JP2001283253A - Game device and information storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a game device, etc., to facilitate movement about before and after collision of objects in a 3D game. SOLUTION: A spherical model is included in a given object in the three- dimensional space. Then the movement about the collision of the objects are approximated by calculating the movement about the collision between the spherical models.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a game apparatus for executing a given game by displaying an image in a three-dimensional space viewed from a given viewpoint.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a game apparatus that executes a given game (hereinafter, referred to as a 3D game) using a three-dimensional virtual space as a game space, how to determine a hit check between objects in a three-dimensional space. -One problem is whether to judge. That is, it is necessary to determine whether or not the objects are in contact with each other based on the operation speed and the operation direction for each polygon forming the object. The time required for the determination needs to be within a given time interval of one frame required for the display unit to display one screen.

[0003] Due to the time limit, for example, an object having a simple shape such as a pillar or a rectangular parallelepiped can accurately judge the hit check. However, it is not possible to accurately determine which part of an object has come into contact with something with a complicated shape, such as a punch or kick in a fighting action game or a collision between racing car objects in a racing game. Have difficulty.

For this reason, various methods have been devised as hit check methods. For example, JP-A-9-239
No. 151 discloses one hit check method in a fighting action game. According to this method, a hit check is performed based on whether a sphere defined by the position coordinates (x, y, z) of the fist of the character and the radius r intersects the enemy character.

[0005]

However, in the above conventional method, hit check itself is not performed.
It is possible to judge at a high speed to some extent, but hit (contact) such as which part touched and how it affects the motion of the object after touching
It is not possible to judge the movement of the object before and after the movement.

[0006] It is an object of the present invention to provide a game device or the like that facilitates the motion of an object in a 3D game before and after a collision.

[0007]

In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 executes a given game by displaying an image in a three-dimensional space viewed from a given viewpoint. In the game device, a substantially spherical model (for example, the sphere models B1 to B3 in FIG. 1A) is virtually added to a given object (for example, the pin object in FIG. 1A) in the three-dimensional space. It is characterized in that the motion when the given object collides is expressed based on the motion of the substantially spherical model.

The invention according to claim 8 displays an image in a three-dimensional space viewed from a given viewpoint,
An information storage medium storing information for executing a given game, the information being for virtually including a substantially spherical model in a given object in the three-dimensional space;
And information for expressing the motion when the given object collides, based on the motion of the approximately spherical model.

According to the first or eighth aspect of the present invention, the motion of the object can be replaced with the motion of the substantially spherical model, so that the motion related to the collision of the object can be easily calculated. That is, as long as the collision occurs between substantially spherical bodies, the same calculation formula is valid regardless of the collision, so that the collision calculation can be easily performed. Therefore, it is possible to extremely easily determine and process the motion related to the collision of a given object. Further, in the game device, since the time interval for generating the game image is limited, this processing is particularly suitable.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the game device according to the first aspect, a plurality of substantially spherical models are virtually included in the given object, and each of the plurality of substantially spherical models is provided. It may be configured to express the motion when the given object collides based on the motion.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since a plurality of substantially spherical models can be included in accordance with the size of a given object or the like, the calculation of the motion related to the collision between the objects can be further improved. Can be done accurately.

Further, as in the third aspect of the present invention, the motion of the substantially spherical model in the game device according to the first or second aspect may be approximated as a linear motion at given time intervals.

According to the third aspect of the invention, the motion of the substantially spherical model can be approximated to a linear motion.
The calculation relating to the collision can be performed more efficiently and faster.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the game device according to any one of the first to third aspects, the substantially spherical model may have a size conforming to the shape of the given object. .

According to the present invention, the motion related to the collision of the object is approximated by the motion of the substantially spherical model.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, for example, the position and size of the substantially spherical model are adjusted to the contour of the object, so that the collision position of the object can be more accurately approximated.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the game apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the given object is a rotating body, and a center position of the substantially spherical model is the given object. It may be configured to be on the rotation center line of the object.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the object is a rotating body and the center position of the substantially spherical model is on the rotation center line, the position and the size of the substantially spherical model are changed to the shape of the object. Easy to match,
In addition, the motion of the object can be more accurately approximated.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the game apparatus according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the given object may be a substantially rod-shaped body.
Like the invention according to claim 7, in the game device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the given object may be a bowling pin object.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following, 3D
As a game, a bowling game will be described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this.

First, the principle of the present invention will be described. According to the principle of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1A, ball models B1, B2, and B3 are included in a bowling pin object (hereinafter, simply referred to as a pin object), and the movement of the pin object is represented by a ball model. In addition to the motions of B1, B2, and B3, as shown in FIG. 1B, the motion of the sphere model between frames is calculated as a linear motion. In a bowling game, there are usually ten pin objects, but each pin object has three.
By calculating the motion of a total of 30 sphere models in order to include three sphere models, interference between the pin objects, such as a collision between the pin objects and a rebound after the collision, is expressed.

Therefore, the motion of the sphere model will be described.
You. Now, as shown in FIG.₁,radius
To r₁Sphere model A10 has velocity vector v₁As luck
Move, center to initial position A_Two, Radius r_TwoSphere model A
20 is the velocity vector v_TwoExercise as. This and
The center position of the sphere model A10 after one frame
₁', The center position of the sphere model A20 is A_TwoIf ´, the line
Minute A₁-A₁点 the point (l₁, M ₁, N₁) And line segment A_Two-A_Two
点 the point (l_Two, M_Two, N_Two) Satisfies the following equation (1)
In this case, the sphere models A10 and A20 collide.

(Equation 1)

The initial position difference vector A, the speed difference vector V, and the sum R of the radii are expressed by the following equation (2).
(X, y, z)
By substituting equation (2) into equation (1), equation (3) is obtained.

[0023]

(Equation 2)

(Equation 3)

That is, by substituting the position, radius, and velocity vector of the sphere model into equation (3), the collision time t is determined. By obtaining this calculation for each sphere model constituting the pin object and for each time of one frame, it is possible to determine whether or not the pin object collides by the next frame and determine the hit check. .

Next, the impulse when two sphere models collide will be described. Now, as shown in FIG. 3, the sphere model m collides at the velocity v ₁ and the sphere model M collides at the velocity V ₁ , and the velocity of the sphere model m becomes v ₂ and the velocity of the sphere model M becomes V ₂ . Consider the case. The equation relating to the speed when the rebound coefficient is e is equation (4).

(Equation 4)

Here, for the sake of simplicity, the following equation (5) holds, assuming that the rebound coefficient is “1”, the mass of the sphere model M is M, and the mass of the sphere model m is m.

(Equation 5)

Therefore, the velocity V after the collision of the spherical model M
₂ and the velocity v ₂ after the collision of the sphere model m are given by equation (6).

(Equation 6)

The force F applied to the sphere model M by the collision is expressed by the following equation (7), and the force f applied to the sphere model m is expressed by the following equation (8).

(Equation 7)

That is, if the velocity of the ball model before the collision and the rebound coefficient are known, the velocity after the collision can be obtained.

Further, although three sphere models are inherent in the pin object, the weight of the colliding sphere model is changed as follows. That is, as shown in FIG.
3, when m1 collides at an angle θ, the spherical model m
Let 1 be the mass of m ₁ + (m ₂ + m ₃ ) × S. Here, m ₁ , m ₂ , and m ₃ are spherical model m
1, the mass of each of m2 and m3, and S = sin θ
It is.

As described above, the mass of the sphere model m2 or m3 according to the collision angle can be added to the mass of the sphere model m1 colliding, and it is approximated as a more accurate calculation of the collision of the pin object. Can be.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of functional blocks according to the present embodiment. The functional blocks according to the present embodiment include an operation unit 10, a processing unit 20, a display unit 30, and an information storage medium 40. It is composed of

The operation section 10 is for the player to input operation data, and its function can be realized by hardware such as levers, buttons, and a housing. Also,
When a button or the like is pressed, an operation signal is sent to the processing unit 20.
Output to

The processing section 20 arranges an object including a pin object in an object space based on the operation signal and a game program 42 or the like stored in the information storage medium 40 for executing a bowling game. A process for generating an image at a given viewpoint in the object space is performed. The function of the processing unit 20 is as follows.
It can be realized by hardware such as ISC type, RISC type), DSP, ASIC (gate array and the like), and memory.

The processing section 20 includes a game calculation section 210 and an image generation section 250. The game calculation unit 210
Game progress processing, processing to determine the viewpoint position and gaze direction,
A process of arranging various objects such as a bowling ball object and a pin object in an object space, a hit check process of a pin object, and the like are performed.

The image generation unit 250 includes a game calculation unit 210
Is performed to generate an image at a given viewpoint in the object space set by. The image generated by the image generation unit 250 is displayed on the display unit 30.

The game calculation section 210 includes a pin object placement section 212 and a movement calculation section 214.

The motion calculation unit 214 determines the position of the current pin object, that is, the position, size, weight, etc. of the sphere model included in the pin object, within the time required to draw the next frame. Then, it is determined whether any ball model (pin object) collides (hits), and if it collides (hits), the momentum and the motion direction are calculated.

Specifically, the motion calculation section 214 first determines hit check according to the flowchart of FIG. The flowchart in FIG. 6 is a processing flow for determining a hit check between two pin objects I and J. By performing the same processing between all the pin objects, the hit check of all the pin objects is performed. Can be.

In FIG. 6, first, the motion calculation unit 214
Sets the constant t, which is the drawing time until the next frame, to "1.
After setting it to "0" (step A1), the variables i, j, m, and n are cleared to 0, and then "1" is added to the variable i (step A1).
2) Add "1" to the variable j (step A3).

Next, the i existing in the pin object I
The collision time between the j-th sphere model and the j-th sphere model included in the pin object J is calculated based on the equation (3), and is substituted into the variable S (step A4). Then, it is determined whether the value of S is smaller than the value of t (step A).
5) If the value is small, the value of S is substituted for variable t, the value of i is substituted for variable m, and the value of j is substituted for variable n (step A).
6).

After the processing in step A6 or when it is determined in step A5 that the variable j is not small, it is determined whether or not the variable j is "3".
The process proceeds to step A8, and if not “3”, the variable j
After adding "1" to the process, the process proceeds to the process of step A4 (step A7).

In step A8, it is determined whether or not the variable i is "3".
After adding "1" to the variable i, the process proceeds to step A3, and if it is "3", the process ends (step A8).

By the processing in FIG. 6, it is possible to detect that the m-th sphere model of the pin object I and the n-th sphere model of the pin object J hit at time t. After performing a hit check between the pin objects, the motion calculation unit 214 calculates using the equations (6) and (8), thereby obtaining the motion between the colliding sphere models, that is, the motion between the colliding pin objects. Calculate exercise.

The pin object arranging section 212 calculates the next game image calculated by the motion calculating section 214, that is, the position of the pin object (ball model) one frame after, and the pin object data stored in the information storage medium 40. Based on 46, processing for arranging ten pin objects in the object space is performed.

Although the motion calculation unit 214 has been described as calculating only the motion between the pin objects, the same processing is actually performed for a bowling ball object. Since the ball object is a sphere, the same processing can be performed by calculating as if it were one sphere model.

The information storage medium 40 stores, in addition to the game program 42 relating to the bowling game, object data 44 including pin object data 46, and data such as game default values. Further, the pin object data 46 includes data 462 relating to the position, number, size, weight, and the like of the underlying sphere model. The function of the information storage medium 40 can be realized by hardware such as a CD-ROM, a game cassette, an IC card, an MO, an FD, a DVD, a hard disk, and a memory. The processing unit 100 performs various processes based on the program and data read from the information storage medium 40.

Next, processing according to the game program 42 read and executed by the game calculation section 210 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a processing example of the present embodiment.

In FIG. 7, first, the pin object arranging section 212 arranges the pin object at the initial position of the pin object in the object space based on the pin object data 44 and the like (step S).
1). Next, the pin objects collide with each other or the ball objects with the pin objects due to a bowling ball object or the like.
Calculates the motion of the pin object including the ball object until the next frame by performing the above-described processing of FIG. 6 and the like (step S2).

Next, based on the calculation result in step S2, the pin object placement unit 212 rearranges the pin object in the object space (step S2).
3). Next, the game calculation unit 210 determines whether or not to draw the next frame, and performs steps S <b> 2 to S <b> 2 until drawing of the next frame related to the motion of the pin object is completed.
The process of S3 is repeatedly executed (Step S4).

As described above, since the motion related to the collision of the bowling pin object can be approximated by the motion of the ball model inherent in the pin object, the appearance of the collision of the pin in the bowling game can be made more realistic. Can be expressed.

Next, an example of a hardware configuration capable of realizing the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the device shown in FIG.
AM1004, information storage medium 1006, sound generation IC10
08, image generation IC 1010, I / O port 1012,
1014 are connected to each other via a system bus 1016 so that data can be input and output. And the image generation IC 10
10 is connected to a display 1018, and a sound generation IC
A speaker 1020 is connected to 1008, a control device 1022 is connected to the I / O port 1012,
A communication device 1024 is connected to the I / O port 1014.

The information storage medium 1006 mainly stores programs, image data for expressing a display object, sound data, play data, and the like. For example, in a home game apparatus, a CD-ROM, a game cassette, a DVD, or the like is used as an information storage medium for storing a game program or the like, and a memory card or the like is used as an information storage medium for storing play data. In the arcade game machine, a memory such as a ROM or a hard disk is used. In this case, the information storage medium 1006 is the ROM 1002.
In the present embodiment, in addition to the game program 42, object data 44 is stored in an information storage medium constituted by a removable CD-ROM.

The control device 1022 corresponds to a game controller, an operation panel, or the like, and is a device for inputting a result of a determination made by a user in accordance with the progress of a game to the main body of the device.

The program stored in the information storage medium 1006, the system program (initialization information of the apparatus main body) stored in the ROM 1002, the control apparatus 102
CPU 1000 according to a signal input by
Controls the entire apparatus and performs various data processing. RAM10
Reference numeral 04 denotes storage means used as a work area or the like of the CPU 1000. The information storage medium 1006 and the ROM 10
02, or the calculation result of the CPU 1000 or the like is stored.

Further, this type of device includes a sound generation IC 100
8 and an image generating IC 1010 are provided so that a suitable output of game sounds and game images can be performed.
The sound generation IC 1008 includes the information storage medium 1006 and the ROM 1
This is an integrated circuit that generates game sounds such as sound effects and background music based on the information stored in 002, and the generated game sounds are output by the speaker 1020. The image generation IC 1010 includes a RAM 1004,
An integrated circuit that generates pixel information to be output to the display 1018 based on image information sent from the ROM 1002, the information storage medium 1006, and the like. The display 1018 is intended to include a display device such as a CRT, an LCD, a TV, a plasma display, and a projector.

The communication device 1024 exchanges various kinds of information used inside the game device with the outside. The communication device 1024 is connected to another game device to transmit and receive given information according to the game program, and to perform communication. It is used for transmitting and receiving information such as a game program via a line.

Various processes such as a game and other viewpoint setting process are performed by an information storage medium 1006 storing a game program 42 and object data 44, a CPU 1000 operating according to the program, an image generation IC
1010, a sound generation IC 1008, and the like.
Note that the processing performed by the image generation IC 1010, the sound generation IC 1008, and the like may be performed by software using the CPU 1000, a general-purpose DSP, or the like.

FIG. 9A shows an example in which the present embodiment is applied to an arcade game system. The player enjoys the game by operating the lever 1102, the button 1104, and the like while watching the game image projected on the display 1100. Various processors, various memories, and the like are mounted on a built-in system board (circuit board) 1106. The information (program, data) for executing each means of the present invention is stored in the system board 11.
06 is stored in a memory 1108 which is an information storage medium. Hereinafter, this information is referred to as storage information.

FIG. 9B shows an example in which the present embodiment is applied to a home game system. The player enjoys the game by operating the game controllers 1202 and 1204 while watching the game image projected on the display 1200. In this case, the stored information is stored in a CD (DVD) 1 which is an information storage medium detachable from the main system.
206 or a memory card 1208, 1209, or the like.

FIG. 9C shows a host device 1300, a host device 1300 and a network 1302 (LAN
1304 connected via a small-scale network such as the Internet or a wide-area network such as the Internet.
1 shows an example in which the present embodiment is applied to a system including 1 to 1304-n. In this case, the storage information is, for example, a magnetic disk device that can be controlled by the host device 1300,
It is stored in an information storage medium 1306 such as a magnetic tape device and a memory. When the terminals 1304-1 to 1304-n are capable of generating a game image and a game sound in a stand-alone manner, a game program for generating a game image and a game sound is transmitted from the host device 1300 to the terminal 1304-n. 1 to 1304-n. on the other hand,
If it cannot be generated standalone, the host device 1
300 generates a game image and a game sound, and
By transmitting the data to the terminals 304-1 to 1304-n, the data is output at the terminal.

In the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 9C, each means of the present invention may be executed in a distributed manner between a host device (server) and a terminal. Further, the storage information for executing each unit of the present invention may be stored separately in an information storage medium of a host device (server) and an information storage medium of a terminal.

The terminal connected to the network may be a home game system or an arcade game system. When the arcade game system is connected to a network, the portable information storage device is capable of exchanging information with the arcade game system and exchanging information with the home game system. (A memory card, a portable game device) may be used.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the contents of the above embodiment, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, as shown in FIG. 1A, three spherical models B1 to B
3 has been illustrated and described as being inherent in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 10A, five sphere models C1 to C5 may be included, or as shown in FIG. 10B, two sphere models D1 to D2 may be included. The more the ball models, the more accurate the motion of the pin object can be calculated. The smaller the ball models, the faster the processing can be realized.

Also, the case where the present invention is applied to the pin object of the bowling game has been described, but another game or another object may be used. That is, it can be applied to various objects such as an iron-shaped object, a donut-shaped object, a rod-shaped object such as a cylinder or a prism, and a rotating object such as a pot or a bottle. It is possible to However, since a spherical model is included in the object, it is desirable that the object has a shape that can be approximated by as few spherical models as possible.

Although it is most rational in calculation that the shape of the sphere model is a sphere, it may be an elliptical sphere as long as the time required for the calculation is allowed.

In addition, for an object represented by the metaball method, the metaball may be used as a sphere model to calculate the motion related to the collision of the object.

[0068]

According to the present invention, since the motion of an object can be replaced by the motion of a substantially spherical model, the motion related to the collision of the object can be easily calculated. That is, if a collision occurs between substantially spherical bodies, the same calculation can be performed regardless of where the collision occurs, so that the calculation relating to the collision can be easily performed. Therefore, it is possible to extremely easily determine and process the motion related to the collision of the given object.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the principle of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining collision between spherical models, which is one of the principles of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining collision between spherical models, which is one of the principles of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a change in mass of a sphere model according to a collision angle, which is one of the principles of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a functional block according to the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart relating to a hit check of two pin objects by the motion calculation unit.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a processing example according to the embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration capable of realizing the present embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a view showing an example of a system in various modes to which the embodiment is applied.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a modification in which the number of sphere models included in a pin object is changed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 operation unit 20 processing unit 210 game calculation unit 212 pin object placement unit 214 motion calculation unit 250 image generation unit 30 display unit 40 information storage medium 42 game program 44 object data 46 pin object data 462 sphere model data

Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2C001 AA00 AA04 BA00 BA01 BA05 BB00 BB10 BC00 BC01 BC03 BC10 CB01 CB06 CC02 5B050 AA08 BA08 BA09 CA07 EA24 EA28 FA08 9A001 BB04 DD12 GG04 HH26 HH29 JJ76 KK14 KK62

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A game device for executing a given game by displaying an image in a three-dimensional space viewed from a given viewpoint, wherein a given object in the three-dimensional space is provided with a substantially spherical object. A game device, wherein a model is virtually included, and a motion when the given object collides is represented based on the motion of the substantially spherical model. 2. The game device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of substantially spherical models are virtually embedded in the given object, and the given object is determined based on a motion of each of the plurality of substantially spherical models. A game device which expresses a motion when another object collides. 3. The game device according to claim 1, wherein the motion of the substantially spherical model is approximated as a linear motion at a predetermined time interval. 4. The game device according to claim 1, wherein the substantially spherical model has a size according to a shape of the given object. 5. The game device according to claim 1, wherein the given object is a rotating body, and a center position of the substantially spherical model is on a rotation center line of the given object. A game device, comprising: 6. The game device according to claim 1, wherein the given object is a substantially rod-shaped body. 7. The game device according to claim 1, wherein the given object is a bowling pin object. 8. An information storage medium storing information for executing a given game by displaying an image in a three-dimensional space viewed from a given viewpoint, wherein: Information for virtually including a substantially spherical model in a given object; and information for expressing a motion when the given object collides based on the motion of the substantially spherical model. An information storage medium characterized by the above-mentioned.