JP2001320833A - Photovoltaic power generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a photovoltaic power generator which does not trip a breaker, even if snow melting work in a winter time is performed. SOLUTION: The photovoltaic power generator 20 is fitted with an interrupting means 40 which interrupts the flow of current from a commercial power source to a solar battery panel 21, before the sum value of currents flowing into a load 7 inside a building and into the solar panel 21 from the commercial power source exceeds a specified current value. As the result of this, current is caused to flow into the panel 21 automatically when demand is a little, since the flow of current to the panel 21 is interrupted by the interrupting means 40, even if current is caused to flow into the panel 21 to melt snow. Excessive current does not flow in the breaker 22 in the case of usual load demand, and the breaker 22 does not trip, even if snow melting operation is executed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation apparatus that converts sunlight into electric power and uses it for a load in a building, and also heats solar cell panels with electric power supplied from a commercial power supply to melt snow. About.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a photovoltaic power generator that converts sunlight into electric power and uses it for a load in a building has been used. If such a photovoltaic power generator is provided, the load of the building can be driven by the power generated by the photovoltaic power generator.
The capacity of the breaker can be reduced according to the contract with the power company, and the power rate can be reduced. On the other hand, as a photovoltaic power generation device, there is a photovoltaic power generation device that heats a solar cell panel by supplying electric power from an external power supply in order to melt a solar cell panel provided on a roof (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-173215). ). In such a photovoltaic power generation device, when power is supplied from a commercial power source in a manner similar to the load in a building when performing snow melting, snow melting can be reliably performed during snowfall with little solar radiation or at night without solar radiation.

[0003]

In the above-described photovoltaic power generator, when snow is melted in winter, power is supplied from a commercial power supply in the same manner as a load in a building. If the snow is melted while using the general load described above, there is a problem that an excessive current flows through the breaker and the breaker trips.

An object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic power generator in which a breaker does not trip even when snow melting work is performed in winter.

[0005]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A photovoltaic power generator according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The photovoltaic power generator converts sunlight into electric power to be used for a load 7 in a building 1 and supplied from a commercial power supply. A solar power generation device 20 that heats a solar panel 21 with applied power to melt snow, comprising a breaker 22 that cuts off power supply from the commercial power supply, and a current that flows from the commercial power supply to the load 7 in the building 1. Before the total value of the current flowing from the commercial power supply to the solar cell panel 21 exceeds the predetermined current value, and a breaking means 40 for breaking the flow of current from the commercial power supply to the solar cell panel 21. Features. In the present invention, the solar cell panel 21 is heated by the electric power supplied from the commercial power source to melt the snow on the roof 4 of the building 1. Here, even if power is supplied from the commercial power supply to the solar cell panel 21 for melting snow, the building 1 is not supplied from the commercial power supply.
Before the current flowing to the load 7 and the solar cell panel 21 in the inside exceeds the predetermined current value, the current flow to the solar cell panel 21 is cut off by the cutoff means 40. Power is automatically supplied when the power demand is small, so that no excessive current flows through the breaker 22 under normal load demand, and the breaker 22 does not trip even when snow melting is performed. For this reason,
Even if the snow melting work in winter is performed in a state where the breaking current value of the breaker 22 from the commercial power supply is reduced by introducing the photovoltaic power generation device 20, the breaker 22 will not frequently trip, and the breaker 22 Each time a temporary power failure occurs due to a trip, the clock of electric equipment used in ordinary households such as a digital display clock and a VCR is not reset, and the trouble of resetting the clock is eliminated.

In the above, it is preferable that the electric power generated by the solar cell panel 21 can flow back to the commercial power supply, and the cutoff means 40 is provided with a measuring means for measuring a current. In this way, the current flowing through the breaker 22 can be measured by the measuring means, and the snow melting operation is reliably stopped before the breaker 22 trips. As a result, an excessive current does not flow through the breaker 22, so that the trip of the breaker 22 can be reliably suppressed.

It is desirable to have a power storage means 32 for storing power. Here, the power generated by the solar cell panel 21 is preferentially stored in the power storage means 32,
If the power is supplied to the general load 7 after the battery 32 is fully charged, the power stored in the power storage means 32 can be supplied to the load 7 in the building 1 even in an emergency such as a power outage. The load 7 can be driven continuously.

Further, a power control means 30 for controlling power in the building 1 is provided. The power control means 30 includes a power converter 31 for converting DC power to AC power, and a power converter for converting power from the commercial power supply. It is desirable that a power storage means 32 for storing is provided. By doing so, the power storage means 32
Can always be fully charged using the electric power from the commercial power source, so even if the rainy day is long and the solar radiation is not enough,
The electric power stored in 32 is supplied to the load 7 in the building 1, and the load 7 can be continuously operated in an emergency such as a power outage.
Also, if the power storage means 32 is charged with late-night power, which has a low power usage fee, the power usage fee can be reduced even when a commercial power source is used.

The power control means 30 includes a wind power generation means 10 for converting wind power to power, a fuel cell power generation means for directly extracting power from fuel, and a combustion energy for converting energy generated by burning fuel to power. It is desirable to supply power to the solar cell panel from at least one of power generation means. In this manner, without using a commercial power supply, it is possible to melt the snow by supplying power to the solar panel 21 during snowfall, preventing snow on the solar panel 21 from occurring, and eventually, changing the weather from snowfall to fine weather. Photovoltaic power generation can be performed from the unusual moment, and commercial power will not be consumed due to the melting of snow on the roof 4. In addition, when there is solar radiation, photovoltaic power generation can be performed all around, and the operating rate of the photovoltaic power generator 20 And the power usage fee can be reduced. In addition, since power is supplied from the power generation means to the solar cell panel 21 and power is not supplied from the commercial power supply to the solar cell panel 21, the breaker 22 does not trip.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a building 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The building 1 includes a building body 3 formed on a foundation 2 and a roof 4 formed on the building body 3. The building 1 includes a wind power generation means 10 for converting wind power to electric power, a solar power generation device 20 for converting sunlight to electric power, a power receiving panel 5 supplied with AC power from a commercial power supply, and a power receiving panel 5. A distribution board 6 to be connected and a plurality of electric devices 7 as loads to which AC power is supplied from the distribution board 6 are provided.

The wind power generation means 10 is arranged on the premises of the building 1. The wind power generation means 10 is provided with a base 11 and a power generation unit 12 attached to the base 11.
The power generation unit 12 generates power by rotating the propeller unit 13 by receiving wind. The DC power generated by the power generation unit 12 is passed through electric wires to a solar cell panel 21 described later.
Supplied to The power receiving panel 5 is connected to the secondary side of these watt-hour meters, and a power purchase meter 5A for measuring the power supplied from the commercial power source and a power selling meter 5B for measuring the power transmitted to the commercial power source side. And a breaker 5C.
The plurality of electric devices 7 include a refrigerator, a washing machine, a television receiver,
It includes a lighting fixture, an air conditioner, and the like, and operates with AC power supplied from the distribution board 6.

The solar power generation device 20 converts sunlight into electric power and uses it for a plurality of electric devices 7 of the building 1, and a plurality of solar cell panels provided on a roof surface by electric power supplied from a commercial power supply. Heating 21 melts snow. As shown in FIG. 2, the photovoltaic power generation device 20 includes a breaker 22 that cuts off power supply from a commercial power supply, and a terminal box 23 that collects power generated by the solar cell panel 21 and absorbs surge. Power control means 30 for controlling power in the building 1;
Before the total value of the current flowing to the solar cell panel 21 from the commercial power supply and the current flowing to the solar cell panel 21 exceeds a predetermined current value, the interruption means 40 for interrupting the current flow from the commercial power supply to the solar cell panel 21 is provided. Have been.

The breaker 22 is a breaker 5C of the power receiving panel 5.
Is connected to The transmission path 24 connecting these breakers 5C and 22 includes a transmission path 24A extending from the breaker 22 to the plurality of electric devices 7 and a transmission path 2 extending to the solar cell panel 21.
It branches into two of 4B. Power control means 30 is an inverter which is a power converter for converting DC power to AC power.
31, a battery 32 which is a power storage means for storing power from the solar cell panel 21 and a commercial power supply, and a changeover switch 41. The battery 32 stores the electric power generated by the solar cell panel 21 preferentially. After the battery 32 is fully charged, power is supplied to the plurality of electric devices 7. The power supply from the commercial power supply to the battery 32 is performed with late-night power at a low power usage fee. The changeover switch 41 switches between a power transmission path 41A for supplying electric power from the commercial power supply to the solar cell panel 21 and a power transmission path 41B passing through the inverter 31 to reverse the power generated by the solar cell panel 21 to the commercial power supply. It is.

The shut-off means 40 includes a current i1 flowing from the commercial power supply to the plurality of electric equipments 7 and a solar cell panel 21 from the commercial power supply.
And current transformers 33A and 33B as measuring means for measuring the current i2 flowing to the power supply. In addition, current transformer 33
A and 33B are installed between the breaker 22 and the plurality of electric devices 7 and between the breaker 22 and the inverter 31, respectively. The breaking means 40 is configured to include the above-described changeover switch 41, and in addition to the changeover switch 41, the above-described current transformer
33A, 33B, and an adder 42 for adding a current value flowing from the commercial power supply to the plurality of electric devices 7 and a current value flowing from the commercial power supply to the solar cell panel 21, and a current value added by the adder 42. A comparator 43 for comparing the breaking current value of the breaker 22 with the breaking current value, and a regulator 44 for adjusting the current flow according to the magnitude of the current value compared by the comparator 43 are provided. When the adder 42, the comparator 43, and the controller 44 determine that the total value of the currents flowing to the plurality of electric devices 7 and the solar cell panel 21 is larger than the breaking current value of the breaker 22, the connection of the changeover switch 41 is established. Is cut off from the power transmission path 41A that supplies power to the solar cell panel 21.

According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. That is, even if power is supplied from the commercial power supply to the solar cell panel 21 for melting snow, before the current flowing from the commercial power supply to the plurality of electric devices 7 and the solar cell panel 21 exceeds the breaking current value of the breaker 22, Since the flow of current to the solar cell panel 21 is cut off by the cut-off means 40, the solar cell panel 212 allows current to flow when the power demand is small, and the normal electric equipment 7 When electric power is demanded, an excessive current does not flow through the breaker 22, and the breaker 22 does not trip even when snow melting is performed. For this reason, even if the snow melting work in winter is performed with the breaking current value of the breaker 22
In addition to the frequent tripping of the circuit breaker 22, each time a temporary power failure occurs due to the trip of the breaker 22, the clock of the electronic equipment used in ordinary households such as a digital display clock and a VCR is not reset, The trouble of re-setting the settings can be eliminated.

Further, since the current transformers 33A and 33B are provided in the cutoff means 40, the current flowing through the breaker 22 can be measured, and the snow melting operation can be reliably stopped before the breaker 22 trips. As a result, an excessive current does not flow through the breaker 22, so that the trip of the breaker 22 can be reliably suppressed.

Further, a battery 32 is provided in the power control means 30 so that the power generated by the solar cell panel 21 is preferentially stored in the battery 32 and supplied to the plurality of electric devices 7 after the battery 32 is fully charged. Therefore, the power stored in the battery 32 can be supplied to the electric equipment 7 even in an emergency such as a power failure, and
Can be driven continuously.

Further, since the battery 32 can always be fully charged by using the electric power from the commercial power supply, even if the rainy day is long and the solar radiation of the sun is not sufficiently obtained, the power failure can be caused. If this is the case, the electric power stored in the battery 32 is supplied to the plurality of electric devices 7, so that the necessary continuous operation of the electric devices 7 can be performed in an emergency such as a power outage. In addition, since the battery 32 is charged with late-night power, which is inexpensive, the power consumption can be reduced even when a commercial power supply is used.

Since the wind power generation means 10 for supplying electric power to the solar cell panel 21 is provided, without using a commercial power supply,
Power can be supplied to the solar panel 21 during snowfall to melt snow,
It is possible to prevent snow accumulation on the solar panel 21 beforehand, and finally, it becomes possible to perform solar power generation from the moment when the weather changes from snowfall to fine weather, and because the roof 4 melts snow, commercial power is not consumed. When there is solar radiation, solar power generation can be performed all around, the operation rate of the solar power generation device 20 can be improved, and power usage fees can be reduced. Moreover, wind power generation means 10
, Power is supplied to the solar cell panel 21 and power is not supplied from the commercial power supply to the solar cell panel 21, so that the breaker 22 does not trip.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but includes other configurations that can achieve the object of the present invention, and also includes the following modifications.
That is, the power control means is not limited to one having the inverter 31, but as shown in FIG.
And a converter 34. At this time, it is desirable that converter 34 be provided on the side where reverse power flows from solar cell panel 21 to commercial power. The changeover switch is a changeover push button switch 45,
Desirably, they are provided between the terminal 31 and the converter 34 and the terminal box 23, and between the inverter 31 and the converter 34 and the connection point of the inverter 31 and the converter 34, respectively. Furthermore, the power generation means for supplying power to the solar cell panel is not limited to wind power generation means, and a fuel cell power generation means for directly extracting power from fuel and a fuel energy generation means for converting energy generated by burning fuel into electric power. It may be a means.

[0021]

According to the photovoltaic power generator of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. That is, according to the photovoltaic power generator of the first aspect, the solar cell panel is heated by the electric power supplied from the commercial power supply to perform snow melting on the roof of the building. Here, even if electric power is supplied from the commercial power supply to the solar cell panel for melting snow, before the current flowing from the commercial power supply to the load in the building and the current flowing to the solar cell panel exceeds a predetermined current, the power supply to the solar cell panel is performed. Since the power supply was cut off by the cut-off means, the solar cell panel was automatically supplied with power when the power demand was small, and an excessive current was supplied to the breaker under normal load demand. No break, no breaker trips when snow melts. For this reason, even if the breaker current from the commercial power source is reduced by introducing a photovoltaic power generator and the snow melting work is performed in winter, the breaker will not frequently trip, and the breaker will not trip. , The clock of electric equipment used in ordinary households such as a digital display clock and a VCR is not reset every time a temporary power failure occurs, and the trouble of resetting the clock can be eliminated.

Further, according to the photovoltaic power generator according to the second aspect, the current flowing through the breaker can be measured by the measuring means, and the snow melting operation is reliably stopped before the breaker trips. As a result, an excessive current does not flow through the breaker, so that the trip of the breaker can be reliably suppressed.

Further, according to the photovoltaic power generator of the third aspect, the electric power generated by the solar cell panel is preferentially stored in the power storage means, and after the power storage means is fully charged, the power is supplied to a general load. If the power is supplied, the power stored in the power storage means can be supplied to the load in the building even in an emergency such as a power failure, and the load can be continuously driven without a momentary power failure.

According to the photovoltaic power generator of the fourth aspect, the power storage means can always be in a fully charged state by using the electric power from the commercial power supply. Even if solar radiation is not sufficiently obtained for a long time, if a power failure occurs, the power stored in the power storage means is supplied to the load in the building, and the load required in an emergency such as a power failure can be continuously operated. In addition, if the power storage means is charged with late-night power, which has a low power usage fee, the power usage fee can be reduced even when a commercial power supply is used.

Further, according to the photovoltaic power generator according to the fifth aspect, it is possible to melt the snow by supplying power to the solar cell panel during snowfall without using a commercial power supply, and the snow on the solar cell panel is prevented from being accumulated. Solar power can be generated from the moment the weather changes from snowfall to clear weather, commercial power will not be consumed due to snow melting on the roof, and solar power will generally be generated when there is solar radiation. Done,
The operating rate of the photovoltaic power generator can be improved, and the power usage fee can be reduced. In addition, since power is supplied to the solar cell panel from each power generation means, and power is not supplied from the commercial power supply to the solar cell panel, the breaker does not trip.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit of the photovoltaic power generator according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a modification of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Building 10 Wind power generation means 20 Photovoltaic power generator 21 Solar panel 22 Breaker 30 Power control means 31 Inverter which is power converter 32 Battery which is power storage means 33A, 33B Current transformer which is measurement means 40 Interruption means

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A solar power generation apparatus for converting sunlight into electric power and using it for a load in a building, and heating a solar cell panel with electric power supplied from a commercial power supply to melt snow. A breaker that cuts off the power supply from the power supply,
Blocking means for blocking the flow of current from the commercial power supply to the solar panel before the sum of the current flowing from the commercial power supply to the load in the building and the current flowing from the commercial power supply to the solar panel exceeds a predetermined current value A photovoltaic power generation device comprising: 2. The photovoltaic power generator according to claim 1, wherein the electric power generated by said solar cell panel can be back-flowed to said commercial power supply, and said cut-off means has a measuring means for measuring a current. A photovoltaic power generator characterized by being provided. 3. The photovoltaic power generator according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a power storage means for storing electric power. 4. The photovoltaic power generator according to claim 1, further comprising power control means for controlling power in said building, wherein said power control means converts DC power to AC power. And a power storage means for storing power from the commercial power supply. 5. The photovoltaic power generator according to claim 4, wherein said power control means includes a wind power generation means for converting wind power into electric power, a fuel cell power generation means for directly extracting electric power from fuel, and a fuel. A photovoltaic power generator, wherein power is supplied to the solar cell panel from at least one of combustion energy power generation means for converting generated energy into electric power.