JP2001300220A - Air cleaning filter apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air cleaning filter apparatus for efficiently deodorizing four main malodors of ammonia, an amine, hydrogen sulfide and mercaptan, and a tobacco smell. SOLUTION: The air cleaning filter apparatus is constituted of a first filter obtained by supporting acidic phosphate and a copper compound on a base material and a second filter obtained by supporting a hydrotalcite compound and sulfite on a base material.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air purifying filter device, and more particularly, to an air purifying filter device for effectively removing bad odors and unpleasant odors, including cigarette smoke, from air in a living environment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, with the improvement of the quality of human life, odors generated from the living environment, such as fermentation of sweat, garbage, and human waste,
In particular, there is an increasing demand for living in clean air by removing the unpleasant odors derived from aldehydes and fatty acids contained in cigarette smoke, as well as the so-called four major living odors of ammonia, amines, hydrogen sulfide and mercaptan. ing. Conventionally, physical adsorbents such as activated carbon and zeolite have been used to remove such malodors and unpleasant odors in the living environment. However, when the water vapor or the vapor of the adsorbing substance is adsorbed, the physical adsorbing ability is remarkably reduced, and there is a drawback that the effect of removing tobacco odor containing aldehyde or fatty acid as a main odor component is small. On the other hand, as an attempt to chemically remove malodor and unpleasant odor, it has been proposed to use an acidic phosphate and a copper compound (Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-68620). However, although this method works effectively for ammonia and mercaptan, it is difficult to remove tobacco odor.

[0003] It is known that a filter in which a hydrotalcite compound is supported on a base material can eliminate tobacco odor (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-52478). However, in this method, the tobacco odor cannot be sufficiently removed yet, and it is difficult to remove the malodor such as ammonia. On the other hand, it is known that sodium acid pyrophosphate and the like can dramatically improve the ammonia deodorization rate when combined with copper sulfate (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-238865).
Therefore, it is conceivable to combine a hydrotalcite compound with sodium acid pyrophosphate, but if these are adhered to the same base material, a chemical reaction occurs and the deodorizing ability is reduced.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an air purifying filter device which can efficiently deodorize four major malodors such as ammonia and tobacco odors such as aldehydes. The present inventor has conducted extensive studies and found that a filter having a base acid phosphate and a copper compound adhered to the base material and a filter having a hydrotalcite compound and a sulfite supported on the base material are used in combination. As a result, the above-mentioned bad odor and unpleasant odor can be efficiently removed, and the present invention has been completed based on this finding.

[0005]

Thus, according to the present invention, a first filter in which an acid phosphate and a copper compound are adhered to a substrate and a hydrotalcite compound and a sulfite are supported on the substrate. An air cleaning filter device comprising the second filter is provided.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The air purifying filter device of the present invention comprises a first filter having a base material carrying an acidic phosphate and a copper compound, and a base material having a hydrotalcite compound and a sulfite carried thereon. This is constituted by a second filter. First filter and second filter used in the present invention
The base material used for the filter is not particularly limited as long as it has no chemical reactivity with the acid phosphate or the like, and is air-permeable. For example, a nonwoven fabric made of various fibers, a filter paper, unglazed, ceramics , Sheets made of metal, etc.
Foams, honeycomb structures, corrugated shapes and the like can be mentioned. Among them, nonwoven fabric, open-cell polyurethane, paper corrugate and the like are preferable in terms of economy, and ceramic foam, ceramic honeycomb, aluminum corrugate and the like are preferable in terms of durability. Cellulosic fibers such as cotton, hemp, rayon, etc. as the fibers for nonwoven fabrics;
Protein fibers such as wool and silk; polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, acrylic fibers, polyurethane fibers, glass fibers, asbestos fibers and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The acidic phosphate used in the present invention is an acidic phosphate, and specific examples thereof include ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and dihydrogen phosphate. Dihydrogen phosphate salts such as calcium and barium dihydrogen phosphate; diammonium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium sodium phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium hydrogen phosphate, barium hydrogen phosphate and the like Monohydrogen phosphate; acid pyrophosphate of sodium acid pyrophosphate, acid pyrophosphate and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The amount of the acidic phosphate used is usually 0.5 to 100 parts by weight of the substrate.
100 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 50 parts by weight. If the amount of the acidic phosphate used is too small, the deodorizing effect may be reduced. Conversely, if the amount of the acidic phosphate used is excessively large, the filter may be clogged.

The copper compound used in the present invention is an inorganic acid salt, an organic acid salt, an oxide or a complex of copper, and specific examples thereof include cuprous chloride, cupric chloride, cuprous bromide, and the like. Cupric bromide, cuprous iodide, cupric iodide, cuprous oxide, cupric oxide, copper acetate, copper nitrate, copper carbonate, copper sulfate, acidic copper phosphate, cupric hydroxide , Cupric citrate, copper cyanide, copper pyrophosphate, cupric citrate, copper gluconate, copper 2-ketoglutarate, copper pyruvate, copper oxaloacetate, copper oleate, copper naphthenate, copper chlorophyll, And phthalocyanine copper. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these copper compounds, a copper compound of an inorganic acid salt is preferable because it is easily available. In the present invention, when the copper compound is an acidic phosphoric acid compound, it can also serve as the acidic phosphate. The amount of the copper compound used is the above-mentioned acid phosphate 1
The amount is usually 0.005 to 200 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 50 parts by weight, based on 00 parts by weight. If the amount of the copper compound is excessively small, the deodorizing performance of the filter device may be insufficient, and if the amount of the copper compound is excessively large, the filter may be clogged.

In the first filter used in the present invention,
The method of supporting the acid phosphate and the copper compound on the substrate is not particularly limited, and usually, a mixed aqueous solution of both substances is applied to the substrate, sprayed or impregnated, and then dried, or one of the aqueous solutions is used. A method is adopted in which the substrate is applied, sprayed or impregnated and dried, and then the other aqueous solution is applied and impregnated and dried. The acidic phosphate and the copper compound can be firmly supported by a binder composed of a latex of a polymer having a carboxyl group or a sulfonic acid group. Examples of the latex of the polymer include a styrene-butadiene copolymer and an acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer.

The hydrotalcite compound used in the present invention
The product has the general formula [Mg_1-xAl_x (OH)₂]_X ⁺
[(CO₃ )_{x / 2}・ MH₂0]_X ⁻Represented by
Positively charged base layer [Mg
_1-xAl_x(OH)₂ ]_X ⁺And negatively charged
Intermediate layer [(CO₃)_{x / 2}・ MH₂0] _X ⁻
And an inorganic substance having a layered crystal structure. This
Here, X is a number greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.33.
Natural products are Mg₆Al₂(OH)₁₆CO₃・ 4
H₂O, and the synthetic product is mainly Mg
_4.5Al₂(OH)₁₃CO₃・ 3.5H₂
The O form is commercially available. Examples of synthesis methods
For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-2280, Japanese Patent Publication No. 50-30
No. 039, Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-29129, Japanese Patent Publication No.
Known methods described in, for example, JP-A-61-174270.
Can be exemplified. Hydrotalcite conversion
The compound is a part of Mg in the hydrotalcite compound.
May be replaced by Zn.

In the present invention, the hydrotalcite compound is prepared by reacting the hydrotalcite compound with a perhalic acid such as perchloric acid, perbronic acid or perfluoric acid in water at an arbitrary ratio. CO inside
Partially or entirely perhalic acid-introduced type or perhalic acid-introduced type in which part or all of ₃ is substituted by a perhalogen acid group such as ClO ₄ (hereinafter, both are referred to as “perhalic acid type hydrotalcite compound”) It is preferable to use a hydrotalcite compound of the above because the effect of removing basic odors such as ammonia and amine is enhanced. As a method of obtaining a perhalic acid-type hydrotalcite compound, for example, after suspending the hydrotalcite compound in water, add a predetermined amount of an aqueous solution of perhalic acid or a metal salt of perhalic acid, and thoroughly stir the mixture. Filtration and drying methods are mentioned. The amount of these hydrotalcite compounds used is usually 0.5 to 100 parts by weight of the base material of the second filter.
To 100 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 50 parts by weight. If the amount of the hydrotalcite compound is excessively small, the deodorizing effect may be reduced. Conversely, if the amount of the hydrotalcite compound is excessively large, the hydrotalcite compound may drop off from the base material. There is.

The sulfite used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound of sulfite ion. For example, ammonium salts such as ammonium sulfite and ammonium bisulfite: sodium sulfite, potassium sulfite, calcium sulfite, ammonium bisulfite, sulfite And alkali metal salts such as sodium hydrogen, potassium hydrogen sulfite, sodium pyrosulfite, potassium pyrosulfite and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The amount of the sulfite used in the second filter of the present invention is usually 0.5 to 200 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the hydrotalcite compound.
00 parts by weight. If the amount of sulfite used is too small, the deodorizing performance of the filter device may be insufficient.
Conversely, if the sulfite is used in an excessively large amount, the filter may be clogged.

In the second filter used in the present invention,
As a method for supporting the hydrotalcite compound and the sulfite on the base material, it is preferable to support the sulfite after the hydrotalcite compound is supported on the base material in terms of suppressing a chemical reaction between both components. . The method of supporting the hydrotalcite compound on the base material is not particularly limited, for example, a method of spraying or applying a binder to the base material and then attaching the hydrotalcite compound powder, a binder in which the hydrotalcite compound powder is suspended Method of Applying or Spraying an Aqueous Solution or Organic Solvent Solution to a Substrate and Drying There is a method of forming a filter using a substrate sheet into which a hydrotalcite compound powder has been incorporated. The method of adhering the sulfite to the filter substrate is not particularly limited, and a preferred example is a method of adhering the sulfite in powder or solution form to a substrate on which a hydrotalcite compound is previously supported.

[0014] The air purifying filter device of the present invention comprises a first filter having a base material carrying an acidic phosphate and a copper compound, and a base material having a hydrotalcite compound and a sulfite carried thereon. An apparatus in which the second filter is combined with the second filter, thereby exhibiting a remarkable deodorizing effect more than each of them is used alone. The combination of these two filters is not particularly limited, and may be a structure in which the air to be cleaned passes through the first filter and then through the second filter, or vice versa. Alternatively, the filter device may be configured in a multilayer structure using any two types of filters. Both types of filters may be integrally fixed to a frame made of wood, metal, or the like, or may be separately installed.

[0015]

The filter device for purifying air according to the present invention deodorizes not only ammonia, amine, hydrogen sulfide and mercaptan, which are said to be the four major malodors in daily life, but also odors of aldehydes and fatty acids emitted from cigarette smoke. Since it has an effect, it is effective for purifying air in a living space of a building such as a living room, an office, a hospital, a theater, and a work place, and a living space of a transportation means such as a car, a ship, and an aircraft. Further, an air purifying device can be configured by combining the air purifying filter device of the present invention and a mechanism for passing appropriate air. The mechanism for passing air is not particularly limited, for example,
A method of installing a blower for blowing air on the windward side of a filter device for air purification to send air toward the filter device,
There is a method of installing an exhaust blower on the leeward side of an air purifying filter device to discharge air from the filter device. Further, depending on the purpose of use, other mechanisms such as a prefilter for removing dust, an electric dust collector, an ozone generator for oxidizing harmful substances, a photocatalyst, and an ultraviolet irradiation device can be added.

[0016]

The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. (1) The following detection tubes are used for measuring the concentration of each offensive odor components. Trimethylamine: manufactured by Komeiri Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
No. 222S hydrogen sulfide: manufactured by Komei Rikagaku Kogyo KK No. 120U methyl mercaptan: manufactured by Komei Rikagaku Kogyo KK
130U ammonia: manufactured by Komeiri Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. 105S
D Acetaldehyde: NO. 92L Acetic acid: NO. 81L (2) Deodorization test 1 1m in height, 1m in width, made using a transparent acrylic plate
The height measurement box (test volume 1 m ³⁾ within 1 m, the air cleaning apparatus (filter device on the windward side, the maximum air volume 10 m 3 ^/ min blower installation leeward) plane of the windward side test volume of the filter device And a circulator (maximum airflow 0.7 m ³ / min) for uniform mixing of the internal air is installed in the measurement box. For trimethylamine, hydrogen sulfide, and methyl mercaptan, each component was added to a measurement box operated only with a circulator, and after 10 minutes, air was sampled, and the initial concentration C ₀ of each component was measured. The air is sampled 30 minutes after the blower is operated, and the concentration C of each component at that time is measured. The deodorization rate is determined by the following (4).

(3) Deodorizing test 2 For ammonia, acetaldehyde and acetic acid,
It was measured by the following deodorizing test using tobacco smoke. That is, a tobacco smoke absorber is provided upwind of the filter device in the measurement box used in the deodorization test 1, and five tobaccos are burned almost simultaneously in 6 to 8 minutes while operating the smoke absorber and the circulator. When the tobacco smoke reaches the filter of the air purifier at the earliest, the operation of the smoke evacuator is stopped, and the tobacco burns naturally thereafter. Here, a cigarette smoker is a blower (maximum air volume 0.8 m ³ / min, static pressure 60P
a) and a disk-shaped cigarette holder made of an aluminum plate having substantially the same area and provided on the front surface thereof, wherein the tobacco holder is hermetically connected with its peripheral edge and a blower by a short cylinder,
Five tobacco insertion holes are formed at equal intervals along the circumference of the tobacco holder. When the burning of the tobacco is completed, the circulator is stopped, the operation of the air purifier is started, and the air in the measuring box is sampled two minutes later, and the initial concentrations of ammonia, acetaldehyde and acetic acid (C ₀ )
Is measured. Sampling is performed by fixing the detection tube to an intake pump and sucking air. The ammonia detection tube is connected to the front of the acetaldehyde detection tube by a rubber tube, and in this state, the acetaldehyde detection tube is directly connected to the suction pump and simultaneously ventilated, and then the acetic acid detection tube is independently fixed to the suction pump for suction.
When the air purifier has been operated for 30 minutes, the same procedure is repeated for 3 minutes.
The concentration (C) of each component is measured, and the deodorizing rate of each component is determined by the following (4). (4) Deodorization rate The deodorization rate of each malodorous component after 30 minutes was calculated as the initial concentration C
_It is determined by the following equation using ₀ and the concentration C after 30 minutes. η = (1−C / C ₀ ) × 100 (%)

Examples 1 to 6 Viscose rayon fibers having a fiber diameter of 4.5 denier were made into random webs having a basis weight of 100 g / m ² using a webber. On this web, 100 parts by weight of sodium acid pyrophosphate, 1 part by weight of copper sulfate, carboxyl-modified styrene-butadiene copolymer latex (solid content 43%) were added.
% By weight) 200 parts by weight and a solid content of 10 prepared from water
Spraying of an aqueous liquid of weight% and drying are repeated, and the total amount of sodium acid pyrophosphate and copper sulfate attached is 100 g / m ² , 105 mm long and 380 mm wide.
Was obtained. Next, an aqueous liquid having a solid content of 10% by weight prepared from 20 parts by weight of perchloric acid type hydrotalcite, 20 parts by weight of a carboxyl-modified styrene-butadiene copolymer latex (same as above) and water was used in the same manner as described above. To prepare a filter having a perchloric acid type hydrotalcite compound loading of 8 g / m ² in the same manner as described above.
The operation of spraying and drying a weight% aqueous solution was repeated to adjust the supported amount of sodium sulfite to 7.5 g / m ^2, and a filter 2 supporting a perchloric acid-type hydrotalcite compound and sodium sulfite was obtained. A filter device fixed to a wooden frame was formed by laminating a filter 1 on the leeward side and one filter 2 on the leeward side, and using this, a deodorizing test 1 or 2 was carried out to determine the deodorizing rate of each component shown in Table 1. I asked.
Table 1 shows the measurement results.

Comparative Examples 1 to 6 The components shown in Table 1 were subjected to deodorizing tests in the same manner as in Example 1 except that two filters 1 were laminated and fixed to a wooden frame. . Table 1 shows the measurement results.

Comparative Examples 7 to 12 The same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that two filters 2 were laminated and fixed to a wooden frame. Table 1 shows the measurement results.

[0021]

[Table 1]

From Table 1, it can be seen that a filter 1 in which an acid phosphate and a copper compound are adhered to a base made of viscose rayon fiber,
When an air purifying filter device combining a filter 2 having a hydrotalcite compound and a sulfite supported on a similar substrate (Examples 1 to 6), ammonia, amine, hydrogen sulfide and mercaptan were used. A clear improvement in the deodorization rate was observed for the four major malodors and the aldehyde and acetic acid tobacco odors. In particular, for the tobacco odor such as acetaldehyde (Examples 5 and 6), the filter 1 or 2 was used alone (Comparative Examples 5, 6, 11, and 12), and the odor was significantly reduced. The rate has improved. In addition, the filter 1 or the filter 2 was used alone (Comparative Examples 1 to 4, 7 to 10) with respect to the four major malodors such as ammonia (Examples 1 to 4).
The deodorization rate is improved as compared with. On the other hand, when only two filters 1 are used (Comparative Examples 1 to 6), the four major malodors such as ammonia can be removed, but they have no effect on tobacco odors such as aldehydes. When only two filters 2 were used (Comparative Examples 7 to 1)
2) has a certain effect on tobacco odors such as aldehydes, but has little effect on the four major malodors such as ammonia.

Continued on front page F-term (reference) 4C080 AA06 BB02 CC02 CC05 CC08 CC09 CC12 HH05 JJ05 KK08 LL03 MM02 NN24 QQ17 4D019 AA01 AA10 BB10 BC10 4G066 AA11B AA47B AA50B AA66B BA02 BA05 CA27 CA25 CA25

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An air purifier comprising a first filter having a base material carrying an acidic phosphate and a copper compound and a second filter having a base material carrying a hydrotalcite compound and a sulfite. Filter device.