JP2001323285A - Injector unit for coal hydrogenation gasifier and method for operating the injector unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an improved injector unit to be used in a coal hydrogenation gasifier intended to directly produce a hydrocarbon-based gas by hydrogenating coal with high-temperature hydrogen. SOLUTION: This injector unit has such a scheme that a pulverized coal feed nozzle 4 is mounted at the center of the tip panel board 2 of a pressure vessel 3, and a plurality of hydrogen/oxygen burners 50 are detachably set up concentrically about the pulverized coal feed nozzle 4 so as to enable a high-temperature gas from the burner nozzle ports to collide with pulverized coal from the feed nozzle 4.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an injector device for a coal hydrogenation gasifier and its operation, which is used to directly produce hydrocarbon-based gas such as methane by gasifying coal with hydrogen under high temperature and pressure. About the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a technology for producing high-efficiency and environmentally-friendly alternative natural gas (hydrocarbon-based gas) from coal, which has abundant reserves and a relatively stable price, it uses coal as a technology. A technology for directly producing a hydrocarbon gas such as methane by gasification with hydrogen under high temperature and pressure is known as a coal hydrogenation gasification technology. For example, JP-A-52-1
No. 42703 discloses, as shown in FIG. 7, an upper plate 156, a bottom injector plate 160, and a central pulverized coal nozzle 154 which carries dense pulverized pulverized coal supported at the center thereof. An injector device 152 is described.

In this injector device 152, the inner surface 157 of the plate 156 and the injector plate 16
The inner surface 158 of the annular space 162 defines an annular chamber 162, and the annular chamber 162 has a preheater 139 as shown in FIG.
Inside the heating coil 143,
Hydrogen heated to a temperature range of 500-1800 ° F. is introduced through conduit 164. Injector plate 160
Has four orifices 1 at equal intervals around the injector
66 are opened, and each orifice 166 makes an impact angle of about 30 degrees with respect to the center line of the pulverized coal nozzle 154. The high-temperature hydrogen spouted from each of the orifices 166 collides with the pulverized coal spouted from the pulverized coal nozzle 154 on the downstream side of the injector surface, and the mixing of the pulverized coal and the high-temperature hydrogen proceeds, and gasification of the coal proceeds.

[0004] A coal hydrogenation gasifier equipped with such an injector device 152 is formed as a pressure vessel as a whole, though not shown in its entirety. When driving
Depending on the target end product (eg methane)
Since the optimum operating temperature in the furnace is different, the orifice 16
The temperature of the hot hydrogen supplied from 6 to the reaction chamber also depends on the end product to be obtained.

[0005]

As an injector device of a coal hydrogenation gasifier, a so-called four-on-one type injector device employed in the field of the above-mentioned rocket engine is effective in principle. Even so, there are many points to be improved in terms of structure or operating conditions when considering actual operation.

For example, a pulverized coal nozzle 154 and four high-temperature hydrogen jetting orifices 1
66 is integrally assembled, heat from the hydrogen jetting orifice 166 is transmitted to the pulverized coal nozzle 154 to cause fusion of the pulverized coal by heat, and the pulverized coal nozzle 154 may be blocked. There is. Further, the heat resistance and durability as a whole are not sufficient.
Therefore, when operating for a long time, it is necessary to assemble some kind of cooling structure.

[0007] Further, due to its structure, when the pulverized coal nozzle 154 is closed as described above, or when any damage is caused to the device, it is necessary to remove and repair the entire injector device, which is large. Work is required. Also, when the scale is increased, a large weight increase is accompanied. Further, during operation, it is not easy to adjust the temperature of the high-temperature hydrogen supplied into the reaction chamber so that an optimum operation temperature in the furnace according to a target final product is obtained.

The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and has as its object to be structurally stable and simple so that it can be used for a long time as a real machine, maintenance is easy, It is another object of the present invention to provide an improved injector for a coal hydrogenation gasifier that does not involve an excessive increase in weight during scale-up. Another object is that during the operation, pulverized coal or char is hardly aggregated (agglomerated), and it is possible to constantly and stably cause commercial high-temperature hydrogen to collide with the pulverized coal. An object of the present invention is to provide an injector device of a coal hydrogenation gasifier capable of directly producing hydrocarbons such as methane with high efficiency by gasifying coal. Yet another object is to provide an improved method of operating a coal hydrogenation gasifier comprising an injector device as described above.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an injector device of a coal hydrogenation gasifier according to the present invention basically comprises an axial center line of the pressure vessel at a center of one end of the pressure vessel. A pulverized coal supply nozzle having a spouting direction is attached, and a plurality of hydrogen / oxygen burners are provided on a concentric circle centered on the pulverized coal supply nozzle at the end of the pulverized coal supply nozzle. It is characterized in that it is detachably attached so as to be able to collide with pulverized coal from a coal supply nozzle.

In the injector device having the above-described structure, a pulverized coal supply nozzle is mounted at the center of one end of the pressure vessel, for example, which is a head plate, and a plurality of hydrogen / oxygen burners are arranged around the nozzle. Very stable,
In addition, since it is difficult for the heat of the hydrogen / oxygen burner to transfer heat to the pulverized coal supply nozzle, it is possible to sufficiently withstand long-time continuous operation. Also, high-temperature hydrogen is obtained directly by burning the hydrogen / oxygen burner, and simplifies the entire configuration because no additional heating means is required. Furthermore, by appropriately setting the combustion conditions of the individual hydrogen / oxygen burners, high-temperature hydrogen at a predetermined temperature can be easily, reliably and constantly obtained.

Further, a hydrogen / oxygen burner and, if necessary, a pulverized coal supply nozzle are detachably attached to the tip of the pressure vessel.
Each oxygen burner can be removed together with the pulverized coal supply nozzle in some cases, facilitating maintenance work of the equipment. Further, when the operation is performed using pulverized coal having different types and particle diameters, it is possible to easily replace the burner with an appropriate hydrogen / oxygen burner so that high-temperature hydrogen having a temperature and a flow rate optimal for the condition can be supplied. Even in the case where the hydrogen / oxygen burner has failed, only the failed hydrogen / oxygen burner can be easily replaced. In addition, since high-temperature hydrogen is supplied from independent hydrogen and oxygen burners, accurate flow control can be performed for each burner, and there is the advantage that abnormal flow can be detected for each burner. is there.

The number of the hydrogen / oxygen burners installed and the inclination angle of each hydrogen / oxygen burner with respect to the pulverized coal supply nozzle may vary depending on the operating environment of the coal hydrogenation gasifier equipped with the injector device according to the present invention. The most suitable number or value may be determined, but as in the case of a four-on-one type injector device employed in the field of rocket engines, a plurality of concentrically centered pulverized coal supply nozzles are used. (Approximately four) is still a preferred embodiment.

The hydrogen / oxygen burner used for the injector device of the coal hydrogenation gasifier according to the present invention is optional, provided that a desired high-temperature hydrogen is obtained by combustion, but is preferably located at the tip surface of the burner. An oxygen jetting hole, and a preferably annular hydrogen jetting hole formed concentrically around the axis of the jet of oxygen from the oxygen jetting hole, wherein the oxygen jetting and hydrogen jetting from the oxygen jetting hole are provided. The hydrogen jet from the jet hole is designed so that hydrogen is partially mixed and diffused in front of the burner tip surface to partially burn hydrogen, thereby obtaining high-temperature hydrogen.

In a preferred embodiment of the hydrogen / oxygen burner, the supply amount of oxygen to hydrogen is controlled so that the supply amount of oxygen to hydrogen can be adjusted to easily change the temperature of hydrogen after partial combustion. Is provided. As described above, in the coal hydrogenation gasifier, the optimal operating temperature in the furnace differs depending on the target end product,
Correspondingly, it is desired that high-temperature hydrogen at different temperatures can be supplied into the coal hydrogenation gasifier from the hydrogen / oxygen burner, but by using the hydrogen / oxygen burner, high-temperature hydrogen at the required temperature can be easily produced. And can be fed into the furnace.

In the hydrogen / oxygen burner, the diffusion-mixed mixture may be ignited by an external ignition means such as a separately provided heated metal or discharge spark ignition means, or by self-ignition of high-temperature hydrogen. You may. In the latter case, it is desirable to provide a preheating means for preheating at least hydrogen in a temperature region where hydrogen can be self-ignited by oxygen. The preheating means is optional, but may be an electric furnace, a combustion furnace, or the like. The hydrogen is heated to a required temperature (for example, about 700 ° C.) by passing through the furnace. In addition, since the self-ignition temperature of hydrogen changes depending on the initial temperature and the molar ratio of hydrogen and oxygen, the environmental pressure, and the like, preheating is performed to an appropriate temperature according to the operating environment of the coal hydrogenation gasifier. .

The mode of jetting the oxygen jet from the oxygen jet and the hydrogen jet from the hydrogen jet is optional, provided that the oxygen jet and the hydrogen jet can be in a diffusion mixed state ahead of the burner tip surface. Yes, it may be a parallel flow, or a cross jet in which a hydrogen jet and an oxygen jet collide at an angle ahead of the burner tip surface. In the former case, there is a merit that the machining of the burner tip portion is facilitated.

On the other hand, in a coal hydrogenation gasifier,
Collision of the pulverized coal stream with high-temperature oxygen must be avoided because of the danger of burning the pulverized coal stream, but for this purpose, the supplied oxygen must be completely consumed within the shortest possible distance after being ejected from the burner tip. desired. In this sense, it is a preferable embodiment to design the nozzle tip of the nozzle tip so that the hydrogen jet and the oxygen jet collide with each other at a predetermined angle and mix first.

According to the experiments performed by the present inventors, the oxygen jet from the oxygen jet and the hydrogen jet from the hydrogen jet collide at an angle of about 30 to 45 degrees in front of the burner tip surface. It has been confirmed that setting the inclination angle of the hydrogen ejection hole is the most preferable mode.
If the collision angle between the oxygen jet and the hydrogen jet is set to an angle larger than 45 degrees, the burner may be damaged too much due to the workability of the burner, and the combustion position may be too close to the burner tip to cause thermal damage to the burner. Is not preferred because of shortening

In the gasification of coal by the addition of high-temperature hydrogen using a coal hydrogenation gasifier equipped with an injector device as described above, the ratio of the flow rate of high-temperature hydrogen to the mass flow rate of pulverized coal is a constant value. Sometimes it is said that high efficiency is obtained. In order to continue stable operation, it is a condition that pulverized coal or char, which is a substance after the reaction, does not aggregate when pulverized coal and hydrogen are mixed,
In order to prevent agglomeration, it is necessary that both are uniformly mixed immediately after mixing. Therefore, the present inventors conducted experiments by changing various factors predicted to affect the mixing in order to find an operation method of the coal hydrogenation gasifier that satisfies the conditions. As a result, it has been found that the momentum ratio between high-temperature hydrogen and pulverized coal and the carrier gas has a large effect on uniform mixing.

Therefore, the operation method of the coal hydrogenation gasifier according to the present invention is characterized in that the flow rate of high-temperature hydrogen injected from each of the hydrogen / oxygen burners and the flow rate of pulverized coal and pulverized coal carrier gas from the pulverized coal supply nozzle are determined. Is operated such that the momentum ratio becomes a required value under the condition that the mass flow ratio is constant. Here, the value of the optimal momentum ratio is a value that changes according to the dimensions of the actual machine and the like, and is set according to the actual machine by calculation or through operation of the actual machine.

In the operation of the coal hydrogenation gasifier, the optimum operating temperature in the furnace varies depending on the final product to be produced. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the supply amount of oxygen to hydrogen in the hydrogen / oxygen burner is appropriately controlled so as to obtain high-temperature hydrogen at a desired temperature capable of obtaining the optimum operation temperature in the furnace, thereby obtaining the desired temperature. , And the coal hydrogenation gasifier is operated so as to supply the high-temperature hydrogen into the reactor.

[0022]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of an injector device of a coal hydrogenation gasifier according to the present invention and a hydrogen / oxygen burner attached to the injector device will be described, together with the operation method thereof and the knowledge obtained through experiments. Will be explained.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view for explaining a main part of an injector device A according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a view of the injector device A as viewed from above. However, in FIG. 2, a pulverized coal supply nozzle 4 and a hydrogen / oxygen burner 50 described later in FIG. 1 are removed. As shown in the drawing, the injector device A includes a cylindrical tubular body 1 that defines a part of the reaction chamber S, and a substantially semi-spherical end plate 2 that closes an upper end thereof. The flanges 1a, 2a formed on both opposing ends are integrated by screwing them together to form the pressure vessel 3 as a whole. Also,
The lower end of the end plate 2 is closed by a disk 2b.

An opening is formed at the center of the ceiling of the end plate 2,
A pulverized coal supply nozzle 4 whose ejection direction is in the direction of the central axis L of the pressure vessel 3 is attached to the opening along the same axis. The tip of the pulverized coal supply nozzle 4 reaches a disk 2b arranged at the lower end of the head plate 2, where it communicates with the reaction chamber S. A gasket 7 is disposed between the opening of the end plate 2 and the flanges 6 and 6 ′ to fasten and fix the pulverized coal supply nozzle 4 to secure airtightness between the opening and the pulverized coal supply nozzle 4. are doing.

Four openings 11 are formed at equal intervals on a concentric circle of the end plate 2 about the central axis of the pulverized coal supply nozzle 4, and a cylindrical flange 12 is formed in each opening 11. It is integrally fixed by means such as wearing. Each cylindrical flange 12 is inclined so that its central axis LL intersects the central axis L of the pressure vessel 3 (that is, the central axis of the pulverized coal supply nozzle 4) at a required angle. It is provided. The upper end surface 13 of the cylindrical flange 12 is a flat surface orthogonal to the center axis LL. This angle is based on the collision angle between pulverized coal supply and high-temperature hydrogen in the conventional injector device as shown in FIG.

A hydrogen / oxygen burner 50 is detachably attached to each of the cylindrical flanges 12. The hydrogen / oxygen burner 50 includes a nozzle tip 60, a cylindrical body 80 fixed to the back side of the nozzle tip 60,
A closing plate 81 for closing the rear end of the cylindrical body 80 is provided. As shown in detail in FIGS. 3 and 4, the nozzle tip portion 60 includes a nozzle tip portion 61 and a base portion 71 having a diameter gradually increased and welded to a rear end thereof. The mounting flange 8 is attached to the cylindrical body 80 in a direction orthogonal to its axis.
2 (FIG. 1) is fixed in an airtight state, and the mounting flange 82 is fixed on the flat distal end surface 13 of the cylindrical flange 12 by means of screws or the like, so that the hydrogen / oxygen burner 50 is 2 and a central axis of the pulverized coal supply nozzle 4 and 30 to 4
It is attached so as to be inclined at an angle of about 5 degrees. In this example, four hydrogen / oxygen burners 50 are attached such that their nozzle tips 60 are located concentrically around the pulverized coal supply nozzle 4 and at the same inclination angle. The high-temperature hydrogen from the nozzle of the hydrogen / oxygen burner 50 is supplied to the pulverized coal from
The collision is made at an angle of about 45 degrees.

The interior space of the end plate 2 is filled with a heat insulating material 2c to further reliably prevent heat from the injection port of the hydrogen / oxygen burner 50 from being transmitted to the pulverized coal supply nozzle 4. In addition to preventing thermal coalescence of the pulverized coal at the tip of the charcoal supply nozzle 4, it also prevents the temperature of the high-temperature hydrogen flowing in the hydrogen / oxygen burner 50 from decreasing. A heat insulating material 1b is also attached to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 1 to keep the temperature inside the reaction chamber S constant.

The nozzle tip 61 has a central axis LL.
An oxygen gas ejection flow path 62 penetrating therethrough is provided. The oxygen gas ejection channel 62 includes an oxygen gas ejection nozzle 63 and an oxygen gas channel 64 having a slightly larger diameter and continuing upstream of the oxygen gas ejection nozzle 63. Further, a cylindrical hydrogen flow path 65 is formed around the oxygen gas flow path 64, and at the bottom of the front end of the hydrogen flow path 65, slightly outside the opening position of the front end of the oxygen gas ejection nozzle 63. A plurality of second hydrogen flow paths 66 are formed at an inclination angle at which the opening can be located. The plurality of second hydrogen flow paths 66
Of the cone-shaped hydrogen jetting nozzle 67 is connected to the cone-shaped hydrogen jetting nozzle 67.
The tip of 7 is an annular ejection port 68 that surrounds the opening of the tip of the oxygen gas ejection nozzle 63. In this example, the oxygen gas ejection nozzle 63 and the hydrogen ejection nozzle 67
Is 30 to 45 degrees. The second hydrogen flow path 6 is omitted by omitting the cone-shaped hydrogen ejection nozzle 67.
6 may be directly extended to the tip of the nozzle, where it may be opened as a jet port. Further, although not shown, the hydrogen ejection nozzle 67 (or the second hydrogen flow path 66) is positioned parallel to the oxygen gas ejection nozzle 63, and formed so that the ejection flows from both nozzles are parallel. Is also good.

A plurality of first through paths 72 communicating with the hydrogen flow path 65 and a second through path 73 communicating with the oxygen gas flow path 62 are formed in the base portion 71. ,
The upstream open end position 74 of the first through passage 72 and the upstream open end position 75 of the second through hole 73 are preferably located on opposite sides of the center axis LL. .
The upstream end of the first through hole 72 and the upstream open end 75 of the second through hole 73 in the base portion 71 hermetically surround the open end of each through hole. Thus, the first conduit 76 and the second conduit 77 are welded. The first conduit 76 and the second conduit 77 extend upstream along the cylindrical body 80, penetrate the closing plate 81 in a sealed state, and protrude outward.

As shown in FIG. 1, the portion where the first conduit 76 projects outside beyond the closing plate 81 is covered with a cover tube 84 with a bellows 83 interposed in the middle. A heat insulating material is inserted between the one conduit 76 and the covering tube 84 to prevent cooling of the preheated and sent hydrogen when necessary. If the expansion and contraction due to heat is small, the bellows 83 may be omitted. The first conduit 7
6 is connected to a pressurized hydrogen source (not shown) and the second conduit 77 is connected to a pressurized oxygen source (not shown). Then, oxygen and, if necessary, hydrogen preheated to a required temperature (about 700 ° C. or higher) by a preheating means (not shown) are sent to the hydrogen / oxygen burner 50. In some cases, oxygen may be preheated.

Oxygen and hydrogen, preferably preheated to about 700 ° C. or higher, are jetted from the tip of the nozzle, abut against the front of the nozzle and diffusely mixed, and the hydrogen self-ignites with oxygen to partially burn. At this time, the amount of oxygen with respect to hydrogen is adjusted by a flow rate adjusting means (not shown) so that high-temperature hydrogen having a required temperature can be obtained and oxygen to be supplied is consumed immediately after self-ignition. . The flow control means may be like a flow control valve. Thereby, the hydrogen easily rises to the required temperature. The burner may be ignited not by self-ignition but by an external igniting means such as a separately prepared heated metal or a discharge spark igniting means.

In the above-described injector of the coal hydrogenation gasifier, pulverized coal is ejected from the pulverized coal supply nozzle 4 while burning the hydrogen / oxygen burner 50. Thereby, the high-temperature hydrogen heated to a required temperature from the burner nozzle collides with the pulverized coal from the pulverized coal supply nozzle 4 and can directly produce a hydrocarbon-based gas such as methane.

In the case where high-temperature hydrogen is added to pulverized coal to directly produce a hydrocarbon gas such as methane, in order to maintain stable operation, both of the pulverized coal and high-temperature hydrogen must be uniformly mixed at the time of mixing. It is necessary that the pulverized coal does not aggregate (agglomerate). Thus, the present inventors conducted preliminary experiments by using a test model and changing various factors predicted to affect mixing.
As a result, it was found that the momentum ratio (momentum ratio) between high-temperature hydrogen and pulverized coal significantly affects the homogenization of mixing as compared with other factors. This will be described below.

FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams of an experimental apparatus used for the test model.
(Diameter d), one end of which is closed by the end plate 2A. A first nozzle 4A corresponding to a pulverized coal supply nozzle is attached to the center of the end plate 2A so as to have the same axis as the center axis L1 of the cylindrical body 1A. Further, hydrogen / hydrogen is placed on a concentric circle having a diameter D centered on the first nozzle 4A.
Four second nozzles 4B corresponding to the jet nozzles of the oxygen burner are provided at equal intervals, and the central axis line LL1 is provided.
Is inclined so as to intersect with the center axis L1 of the cylindrical body 1A (that is, the center axis of the first nozzle 4A) at a required angle. A flow meter 5A and a flow control valve 5B are attached to each nozzle, and the flow rate of the fluid passing through each nozzle can be adjusted.

First, a test was conducted by simulating a mixture of pulverized coal and hydrogen with a mixture of gas and gas (air and air mixed with a tracer). As described above, it is known that high efficiency is obtained when the flow rate of high-temperature hydrogen and the mass flow rate of pulverized coal are constant (about 0.2). Of hydrogen gas side air flow q2
And the mass flow ratio (q2 / q1) of the coal-side air flow rate q1 from the first nozzle 4A to about 0.2.

Under these conditions, as shown in Table 1, cases 1 to 5 in which parameters were changed were tested.
In the reference case (case 1), the reactor diameter d =
d, distance D = D between the second nozzles 4B, second nozzle 4
The focal length of B (distance from the nozzle tip to the center axis L1) is Da = D, the momentum ratio (momentum ratio) between the coal side air and the hydrogen gas side air is Mc = Mc, and the first nozzle 4A is The diameter t1 and the diameter t2 of the second nozzle 4B were set.

In case 2, the reactor diameter d was changed to 0.7d. In case 3, the distance D between the second nozzles 4B
(That is, the focal length Da of the second nozzle 4B) is set to 1.
Changed to 4D (1.4 Da). In Case 4, the momentum ratio (momentum ratio) Mc was changed to 2.0 Mc by setting the diameter t2 of the second nozzle 4B to about 0.7 × t2. In case 5, the diameter t2 of the second nozzle 4B
Was set to about 1.4 × t2, thereby changing the momentum ratio (momentum ratio) Mc to 0.5 Mc.

[0038]

[Table 1]

In each case, a comb-shaped sampling tube having a plurality of sampling portions in the diameter direction is inserted at a distance of L, 2L, 2.8L downstream from the lower surface of the end plate 2A to change the distribution state of the tracer. The mixed concentration distribution of both air was measured on the base. As a result, case 1 which is the reference case
In the case where the reactor diameter d is changed as compared with the mixed concentration distribution at (Case 2), and the distance D between the second nozzles 4B
In any of the cases where the (focal length Da of the second nozzle 4B) was changed (case 3), no significant difference was observed in the mixed concentration distribution mode. However, when the momentum ratio (momentum ratio) Mc was changed to 0.5 Mc (case 5), the mixed concentration distribution mode was significantly different from the case 1 and a significant difference was observed. When the momentum ratio (momentum ratio) Mc was changed to 2.0 Mc (Case 4), the mixed concentration distribution mode also showed a significant difference from the case of Case 1, but the degree of the difference was much higher than in Case 5. Was small. From the above, it can be seen that in the injector device used in the coal hydrogenation gasifier having the configuration as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the momentum ratio (momentum ratio) Mc has the greatest influence on the mixing property. .

Next, based on the above test results, the first
The nozzle 2A side is an actual coal jet, and the second nozzle 4
The B side performs the same test as an air jet, and measures the coal concentration distribution in the same way on the downstream side,
The presence / absence of a significant difference due to the influence of solids from the gas / gas system test was confirmed and evaluated. As a result, no significant difference due to the effect of the solid was observed, and the variation in the mixture concentration distribution due to the difference in the momentum ratio (momentum ratio) between the coal jet and the air jet was qualitatively the same as in the gas / gas system. The distribution was shown.

[0041]

In the injector device of the coal hydrogenation gasifier according to the present invention, the hydrogen / oxygen burner and the pulverized coal supply nozzle are separately attached to the tip of the pressure vessel. The heat transfer to the supply nozzle can be reduced, and the thermal coalescence of the pulverized coal at the tip of the pulverized coal supply nozzle can be effectively prevented. As a result, the coal hydrogenation gasifier can be operated continuously for a long time in a stable state, and the durability of the device is improved. Further, since high-temperature hydrogen can be directly obtained by burning the hydrogen / oxygen burner, the overall configuration is simplified. Further, by appropriately setting the combustion conditions of the individual hydrogen / oxygen burners, high-temperature hydrogen at a desired temperature can be obtained easily, reliably and constantly.

Since the hydrogen / oxygen burner and the pulverized coal supply nozzle are detachably attached to the tip of the pressure vessel,
During maintenance, individual hydrogen / oxygen burners and pulverized coal supply nozzles can be removed, facilitating maintenance work. Further, when the operation is performed using pulverized coal having different types and particle diameters, it is possible to easily replace the burner with an appropriate hydrogen / oxygen burner so that high-temperature hydrogen having a temperature and a flow rate optimal for the condition can be supplied.

Even in the case where the hydrogen / oxygen burner has failed, it is possible to easily replace only the failed hydrogen / oxygen burner. In addition, each independent hydrogen
Since high-temperature hydrogen is supplied from the oxygen burner, accurate flow control for each burner is possible,
The occurrence of abnormal flow can be detected for each burner. In addition, the gasification of coal proceeds with high efficiency by the operation method of the coal hydrogenation gasifier according to the present invention. In addition, it is possible to easily establish an optimum operation state according to the final product.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a main part of an injector device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view of the injector device of FIG. 1 as viewed from above. However, the pulverized coal supply nozzle and the hydrogen / oxygen burner have been removed.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a nozzle tip of a hydrogen / oxygen burner.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a cross section for explaining a nozzle tip of a hydrogen / oxygen burner.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an experimental apparatus used for a test model.

FIG. 6 is a view for explaining main parts of the experimental apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a conventional four-on-one type injector device.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a hydrogen heating device used in the injector device shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

A: Injector part of coal hydrogenation gasifier, S ...
Reaction chamber, 1 ... cylinder, 2 ... head plate, 3 ... pressure vessel, 4 ... pulverized coal supply nozzle, 50 ... hydrogen / oxygen burner, 60 ... nozzle tip, 61 ... nozzle tip, 62 ... oxygen gas ejection flow path , 63 ... oxygen gas ejection nozzle, 65 ... hydrogen flow path, 67
… Hydrogen jet nozzle, 68… annular hydrogen jet

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A pulverized coal supply nozzle whose ejection direction is in the direction of the central axis of the pressure vessel is detachably attached to the center of one end of the pressure vessel, with the pulverized coal supply nozzle at the end being centered. A plurality of hydrogen / oxygen burners are detachably mounted on the concentric circle so that high-temperature hydrogen from the burner nozzle can collide with pulverized coal from the pulverized coal supply nozzle. Injector for coal hydrogenation gasifier. 2. The hydrogen / oxygen burner includes an oxygen outlet located at a tip end face of the burner, and a hydrogen outlet arranged concentrically about an axis of a jet of oxygen from the oxygen outlet. The oxygen jet from the oxygen jet and the hydrogen jet from the hydrogen jet are designed to diffuse and mix in front of the burner tip to partially burn the hydrogen, thereby obtaining high-temperature hydrogen. The injector of claim 1, wherein the burner is a hydrogen / oxygen burner. 3. The hydrogen / oxygen burner controls the supply amount of oxygen to hydrogen so that high temperature hydrogen heated to a required temperature is obtained by partial combustion of hydrogen in the mixing region. The injector device for a coal hydrogenation gasifier according to claim 2, wherein the injector device is an oxygen burner. 4. The hydrogen / oxygen burner as set forth in claim 2, wherein said hydrogen / oxygen burner is a hydrogen / oxygen burner in which said diffusion-mixed mixture is burned by self-ignition of hydrogen with oxygen. Injector device for coal hydrogenation gasifier. 5. The hydrogen / oxygen burner is characterized in that the oxygen jet from the oxygen jet and the hydrogen jet from the hydrogen jet are arranged such that the hydrogen jet is approximately 30 5. The injector for a coal hydrogenation gasifier according to claim 2, wherein the injector is a hydrogen / oxygen burner adapted to collide at an angle of up to 45 degrees. 6. A method for operating a coal hydrogenation gasifier equipped with the injector device according to claim 1, wherein a flow rate of high-temperature hydrogen discharged from each hydrogen / oxygen burner and a pulverized coal supply nozzle are provided. And the jet flow rate of pulverized coal and pulverized coal carrier gas, the mass flow rate ratio under a constant condition, the momentum ratio becomes a required value, the operation of the coal hydrogenation gasifier characterized in that it is operated how to drive. 7. A method for operating a coal hydrogenation gasifier provided with the injector device according to claim 3, wherein the in-furnace operation is performed in accordance with a final product to be generated by the coal hydrogenation gasifier. A method for operating a coal hydrogenation gasifier, comprising operating a hydrogen / oxygen burner by appropriately controlling the supply amount of oxygen to hydrogen so as to obtain high-temperature hydrogen at a desired temperature capable of obtaining a temperature.