JP2001303534A - Concrete for vegetation base and method for laying greening base - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide concrete for a vegetation base easy to construct. SOLUTION: Porous concrete materials 11 and 12 are kneaded with compost 14 sealed in a water-soluble bag 10 to obtain the concrete for the vegetation base, with the water-soluble bag 10 capable of maintaining the boundary between the concrete materials 11 and 12 and the compost 14 for a period of time from the kneading of the concrete materials 11 and 12 to the start of hardening after placement. The water-soluble bag 10 is either a capsule made from gelatin, a capsule made from wood cellulose, a bag made of water-soluble paper, a bag made of hydrolytic paper, or a bag made of a water-soluble film, and the compost 14 contains soil, artificial soil, fertilizer, water retaining material and/or organic substances. Preferably, coarse aggregate 11 with grain sizes and specific gravity such that it can be uniformly dispersed in the bag 10 during the kneading is contained in the porous concrete materials 11 and 12. Further preferably, porous aggregate providing the required water retentivity is contained in the coarse aggregate 11.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vegetation base concrete and a method of laying a greenery base, and more particularly to a vegetation base concrete in which a plant culture soil sealed in a water-soluble bag is kneaded with a porous concrete material, and the vegetation base concrete. The present invention relates to a method for laying a greening base using a vegetation.

The concrete for vegetation base of the present invention can be used when constructing structures for preventing erosion of slopes (ground or slopes) whose water level fluctuates in revetments of rivers, lakes and marshes, dam lakes and the like. It can also be used to green the ground surface covered with concrete or mortar.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art When constructing structures for preventing seawall erosion or slope protection, revegetation concrete is sometimes used in order to achieve harmony with the surrounding environment and to preserve the ecosystem. One example of a conventional greening concrete is a porous concrete having continuous voids as a skeleton. The porous concrete base is provided with sufficient strength as a base and continuous voids in which plant roots extend by kneading and casting a single-grain coarse aggregate and cement paste at a predetermined ratio, for example. . By adjusting the ratio between the paste and the coarse aggregate, the ratio between water and the cement (W / C), the particle size distribution of the aggregate, etc., the required porosity and strength can be given to the porous concrete base.

[0004] Since porous concrete alone cannot provide the moisture and nutrients necessary for plants, soil components, fertilizers, water retention materials, and other materials necessary for the plants to grow in the voids of the porous concrete (hereinafter collectively referred to as these). Vegetation base). Also,
Since water in concrete generally has a high alkalinity and may adversely affect plants, it promotes the dissolution of alkali in water, or uses low alkali cement,
By using admixtures, etc., the alkalinity of the concrete base is reduced.

[0005]

In the conventional vegetation base made of porous concrete, after the porous concrete has hardened, it is necessary to fill the voids with plant culture soil necessary for growing plants. In addition, since porous concrete itself has high water permeability, it is necessary to fill a plant culture soil having water retention in order to impart water retention to a concrete base. Conventionally, the desired base structure cannot be formed by a method in which porous concrete and plant culture soil are simultaneously mixed and poured. For this reason, in the actual construction of the vegetation base, it is necessary to fill the voids with the plant culture soil after pouring the porous concrete, which takes a lot of time for the construction and causes the cost of the filling operation process to increase.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a concrete for a vegetation base which can be easily constructed.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present inventors have focused on water-soluble materials that can be dissolved in contact with water. A gelatin film test piece (50 mm in size) is an example of such a water-soluble material.
× 50 mm and thickness 30 μm) and the dissolution time in water (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as dissolution time) and the dissolution temperature (water temperature).
Is shown in the graph of FIG. The graph shows that the dissolution time of the test piece increases with increasing dissolution temperature. A plant culture soil is sealed in a bag made of a water-soluble material such as gelatin (hereinafter, referred to as a water-soluble bag), and a water-soluble bag filled with the plant culture soil, a porous concrete material, and water are kneaded. If the water-soluble bag can be dissolved after the casting and the setting or hardening of the porous concrete is started, it is possible to produce a porous concrete in which the plant culture soil is filled in the voids. The present invention has been completed as a result of further experiments based on this finding.

Referring to FIG. 1, a concrete 1 for vegetation base of the present invention is obtained by kneading porous concrete materials 11 and 12 and a plant culture soil 14 enclosed in a water-soluble bag 10.
The boundary between the concrete materials 11 and 12 and the plant cultivation soil 14 can be maintained during a period from the kneading of the concrete materials 11 and 12 to the start of curing after the water-soluble bag 10 is cast. Preferably, the porous concrete material 11, 12,
A coarse aggregate 11 having a particle size and specific gravity that can be uniformly dispersed in the bag body 10 during the kneading is included. More preferably, a porous aggregate that gives the coarse aggregate 11 the required water retention is included. It is desirable to use a foamed waste glass material as the porous aggregate.

Preferably, the water-soluble bag 10 is a gelatin capsule, a wood-based cellulose capsule, a water-soluble paper bag, a hydrolyzed paper bag, or a water-soluble film bag. Includes soil, fertilizers, water retention materials and / or organic matter.

Referring to FIG. 2, a method for laying a greening base according to the present invention comprises placing a net 3 on a ground 2 on which a greening base is to be laid, and placing a porous concrete material 11 on the net 3.
For a vegetation base kneaded with 12 and a plant culture soil 14 enclosed in a water-soluble bag 10 that can be dissolved by contact with water for a period of time from the kneading of the concrete materials 11 and 12 to the start of hardening after casting. Pour concrete 1 and concrete 1
The hardening of the bag 10 and the dissolution of the bag 10 form a vegetation base 15 in which plant root elongation paths filled with plant culture soil 14 are scattered, and the soil layer 5 containing plant seeds or seedlings is placed on the vegetation base 15. It is something that is placed. Preferably, water is sprayed on the soil layer 5 to complement the dissolution of the bag 10 in the vegetation base 15 and elute the alkali in the vegetation base 15.

[0011]

FIG. 1 shows a state of a concrete for vegetation base 1 according to the present invention at the time of kneading or immediately after casting. The concrete 1 for vegetation base shown in FIG.
Plant cultivation soil 14
The water-soluble bag 10 enclosing the above is kneaded and cast. The shaded figure in the figure represents the water-soluble bag 10 in which the plant culture soil 14 is enclosed, and the figure without the shade represents the coarse aggregate 11. The adjacent water-soluble bag 10 and the coarse aggregate 11 are bonded in a porous state by the bonding material 12. Reference numeral 13 in the figure is a water-soluble bag.
This represents a gap formed between the coarse aggregate 10 and the coarse aggregate 11.

The water-soluble bag 10 can enclose the required plant culture soil 14 and, for the time from the kneading of the porous concrete to the setting or the start of setting or hardening after pouring, or longer, the porous concrete material and the plant culture soil 14 can be filled. And then dissolve. The reason for using the water-soluble bag body 10 is that when the water-soluble bag body 10 melts out during mixing of the concrete or immediately after casting, the internal plant culture soil 14 mixes with the binder 12 before hardening, and the plant culture soil 14 This is because the plant root elongation path filled with no can not form a scattered vegetation base.

An example of the water-soluble bag 10 is a gelatin capsule or a wood-based cellulose capsule comprising a pair of cap-shaped containers each having an open end. Predetermined amount of plant culture soil
After filling with 12, the cap-shaped containers are sealed by fitting the open ends of each other. The present inventor has found that, by experiments, even when a conventional gelatin capsule for pharmaceutical capsules is used in the present invention, the capsule does not dissolve at the time of kneading or casting concrete, and the intended porous concrete is formed. I was sure that.

Further, another example of the water-soluble bag 10 wraps a required plant culture soil 14 and stitches it with an appropriate thread.
It is a bag that can be sealed by bonding with a suitable adhesive or thermocompression bonding. Suitable materials for the bag 10 include water-soluble paper, water-disintegrated paper that does not completely dissolve in water but is fragmented, and a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol film. Figures 3 and 4
Shows a water-soluble bag 10 using water-soluble paper, water-disintegrated paper, or a water-soluble film (hereinafter, these materials may be collectively referred to as a bag material paper). The water-soluble bag 10 of FIG. 3 forms a tube of bag material paper by bonding two opposing sides of a rectangular bag material paper with an adhesive, and has a plant culture soil inside the tube.
14 is a stick-shaped one in which the plant culture soil 14 is sealed by sealing both ends of the tube with an adhesive. Further, the water-soluble bag 10 of FIG. 4 has a rectangular bag material folded at the center with the plant culture soil 14 interposed therebetween, and sew or bond the opposing peripheral edges of the bag material paper with appropriate threads. The plant culture soil 14 is enclosed by bonding with an agent.

[0015] Table 1 shows the results of experiments confirming the water solubility (water disintegration) of the water disintegrated paper. In the water disintegration column of the table, a 50 mm square water disintegration paper test piece is put into a 500 ml measuring cylinder containing 250 ml of distilled water (pH = 6.5), and shaken up and down until the test piece becomes small. The number of times of shaking was measured. As shown in the table, by adjusting the thickness and density of the hydrolyzed paper, the dissolving time of the hydrolyzed paper bag body in water can be adjusted so as not to melt until the hardening of the porous concrete starts.

[0016]

[Table 1]

For example, in the case of porous concrete in which setting or hardening starts 2-3 hours after being kneaded with water and poured, a water-soluble bag 10 having a dissolution time in water of 3 hours or more is used. However, the water-soluble bag 10 does not need to be completely dissolved at the start of the hardening of the porous concrete, and can be supplemented by spraying water on the porous concrete after the hardening starts. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the dissolution time of the water-soluble bag body 10 varies depending on the water temperature.
The present inventor has experimentally found that in the ordinary mixing operation of the porous concrete, the water-soluble bag body 10 does not dissolve during kneading and can be dissolved by watering as required after the hardening of the porous concrete.

One example of the porous concrete used in the present invention comprises a coarse aggregate 11 and a binder 12 as shown in FIG. However, the porous concrete used in the present invention is not limited to the illustrated example, and the concrete 1 for vegetation base of the present invention can be obtained by kneading a water-soluble bag 10 containing the plant culture soil 14 in another porous concrete. it can.

In the illustrated example, the plant culture soil encapsulated in the water-soluble bag 10 is mixed so that the water-soluble bag 10 and the coarse aggregate 11 are evenly and uniformly dispersed at the time of mixing or pouring. The specific gravity and the particle size of the coarse aggregate 11 are selected according to the specific gravity and the size of the water-soluble bag 10. As an example, when an organic artificial soil is placed in a gelatin capsule having a diameter of 8.5 mm and a length of 24 mm, it is appropriate that the specific gravity of coarse aggregate is about 1.0 and the particle size is about 20 to 30 mm. The inventor has found through experiments.

As the material of the coarse aggregate 11, crushed stone, artificial lightweight aggregate, and the like can be used according to the intended use of the concrete 1 for vegetation base. When the aggregate itself needs to have water retention, a porous aggregate such as a foamed waste glass material (trade name: Supersol) can be used. By giving water to the aggregate itself, it is possible to construct a concrete base that is advantageous for growing vegetation.

The binder 12 for binding the coarse aggregate 11 and the water-soluble bag body 10 in a porous state may be appropriately selected from cement paste, polymer binder, etc., depending on the material and particle size of the aggregate 11 and the intended use of the vegetation base. Selected ones can be used. The porosity and strength of the concrete base can be adjusted by adjusting the ratio of the coarse aggregate 11 and the water-soluble bag 10 to the binder 12 and the like.

Since the water-soluble bag 10 does not melt until the kneaded porous concrete is cast and hardened, the plant culture soil 14 in the porous concrete is separated from the binder 12 such as cement paste and the coarse aggregate 11. Present independently in state. When the water-soluble bag 10 is dissolved after the hardening of the porous concrete, the plant culture soil is placed in the voids of the porous concrete.
Since the state is filled with the vegetation concrete base 14 in which the plant root extension paths filled with the plant culture soil 14 are scattered.

According to the present invention, it is not necessary to separately fill a plant culture soil after hardening concrete as in the prior art. Because there is no need to consider the filling work of plant culture soil,
Aggregate dimensions, size of voids, and the like can be appropriately set according to the purpose of use of the concrete base. Also, irrespective of the nature of the plant culture soil put in the water-soluble bag,
Concrete mix design is possible. As a result, the degree of freedom in designing the composition of concrete is increased, and the use of various aggregates, binders and admixtures can be selected. Furthermore, by spraying a certain amount of water on the concrete after the start of hardening, the dissolution of the water-soluble bag can be complemented and the alkaline component in the concrete can be eluted at the initial stage. Can be formed.

[0024] Thus, the provision of "easy-to-construct concrete for vegetation base", which is the object of the present invention, can be achieved.

[0025]

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention in which a greening base for greening is laid on a slope while preventing erosion.
First, the net 3 is fixed on the ground 2 which is a slope by using the anchor pins 4. Next, a water-soluble bag 10 which is a gelatin capsule enclosing the plant culture soil 14 is kneaded with porous concrete to prepare vegetation base concrete 1 having sufficient strength to prevent erosion. The concrete 1 is cast on the net 3 with a required thickness. The thickness of the casting can be appropriately selected according to the purpose of the greening base.

The porous concrete used in the present embodiment uses a foamed waste glass material (particle diameter 2 to 10 mm, specific gravity 1.0) as a porous aggregate as a coarse aggregate, and expresses the coarse aggregate, cement and water. It was blended at the ratio shown in FIG. As shown in Table 2, the porosity of the concrete for vegetation base of this example except for the water-soluble bag body of 20% by volume was 14%, and the W / C (water-cement ratio) was 33.3%.

Water-soluble bag in vegetation base concrete 1
10 does not melt until the porous concrete hardens,
After the porous concrete is hardened, the water-soluble bag 10 is dissolved, so that a vegetation base 15 in which the plant root extension paths filled with the plant culture soil 14 are scattered can be formed. After the vegetation base 15 has hardened, the soil layer 5 mixed with plant seeds or seedlings is placed on the vegetation base 15.

[0028]

[Table 2]

By spraying water on the placed soil layer 5, the growth of plant seeds or seedlings can be promoted, and the dissolution of the water-soluble bag 10 remaining in the vegetation base 15 can be complemented. Further, the initial alkali components in the vegetation base 15 can be eluted by watering. However, even when the undissolved water-soluble bag 10 remains in the vegetation base 15, if the strength of the water-soluble bag 10 is reduced to such an extent that the roots of the plant can penetrate due to swelling (water absorption), the vegetation can be reduced. No growth problems. Before placing the soil layer 5, water may be sprinkled onto the cured vegetation base 15 to supplement the dissolution of the water-soluble bag 10 and elute the initial alkali component in the vegetation base 15. .

The plants in the soil layer 5 grow on a vegetation base as they grow.
The roots are extended to the plant root elongation path filled with the plant culture soil 14 in the plant soil 15, and settled on the vegetation base 15 by the nutrients held by the plant culture soil 14 and the moisture held by the porous aggregate 11, Greening. The greening base laying method of FIG. 2 can be applied to a steep slope, and the entire slope can be greened while preventing erosion. Also, revetment of rivers, lakes and marshes, etc.
It can be applied to greening spring slopes where it is difficult to grow plants, and greening the ground surface covered with concrete or mortar.

[0031]

As explained in detail above, the concrete for vegetation foundation according to the present invention is a boundary between the concrete material and the plant cultivation soil during the time from kneading of the concrete material to the start of hardening after the kneading of the concrete material. Since the resulting plant culture soil enclosed in the water-soluble bag obtained is kneaded,
The following remarkable effects are exhibited.

(A) After the porous concrete is hardened, the water-soluble bag is melted and the space for the plant culture is filled with the plant culture soil. The work of filling can be omitted and the construction is easy. (B) Since the coarse aggregate of the porous concrete and the water-soluble inclusion body can be substantially uniformly dispersed at the time of kneading, a necessary amount of plant culture soil can be mixed in an appropriate amount at the same time as mixing. (C) Even a plant culture material which is difficult to fill in the concrete void later can be filled in the concrete void by enclosing it in a water-soluble bag. (D) Since it is not necessary to fill the plant culture soil after the concrete is hardened, the aggregate size, the size of the voids, and the like can be appropriately set according to the intended use of the vegetation base. (E) Since the plant culture soil is sealed in a water-soluble bag and then kneaded, it is possible to design a concrete mixture regardless of the properties of the plant culture soil. (F) Since the degree of freedom in the design of the concrete mixture is increased, the range of choice of aggregate, binder and admixture can be expanded. (G) By using a porous artificial aggregate as an aggregate, the aggregate itself can have water retention, and a vegetation base advantageous for plant growth can be constructed. (H) Sprinkling water on the hardened concrete can complement the dissolution of the water-soluble bag and elute the alkali component in the concrete at an early stage.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a concrete for vegetation base according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a method for laying a greenery substrate according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a water-soluble bag used in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of another example of the water-soluble bag used in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing a relationship between a dissolution temperature and a dissolution time of a gelatin film test piece in water.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Concrete for vegetation base 2 ... Soil 3 ... Net 4 ... Anchor pin 5 ... Soil 10 ... Water-soluble bag 11 ... Coarse aggregate 12 ... Binding material 13 ... Void 14 ... Plant soil 15 ... Vegetation base

Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Eiji Usami 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Haruo Takayama 2-1-1-1, Tobita-Kita, Chofu-shi, Tokyo Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroki Sawada 2-191-1, Tobita-Ki, Chofu-shi, Tokyo Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kenji Sato 2-191-1, Tobita-Kiyi, Chofu-shi, Tokyo Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shoichi Masuoka 1-6-4 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Chemical Grout Inc. (72) Inventor Kazu Yokoo 7-1-55 Minamienkajima, Taisho-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., Ltd. Cement Concrete Research Laboratories (72) Inventor Kiho Hayashi 1 Kanda Midoshiro-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2D018 DA06 2D044 DA33 DC04

Claims (8)

[Claims] A kneaded mixture of a porous concrete material and a plant culture soil filled in a water-soluble bag, wherein the water-soluble bag is mixed with the concrete material for a period of time from the kneading of the concrete material to the start of hardening after casting. Vegetable foundation concrete that can maintain the boundary with plant culture soil. 2. The concrete for vegetation base according to claim 1, wherein said porous concrete material contains coarse aggregate having a particle size and specific gravity capable of being uniformly dispersed in said bag during kneading. . 3. The concrete for vegetation base according to claim 2, wherein said coarse aggregate includes a porous aggregate for imparting required water retention. 4. The concrete for a vegetation base according to claim 3, wherein said porous aggregate is a foamed waste glass material. 5. The concrete for vegetation base according to claim 1, wherein said water-soluble bag is a gelatin capsule, a wood-based cellulose capsule, a water-soluble paper bag, a hydrolyzed paper bag, or a water-soluble film. Vegetable foundation concrete used as a bag-making body. 6. The concrete for vegetation base according to claim 1, wherein the plant culture soil is soil, artificial soil,
Vegetable foundation concrete containing fertilizer, water retention material or organic matter. 7. A net is placed on the ground on which a greening base is to be laid, and is melted on the net by contact of a porous concrete material with water for a period longer than the time from kneading of the concrete material to the start of hardening after casting. A plant root soil kneaded with a plant culture soil encapsulated in a possible water-soluble bag is poured, and the plant root extension path filled with the plant culture soil is formed by curing of the concrete and dissolution of the bag. A method for laying a greening base, comprising forming a scattered vegetation base and placing a soil layer mixed with plant seeds or seedlings on the vegetation base. 8. The method for laying a greening base according to claim 7, wherein water is sprayed on the soil layer to supplement the dissolution of the bag in the vegetation base and to elute the alkali in the vegetation base. .