JP2001316674A - Method of controlling coke oven to reduce inter-furnace variation in time required to complete carbonization and mean wall temperature in carbonization chamber at extrusion - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of controlling coke ovens which minimizes inter-furnace variation in the time required to complete carbonization and mean furnace-wall temperature in carbonization chambers at extrusion by supplying appropriate fuel gas flow and air flow for combustion according to the deviations from the oven team average of the above carbonization time and furnace-wall temperature to each series of combustion chambers. SOLUTION: The deviation from the oven team average of the carbonization time detected by measuring the time at which generating gas reaches the highest temperature and the deviation from the oven team average of average furnace-wall temperatures in a carbonization chamber 1 from vertical and horizontal furnace-wall temperatures measured by furnace-wall thermometers provided on an extrusion machine 20 when cokes are extruded are calculated, and the variations in the carbonization time and furnace-wall temperature deviations of a fuel gas cock 15 are smoothed, and a corrected position of the fuel gas cock 15 to minimize the carbonization time and furnace-wall temperature deviations is determined.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a coke oven having a plurality of carbonization chambers and a plurality of combustion chamber rows which are alternately arranged to carbonize coal in the carbonization chamber to produce coke. The present invention relates to control of a coke oven that suppresses variation between kilns.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a coke oven comprises a plurality of carbonization chambers arranged in the furnace width direction and a plurality of combustion chamber rows alternately arranged so as to sandwich the carbonization chamber. It is equipped with a coking chamber, and operates a furnace group for charging coal and discharging the kiln (extruding coke) in five carbonization chambers. The combustion chamber row is adjacent to the carbonization chamber via the furnace wall (brick wall) and is divided into 20 to 30 small combustion chambers in the furnace length direction, and the bottom of each small combustion chamber is connected to the heat storage chamber. I have. In each small combustion chamber, fuel gas and combustion air whose flow rates have been adjusted by a fuel gas cock and a combustion air cock are supplied after being preheated by the respective heat storage chambers, and are burned on both sides through the furnace wall by the combustion. Is heated, and carbonization of coal is performed. The exhaust gas generated in each of the small combustion chambers is drawn down to a heat storage chamber for heat recovery, heat is recovered, discharged to a horizontal flue, collected in a flue and discharged to the atmosphere from a chimney.
The heat storage chamber for preheating is referred to as “standing side”, and the heat storage chamber for heat recovery is referred to as “pulling side”. The standing side and the pulling side are alternately switched at a control cycle of 30 minutes.

[0003] The carbonization chamber has a width of 400 to 500 mm and a length of 2 mm.
It is a room surrounded by bricks of 0 to 30 m and height of 4 to 6 m. Coal is charged from the charging inlet on the upper surface, and heat is supplied from both side walls to dry carbonize the coal. The produced coke is extruded by an extruder from the rear of the furnace, and is removed from the front of the furnace. The carbonization in the carbonization chamber proceeds as carbonization proceeds from both sides of the carbonization chamber, and completes carbonization up to the center of the furnace width, that is, the time when all carbonization is completed is `` fired down ''. It is commonly referred to as "fire-out time." Even after the carbonization is completed, the coke is kept in the carbonization chamber for about 2 to 4 hours. This time is called "place time"
The holding time is intended to achieve uniform soaking and shrinkage of the coke so that the coke can be easily extruded. If the holding time is too short, the carbonization at the time of the extrusion, which is used as a parameter representing the final attained temperature of the coke, is performed. The average room temperature of the furnace wall (called the kiln temperature) is low, and it is not possible to fulfill the purpose of keeping the room. On the other hand, if the placing time is too long, the final temperature of the coke becomes high, which causes furnace body damage such as deformation of the furnace lid. For this reason, the setting time must be maintained at an appropriate time length, that is, the discharge temperature must be maintained at an appropriate value. In order to operate this coke oven properly, it is necessary to allow the coal in each of the coking chambers to reach a certain degree of dry distillation within a predetermined period of time. ) Is required to minimize the variation between kilns.

Accordingly, as a method for minimizing the variation between the firing time or the temperature of the discharge kiln between the kilns, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.
No. 490 discloses that a target burn-out time is determined from the variation of the burn-out time, the variation of the total carbonization time, and the minimum placing time.
A combustion control method is disclosed in which a furnace temperature target value for achieving a target burn-out time is obtained, and the flow rate of fuel gas supplied to a furnace group is increased or decreased based on a deviation between the furnace temperature target value and the actual furnace temperature value. JP-A-33188 discloses a firing time variation in which the firing time of a kiln with abnormal firing time and the kilns before and after the kiln is abnormal, and the amount of fuel gas supplied to the furnace group is adjusted based on temperature information of flue on both sides of the kiln with abnormal firing time. Reduction method, JP-A-7-126
No. 652 discloses that the coke temperature when the generated gas temperature is the highest is estimated, the coke temperature to be discharged is predicted by a heat transfer model, and the target furnace temperature is corrected from the prediction result, or the coke is extruded. A coke temperature control method for correcting time is disclosed. In the coke oven operation, a skilled worker operates the opening degree of the fuel gas cock corresponding to the carbonization chamber with a particularly slow burn-down time or the carbonization chamber with a low exit kiln temperature based on the operational experience, and puts it in the combustion chamber row. It is common practice to reduce the variation that occurs by adjusting the flow rate of the supplied fuel gas.

[0005]

However, JP-A-1-45490, JP-A-3-33188,
In the method described in JP-A-7-126652,
Controls the flow rate of fuel gas supplied to the furnace, but does not operate the fuel gas cock opening according to the deviation of the burn-out time and the temperature of the kiln from the mean of the furnace, and changes with operating conditions. It is not possible to control the appropriate fuel gas flow rate corresponding to the temperature, and therefore, it is not possible to minimize the variation between the kilns of the fire fall time and the kiln temperature. On the other hand, in the conventional coke oven operation, skilled workers are required, and depending on the experience and skills of the workers, the flow rate of the fuel gas supplied to the combustion chamber row varies, and as a result, the burnout time and the discharge temperature vary. However, it was far from stable operation. As described above, in the conventional coke oven control, there is a limit in its accuracy, and moreover, the input of the fuel gas flow rate supplied to the combustion chamber row and the input of the fire extinguishing time and the output kiln temperature as one input are performed. Control technology for suppressing the variation between kilns in a two-output system has not yet been developed.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and operates the fuel gas cock opening degree in accordance with the deviation of the fire fall time and the temperature of the discharge furnace from the average of the furnace group, to thereby determine the relationship between the fire fall time and the discharge temperature. To provide a method of controlling a coke oven, which can minimize the variation between coke ovens and the discharge temperature of the coke oven, which can minimize the variation between kilns, save fuel consumption and improve coke quality, etc. Aim.

[0007]

According to the present invention, there is provided a method of controlling a coke oven, which suppresses a variation in a fire time and a discharge temperature of a coke oven according to the present invention. And a control method for suppressing the variation in the coke oven having a plurality of rows of combustion chambers for heating the carbonization chamber from both sides alternately in the furnace width direction. The average of the carbonization chamber was calculated based on the deviation of the burn-off time from the average of the furnace group detected by calculating the time to reach the temperature, and the furnace wall temperature in the furnace height direction and furnace length direction measured by the furnace wall thermometer installed in the extruder during coke extrusion. Find the deviation of the furnace wall temperature (outlet temperature) from the average of the furnace group, smooth out the fluctuations in the burn-out time deviation and the discharge furnace temperature deviation, and minimize the fire-out time deviation and the discharge furnace temperature deviation. Determine the amount of gas cock opening correction . By this method, the fuel gas cock opening can be determined so as to minimize the fire time deviation and the discharge temperature deviation, and the amount of supplied fuel gas depends on the operating conditions of the coke oven (fire discharge time and discharge temperature). The temperature can be supplied properly, and the variation of the fire fall time and the temperature of the kiln can be suppressed, and the stable operation can be performed.

[0008] Here, the correction amount of the fuel gas cock opening degree is determined by the opening degree flow ratio characteristic of the fuel gas cock every time charging of coal into the coking chamber representing a predetermined furnace group is completed. From the flow rate ratio of the furnace group and the flow rate of the fuel gas supplied to the furnace group, the average maximum flow rate per cock of the furnace group was calculated, and the minimum correction amount and the maximum correction amount for each cock, and carbonization after the cock opening correction control. Calculate the number of elapsed cycles,
Deviation from the average of the furnace group of the burn-out time detected by finding the time when the generated gas temperature measured at the generated gas riser tube section reaches the maximum temperature, and measured by the furnace wall thermometer provided in the extruder at the time of coke extrusion. The deviation of the average furnace wall temperature from the furnace wall direction in the furnace height direction and furnace length direction excluding the furnace lids at both ends of the coking chamber from the furnace group average was calculated. Calculate the burn-out time deviation and the discharge temperature deviation of the fuel gas cock corresponding to the coking chamber from the burn-out time deviation and the discharge furnace temperature deviation with respect to the furnace group average. Using a small weight, smoothes the fluctuations in the burn-out time deviation and the fluctuations in the discharge temperature of the fuel gas cock, calculates the allowable deviations and the judgment values for detecting deviation abnormal values, and smoothes the fuel gas cock. did Obtains the correction flow rate of the fuel gas cock flow to minimize both fall time deviation and Dekama temperature deviation, minimum correction amount described above, the maximum correction amount, cook times, it can be corrected corrected flow with a tolerance. This allows
Since the correction flow rate of the fuel gas cock is determined in consideration of the minimum correction amount and the maximum correction amount of the fuel gas cock, the number of cocks, the characteristics of the fuel gas cock, etc., avoid hunting of the correction flow rate and excessive correction flow rate. In addition, duplicate actions can be avoided, the amount of fuel gas supplied to the coke oven can be adjusted more appropriately, and the variation in the fire fall time and the temperature of the kiln can be reduced, and stable operation can be performed. .

Further, the flow rate of the fuel gas cock is corrected as follows:
The fuel gas cock of the furnace group is divided into an action-impossible cock, an action cock, and an adjustment cock.The action cock is determined so that the distribution piping pressure fluctuation is minimized, and the corrected flow rate of the action cock and the average cock of the furnace group described above are determined. Calculate the corrected flow ratio from each maximum flow rate, add the corrected flow ratio to the current cock flow ratio, calculate the current cock flow ratio,
The cock flow rate ratio this time can be converted into the set opening degree of the fuel gas cock and the combustion air cock and determined by using the cock opening flow rate characteristic. Thereby, the fluctuation of the fuel gas amount and the air flow rate supplied to the combustion chamber can be minimized, and the influence on the furnace group flow rate can be minimized, and the cock flow rate adapted to the cock characteristics can be set more accurately. , It can surely reduce the variation of the fire time and the temperature of the kiln,
The fuel to be supplied can be saved, and the coke quality can be improved.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an overall view of a coke oven to which a method for controlling a coke oven which suppresses a variation between a kiln and a discharge temperature of a coke oven according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a coke oven. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the coke oven, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a control flow of the coke oven, FIG. 5 is a graph showing a cock opening and a flow rate ratio, and FIG. 6 is heat storage. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the flow of the combustion gas passing through the chamber, FIG. 7 is a graph showing the deviation from the coking chamber number and the average of the furnace group, and FIG. 8 is a graph showing the cock number and the operation opening. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, a coke oven A that applies a method of controlling a coke oven that suppresses a variation in the burn-out time and the temperature of an outlet kiln of a coke oven according to an embodiment of the present invention is a coal coke. Are arranged in the furnace width direction (Z-axis direction), and a large number of combustion chambers 2 are alternately arranged across the carbonization chambers 1 so that the carbonization chambers 1 can be heated from both sides. Are located in Below the combustion chamber 2, a heat storage chamber 3
Is provided to guide the supplied fuel gas 14 and combustion air 11 to the combustion chamber 2 and to guide the exhaust gas generated by combustion to the flue 4. Therefore, when the high-temperature exhaust gas passes, the heat storage chamber 3 stores the heat of the exhaust gas,
When the fuel gas 14 and the combustion air 11 guided to the combustion chamber 2 pass, the fuel gas 14 and the combustion air 1
1 is preheated to facilitate combustion. In the present embodiment, the flow path through which the fuel gas 14 and the combustion air 11 pass and the horizontal flue 7 through which the exhaust gas passes are alternately switched at a cycle of 30 minutes.

Coal is charged into each of the coking chambers 1, and the coke that has been carbonized is removed by the extruder 20 shown in FIG.
It is extruded from one side and taken out of the furnace from the opposite side. The combustion chamber 2 is provided on the ram 20b of the extruder 20 in the furnace length direction (X
Three optical fibers 21 are provided in the furnace height direction (Y-axis direction) to measure the furnace wall temperature in the coking chamber 1 at a position corresponding to each small combustion chamber formed by partitioning in the axial direction (axial direction). The light (brightness) of the furnace wall at the position of the ram tip 20a is guided to the outside of the furnace. The light guided outside the furnace by the optical fiber 21 is incident on a radiation thermometer (furnace wall thermometer) (not shown) provided in the extruder 20. Further, the extruder 2
Every time 0 moves by a predetermined amount, the amount of movement is output as a signal by a ram movement amount detector (not shown). The temperature measurement position was detected based on the signal output from the ram movement amount detector, and the optical fiber 21 was used every time the temperature measurement position reached a predetermined furnace wall position adjacent to each small combustion chamber in the furnace length direction. With the radiation thermometer, the furnace wall temperature in the furnace height direction and the furnace length direction in the coking chamber 1 can be measured. A thermometer (not shown) for measuring the temperature of the generated gas is provided at the bent portion of the generated gas riser tube provided at the end of the horizontal flue 7. By finding the time to reach, the time of fire can be detected.

Further, referring to FIGS. 1 and 3, the structure of the main part of the flow path of the coke oven will be described. The flow rate of the combustion air 11 is adjusted by the combustion air cock 12, and is supplied from the heat storage chamber 3 to the combustion chamber 2 through the switching cock 13, the horizontal pipe 8 a and the under jet pipe 9 a. Further, the flow rate of the fuel gas (MG) 14 in which coke oven gas (COG) and blast furnace gas (BFG) having different calories are mixed is adjusted by the fuel gas cock 15, and the switching cock 1
6. The heat is supplied from the heat storage chamber 3 to the combustion chamber 2 through the horizontal pipe 8g and the under jet pipe 9g. The flow rate of combustion air and the flow rate of fuel gas supplied to a furnace group composed of a plurality of coking chambers 1 and combustion chambers 2 are controlled by flow controllers 17, 1, respectively.
8, the flow rate is adjusted. These flow controllers 17,
Reference numeral 18 is controlled and adjusted by a process computer (not shown) to a set flow rate (target flow rate) value. Exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber 2 passes through a horizontal flue (sole flue portion) 7, and passes through waist dampers 6 ps and 6 cs provided on the furnace lid side (PS) and the opposite side (CS) to the flue 4. Be guided. The flue 4 has a detection end (not shown) for detecting the average O ₂ concentration in the exhaust gas of the furnace group.
An exhaust gas O ₂ concentration control system is provided to adjust the combustion air flow supplied to the furnace group in response to fluctuations in the exhaust gas O ₂ concentration due to fluctuations in the fuel gas flow supplied to the furnace or fluctuations in the fuel gas calories. Have been. The setting of the opening (target opening) is controlled by a process computer (not shown) to the combustion air cock 12 and the fuel gas cock 15, and an actuator for adjusting the cock opening is connected to adjust the respective opening. It is configured to be possible.

Next, with reference to FIG. 4, a description will be given of a control system for suppressing the variation between the kiln time and the kiln temperature between kilns.
The process computer uses the burn-out time and the temperature of the kiln for each completion of charging of the coal in the coking chamber 1 representing a predetermined furnace group, and performs a process described below. Determine the 12 setting openings,
Output to the actuator that adjusts each cock opening,
Performs cock opening correction control.

The processing procedure is performed in the order of the numbers added to the upper left of each block shown in FIG. Procedure 1) Calculate the average maximum flow rate per cock of the furnace group from the flow rate ratio of the furnace group of the fuel gas cock (cock) 15 obtained from the opening degree flow rate ratio characteristic of the fuel gas cock 15 and the flow rate of the fuel gas supplied to the furnace group. To obtain the minimum correction amount and maximum correction amount for each fuel gas cock 15, and the number of elapsed carbonization cycles after cock opening correction control.
(Hereinafter referred to as the number of cocks). As shown in FIG. 5, the opening flow rate characteristic of the cock is obtained by measuring the relationship between the cock opening and the flow rate prior to the implementation of the present invention and normalizing the maximum opening and the maximum flow rate. Characteristics, and the horizontal axis is
The maximum opening is the cock opening represented by 100%, and the vertical axis is the flow ratio of the maximum flow represented by 1. It should be noted that the black circles shown in the figure indicate the measured values of the flow ratio with respect to the cock opening, and the solid lines indicate the opening flow ratio characteristics calculated by applying a quartic curve to the measured values of the opening and the flow ratio. First, the cock opening flow rate characteristic is approximated by a fourth-order polynomial, and the cock opening φ
The flow ratio P (M, k) corresponding to (M, k) is calculated by the following equation. P (M, k) = ε + φ (M, k) × (δ + φ (M, k) × (γ + φ (M, k) × (β + φ (M, k) × α))) ... (1) Here, α, β, γ, δ, and ε are polynomial approximation parameters, M represents a carbonization chamber number, and k represents a number assigned to a carbonization cycle. Faucet flow ratio of cock and fuel gas flow supplied to the furnace FMG1 (Fuel gas flow when the odd cock is standing), FMG2 (Fuel gas flow when the even cock is standing) From the average flow rate FMA
Calculate X by the following formula.

[0015]

(Equation 1)

Here, N is the number of kilns in the furnace group.

The minimum correction amount FMGL (M, k) and the maximum correction amount FMGH (M, k) for each cock are calculated. 1) The minimum correction amount FMGL (M, k) is calculated as the amount of change in the cock flow when the current opening of the cock is changed by the unit opening. FMGL (M, k) = | PL-P (M, k) | × FMAX (3) where PL = ε + φL × (δ + φL × (γ + φL × (β + φL × α))) ・ ・ ・ ( 4) φL = φ (M, k) -1 2) The maximum correction FMGH (M, k) is the change in cock flow when the current opening of the cock is changed to the operation opening φmax allowed for operation. Calculate as quantity. FMGH (M, k) = | PH−P (M, k) | × FMAX (5) where PH = ε + φH × (δ + φH × (γ + φH × (β + φH × α))) ・ ・ ・ ( 6) φH = φ (M, k) −φmax Here, M represents the cock number, and | ** | represents the absolute value of **.

The number of elapsed carbonization cycles (the number of cocks) NC (M) after the cock opening correction control is calculated. 1), the number of cocks is all incremented, and NC (M) = NC (M) +1 ... (7) 2), cock opening is corrected from the actual opening in the previous carbonization cycle and the current actual opening The presence / absence of control is detected, and the number of cocks of the cock whose opening degree is controlled to be corrected is initialized (= 0).
When the previous actual opening ≠ the present actual opening, it is determined that there is cock opening correction control.

Step 2) The time at which the temperature of the generated gas measured at the bent portion of the generated gas riser tube reaches the maximum temperature is determined, and the deviation of the detected burnout time from the average of the furnace group is calculated. Detection of burnout time The temperature of the generated gas reaches the maximum temperature before the burnout, and then drops rapidly. The time at which the maximum temperature is reached is strongly correlated with the time of the burnout (time when the color of the generated gas changes from yellow to bluish white) by visual judgment. And correspond well.
Therefore, the detection of the burnout time is obtained as follows. 1) Within the time period normally considered, 2) When the generated gas temperature shows a tendency to increase in temperature continuously and then tends to decrease in temperature thereafter. 3) The following curve is fitted, the time showing the extreme value is calculated, 4), the time from the charging of coal to the time when the maximum temperature is reached is calculated, and the time is detected as the burn-out time. Calculate the average of the burn-down time TH (M, k) except for the carbonization chambers at both ends of the furnace, and calculate the deviation ER from the average
Calculate RH (M, k). ERRH (M, k) = THme-TH (M, k) (8)

[0020]

(Equation 2)

Procedure 3) The average furnace in the coking chamber obtained by removing the furnace lids at both ends of the coking chamber from the furnace wall temperature in the furnace height direction and the furnace length direction measured by the furnace wall thermometer provided in the extruder during coke extrusion. Calculate the deviation of the wall temperature (called the kiln temperature) from the furnace group average. Detection of the temperature at the kiln When the coke is extruded, the temperature measurement position is detected based on the signal output from the ram movement detector provided in the extruder.
Each time the temperature measurement position reaches a predetermined position adjacent to each small combustion chamber in the furnace length direction, the furnace height direction and the furnace obtained by measuring the furnace wall temperature in the furnace height direction with a radiation thermometer via an optical fiber From the furnace wall temperature in the longitudinal direction, calculate the average furnace wall temperature (departure furnace temperature) excluding the furnace wall temperature of the furnace lid at both ends of the coking chamber. Calculate the average of the furnace temperature TW (M, k) excluding the carbonization chambers at both ends of the furnace group, and calculate the deviation ERRT (M, k) from the average temperature of the furnace temperature TWme.
Is calculated. ERRT (M, k) = TWme−TW (M, k) (10) where

[0022]

(Equation 3)

Step 4) The burn-out time deviation and the discharge temperature deviation of the fuel gas cock corresponding to the coking chamber are calculated from the burn-out time deviation and the discharge furnace temperature deviation with respect to the average of the furnace groups of three consecutive coking chambers. The determination value for detecting the allowable deviation and the deviation abnormal value by smoothing the fluctuation of the fuel gas cock burn-out time deviation and the fluctuation of the discharge temperature of the kiln using a weight smaller than 1 so as to forget the data of the exponential function. Is calculated. Calculation of the burn-out time deviation and the temperature deviation of the discharge furnace of the fuel gas cock In the coke oven, the flow of the combustion gas is schematically shown in FIG. 6, but the combustion chamber and its supply gas system are not completely independent of It is a system that influences. That is, FIG.
In the first half cycle of combustion (when the heat storage chamber M is on the rising side), the fuel gas whose flow rate has been adjusted by the cock M is heated by receiving the heat of the bricks through the heat storage chamber M, and is heated through the path shown by the solid line. It is supplied to M and M + 1 and burns. The high-temperature gas burned in the combustion chamber M
M-1 and M are transferred to the heat storage chamber M-1 via a path indicated by a broken line through heat transfer, and the high-temperature gas burned in the combustion chamber M + 1 is transferred to the carbonization chambers M and M + 1 on both sides thereof. After being transmitted, the heat is stored in the heat storage chamber M + 1 via a path shown by a broken line, and the heat is recovered by each heat storage brick, and then discharged to the flue.

Accordingly, the control amount of the cock M is the average fire-out time and the average discharge temperature of the three continuous carbonization chambers M −1, M, and M + 1 corresponding to the control amount. Therefore, the burn-out time deviation CERRH (M, k) and the discharge temperature deviation CERRT (M, k) of the cock M are calculated by the following equations. CERRH (M, k) = KA × ERRH (M, k) + KB × ｛ERRH (M−1, k) + ERRH (M + 1, k)｝ CERRT (M, k) = KA × ERRT (M, k) + KB × ｛ERRT (M−1, k) + ERRT (M + 1, k)｝ (12) where KA and KB are the coefficient of influence on the cock in the coking chamber, and are used in coke oven operation. Use commonly used values.

Next, the deviation of the burning time of the fuel gas cock and the deviation of the temperature of the discharge furnace are smoothed. Using a weighted average calculation method using a weight smaller than 1 so that the past data is forgotten in an exponential manner, a cock burn-off time deviation weighted average CERRHM and a discharge furnace temperature deviation weighted average CERRTM are calculated. DH (M, k) = ω × DH (M, k−1) +1 CERRHM (M, k) = CERRHM (M, k−1) − (CERRHM (M, k−1) −CERRHM (M, k) ) / DH (M, k) (13) DT (M, k) = ω × DT (M, k−1) +1 CERRTM (M, k) = CERRTM (M, k−1) − (CERRTM (M, k-1) -CERRTM (M, k)) / DT (M, k) (14) where DH (M, 0) = 0 and DT (M, 0) = 0 CERRHM (M, 0) = 0, CERRTM (M, 0) = 0 where ω is a weight smaller than 1 in the weighted average calculation, DH
And DT are the weighted cumulative number of the burn-out time deviation and the discharge temperature deviation.

Further, a judgment value for detecting an allowable deviation and an abnormal deviation value is calculated. Calculate the standard deviation SDERRH of the weighted average of the burnout time deviation of the cock and the standard deviation SDERRT of the weighted average of the departure temperature deviation, and calculate the allowable deviation ERRH of the burnout time deviation.
Calculate L and deviation abnormal value detection judgment value ERRHH, allowable deviation ERRTL of output furnace temperature deviation and deviation abnormal value detection judgment value ERRTH. ERRHL = KC × SDERRH ERRHH = KD × SDERRH ERRTL = KC × SDERRT ERRTH = KD × SDERRT (15)

[0027]

(Equation 4)

Here, KC is a constant for calculating an allowable deviation, and KD is a constant for calculating a deviation abnormal value detection judgment value.

Step 5) A corrected flow rate of the fuel gas cock flow rate is determined to minimize both the smoothed fire-off time deviation of the fuel gas cock and the outlet furnace temperature deviation, and the minimum correction amount, the maximum correction amount, and the number of cocks described above. , The magnitude of the corrected flow rate is restricted using the allowable deviation. Calculate the corrected flow rate FMG of the cock flow so as to minimize both the weighted average of the fire burnout time deviation and the weighted average of the outlet temperature deviation. FMG (M, k) = KH × CERRHM (M, k) + KT × CERRTM (M, k) (17) where KH is the coefficient of influence on the corrected flow rate of the weighted average of the burnout time deviation, KT is the coefficient of influence of the weighted average of the departure furnace temperature deviation on the corrected flow rate, and is determined by performing a statistical analysis using data obtained by a skilled worker performing cock opening operation.

Restriction on Correction Flow Rate 1) When the constraint | FMG (M, k) | <FMGL (M, k) due to the minimum correction amount, FMG (M, k) = 0 is replaced. 2) Restriction by permissible deviation When both the weighted average of the burn-out time deviation and the weighted average of the outlet temperature deviation are equal to or less than the respective permissible deviations, the corrected flow rate is set to zero. ｜ CERRHM (M, k) ｜ ≦ ERRHL and | CERRTM (M,
k) If | ≤ERRTL, replace FMG (M, k) = 0. 3), Restriction by the number of cocks The control for suppressing the variation between the kiln time and the kiln temperature of the kiln according to the present invention is executed every time the coal charging of the coking chamber representing the predetermined furnace group is completed. Accordingly, there occurs a carbonization chamber in which the operation of the cock opening is delayed by about one cycle of the dry distillation with respect to the control output in the carbonization chamber. In order to avoid duplicate actions due to this delay, the corrected flow rate is restricted by the number of elapsed carbonization cycles (cocks) after the cock opening is corrected. The number of cooks is 0,
Or, once, when | FMG (M, k) | <FMGH (M, k),
Replace FMG (M, k) = 0. 4) Restriction on the maximum corrected flow rate a), the corrected flow rate of the cock corresponding to the carbonization chamber in which the fire time is extremely short and the discharge temperature is extremely high is set to zero. FMG (M,
When k) <− FMGH (M, k), replace FMG (M, k) = 0.
b) Further, when FMG (M, k)> FMGH (M, k), FMG (M, k) = FMGH (M, k)
k).

Step 6) The burn-out time deviation and the kiln temperature deviation with respect to the furnace group average, the smoothed burn-out time deviation and the discharge kiln temperature deviation of the fuel gas cock, and the allowable deviation of the fire burn-out time deviation and the discharge kiln temperature deviation. Judgment values for detecting those deviation abnormal values,
From the corrected flow rate of the fuel gas cock flow rate, the fuel gas cock of the furnace group is classified into an action-impossible cock, an action cock, and an adjustment cock, and the action cock is determined so as to minimize the fluctuation of the distribution pipe pressure. The fuel gas cock of the furnace group is divided into action-impossible cock, action cock, and adjustment cock. 1), cock with no action A cock with a cock modification flow rate of zero is a cock with no action. 2), action cock a), the cock corresponding to the charcoal room with extremely slow down time shall be an action cock. ERRH (M, k) <-ERRHH ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ (18)
Action cock. ERRT (M, k)> ERRTH (19) c) Opening operation 2 where the corrected flow rate is calculated from the minimum corrected amount 2 [
%], A cock with an action cock lower limit correction amount of ACTF or more shall be an action cock. ACTF = 2 × FMGL (M, k) | FMG (M, k) | ≧ ACTF (20) 3), Adjustment cock A cock that is neither an action-impossible cock nor an action cock is used as an adjustment cock.

4) Handling of cocks corresponding to the carbonization chambers at both ends of the furnace group. In the coke oven operation, a special opening operation is performed on the cocks corresponding to the carbonization chambers at both ends of the furnace group. Reflecting such a coke oven operation, the cock is handled as follows. a) For the # 2 cock, when the corrected flow rate of the # 2 cock, the corrected flow rate of the # 3 cock, and the corrected flow rate of the # 4 cock are both equal to or greater than their respective maximum corrected amounts, FMG (I, k) ≧ FMGH (I, k) (21) However, I = 2, 3, 4 # 2 cock is an action cock, and # 3 and # 4 cocks are action-impossible cocks. FMG (I, k) = 0 (22) where I = 3, 4 b), # N + 1 cock for # N + 1 cock, #N cock Corrected flow rate, # N−
When the correction flow rate of the No. 1 cock is more than the maximum correction amount of each, FMG (I, k) ≧ FMGH (I, k) (23) where I = N-1, N, N + 1 Set # N + 1 cock as action cock, #N cock and #N
No.-1 cock is considered an action-impossible cock. FMG (I, k) = 0... (24) where I = N−1, N

Then, when the odd-numbered cock is on the upside and the even-numbered cock is on the upside, the distribution pipe pressure is set so that the distribution pipe pressure fluctuation from the divided action cock and adjustment cock is minimized. To minimize fluctuations,
Determine the action cock. Calculate the number of cocks for increasing and decreasing flow rate and the number of cocks for decreasing flow rate from the corrected flow rate of the action cocks divided for each of the odd-numbered and even-numbered cocks. Decide with a cook. First, when the number of increase correction flow rate cocks> the number of decrease correction flow rate cocks, the number difference is calculated. c) Search for a cock having a large absolute value according to the number difference from the reduced correction flow rate of the adjustment cock, and sequentially add the cock to the action cock. d) When the number of increase correction flow rate cocks and the number of decrease correction flow rate cocks are the same, the selected cock is determined as an action cock. If not, the minimum value is searched for from the increased correction flow rate of the action cock, and the cocks are sequentially removed from the action cock according to the number difference. When the number of increase correction flow cocks <the number of decrease correction flow cocks, the number difference is calculated. E) From the increase correction flow rate of the adjustment cock, a cock having a large value according to the number difference is searched. Add cocks to action cocks sequentially. f) When the number of increase correction flow rate cocks and the number of decrease correction flow rate cocks are the same, the selected cock is determined as an action cock. If not, a cock with the smallest absolute value is searched from the reduced correction flow rate of the action cock, and the cocks are sequentially removed from the action cock according to the difference in the number.

Step 7) The corrected flow rate is calculated from the corrected flow rate of the action cock and the average maximum flow rate per cock of the furnace group, and the corrected flow rate ratio is added to the current cock flow rate to calculate the current cock flow rate. Calculate the ratio and use the open flow rate ratio characteristic of the cock, for example, the commonly used Newton
By the Rafson method etc., this cock flow rate ratio is determined by converting it to the set opening of the fuel gas cock and the combustion air cock,
Each set opening is output to each actuator to correct and control the opening of the fuel gas cock 15 and the combustion air cock 12. Calculate the cock flow ratio PM this time. PM = P (M, k) + FMG (M, k) / FMAX (25) Using the flow rate characteristics of the opening degree, the flow rate ratio is converted to the opening degree θ by the Newton-Raphson method, for example. , Set opening φSV
To determine. 1) The current opening is set as the opening conversion initial opening. θ0 = φ (M, k) (26) 2) The flow rate ratio is converted into the opening θ by the Newton-Raphson method or the like. θN + 1 = θN− ｛ε + θN × (δ + θN × (γ + θN × (β + θN × α))) − PM｝ / ｛δ + θN × (2 × γ + θN × (3 × β + 4 × θN × α))) (27) 3), Let the convergent solution be the set opening φSV. φSV (M, k) = θN (28) Outputs the set opening of the fuel gas cock and the combustion air cock to each actuator, and corrects the opening of the fuel gas cock 15 and the combustion air cock 12. Do control.

By controlling in this way, it is possible to supply the appropriate fuel gas flow rate and combustion air flow rate to each combustion chamber row in accordance with the deviation of the burn-out time and the kiln temperature from the average of the respective furnace groups. Can be made possible. In addition, it is possible to minimize the variation between the kiln time and the kiln temperature between the kilns, thereby achieving a reduction in fuel supplied to the coke oven, an improvement in coke quality, a stable operation, and the like.

[0036]

Next, a description will be given of an embodiment of a method of controlling a coke oven which suppresses the variation between the coke oven and the discharge temperature of the coke oven. In order to verify the effect of the present invention, a simulation of the control of the variation between the kilns of the fire fall-out time and the discharge kiln temperature was performed using the operation data of the coke oven constituting the furnace group with 55 furnaces. The results are shown in FIGS. FIG. 7 shows the deviation of the burn-out time and the temperature of the kiln from the respective furnace group averages, and FIG. 8 shows the operation opening degree of the fuel gas cock. This is a comparison between the operating value of the degree and the calculated value of the calculated operation opening according to the present embodiment, and the calculated operation opening according to the present embodiment corresponds well to the actual operation opening obtained by an extremely skilled worker. It can be seen that the accuracy of the adjustment is high. As a result, the variation between the kiln time and the kiln temperature between the kilns was reduced, the operation was stabilized, the fuel consumption of the coke oven was reduced, and the coke quality was improved.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described above.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and all changes in conditions that do not depart from the gist are within the scope of the present invention. For example, regarding the carbonization chamber of a coke oven and the combustion chambers disposed therebetween, the respective carbonization chambers are arranged in the order of arrangement (1 → 2 → 3.
・) It can be applied to coal charging and coke oven operation where coke is extruded. Further, when determining the opening flow rate characteristics, it is also possible to obtain the actual flow ratio characteristics by using values physically measured for each opening in addition to the Newton-Raphson method. is there.

[0038]

The method of controlling a coke oven according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which suppresses a variation in the coke oven fire time and the discharge temperature between the kilns, comprises: a coking chamber in which coal is charged and carbonized; In a control method that suppresses the inter-kiln variation in the coke oven with multiple rows of combustion chambers that are alternately arranged in the furnace width direction to heat from both sides, the time at which the generated gas temperature reaches the maximum temperature is determined. The average furnace wall temperature in the carbonization chamber (the degassing furnace) was calculated based on the deviation of the burn-out time from the average of the furnace group detected in the furnace, and the furnace wall temperature in the furnace height direction and furnace length direction measured by the furnace wall thermometer installed in the extruder during coke extrusion. Temperature) with respect to the average of the furnace group, smoothing out the fluctuations of the burn-out time deviation and the discharge furnace temperature deviation, and the amount of correction of the fuel gas cock to minimize the deviation of the burn-out time deviation and the deviation of the average furnace wall temperature in the coking chamber. Determine the fuel to supply The amount of waste gas can be adjusted appropriately in accordance with the operating conditions of the coke oven, the fluctuations in the fire-off time and the temperature of the kiln can be reduced, and stable operation can be achieved, reducing the amount of fuel gas and improving the coke quality. Can be improved.

In particular, in the method of controlling a coke oven according to the second aspect of the present invention, which suppresses the variation of the coke oven time and the discharge temperature of the coke oven, the correction amount of the fuel gas cock opening represents a predetermined furnace group. Each time the coal charging of the coking chamber is completed, the average flow rate of each fuel tank cock is calculated from the fuel tank cock flow rate ratio obtained from the fuel gas cock opening flow rate ratio characteristic and the fuel gas flow rate supplied to the furnace group. Calculate the minimum correction amount and maximum correction amount for each cock and the number of elapsed carbonization cycles after the cock opening correction control, and calculate the maximum temperature of the generated gas measured at the curved section of the generated gas riser. The deviation of the burn-out time from the average of the furnace group detected by calculating the time to reach the furnace temperature, and the furnace wall temperature in the furnace height direction and the furnace length direction measured by the furnace wall thermometer provided in the extruder during coke extrusion, and the both ends of the carbonization chamber Charcoal excluding furnace lid Calculate the deviation of the average chamber wall temperature from the furnace group average, and calculate the fire gas time deviation of the fuel gas cock corresponding to the carbonization chamber based on the burnout time deviation and the discharge furnace temperature deviation from the furnace group average of three consecutive coking chambers. Calculate the kiln temperature deviation and smooth out the fluctuations of the burn-out time deviation of the fuel gas cock and the deviation of the kiln temperature deviation using a weight smaller than 1 so as to forget the past data as an exponential function. Calculate the judgment value for detecting the deviation abnormal value and the deviation, and find the corrected flow rate of the fuel gas cock flow rate that minimizes both the smoothed burn-out time deviation and the output temperature deviation of the fuel gas cock, and the above-mentioned minimum correction amount, maximum correction Since the corrected flow rate is corrected using the amount, number of cocks, and allowable deviation, the amount of fuel gas to be supplied to the coke oven can be adjusted more appropriately, and the variation in the burnout time and the temperature of the kiln can be reduced. It is possible to perform stable operation Te.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for controlling a coke oven, which suppresses a variation in a coke oven's fire time and a discharge temperature between the kilns, comprising: correcting a flow rate of a fuel gas cock; The cock is divided into a cock and an adjustment cock.The action cock is determined so that the variation of the distribution pipe pressure is minimized.The corrected flow ratio is calculated from the corrected flow rate of the action cock and the average maximum flow rate of each cock of the furnace group. Calculate the current cock flow ratio by adding the corrected flow ratio to the cock flow ratio, and convert this cock flow ratio to the set opening of the fuel gas cock and combustion air cock using the cock opening flow ratio characteristics. The fuel gas amount and air flow rate to be supplied to the combustion chamber can be set more accurately, the fuel to be supplied can be further reduced, and the coke quality can be stably improved. It can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall view of a coke oven to which a method for controlling a coke oven which suppresses a variation between a kiln in a coke oven and a discharge temperature of the coke oven according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an arrangement of an extruder of the coke oven.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the coke oven.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a control flow of the coke oven.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing a cock opening degree and a flow rate ratio.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a flow of a combustion gas passing through a heat storage chamber.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing a deviation from a coking chamber number and a furnace group average.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing cock numbers and operation openings.

[Explanation of symbols]

A: Coke oven, 1: Carbonization chamber, 2: Combustion chamber, 3: Thermal storage chamber, 4: Flue, 5: Furnace lid, 6ps, 6cs: West damper, 7: Horizontal flue (sole flue portion), 8a, 8
g: horizontal pipe, 9a, 9g: under jet pipe, 1
1: combustion air, 12: combustion air cock, 13: switching cock, 14: fuel gas, 15: fuel gas cock, 1
6: switching cock, 17: flow controller, 18: flow controller, 20: extruder, 20a: ram tip, 20b: ram, 21: optical fiber

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A coke oven provided with a plurality of alternating rows in a furnace width direction of a coking chamber in which coal is charged and carbonized, and combustion chambers for heating the coking chamber from both sides. In the control method for suppressing the variation between the furnaces, the deviation of the burn-out time from the average of the furnace group detected by finding the time when the generated gas temperature reaches the maximum temperature, and the furnace measured by the furnace wall thermometer provided in the extruder at the time of coke extrusion. From the furnace wall temperature in the high direction and the furnace length direction, the deviation of the kiln temperature, which is the average furnace wall temperature in the coking chamber, from the furnace group average is obtained, and the obtained burn-out time deviation and the fluctuation of the kiln temperature deviation are smoothed. A method for controlling a coke oven which suppresses the variation between the burnout time and the exit temperature of a coke oven characterized by determining the correction amount of the fuel gas cock opening which minimizes the extinguishing time deviation and the exit kiln temperature deviation. . 2. The method of controlling a coke oven according to claim 1, wherein the coke oven has a burn-off time and a discharge temperature, and the fuel gas cock opening is corrected by a predetermined amount. Each time the representative coal chamber was charged with coal, the average fuel tank faucet ratio was determined based on the fuel cell cock flow rate ratio obtained from the fuel gas cock opening degree flow rate ratio characteristic and the fuel gas flow rate supplied to the fuel furnace. Calculate the maximum flow rate by calculating the minimum correction amount and maximum correction amount for each cock, and also calculate the number of dry distillation cycles after the cock opening correction control, and measure the generated gas temperature at the bent section of the generated gas riser The deviation from the furnace group average of the burn-off time detected to find the time to reach the maximum temperature, and from the furnace wall temperature in the furnace height direction and furnace length direction measured by the furnace wall thermometer provided in the extruder during coke extrusion. Furnace at both ends of the carbonization chamber The deviation of the average furnace wall temperature of the coking chamber, excluding the lid, from the average of the furnace group was calculated.
Calculate the burn-out time deviation and the discharge temperature deviation of the fuel gas cock corresponding to the coking chamber from the burn-out time deviation and the discharge furnace temperature deviation with respect to the furnace group average of the two coking chambers, and convert the past data into an exponential function. Using a weight smaller than one to be forgotten, smoothing the variation of the burn-out time deviation and the variation of the exit temperature of the fuel gas cock, and calculating a permissible deviation and a determination value for detecting a deviation abnormal value, Determine the corrected flow rate of the fuel gas cock flow rate to minimize both the smoothed burn-out time deviation of the fuel gas cock and the output furnace temperature deviation, and calculate the corrected flow rate using the minimum correction amount, the maximum correction amount, the number of cocks, and the allowable deviation described above. A method for controlling a coke oven, which suppresses a variation in a coke oven's fire time and a discharge kiln temperature between the kilns. 3. The method of controlling a coke oven according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coke oven has a burn-out time and a variation in a discharge temperature of the coke oven. Is divided into an action-impossible cock, an action cock, and an adjustment cock, and the action cock is determined so that the distribution pipe pressure fluctuation is minimized.From the corrected flow rate of the action cock and the average maximum flow rate per cock of the furnace group described above, Calculate the corrected flow ratio, calculate the current cock flow ratio by adding the corrected flow ratio to the current cock flow ratio, and use the cock opening flow ratio characteristics to compare the current cock flow ratio with the fuel gas cock. A method of controlling a coke oven, which suppresses a variation in a coke oven's burn-out time and a discharge kiln temperature between kilns, which is determined by converting the setting into a set opening of a combustion air cock.