JP2001287641A - Air spring for rolling stock - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air spring using no sliding member and holding an inner cylinder and a guide at a predetermined interval so that a horizontal relative displacement of the inner cylinder and an upper plate is preventable even when a horizontal relative displacement occurs between a body and a truck for preventing buckling. SOLUTION: In a rolling stock, this air spring 2 is combined with a coil spring and interposed between the body and the truck for composing an air spring mechanism 1. It is provided with the upper plate 3 positioned in a body side, the inner cylinder 5 having a spring rest part 6 holding an end part of the coil spring 11 in a space with the truck, and a diaphragm 7 sealing a space between the upper plate 3 and an outer circumferential rim end part of the inner cylinder 5 for forming an air chamber 9. The guide 13 penetrating the air chamber 9 and reaching an interior of the coil spring 11 is erected on the upper plate 5, and a laminated rubber member 14 with a highly rigid member and a rubber layer laminated in a diametral direction is provided between the guide 13 and the inner cylinder 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air spring interposed between a bogie of a railway vehicle and a vehicle body, and more specifically to a railway suitable for a so-called frameless bogie having no frame (bogie frame). The present invention relates to a vehicle air spring (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as an air spring).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A bolsterless bogie has conventionally been used as a bogie in a railway car, and an air spring having a structure suitable for a bolsterless bogie is used between a vehicle body and a frame of the bogie.

[0003] In recent years, the weight of vehicles has been further reduced for the purpose of reducing energy consumption and the like, and the weight of trucks has also been reduced. The bolsterless trolley has a structure that does not have a pillow compared to a conventional bolster-equipped trolley, so at least the weight of the pillow is lightened, but it still has a heavy frame. . Therefore, removing the frame from the bolsterless bogie greatly contributes to the reduction of bogie weight.

A frameless bogie has been studied as a bogie having such a structure. In a frameless bogie, an air spring mechanism is provided near each wheel of an axle equipped with two wheels. Therefore, the air spring mechanism is required to be formed so that it can be attached to a narrow portion, and to withstand relatively large horizontal displacement of the lower end portion and the upper end portion that occurs when traveling on a curved portion. Is done.

[0005] As an air spring mechanism that is a suspension mechanism suitable for such a frameless bogie, it is conceivable to use an air spring mechanism in which a coil spring and an air spring are arranged in series in this order on the bogie. An example is shown in FIG.

[0006] The air spring mechanism 41 is mounted on a truck.
A coil spring 11 fixed with the same axis and an air spring 42 mounted on the coil spring 11;
The vehicle body is mounted on the air spring 42. Air spring 42
Is composed of an upper plate 43, an inner cylinder 44 having a spring rest portion for receiving an end of the coil spring 11, and a diaphragm 7 connecting the upper plate 43 and the periphery of the inner cylinder 44. Inner cylinder 44 and diaphragm 7
Forms an air chamber 9. The upper surface plate 43 is fitted and attached to the mounting portion of the vehicle body at the convex portion.

The above-described air spring mechanism is excellent in that the diameter is relatively small, but when the train passes through a curve, the vehicle body where the upper part of the air spring 42 is fixed and the lower end of the coil spring 11 are fixed. When a relative displacement occurs in the horizontal direction between the carts, the upper plate 43 and the inner cylinder 44 cannot maintain a parallel state, and the inner cylinder 44 tilts, and the coil spring 1
1 is subjected to bending stress. When the relative displacement exceeds the limit, a problem occurs that the air spring system 41 buckles as shown in FIG. 4B. Moreover, in the frameless bogie, as described above, the space for the air spring mechanism is limited and the outer diameter of the coil spring cannot be increased, so the ratio of the height of the coil spring to the outer diameter is large, and the allowable limit of the displacement is compared. This is a very small situation, which is disadvantageous for buckling.

As means for avoiding such a situation, as shown in FIG. 5, a guide 63 extending inside the coil spring 11 is erected on the upper plate 53 of the air spring 51 in the direction opposite to the vehicle body mounting portion, and An air chamber 59 is formed by an inner cylinder 55 having a spring rest portion for receiving the upper end of the inner cylinder 11, an upper plate 53, a diaphragm 57 and a seal diaphragm 58, and a sliding member is provided between the inner surface of the inner cylinder 55 and the guide 63. A technology is conceivable in which the upper surface plate 53 and the inner cylinder 55 are arranged in the coaxial core direction by interposing the upper surface plate 60.

[0009]

However, in the suspension mechanism having the above-described structure, when a relative displacement occurs between the vehicle body and the bogie, such as when the train passes through a curve as described above, the air spring mechanism is not provided. A force acts to generate a relative displacement in the horizontal direction between the upper surface plate 53 and the inner cylinder 55. In this case, the opposing surfaces of the upper surface plate 53 and the inner cylinder 55 are always parallel and do not cause displacement in the horizontal direction, and the coil spring 11 undergoes shear deformation to prevent buckling.
At that time, sliding occurs between the sliding member 60 and the guide 63. As a result, the sliding member 60 is worn due to use, and the periodic replacement of the sliding member 60 is required. Replacing a sliding member incorporated in an air spring mounted on a vehicle is a time-consuming and labor-intensive operation, and requires an air spring composed of parts that do not wear due to sliding. An object of the present invention is to hold an inner cylinder and a guide at a predetermined interval, and therefore, when a relative displacement occurs between a vehicle body and a bogie, a horizontal relative displacement between an upper surface plate and an inner cylinder can be prevented, and an air spring is provided. An object of the present invention is to provide an air spring in which a mechanism does not buckle and does not use a sliding member.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an air spring for a railway vehicle, which is interposed between a vehicle body and a bogie in a railway vehicle in combination with a coil spring, and constitutes an air spring mechanism. An inner cylinder having a spring rest portion for holding an end of the coil spring between the upper plate and the carriage; and an air chamber formed by sealing between the upper plate and the outer peripheral edge of the inner cylinder. A guide is provided on the upper surface plate, which penetrates through the air chamber and reaches the inside of the coil spring. A highly rigid member and a rubber layer are laminated radially between the guide and the inner cylinder. The laminated rubber member provided is provided.

The laminated rubber member has a high compression elastic modulus in the laminating direction and holds the inner cylinder and the guide at a predetermined interval, so that the axial center of the upper plate and the inner cylinder is prevented from being shifted. As a result, the air spring mechanism is provided. Buckling is prevented. On the other hand, in the parallel direction of the laminated high-rigidity members, the elastic modulus is low due to the shear deformation of the rubber layer, and the relative movement between the guide and the inner cylinder that occurs based on the horizontal movement of the vehicle body and the bogie is reduced. Allow. In addition, since there is no sliding member, abrasion due to sliding does not occur, and the maintenance burden on the vehicle can be reduced.

It is preferable that seal members are provided between the laminated rubber member and the guide and between the laminated rubber member and the inner cylinder.

Although a seal diaphragm may be provided between the inner cylinder and the guide as in the example of FIG. 5 described above, a separate seal diaphragm must be manufactured and a structure for holding a bead portion of the seal diaphragm is provided. Is also necessary. By using a seal member such as an O-ring, the guide and the inner cylinder can be sealed easily and at low cost, and the assembly of the air spring is relatively simple and preferable.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a preferred example of an air spring mechanism using the air spring of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows an enlarged part of the air spring shown in FIG. The air spring 2 that constitutes the air spring mechanism 1 includes an upper plate 3, a substantially cylindrical inner cylinder 5 having a spring rest portion 6 that accommodates the upper end of the coil spring 11, and an outer peripheral edge of the upper plate 3 and the inner cylinder 5. It comprises a diaphragm 7 which seals the space to form an air chamber 9.

The upper plate 3 has a projecting portion 3a fitted to an air spring mounting portion at the lower part of the vehicle body and a coil spring 11 from the space of the inner cylinder.
A guide 13 is provided upright so as to reach the inside of the upper part. The laminated rubber member 1 is provided between the guide 13 and the inner cylinder.
4 are interposed. The air spring 2 is fixed to the vehicle body by fitting the protrusion 3a into a fixing portion formed on the vehicle body side.

As the diaphragm 7, a diaphragm used for a known air spring can be used, and is usually a film in which a fiber layer and rubber are combined. The upper edge of the diaphragm 7 is sandwiched and fixed at the bead 8a by the upper surface plate 3 and the fixing bracket 19, and the lower edge is the upper surface of the inner cylinder 5 and the bead suppressing member 1
It is pinched and fixed at 5.

The upper plate 3 is provided with an air flow hole 4 extending from the end face of the projection 3a to the guide 13 and leading to the air chamber 9. When the air in the air chamber flows through the air flow holes 4, an anti-vibration effect is exerted particularly against vertical vibration. The coil spring 11 has a function of absorbing the vertical vibration and the horizontal vibration.

The laminated rubber member 14 is, in this example,
It is composed of three metal plate layers, which are high-rigidity members, and two rubber layers. That is, the first metal plate layer 21a to be inserted into the guide 13, the third metal plate layer 21c in contact with the inner cylinder 5, and the second metal plate layer 21b provided therebetween, the first metal plate layer 21a and the second metal plate layer 21a. The first provided between the metal plate layer 21b
Rubber layer 22a, second metal plate layer 21b and third metal plate layer 21
The laminated rubber member 14 is composed of the second rubber layer 22b provided between the second rubber layer 22b and the second rubber layer 22c.

The laminated rubber member 14 may be a more laminated body. With just two metal plates and one rubber layer,
The compression modulus is not sufficient.

The first metal plate layer 21a on the outer peripheral surface of the guide 13
A groove for mounting an O-ring 17a, which is a sealing member, is provided at two places on the contact surface with the outer peripheral surface of the third metal plate layer to seal between the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 5 and the outer peripheral surface of the third metal plate layer. Also, two O-rings 17b as sealing members are provided. Thereby, the seal between the inner cylinder and the guide is performed,
An air chamber 9 is formed. In this example, two O-rings 17 are provided at each of the inner circumference and the outer circumference of the laminated rubber member 14. However, the number of O-rings 17 may be one or three or more. Is also good.

The mounting example of the laminated rubber member 1 is as follows. The guide 13 is reduced in diameter to form a step p, and the first metal plate layer 21a constituting the laminated rubber member is inserted into the guide so that the edge of the first metal plate layer 21a contacts the step p.
The guide-side fixing member 16 is fixed while being held down by the contact portion 16T. The third metal plate layer 21 c is brought into contact with a projection 18 provided at the end of the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 5, and is held down by a fixing portion 19 provided on the inner peripheral side of the bead suppressing member 15, whereby the third metal plate layer 21 c is pinched.
Fix it. The bead suppressing member 15 may be a simple disk. The bead suppressing member is fixed by a nut N using, for example, a screw formed at an end of the guide 13.

FIG. 3 shows a shape in which the air spring mechanism using the air spring of the present invention causes a relative displacement in the horizontal direction between the upper plate 3 and the lower end of the coil spring 11.

In the air spring mechanism of the present invention, the elastic modulus of the laminated rubber member 13 in the direction parallel to the laminating direction of the high-rigidity members, ie, the elastic modulus of the shear deformation is determined by the elastic modulus of the air spring body and the coil spring. Is also set higher. The laminated rubber member 13 does not prevent the vibration of the vehicle, but applies a force for causing a relative displacement in the horizontal direction generated between the upper surface plate and the inner cylinder generated when the vehicle runs on a curve or the like. The purpose is to absorb the displacement between the inner cylinder and the guide when absorbing the deformation.

The high-rigidity member constituting the laminated rubber portion member 14 is preferably a metal plate as in the above example, but is not limited to this. Fiber-reinforced members such as glass fiber-reinforced unsaturated polyester resin It may be made of resin. Examples of the metal include iron, stainless steel, and aluminum.

The laminated rubber member 14 can be manufactured by a known method. That is, it is most preferable to dispose the members constituting the metal plate layer in the mold at predetermined intervals, fill the mold cavity with the unvulcanized rubber material, vulcanize it, and simultaneously bond it to the metal plate layer. A known adhesive or primer can be used for bonding the metal layer and the rubber layer.

The rubber layer is preferably formed in a cross-sectionally curved shape as shown by r in FIG. 2 at a portion close to the metal plate layer, so as to avoid destruction due to stress concentration.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of an air spring mechanism using an air spring with a laminated rubber member interposed.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing the vicinity of an air chamber of an air spring.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state in which the air spring mechanism of the present invention has undergone shear deformation.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a conventional air spring mechanism.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an improved product of a conventional air spring mechanism using a sliding member for the air spring.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air spring mechanism 2 Air spring 3 Top plate 5 Inner cylinder 6 Spring rest part 7 Diaphragm 9 Air chamber 11 Coil spring 13 Guide 14 Laminated rubber member

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F16F 15/04 F16F 15/04 A (72) Inventor Toru Konokawa 2-20 Honohara, Toyokawa, Aichi, Japan F-term (reference) in Vehicle Manufacturing Co., Ltd. 3J048 AA02 BA08 BC02 BE02 CB05 DA04 EA36 3J059 AC05 BA01 BA43 BA60 BB02 GA03 3J069 AA28 CC02 DD03

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An air spring, which is interposed between a vehicle body and a bogie in a railroad vehicle in combination with a coil spring and constitutes an air spring mechanism, between an upper surface plate located on the vehicle body side and the bogie. An inner cylinder having a spring rest portion that holds an end of the coil spring, and a diaphragm that seals between the outer peripheral edge of the upper cylinder and the inner cylinder to form an air chamber, wherein the upper chamber includes the air chamber. A guide is provided for standing up to the inside of the coil spring penetrating therethrough, and a laminated rubber member in which a highly rigid member and a rubber layer are laminated in the radial direction is provided between the guide and the inner cylinder. Air spring. 2. The air spring for a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein seal members are provided between the laminated rubber member and the guide, and between the laminated rubber member and the inner cylinder.