JP2001317728A - Waste incinerating system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a closed type waste incinerating system that is suitable for the use at home and individual offices and suppresses the discharge of harmful wastes to an environment. SOLUTION: The waste incinerating system comprises a combustion furnace 10 accommodating and burning an object to be burned, an exhaust passage 12 for taking out the exhaust gas from the combustion furnace 10, blowers 14 and 16 causing the flow of the exhaust gas inside the exhaust passage 12, water sprinkling means 18 and 20 installed in the exhaust passage to cool down the exhaust gas by sprinkling water to the exhaust gas and a filter 22 through which the cooled exhaust gas is passed and which adsorbs the harmful component in the exhaust gas.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a closed type waste incineration system suitable for a small incinerator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, laws and regulations have been established to avoid the use of small incinerators in order to suppress dioxin emissions. In addition, dioxins are often generated when materials made of vinyl chloride-based compounds are incinerated, and incineration of materials that do not contain vinyl chloride-based compounds is small, but is incinerated in small incinerators. In the case of, black smoke is likely to be emitted due to incomplete combustion, and the generation of black smoke is annoying to neighboring homes and businesses. For this reason, it has been recommended by the government to avoid incineration of waste in homes and businesses. Therefore, the mainstream is to collect waste from households and businesses by using a public waste collection network, transport it to a large incinerator operated by a local government, and incinerate it there. It has become.

[0003]

The public collection network has a limited collection date and cannot be collected every day. Therefore, in a business where a relatively large amount of waste is generated, a large amount of waste must be disposed of by the collection date. It was often the case that things were accumulated and it was difficult to organize. Accordingly, there has recently been a strong demand for a small incineration system suitable for domestic use or for use in individual business establishments, which can suppress the generation of harmful substances such as dioxin to a reference level.

[0004] The present invention has been made in view of such disadvantages of the prior art, and is suitable for use in homes and individual business establishments, and can suppress the discharge of harmful waste to the environment. To provide a possible waste incineration system.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided a combustion furnace for accommodating and burning an object to be burned, an exhaust passage for extracting exhaust gas from the combustion furnace, and an exhaust gas in the exhaust passage. And a water spraying means installed in the exhaust passage to cool the exhaust gas by spraying water on the exhaust gas, and the cooled exhaust gas is inserted to remove harmful components in the exhaust gas. A waste incineration system characterized by comprising a filter to be adsorbed.

Explaining the operation and effect of the present invention, the exhaust gas formed as a result of combustion in the combustion furnace flows through the exhaust passage by the blower, and is cooled by being sprayed with water by the water spraying means. Dust components remaining in the exhaust gas are removed by dissolving the acid gas in water to be sprayed, and harmful components remaining in the exhaust gas can be finally adsorbed in the filter. In this invention, the exhaust gas resulting from the combustion of the waste is sprayed and filtered without being discharged as it is,
Both harmful components of relatively large particles such as dust and harmful components in the form of fine particles can be captured without being discharged to the outside.
Therefore, it is possible to incinerate substantially black smoke-free waste.

In the present invention, the combustion furnace includes a tubular combustion vessel made of a refractory material for containing and burning the incinerated material, and an air passage for introducing combustion air into the combustion vessel. The air passage is provided with a large number of openings provided in the internal space of the cylindrical combustion vessel and spaced apart in the height direction of the cylindrical combustion vessel. By providing a large number of openings spaced apart in the height direction of the cylindrical combustion vessel in the internal space of the cylindrical combustion vessel, air can be distributed throughout the internal space of the combustion vessel, and the combustion furnace Since the combustion of waste in the interior can be completed, the combustion temperature increases, which is effective in suppressing the generation of dioxins and the like.

[0008] In the present invention, a plurality of groups spaced apart in the height direction are arranged at intervals in the internal space of the combustion vessel. By providing a plurality of groups including a plurality of openings separated in the height direction, it is possible to efficiently distribute air to each part of the combustion furnace. Each group is installed on one pipe constituting the air passage, so that the configuration can be simplified.

In the present invention, the water spraying means comprises a cylindrical container installed in an exhaust passage, a water spray nozzle provided at an upper part in a space inside the container, and a water pressure pump connected to the water spray nozzle. The water from the water pressure pump is injected into the exhaust gas from the water spray nozzle under pressure.
Spraying water under pressure has the effect of efficiently separating particulate components such as dust from exhaust gas.
In addition, the temperature of the exhaust gas is reduced by the water spray, and the durability of the filter can be improved.

[0010] In the present invention, a plurality of units can be arranged in series on the exhaust passage of the water spraying means. By disposing the water spraying means in multiple stages, it is possible to increase the efficiency of removing dust and oxidizing gas in the exhaust gas by spraying water, and to further cool the filter.

According to the present invention, there can be provided an exhaust gas flow bending means for bending the flow of the exhaust gas without causing the flow of the exhaust gas to flow in the flow path of the exhaust gas which receives the spraying of the water from the water spraying means. . Due to the bending of the flow of the exhaust gas, the contact area of the sprinkled water with the exhaust gas is increased, and the efficiency of removing dust and the like can be increased.

[0012] In the present invention, the exhaust gas flow bending means can be constituted by steel chips, whereby the structure of the exhaust gas flow bending means can be simplified.

In the present invention, the filter includes a cylindrical container connected to an exhaust passage, and a filter unit disposed in the filter. The filter unit includes an air-permeable cylindrical inner shell and a cylindrical outer shell. The space between the shell and the shell is filled with activated carbon. The contact area between the exhaust gas and the active end layer can be increased by providing a packing layer made of activated carbon as an adsorbent between the air-permeable cylindrical inner shell and the cylindrical outer shell. The trapping efficiency of the fine particle component can be improved.

In the present invention, the exhaust gas can be introduced into the activated carbon layer from the outer peripheral side and taken out in the axial direction from the central portion, whereby the exhaust gas introduced into the filter can be activated carbon under a large contact area. Contacted with the layer,
The efficiency of trapping harmful components in the exhaust gas can be increased.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a waste incineration system according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an overall view of an incineration system.
Basically, a combustion furnace 10 for containing and burning a substance to be burned, an exhaust passage 12 for extracting exhaust gas from the combustion furnace 10, and a blower for causing a flow of exhaust gas in the exhaust passage 12 14, 16 and water spray devices 18 and 20 installed in the exhaust passage to cool the exhaust gas by spraying water on the exhaust gas, and the cooled exhaust gas is inserted to remove harmful components in the exhaust gas. And a filter 22 to be adsorbed.

FIG. 2 shows a detailed structure of the combustion furnace 10. The combustion furnace 10 is a cylindrical combustion vessel 2 made of a refractory material (for example, stainless steel) for storing and burning the incineration material.
4 The container 24 is provided at its upper end with an opening 24-1 for charging waste and at its lower end with an opening 24-2 for removing incinerated ash. The upper lid 26 has a handle 26-1, and is attached to an upper outer wall of the combustion container 24 by a hinge 28, so that the opening 24-1 for charging waste can be opened and closed. Further, the lower lid 30 has a handle 30-1, and the hinge 32 is used to operate the combustion vessel 2.
Attached to the lower outer wall of No. 4 for opening the incineration ash
24-2 can be opened and closed.

Next, a supply system for introducing combustion air into the incinerator 10 will be described. The air supply passage 34 is connected at one end to a combustion air supply blower 36.
The other end 34 ′ opens into the internal cavity of the combustion vessel 24 near its lower end. Further, the air supply passage 34 is also connected to an annular pipe 40 provided slightly above a roster 38 provided near the bottom of the internal cavity of the container 24. Four air supply pipes 42 stand upright from the annular pipe 40 along the inner periphery of the combustion vessel 24, and the upper ends extend to near the upper end of the internal cavity of the combustion vessel 24. The air supply pipe 42 has air supply holes 44 at intervals in its length direction. The air supply hole 44 functions to supply air from the outer peripheral side to the waste put into the combustion container, and the air supply hole 44 functions to supply air to the periphery of the combustion container 24 as shown by an arrow a in FIG. A flow of air along the surface is induced over the entire height, and the combustion air is distributed to the waste introduced into the internal cavity of the combustion vessel 24 regardless of its height and circumferential position. The combustion efficiency can be increased, and a high combustion temperature can be maintained.

As shown in FIG. 2, a cylindrical punching plate 46 made of stainless steel or the like is disposed slightly inside the upright air supply pipe 42. The punching plate 46 is formed so as to have an extremely coarse eye so that the passage of air from the air supply hole 44 of the air supply pipe 42 does not cause any resistance, and the punching plate 46 is put inside the punching plate 46. It is possible to supply sufficient combustion air to the waste.

As shown in FIG. 3, a pipe 48 is provided so as to connect the annular pipe 42 in the chord direction, and an upright pipe 50 stands upright from the pipe 48 near the center of the internal cavity of the combustion vessel 24. The upper end of 50 extends to the middle part in the height direction of the internal cavity of the combustion vessel 24. The upright pipe 50 has an air supply hole 52 from which combustion air is introduced toward the center of the waste put in the combustion vessel 24 and also burns inside the waste in the radial direction. Since an air flow is generated, even when waste is packed, a sufficient amount of combustion air can be distributed even in the central portion, and combustion efficiency can be improved.

In FIG. 2, a water jacket 53 is provided along the inner periphery of the combustion vessel 24 so that warm water from the water jacket 53 can be taken out.

Next, a description will be given of a sprinkling treatment system according to the present invention for smokeless treatment of exhaust gas generated as a result of combustion of waste in the combustion furnace 10. The blower 14 has a rotating shaft connected to a motor 54. When the blower 14 is rotated by the motor 54, the exhaust gas from the combustion furnace 10 is sucked and introduced into the water spraying device 18. The water spraying device 18 includes a cylindrical metal container 56 and a watering nozzle 58 provided near an upper portion of the internal cavity of the container 56. The watering nozzle 58 is connected to a water discharge hole of a water supply pump 62 by a water supply pipe 60. Therefore, water from the water supply pump 62 is jetted from the watering nozzle 58. Below the watering nozzle 58, a metal dust filler 64 such as a stainless steel chip is disposed. That is, mesh plates 66, 68
Extend vertically across an intermediate portion of the interior cavity of the container 56, between which stainless steel chips 64 are filled. The exhaust gas flow from the blower 14 is arranged so as to flow into the metal waste packing 64 from the lower surface side. By filling the chips 64 made of stainless steel, the flow of the exhaust gas is greatly bent, the contact time with the spray water is extended, and the efficiency of removing harmful components such as soot can be increased.

In this embodiment, in addition to the water spraying device 18, a water spraying device 20 having the same structure is installed on the downstream side. The configuration of the downstream water spray device 20 is the same as that of the upstream water spray device 18.
And the description is omitted to avoid duplication. The water sprinklers 18 and 20 are arranged in series, and the exhaust gas after passing through the stainless steel chip filler 64 of the water sprinkler 18 is filled with the stainless steel chip filler 64 ′ of the water sprinkler 20.
To be introduced from below. That is, the exhaust gas is passed through the two-stage water spray devices 18 and 20 in series.

In FIG. 1, the filter 22 is arranged on the downstream side of the stainless steel chip filling 64 'of the second-stage water spraying apparatus 20. The structure of the filter 22 will be described with reference to FIG.
The filter 22 includes a cylindrical case 70, a filter element 72, and a lid 74. The filter element 72 includes a permeable cylindrical outer shell 75 and a permeable cylindrical inner shell 7.
6 and a cylindrical molded layer 78 of activated carbon composed of fine particles is arranged in a cylindrical space between them. As shown in FIG. 4, the lower end 72-1 of the filter element 72 is fitted to the lower end of the cylindrical case 70, the upper end 72-2 is fitted to the lid 74,
Of the filter element 72 to the case 7 by fastening the
It can be fixed within zero. An inlet 79 for receiving exhaust gas from the upstream side is formed on a side surface of the case 70, and a connection portion 81 connected to a suction port of the blower 16 of FIG. 1 by piping is provided on a bottom surface of the case 70.

The blower 16 is provided downstream of the filter 22, and by operating the blower 16, the exhaust gas after being subjected to water spraying by the water sprayers 18 and 20 is sucked into the filter 22, and the exhaust gas passing through the filter 22 is completely cleaned. Detoxified gas can be taken out. The exhaust gas can be directed to the final purification bath 80 if necessary.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste incineration system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of an incinerator in the waste incineration system of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the incinerator of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the filter of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the filter of FIG.

[Selection diagram]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Combustion furnace 12 ... Exhaust passage 14, 16 ... Blower 18, 20 ... Water spraying device 22 ... Filter 24 ... Cylindrical combustion container 34 ... Air supply passage 36 ... Blower 40 ... Annular pipe 42 ... Air supply pipe 44 ... Air supply Hole 46: Cylindrical punching plate 50: Air supply pipe 53: Water jacket 58: Sprinkling nozzle 60: Water supply pipe 62: Water supply pump 64: Metal waste packing 66, 68: Mesh plate 70: Cylindrical case 72: Filter element 78 ... Cylindrical layer of activated carbon

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3K065 AA16 AB01 AC01 AC13 GA03 GA06 GA12 GA22 GA41 GA43 GA45 3K070 DA05 DA24 DA32 DA37 4D002 AA21 AC04 BA02 BA04 BA13 BA14 CA01 EA02 4D004 AA46 AB07 AC01 CA28 CA32 CC03

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A combustion furnace for containing and burning an object to be burned, an exhaust passage for extracting exhaust gas from the combustion furnace, a blower for causing a flow of exhaust gas in the exhaust passage, and an exhaust passage. Water spraying means for cooling the exhaust gas by spraying water on the exhaust gas, and a filter through which the cooled exhaust gas is inserted to adsorb harmful components in the exhaust gas. Characteristic waste incineration system. 2. The invention according to claim 1, wherein the combustion furnace includes a tubular combustion vessel made of a refractory material for containing and burning the incineration material, and introducing combustion air into the combustion vessel. An air passage, wherein the air passage has a large number of openings in the internal space of the cylindrical combustion vessel that are spaced apart in the height direction of the cylindrical combustion vessel. . 3. The waste according to claim 2, wherein the opening is formed by a plurality of groups spaced apart in a height direction in an internal space of the combustion vessel. Incineration system. 4. The waste incineration system according to claim 3, wherein each group is installed on one pipe constituting an air passage. 5. The water spraying means according to claim 1, wherein the water spraying means communicates with a cylindrical container provided in an exhaust passage, a water spraying nozzle provided at an upper part in a space inside the container, and a water spraying nozzle. And a hydraulic pump
A waste incineration system characterized in that water from a water pump is injected into exhaust gas from a water spray nozzle under pressure. 6. The waste incineration system according to claim 5, further comprising means for forcibly circulating water to be sprayed. 7. The waste incineration system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of units are arranged in series on the exhaust passage of the water spraying means. 8. The exhaust gas flow according to claim 1, wherein the flow of the exhaust gas is bent without causing resistance to the flow of the exhaust gas in the flow path of the exhaust gas that receives the water spray from the water spraying means. A waste incineration system characterized by making use of bending means. 9. The waste incineration system according to claim 8, wherein said exhaust gas flow bending means is steel chips. 10. The invention according to claim 1, wherein the filter comprises a cylindrical container connected to an exhaust passage, and a filter unit disposed in the filter, wherein the filter unit is an air-permeable cylinder. A waste incineration system characterized by filling a space between a cylindrical inner shell and a cylindrical outer shell with activated carbon. 11. The waste incineration system according to claim 10, wherein the exhaust gas is introduced into the activated carbon layer from the outer peripheral side and is taken out from the central part in the axial direction. 12. A combustion chamber, comprising: a tubular combustion vessel made of a refractory material for accommodating and burning an incinerated material; and an air passage for introducing combustion air into the combustion vessel. An incinerator comprising a large number of openings provided in the internal space of the combustion vessel, spaced apart in the height direction and the radial direction of the cylindrical combustion vessel. 13. The invention according to claim 12, wherein the openings are formed of a plurality of groups each including openings separated in the height direction, and some of the groups are separated in the circumferential direction of the combustion vessel. An incinerator, wherein the incinerators are arranged and the remaining groups are spaced apart in the radial direction of the combustion vessel. 14. The incinerator according to claim 12, wherein each group is a series of holes formed on a pipe.