JP2001294155A - Plumbing system for moving body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently utilize water used in a moving body. SOLUTION: In this system 1, relatively clean drainage discharged from a lavatory sink, a washbowl or the like is reserved temporarily in an intermediate tank 20 to be reused as washing water for a lavatory 50. Clear water reserved in a clear water tank 10 is saved thereby compared with a convetional manner, so as to prolong a time interval for replenishing water to the tank 10. A replenishing time to a rolling stock is shortened or cut as a result thereof, so as to reduce a working cost therefor. A flushing type toilet seat for a western style lavatory, which is not used in a conventional rolling stock, is allowed to be installed by using the constitution of the present invention to enhance service for passengers.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a railway vehicle, a ship,
The present invention relates to a water supply / drainage device for a mobile body for efficiently using water mounted in a mobile body such as an aircraft.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, in a water supply / drainage system for a railway vehicle, water is supplied from a purified water tank for storing purified water to a toilet or washroom using a pneumatic mechanism, an electric pump, or the like. . On the other hand, for drainage, sewage from toilets is collected in a sewage tank through piping,
The mainstream method is to drain the wastewater from the washroom and the handwash as it is outside the vehicle.

[0003]

A railway vehicle is equipped with a water purifying tank for storing water used in toilets, washrooms, food service facilities, and the like. However, since the amount of purified water stored in the purified water tank is fixed, it is necessary to limit the amount of water used for water-consuming equipment so that water is not wasted. On the other hand, it is difficult to dramatically increase the volume of the water purification tank in order to sacrifice the equipment space for equipment and to avoid an increase in vehicle weight due to an increase in the amount of loaded water. This applies not only to railway vehicles, but also to ships, aircraft, and other moving objects.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a water supply / drainage device for a mobile body that efficiently uses water used in the mobile body, thereby improving the operation efficiency of the mobile body and increasing the degree of freedom in equipment configuration within the mobile body. It is an object of the present invention to make it possible to improve services in a mobile body by using saved water.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, a water supply / drainage device for a mobile object according to the present invention (hereinafter, simply referred to as "water supply / drainage device") purifies water used in the mobile object. The purified water tank to be stored, the intermediate tank that temporarily stores relatively clean secondary water from the wastewater generated by using the purified water in this purified water tank, and the purified water in these purified water tanks or the secondary water in the intermediate tank. A water supply means for supplying flush water for flush toilets installed in the moving body, and a water supply switching means for switching a supply source of flush water supplied to the flush toilet by the water supply means between a clean water tank and an intermediate tank. Have.

That is, in the water supply / drainage device, relatively clean wastewater (secondary water) discharged from a washroom or a hand wash installed in a moving body is temporarily stored in an intermediate tank, and this is temporarily washed. The water is reused as washing water. Therefore, the purified water stored in the purified water tank can be saved more than before, and the time interval for refilling the purified water tank can be longer than before. As a result, the time spent by the moving body for replenishing water can be shortened as a whole, and the timetable of the moving body can be set more efficiently than before. This leads to a reduction in the operating cost of the mobile.

[0007] If the time interval for water replenishment is the same as before, the service to the customer can be improved by using the purified water in the water purification tank for a new application. For example, in the case where a washing toilet seat has not been conventionally used in a Western style toilet installed on a moving body, this can be adopted by supplying the washing water from a clean water tank.
In addition, when the purified water is not used for a new use, the purified water tank itself can be configured to be smaller. This leads to space saving or weight reduction of the moving body, and the load on the moving body can be reduced.

[0008] However, since the capacity of the intermediate tank is limited, it is assumed that the amount of washing water is insufficient with only the secondary water stored in the intermediate tank. Therefore, in such a case, the water supply switching means switches the supply source of the wash water to be supplied to the flush toilet from the intermediate tank to the clean water tank side, thereby supplying the wash water.

There are various possible embodiments of the water supply switching means. For example, as described in claim 2, a water level sensor for detecting the water level of the secondary water in the intermediate tank, and a detection state of the water level sensor And a valve mechanism for switching the supply source of the wash water to be supplied to the flush toilet between the clean water tank and the intermediate tank.

In this case, when the water level sensor detects that the water level of the secondary water has dropped to the predetermined first water level, the supply source of the cleaning water is automatically switched from the intermediate tank to the purified water tank. Conversely, when the water level sensor detects that the secondary water level has risen to the second predetermined water level higher than the first water level, the supply source of the cleaning water is automatically transferred from the clean water tank to the intermediate tank. Can be switched. For this reason, secondary water can be used efficiently according to the water level of the intermediate tank.

Further, as a specific embodiment of the water supply means, there may be various embodiments such as an embodiment in which secondary water is supplied from an intermediate tank to a flush toilet via an electric pump. Alternatively, there may be provided a pressure feeding mechanism for feeding secondary water in the intermediate tank to the flush toilet by pressurizing the secondary water with air pressure. As the pneumatic pressure feeding mechanism, a type similar to the type in which the washing water is conventionally pumped from the water purifying tank to the flush toilet by air pressure can be adopted.

[0012] As described above, by adopting the pneumatic pumping method, flush water can be introduced into the flush toilet at a predetermined pressure, and dirt adhering to the toilet can be discharged to the prescribed waste water tank. . Further, although the secondary water discharged from the lavatory or hand washing is relatively clean water, if it is sent to the flush lavatory as it is, garbage that may cause clogging of pipes or the like may be included.

Therefore, it is preferable that the secondary water be introduced into the intermediate tank through a filter for removing dusts. Further, the above-mentioned water supply / drainage device can be employed in various moving bodies such as ships and aircrafts, and is particularly effective when applied to railway vehicles as described in claim 5. This is because, in the case of railway vehicles, restrictions are imposed on the outfitting space for equipment, especially among mobile objects.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, a water supply / drainage device for a mobile body (hereinafter, simply referred to as a "water supply / drainage device") of the present invention is applied to a railway vehicle. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of the water supply / drainage device.

As shown in FIG. 1, a water supply / drainage device 1 mounted on a railway vehicle includes a water purifying tank 10 having a predetermined capacity for storing purified water for use in toilets, washrooms, food facilities, and the like.
And an intermediate tank 20 for temporarily storing relatively clean wastewater (secondary water) among the wastewater generated as a result of using the purified water in the purified water tank 10, and sewage (filtration and washing water) from the toilet. It has a sewage tank 30 for storing.

A pipe connected to the water purifying tank 10 is provided with a washing basin 41, a hand washing machine 43 or a washing toilet seat 51 of a Western style toilet 51.
The first branch 11 is connected to a first path 11 connected to a and the like, and the second path 12 is connected to a Western style toilet 51, a Japanese style toilet 53, a urinal 55 and the like. The purified water in the purified water tank 10 is sent to the first path 11 via the electric pump P1, and the basin 41, the hand-washer 43, or the washing toilet seat 51 disposed at the end thereof.
a. On the other hand, purified water is sent to the second path 12 via the electric pump P1 as necessary, and the Western-style toilet 51 and the Japanese-style toilet 53 arranged at the end of the second path 12 via the three-way valve 29. , And is supplied to the urinal 55 and the like as washing water.

The secondary water discharged from the basin 41 and the hand basin 43 passes through the pipes 41a and 43a, respectively, joins at the connection points of these pipes, and then passes through the filter 27 for removing dust. It is introduced into the intermediate tank 20 and is temporarily stored. And this secondary water is stored in the intermediate tank 2
The water is sent out to the third path 13 by the air pressure generated by the pressure feeding mechanism 25 connected to 0, and is supplied to the Western toilet 51, the Japanese toilet 53, the urinal 55, etc. through the three-way valve 29 as washing water.

The electric pump P1, the three-way valve 29
The pumping mechanism 25 and the like are connected to the control device 15 and operate according to commands from the control device 15. The intermediate tank 20 is provided with a water level sensor 21 for detecting the level of the secondary water stored in the intermediate tank 20, and the water level sensor 21 is connected to the control device 15. The control device 15 receives the signal output from the water level sensor 21 and manages the amount of secondary water in the intermediate tank 20.

That is, the three-way valve 29 is connected to the second path 12
Side, and opened to the third path 13 side, and further, when the pumping mechanism 25 is driven, the washing water is supplied from the intermediate tank 20 to the flush toilet 50.
When the water level sensor 21 detects that the water level of the secondary water has dropped to a predetermined low water level (first water level L1),
The pumping mechanism 25 stops driving, the three-way valve 29 closes the third path 13 and opens to the second path 12 side. Then
The purified water in the purified water tank 10 is supplied to the flush toilet 50 as flush water through the second path 12 by the electric pump P1.
In the meantime, the secondary water discharged from the washbasin 41 or the handwash 43 is accumulated in the intermediate tank 20. And
When it is detected that the water level in the intermediate tank 20 has risen to a predetermined high water level (second water level L2) higher than the first water level L1, the three-way valve 29 closes the second path 12, and again the third path Opened to l3 side. Then, if necessary, the pressure feeding mechanism 25 is driven, and the secondary water in the intermediate tank 20 is sent out to the third path 13, and the flush toilet 50 is again used as the wash water.
Supplied to If the water level in the intermediate tank 20 further rises above the second water level L2, the intermediate tank 2
The valve provided on the drain pipe 23 connected to the upper part of the valve 0 is opened, and the secondary water is discharged outside the vehicle through the drain pipe 23.

On the other hand, as described above, the flush water supplied from the clean water tank 10 or the intermediate tank 20 to each toilet of the flush toilet 50 flows into each toilet at a predetermined pressure, and is discharged together with the waste in the toilet, Pipes 51a connected to each toilet,
The wastewater is stored in the wastewater tank 30 through 53a and 55a.

Hereinafter, the water supply / drainage device 1 configured as described above will be described.
The improvement of the water supply and drainage efficiency due to the above will be described in comparison with a conventional apparatus. FIG. 2 shows a result of analyzing a state of water supply and drainage over time when the water supply and drainage device 1 of the present embodiment is applied to a railway vehicle (Shinkansen: hereinafter simply referred to as “vehicle”), and FIG. The state changes over time are shown. Further, in the following description, it is assumed that the vehicle makes 1.5 round trips per day between Tokyo and Hakata, and indicates the water supply / drainage state during the required 15 hours. However, it is assumed that the Western-style toilet 51 provided in the vehicle of the present embodiment is provided with the above-mentioned flush toilet seat 51a, whereas the conventional vehicle is not provided with the flush toilet seat 51a.

In the figure, the shaded region rising to the right indicates the purified water amount (l) in the purified water tank 10. The dotted area indicates the amount (1) of sewage in the sewage tank 30, and the fine dotted area indicates the amount of filth and the coarse dotted area indicates the amount of washing water. Further, the shaded area on the lower right indicates the amount of secondary water discharged outside the vehicle. In addition, there is no overlapping portion in each of these areas, and each capacity (accumulated amount such as water amount) at each time point is indicated by an absolute value in the vertical direction of each area.

First, a water supply / drainage pattern of a conventional vehicle will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the figure, the vehicle is equipped with a water purification tank 10 having a tank capacity of 650 l and a sewage tank 30 having a tank capacity of 870 l. Then, the purified water filled in the purified water tank 10 at the start of operation (Tokyo) is used as wash water in the washroom or hand wash, etc., and further in the flush toilet 50, and gradually decreases. On the other hand, the sewage (filtration and washing water) discharged from the flush toilet 50 is stored in the sewage tank 30. The secondary water discharged from the lavatory or hand washing is discharged outside the vehicle.

Then, when 10 hours have passed since the start of the operation, the purified water amount in the purified water tank 10 becomes almost 0, and at this time (one round trip: Tokyo), the purified water tank 10 is refilled. Thus, the purified water tank 10 is filled with purified water again, and the water supply and drainage is performed in the same manner as when the operation of the vehicle started.

As can be seen from the figure, at the lapse of 15 hours (1.5 round trips: Hakata), the amount of sewage stored in the sewage tank 30 and the amount of secondary water discharged outside the vehicle during that time are almost the same. Are equal. Next, a water supply / drainage pattern of the vehicle according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in the figure, the vehicle is equipped with a water purification tank 10 having a tank capacity of 650 liters and a sewage tank 30 having a tank capacity of 870 liters as in the conventional embodiment. The purified water filled in the purified water tank 10 at the start of operation (Tokyo) is used as a washroom or a handwash, and also as a flush toilet seat 51a of the flush toilet 50 or flush water of the toilet, and gradually decreases. On the other hand, in the intermediate tank 20, the secondary water discharged from the lavatory or hand washing is accumulated,
When the amount of water exceeds the second water level L2, the flush toilet 50 is supplied with flush water as flush water. The sewage (sewage and washing water) discharged from the flush toilet 50 is stored in the sewage tank 30. Also, of the secondary water discharged from the lavatory or hand washing and introduced into the intermediate tank 20, the drain pipe 23 connected to the upper part of the intermediate tank 20 when the water level exceeds the second water level L2. The secondary water discharged to the vehicle is discharged outside the vehicle.

From the figure, it can be seen from the figure that the secondary water is used as the flush water for the flush toilet 50 by adopting the water supply / drainage device 1 of this embodiment. It can be seen that the amount of purified water does not become zero until the time elapses, that is, until the operation ends (1.5 round trips: Hakata). Therefore, as in the conventional embodiment,
There is no need to refill the water purification tank 10 during operation. In addition, 15 hours after the start of operation (1.5 round trip:
In Hakata), it can be seen that the amount of sewage stored in the sewage tank 30 increases and the amount of secondary water discharged outside the vehicle during that time decreases, compared to the conventional mode. This is only because a part of the secondary water flows into the sewage tank 30 after being used for flushing the toilet. However, since the total amount of the sewage is still within the range of the capacity of the sewage tank 30, no problem has occurred.

As described above, in the water supply / drainage device 1 of the present embodiment, relatively clean wastewater (secondary water) discharged from a washroom, hand washing, or the like is temporarily stored in the intermediate tank 20, and is stored in the intermediate tank 20. The water is reused as the washing water of the flush toilet 50. For this reason, the purified water stored in the purified water tank 10 can be saved more than before, and the time interval for refilling the purified water tank 10 can be longer than before. As a result, the time for refilling the vehicle can be shortened or cut, and the operation cost can be reduced.

By adopting such a configuration,
As described above, a washing toilet seat for a Western-style toilet, which has not been conventionally installed in a vehicle, can be installed, and the service to the user can be improved. In the above embodiment, the control device 15 and the pressure feeding mechanism 25 correspond to the water supply means, and the control device 15 and the three-way valve 29 correspond to the water supply switching means.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and may take various forms within the technical scope of the present invention. Needless to say. For example, in the above-described embodiment, an example is shown in which the water supply / drainage device 1 for a mobile object of the present invention is applied to a railway vehicle. However, the water supply / drainage device 1 can also be applied to a ship, an aircraft, and other mobile objects.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of an entire system to which a water supply / drainage device for a mobile body according to the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a water supply / drainage mode by the mobile object water supply / drainage device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a water supply / drainage mode by a conventional mobile body water supply / drainage facility.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Water supply / drainage device for mobile bodies 10 ... Water purification tank P1 ... Electric pump 15 ... Control device
20: intermediate tank, 21: water level sensor, 25
... Pressure feed mechanism, 27 ... Filter, 29 ... Three-way valve, 30 ... Sewage tank, 41 ... Wash basin, 43 ... Hand basin, 50 ... Wash toilet

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor, Yukihiro Senba 3-chome, Nihonbashi Honcho 3-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Inside Tokai Transportation Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Goshi Kobayashi 3-chome, Nihonbashi Honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo No. 1-8 Tokai Kotsu Kikai Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshikazu Yamawaki 1-2-2 Ekimae-dori, Hyogo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo F-term in Gokou Mfg. Co., Ltd. (Reference) 2D039 AC09 DA01 4D064 AA01 AA40 BA21 BK01

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A water purification tank mounted on a moving body for storing purified water used in the moving body, and temporarily cleans relatively clean secondary water out of waste water generated by using the purified water in the water purification tank. An intermediate tank for temporarily storing the purified water of the water purification tank or the secondary water of the intermediate tank,
Water supply means for supplying flush water for flush toilets installed in the moving body, and water supply switching for switching a supply source of flush water supplied to the flush toilet by the water supply means between the clean water tank and the intermediate tank. Means, and a water supply / drainage device for a mobile object, comprising: 2. The water supply switching means, comprising: a water level sensor for detecting a water level of secondary water in the intermediate tank; and a first water level sensor for determining a water level of the secondary water in advance by the water level sensor.
When it is detected that the water level has dropped to the water level, the supply source of the cleaning water is switched from the intermediate tank to the water purification tank, while the water level sensor makes the secondary water level higher than the first water level. 2. A valve mechanism for switching a supply source of the washing water from the purified water tank to the intermediate tank when it is detected that the water level has risen to a high predetermined second water level. Plumbing equipment for mobile objects. 3. The water supply device according to claim 1, wherein the water supply means includes a pressure feeding mechanism that pressurizes the secondary water in the intermediate tank with air pressure to feed water to the flush toilet. Plumbing equipment for mobile objects. 4. The water supply / drainage device according to claim 1, wherein the secondary water is introduced into the intermediate tank via a filter for removing dust. 5. The water supply / drainage device for a moving body according to claim 1, wherein the moving body is a railcar.