainage groove 20a is located immediately on the side of the joist material 60, water transmitted from the side wall 14 and water generated at the wall can be immediately collected in the drainage groove 20a, and a sufficient drainage function can be exhibited. Can be.

[Arrangement Pattern of Drainage Groove] FIG. 5 shows a specific example of the arrangement pattern of the drainage grooves. Each is represented by the planar shape of the floor slab 10. The arrows in the figure indicate the flow of the drainage and also indicate the direction of the gradient (lower in the direction of the arrow) provided in the drainage ditch. In FIG. 5A, in addition to the arrangement pattern of the embodiment of FIG.
Upstream of the parallel drain 20, along the short side, the drain 20
Is arranged. Drainage 2 at all walls
0 can be received. In FIG. 5 (b), three parallel drains 20 are provided independently, and each drain 2
A drain port 22 is provided at the downstream end of the zero.

In FIG. 5C, drainage grooves 20 are provided along the four peripheral walls of the floor slab 10. In FIG. 5 (d),
In the longitudinal direction of the floor slab 10, a drain groove 20 for connecting three parallel drain grooves 20 is provided. Fig. 5 (e)
Here, the diagonal drain grooves 20 are combined. Drainage grooves 20 obliquely from left and right side ends are connected to the drainage grooves 20 along the longitudinal center line of the floor slab 10.

[0028]

According to the drainage floor structure of the present invention, the water generated in the floor structure can be efficiently drained to the drainage port through the drainage groove formed in the floor slab and having a slope. Since the surface of the floor slab is flat, there is no hindrance to constructing the floor base material and the floor finishing material on the floor slab through the mortar dumpling in a horizontal state. Since a gap is formed between the floor base material and the floor slab by the mortar dumpling, even if water is present on the surface of the floor slab, the water immediately flows into the drainage ditch through the gap. As a result, drainage can be quickly and reliably performed even in a floor structure such as a basement where drainage tends to be difficult. In addition, since there is no hindrance to the construction of the floor surface such as a floor base material or a floor finishing material, the design and functionality of the floor surface are not impaired.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention and showing a floor structure of a basement.

FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of the preceding figure.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a floor structure.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of a floor structure showing another embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an arrangement pattern of drainage grooves.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Floor slab 12 Flat surface 14 Side wall 20, 20a, 20b Drainage groove 22 Drain port 26 Drain pit 30 Mortar dumpling 40 Floor base material 50 Floor finishing material S Basement E Ground D Dry area U Upper structure

Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2D047 AA10 2E001 DA02 EA01 FA21 FA29 GA01 GA12 HA01 HC01 HD01 LA04 LA12

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A floor structure comprising an indoor floor surface of a building and having a drainage function, comprising a floor slab made of concrete and having a flat surface, and a lengthwise direction recessed into the flat surface of the floor slab. A drain having a slope, a drain disposed downstream of the drain, a mortar dumpling scattered at a position other than the drain on the surface of the floor slab, and a floor slab via the mortar dumpling. And a floor finishing material disposed on the surface of the floor substrate, with a gap between the floor substrate and the drain floor structure. 2. The drainage groove connects a plurality of parallel grooves which are arranged in parallel at intervals and has a gradient in the same direction, and a plurality of parallel grooves downstream of the plurality of parallel grooves. The drain floor structure according to claim 1, further comprising a connection groove in which the drain port is disposed. 3. The drain groove has a wall groove arranged along the wall of the floor slab, and the floor finishing material is located closer to the center of the floor slab than the wall groove and adjacent to the wall groove. The drainage floor structure according to claim 1, wherein the drainage floor structure is supported on a floor slab via a joist. 4. The floor slab according to claim 1, wherein a part of the drainage groove is arranged along the wall of the floor slab and is arranged on the center side of the floor slab adjacent to the joist when supporting the floor finishing material. The drainage floor structure according to the above. 5. The drainage floor structure according to claim 1, wherein the drainage port communicates with a drainage pit disposed outside the building. 6. The drainage floor structure according to claim 1, wherein said floor base material is a synthetic resin foam board.