JP4266121B2 - Image generation system, program, and information storage medium - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an image generation system, a program, and an information storage medium.
[0002]
[Background]
Conventionally, there has been known an image generation system (for example, a game system) that generates an image that can be viewed from a virtual camera (a given viewpoint) in an object space that is a virtual three-dimensional space. As popular.
[0003]
When constructing various game systems such as shooting games and racing games using such an image generation system, it may be necessary to check hits between objects in the object space and determine intersection positions in various scenes. is there.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-6671
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, hit check between objects and determination of an intersection position are performed by three-dimensional calculation or two-dimensional calculation in which the shape of the object is added to the arrangement position of the object space and the arrangement position. If more accurate hit check and intersection position determination are to be performed in such a case, it is necessary to more accurately reflect the shape of the object in the determination calculation, and the calculation load increases.
[0006]
In game devices, it is necessary to perform real-time hit check and intersection determination that reflect the position of interactively changing objects using limited hardware resources. It is desirable to determine the position.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an image generation system, a program, and a program that can perform hit check and intersection position determination accurately and with low calculation load. An object is to provide an information storage medium.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
(1) The present invention is an image generation system for generating an image,
Rendering means for rendering an image viewed from a virtual camera in which a first object and a second object in an object space are arranged at given positions;
An intersection detection means for detecting the presence or absence of an intersection between the first object and the second object based on the presence or absence of the drawing of the first object or the second object;
It is characterized by including.
[0009]
Further, the program according to the present invention is a program executable by a computer (a program embodied in an information storage medium or a carrier wave), and causes the computer to realize the above means (makes the computer function as the above means). And An information storage medium according to the present invention is an information storage medium readable (usable) by a computer, and includes a program for causing the computer to realize the above means (functioning the computer as the above means). It is said.
[0010]
Here, the object space refers to a virtual three-dimensional space in which an object whose shape is specified by a definition point (such as a vertex of a polygon or a control point of a free-form surface) is arranged.
[0011]
Further, at least one of the first object and the second object is an object that is currently moving or possibly moving.
[0012]
Rendering is a process of drawing an object arranged in the object space in a drawing buffer by performing, for example, coordinate conversion, hidden surface removal, shading, and the like.
[0013]
Here, the rendering means performs, for example, perspective transformation coordinate transformation, surface erasing, and the like, and draws an image of the first object and the second object in the object space viewed from a virtual camera arranged at a given position (drawing buffer ( Draw in the frame buffer etc.
[0014]
In addition, since it is sufficient that the part necessary for the intersection determination between the first object and the second object is associated with the rendering area of the drawn object, the coordinate conversion used for rendering needs to be limited to the projection projection. In addition, it is possible to determine the touched part through parallel projection, non-Euclidean coordinate transformation, and piecewise rendering.
[0015]
Whether or not rendering or drawing of the first object or the second object is performed may be realized by software, may be realized by hardware, or may be realized by both software and hardware. . For example, a hardware having a rendering function may be realized by setting parameters for specifying processing contents from software.
[0016]
The virtual camera is preferably set at a predetermined position where at least one of the first object and the second object is in the viewing angle. For example, a virtual camera may be arranged inside or on the back side of the first object or the second object.
[0017]
For example, when the first object or the second object is drawn, it may be determined that there is an intersection between the first object and the second object, and vice versa.
[0018]
According to the present invention, it is possible to detect the presence / absence of an intersection between the first object and the second object based on the presence / absence of drawing of the first object or the second object obtained as a rendering result.
[0019]
Therefore, since the 3D hit check calculation and the 2D hit check calculation in which the object shape is added to the arrangement position of the object in the object space and the arrangement shape are not required, the load of the hit check calculation can be greatly reduced.
[0020]
In particular, according to the present invention, even when the shape of the object is complicated, it is possible to perform an intersection case that accurately reflects the shape of the object, so that an accurate intersection determination can be performed.
(2) The present invention is an image generation system for generating an image,
Rendering means for rendering an image viewed from a virtual camera in which a first object and a second object in an object space are arranged at given positions;
Means for detecting the number of drawn pixels of the first object or the second object based on the rendering result;
Cross detection means for detecting the presence or absence of a cross between the first object and the second object based on the detected number of drawn pixels of the first object or the second object;
It is characterized by including.
[0021]
Further, the program according to the present invention is a program executable by a computer (a program embodied in an information storage medium or a carrier wave), and causes the computer to realize the above means (makes the computer function as the above means). And An information storage medium according to the present invention is an information storage medium readable (usable) by a computer, and includes a program for causing the computer to realize the above means (functioning the computer as the above means). It is said.
[0022]
Here, the object space refers to a virtual three-dimensional space in which an object whose shape is specified by a definition point (such as a vertex of a polygon or a control point of a free-form surface) is arranged.
[0023]
Further, at least one of the first object and the second object is an object that is currently moving or possibly moving.
[0024]
Rendering is a process of drawing an object arranged in the object space in a drawing buffer by performing, for example, coordinate conversion, hidden surface removal, shading, and the like.
[0025]
Here, the rendering means performs, for example, perspective transformation coordinate transformation, surface erasing, and the like, and draws an image of the first object and the second object in the object space viewed from a virtual camera arranged at a given position (drawing buffer ( Draw in the frame buffer etc.
[0026]
In addition, since it is sufficient that the part necessary for the intersection determination between the first object and the second object is associated with the rendering area of the drawn object, the coordinate conversion used for rendering needs to be limited to the projection projection. In addition, it is possible to determine the touched part through parallel projection, non-Euclidean coordinate transformation, and piecewise rendering.
[0027]
The detection of the number of drawn pixels of the first object or the second object based on the rendering result may be realized by software, hardware, or both software and hardware. May be. For example, a hardware having a rendering function may be realized by setting parameters for specifying processing contents from software.
[0028]
The virtual camera is preferably set at a predetermined position where at least one of the first object and the second object is in the viewing angle. For example, a virtual camera may be arranged inside or on the back side of the first object or the second object.
[0029]
First, the threshold value of the first object or the second object is determined, the number of drawn pixels of the detected first object or the second object is compared with the threshold value, and the first value is determined based on the comparison result. It is possible to detect whether or not the object and the second object intersect.
[0030]
For example, it may be determined that a collision has occurred when the number of drawn pixels of the first object or the second object is greater than or equal to a threshold value.
[0031]
In this case, it is determined that there is no collision when the first object grazes the second object (in this case, the number of drawn pixels of the first object is 1 or more but smaller than the threshold value). I can do it.
[0032]
According to the present invention, since the presence or absence of the intersection of the first object and the second object can be detected based on the number of drawing pixels of the first object or the second object obtained as a rendering result, Since the 3D hit check calculation and the 2D hit check calculation in which the object shape is added to the object arrangement position and the arrangement position are not necessary, the load of the hit check calculation can be greatly reduced.
[0033]
In particular, according to the present invention, even when the shape of the object is complicated, it is possible to perform an intersection case that accurately reflects the shape of the object, so that it is possible to perform an accurate intersection determination.
[0034]
In recent image generation systems, hardware having a function of acquiring a drawing area of a rendered object at high speed is installed, so that the number of drawing pixels of the first object or the second object is acquired using the function. It may be. In this way, a complicated hit check operation can be performed at high speed by using the drawing area acquisition function of the hardware.
(3) The image generation apparatus of the present invention
The intersection detection means includes
The initial value set in relation to the number of drawing pixels or the presence / absence of drawing of at least one of the first object and the second object, the number of drawing pixels of the detected first object or second object, or the number of drawing The presence or absence is compared, and the presence or absence of the intersection of the first object and the second object is detected based on the comparison result.
[0035]
For example, the number of drawn pixels of at least one of the first object and the second object is set to 0 or no drawing is set as an initial value, and the number of drawn pixels of the detected first object or second object is other than 0. Alternatively, when there is drawing, it may be determined that there is an intersection between the first object and the second object, and the number of drawing pixels of at least one of the first object and the second object is one or more. Alternatively, when drawing is set as an initial value and the number of drawn pixels of the detected first object or second object is 0 or no drawing is detected, the intersection of the first object and the second object You may make it determine with existence.
(4) The image generation apparatus of the present invention includes:
The intersection detection means includes
The number of drawn pixels of the first object or the second object detected at a given time t or the presence or absence of drawing and the number of drawn pixels of the first object or the second object detected at a given time t + Δt or Based on the presence / absence of drawing, a change in the number of drawing pixels or the presence / absence of drawing of at least one of the first object and the second object is detected, and when there is a change, the intersection of the first object and the second object Crossing detection means for determining that the
[0036]
According to the present invention, when a change in the number of drawn pixels or the presence / absence of drawing of the first object or the second object is detected during a given time t to t + Δt, the given time t to t + Δt It can be determined that there is an intersection between the first object and the second object in between.
(5) The present invention is an image generation system for generating an image,
A movement trajectory volume setting means for generating a movement trajectory volume based on the movement of the first object from a given time t to t + Δt and arranging the movement trajectory volume in the object space;
Rendering means for rendering an image viewed from a virtual camera in which a movement trajectory volume and a second object are arranged at given positions;
Crossing area detecting means for detecting a crossing area of the moving trajectory volume and the second object based on at least one drawing area of the moving trajectory volume and the second object;
It is characterized by including.
[0037]
Further, the program according to the present invention is a program executable by a computer (a program embodied in an information storage medium or a carrier wave), and causes the computer to realize the above means (makes the computer function as the above means). And An information storage medium according to the present invention is an information storage medium readable (usable) by a computer, and includes a program for causing the computer to realize the above means (functioning the computer as the above means). It is said.
[0038]
Here, the object space refers to a virtual three-dimensional space in which an object whose shape is specified by a definition point (such as a vertex of a polygon or a control point of a free-form surface) is arranged.
[0039]
Here, the first object is an object that is currently moving or possibly moving. The second object may be moving or may be stationary.
[0040]
The movement trajectory volume is a space (volume (three-dimensional) including all three-dimensional movement trajectories) occupied by the first object before and after movement and during movement. For example, the vertices before and after the movement of the first object may be generated by connecting with a movement locus (movement vector) or a straight line.
[0041]
Rendering is a process of drawing an object arranged in the object space in a drawing buffer by performing, for example, coordinate conversion, hidden surface removal, shading, and the like.
[0042]
Here, the rendering means performs, for example, perspective transformation coordinate transformation, surface erasure, and the like, and draws an image viewed from the virtual camera in which the movement trajectory volume and the second object in the object space are arranged at given positions. Draw in a buffer.
[0043]
In addition, since it is only necessary that the portion necessary for the intersection determination of the movement trajectory volume and the second object be associated with the rendered region of the drawn object, it is necessary to limit the coordinate conversion used for rendering to the projection projection. In addition, it is also possible to determine the touched part through parallel projection, non-Euclidean coordinate transformation, or piecewise rendering.
[0044]
The detection of the rendering, the movement trajectory volume, and the drawing area of at least one of the second objects may be realized by software, may be realized by hardware, or may be realized by both software and hardware. May be. For example, a hardware having a rendering function may be realized by setting parameters for specifying processing contents from software.
[0045]
The virtual camera is preferably set at a predetermined position where at least one of the movement trajectory volume and the second object falls within the viewing angle. For example, a virtual camera may be arranged inside or behind the movement locus volume or the second object.
[0046]
For example, a portion in a predetermined state in the drawing area of the movement trajectory volume may be detected as an intersection area.
[0047]
According to the present invention, it is possible to detect the presence / absence of an intersection between the first object and the second object based on at least one drawing area of the movement trajectory volume and the second object obtained as a rendering result.
[0048]
Therefore, since the 3D hit check calculation and the 2D hit check calculation in which the object shape is added to the arrangement position of the object in the object space and the arrangement shape are not required, the load of the hit check calculation can be greatly reduced.
[0049]
In particular, according to the present invention, even when the shape of the object is complicated, it is possible to perform an intersection case that accurately reflects the shape of the object, so that an accurate intersection determination can be performed.
[0050]
Further, since the detected intersection area can be associated with the second object, the intersection position can be detected by associating the position with the second object. As described above, according to the present invention, not only the intersection determination but also the intersection position can be detected.
(6) The image generation apparatus of the present invention includes:
The rendering means includes
Of the polygons that make up the movement trajectory volume, draw the front polygon that faces the virtual camera and the back polygon that faces the virtual camera,
Crossing area detection means
An area composed of pixels with different numbers of times of drawing the front polygon and the back polygon is detected as an intersection area.
[0051]
The rendering means draws a front surface object composed of a front surface polygon facing the virtual camera and a back surface object composed of a back surface polygon facing the virtual camera among the polygons constituting the movement trajectory volume. Then, the intersecting area detecting means may detect an area composed of pixels having different numbers of times of drawing the front surface object and the back surface object as the intersecting area.
(7) The image generation apparatus of the present invention includes:
And means for calculating an intersection position of the first object and the second object based on the detected intersection area.
[0052]
Further, since the detected intersection area can be associated with the second object, the intersection position can be detected by matching the position with the second object.
[0053]
For example, a map table or texture necessary for associating the second object with the intersection area may be prepared in advance, and the intersection position may be determined from the detected intersection area using the map table or texture.
(8) The image generation apparatus of the present invention includes:
It includes a game calculation means for performing hit check determination based on the calculated intersection position or presence / absence of intersection between the first object and the second object, and performing game calculation processing based on the determination result.
[0054]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0055]
In addition, this embodiment demonstrated below does not limit the content of this invention described in the claim at all. Further, not all of the configurations described in the present embodiment are essential as a solution means of the present invention.
[0056]
1. Constitution
FIG. 1 shows an example of a functional block diagram of an image generation system (for example, a game system) of the present embodiment.
[0057]
In this figure, the present embodiment may include at least the processing unit 100 (or may include the processing unit 100 and the storage unit 170, or the processing unit 100, the storage unit 170, and the information storage medium 180), and other blocks. (For example, the operation unit 160, the display unit 190, the sound output unit 192, the portable information storage device 194, and the communication unit 196) can be arbitrary constituent elements.
[0058]
Here, the processing unit 100 performs various processing such as control of the entire system, instruction instruction to each block in the system, game processing, image processing, or sound processing, and functions thereof are various processors ( CPU, DSP, etc.) or hardware such as ASIC (gate array, etc.) or a given program (game program).
[0059]
The operation unit 160 is for a player to input operation data, and the function can be realized by hardware such as a lever, a button, and a housing.
[0060]
The storage unit 170 includes a main memory (main storage unit and the like) 172, a frame buffer (drawing buffer and the like) 174, and the like, and serves as a work area such as the processing unit 100 and the communication unit 196. It can be realized by hardware.
[0061]
An information storage medium (storage medium usable by a computer) 180 stores information such as programs and data, and functions thereof are an optical disk (CD, DVD), a magneto-optical disk (MO), a magnetic disk, and a hard disk. It can be realized by hardware such as a magnetic tape or a memory (ROM). The processing unit 100 performs various processes of the present invention (this embodiment) based on information stored in the information storage medium 180. That is, the information storage medium 180 stores information (program or data) for executing the means of the present invention (this embodiment) (particularly, the blocks included in the processing unit 100).
[0062]
Part or all of the information stored in the information storage medium 180 is transferred to the storage unit 170 when the system is powered on. Information stored in the information storage medium 180 includes a program for performing the processing of the present invention, image data, sound data, shape data of display objects, table data, list data, and information for instructing the processing of the present invention. And at least one piece of information for performing processing in accordance with the instruction.
[0063]
The display unit 190 outputs an image generated according to the present embodiment, and the function thereof can be realized by hardware such as a CRT, LCD, or HMD (head mounted display).
[0064]
The sound output unit 192 outputs the sound generated by the present embodiment, and its function can be realized by hardware such as a speaker.
[0065]
The portable information storage device 194 stores player personal data, save data, and the like. As the portable information storage device 194, a memory card, a portable game device, and the like can be considered.
[0066]
The communication unit 196 performs various controls for communicating with the outside (for example, a host device or other image generation system), and functions as hardware such as various processors or a communication ASIC. Or by a program.
[0067]
The program or data for executing the means of the present invention (this embodiment) may be distributed from the information storage medium of the host device (server) to the information storage medium 180 via the network and the communication unit 196. Good. Use of such an information storage medium of the host device (server) is also included in the scope of the present invention.
[0068]
The processing unit 100 includes a game processing unit 110, an intersection detection processing unit (shadow volume processing unit) 120, an image generation unit 130, and a sound generation unit 150.
[0069]
Here, the game processing unit 110 receives a coin (price) reception process, various mode setting processes, a game progress process, a selection screen setting process, the position and rotation angle (X, Processing for obtaining the rotation angle around the Y or Z axis), processing for moving the object (motion processing), processing for obtaining the viewpoint position (virtual camera position) and line-of-sight angle (virtual camera rotation angle), map object, etc. Various game processes such as a process for placing objects in the object space, a hit check process, a process for calculating game results (results, results), a process for multiple players to play in a common game space, or a game over process Operation data from the operation unit 160, personal data from the portable information storage device 194, storage data , Carried out on the basis of a game program.
[0070]
The game processing unit 110 includes an intersection detection unit 120, an intersection region detection unit 122, and a movement trajectory volume setting unit 124.
[0071]
The intersection detection unit 120 may detect whether or not the first object and the second object intersect based on whether or not the first object or the second object is drawn.
[0072]
Further, based on the detected number of drawn pixels of the first object or the second object, the presence / absence of an intersection between the first object and the second object may be detected.
[0073]
Also, an initial value set in relation to the number of drawing pixels of at least one of the first object and the second object or the presence or absence of drawing, and the number of drawing pixels or drawing of the detected first object or second object And the presence or absence of the intersection of the first object and the second object may be detected based on the comparison result.
[0074]
Also, the number of drawn pixels of the first object or the second object detected at a given time t, or the presence or absence of drawing, and the number of drawn pixels of the first object or the second object detected at a given time t + Δt Alternatively, based on the presence / absence of drawing, a change in the number of drawing pixels or the presence / absence of drawing of at least one of the first object and the second object is detected, and if there is a change, the first object and the second object Cross detection means for determining that there is a cross may be included.
[0075]
The intersection area detection unit 122 may detect an intersection area between the movement locus volume and the second object based on at least one drawing area of the movement locus volume and the second object.
[0076]
For example, an area composed of pixels with different numbers of times of drawing the front polygon and the back polygon may be detected as an intersection area.
[0077]
The movement trajectory volume setting unit 124 may generate a movement trajectory volume based on the movement of the first object from a given time t to t + Δt and set the movement trajectory volume to be arranged in the object space.
[0078]
In addition, the game processing unit 110 functions as means for calculating the intersection position of the first object and the second object based on the detected intersection area.
[0079]
Further, the game processing unit 110 may perform hit check determination based on the calculated intersection position or presence / absence of intersection between the first object and the second object, and may perform game calculation processing based on the determination result.
[0080]
The image generation unit 130 performs various types of image processing in accordance with instructions from the game processing unit 110, for example, generates an image that can be seen from a virtual camera (viewpoint) in the object space, and outputs the generated image to the display unit 190. The image generation unit 130 functions as a rendering unit.
[0081]
The image generation unit 130 functions as a rendering unit that renders an image viewed from a virtual camera in which the first object and the second object in the object space are arranged at given positions.
[0082]
Further, it may function as a means for detecting the number of drawn pixels of the first object or the second object based on the rendering result.
[0083]
Further, an image viewed from a virtual camera in which the movement trajectory volume and the second object are arranged at given positions may be rendered.
[0084]
Furthermore, out of the polygons constituting the movement trajectory volume, a front surface polygon that faces the virtual camera and a back surface polygon that faces the virtual camera may be drawn.
[0085]
The sound generation unit 150 performs various types of sound processing in accordance with instructions from the game processing unit 110, generates a sound such as BGM, sound effect, or sound, and outputs the sound to the sound output unit 192.
[0086]
Note that all of the functions of the game processing unit 110, the intersection detection unit 120, the intersection region detection unit 122, the movement locus volume setting unit 124, the image generation unit 130, and the sound generation unit 150 may be realized by hardware. All of these may be realized by a program. Alternatively, it may be realized by both hardware and a program.
[0087]
The image generation unit 130 includes a geometry processing unit (three-dimensional calculation unit) 132 and a drawing unit (rendering unit) 140.
[0088]
Here, the geometry processing unit 132 performs various types of geometry processing (three-dimensional calculation) such as coordinate transformation, clipping processing, perspective transformation, or light source calculation. In this embodiment, the object data (after the perspective transformation) after the geometry processing (object vertex coordinates, vertex texture coordinates, luminance data, etc.) is stored in the main storage unit 172 of the storage unit 170 and saved. The
[0089]
The drawing unit 140 draws an object in the drawing buffer 174 based on the object data after geometry processing (after perspective transformation) and the texture stored in the storage unit 170. As a result, an image viewed from the virtual camera (viewpoint) is drawn (generated) in the object space in which the object moves.
[0090]
Note that the drawing unit 140 uses the model information of the contents changed by the intersection detection process for the intersection (overlapping part) with a given object set to be affected by the volume object, or the intersection The rendering process is performed by the rendering technique of the content changed by the partial detection process.
[0091]
Note that the image generation system of the present embodiment may be a system dedicated to the single player mode in which only one player can play, or not only the single player mode but also a multiplayer mode in which a plurality of players can play. The system may also be provided.
[0092]
Further, when a plurality of players play, game images and game sounds to be provided to the plurality of players may be generated using one terminal, or connected via a network (transmission line, communication line) or the like. Alternatively, it may be generated using a plurality of terminals.
[0093]
2. First embodiment
2A and 2B are diagrams for explaining the features of the first embodiment.
[0094]
For example, when considering a scene in which a bullet 320 (first object) is shot toward the ground 310 (second object), attention is paid to the viewpoint 330 from the back side of the ground 310 (second object). Once the ground 310 (second object) is drawn, the z-buffer is used to draw the bullet 320 (first object) and the number of pixels to be drawn is counted.
[0095]
For example, as shown in FIG. 2A, if the bullet 320 (first object) does not penetrate, rendering from the back side is not performed, so the number of drawing is zero. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2B, when a bullet is drawn (that is, when the number of pixels to be drawn is not 0), the bullet has penetrated, so that the bullet is exploded or a landing point is produced. Can be used as a trigger.
[0096]
Here, for example, the case where rendering is performed from the viewpoint 330 viewed from the back side of the ground 310 (second object) has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0097]
In addition, as for the part necessary for the intersection determination between the ground 310 (second object) and the bullet 320 (first object), it is only necessary to have correspondence with the rendering area of the drawn object, so the coordinates used for rendering It is not necessary to limit the transformation to projective projection, and it is also possible to determine the touched part through parallel projection, non-Euclidean coordinate transformation, and piecewise rendering.
[0098]
In recent image generation systems, hardware having a function of acquiring the number of drawn pixels of a rendered object at high speed is installed. For example, using this function, the drawing pixel number of the bullet 320 (first object) is acquired, and whether or not there is a collision is determined based on whether the acquired drawing number of the bullet 320 (first object) is 0 or 1 or more. I can do it.
[0099]
For example, if a threshold value of the number of drawn pixels serving as a reference for the presence / absence of a collision is determined, and there is a collision when the number of drawn pixels of the detected bullet 320 (first object) is equal to or greater than the threshold value, You may make it determine. In this case, for example, when the bullet 320 (first object) grazes the ground 310 (second object) or the like (in this case, the number of drawn pixels of the bullet 320 (first object) is 1 or more. Can be determined as no collision.
[0100]
As a result, it is possible to cause a game behavior or a state change regarding an object (for example, the bullet 320 or the ground 310) drawn.
[0101]
Next, a specific intersection determination process between the first object and the second object existing in the object space will be described.
[0102]
3A and 3B are diagrams for explaining a state in which the first object and the second object are not in contact with each other. FIG. 3A shows the state of the first object 210, the second object 220, and the virtual camera 230 in the three-dimensional space, and FIG. 3B shows the state from the virtual camera 230 arranged at a given position. It is a figure showing the rendering result 240 of the seen image.
[0103]
Here, the first object 220 is a moving object, and the second object 220 is a terrain object.
[0104]
As shown in FIG. 3A, the virtual camera 230 is arranged so as to capture a terrain object (second object 220) from below the ground. For this reason, when the moving object (first object 210) is behind the terrain object (second object 220) when viewed from the virtual camera 230, the moving object (first object 210) is removed from the virtual camera 230. Since it is not visible, it is not drawn. Therefore, when an image viewed from the virtual camera 230 in which the moving object (first object 210) and the terrain object (second object 220) are arranged at given positions is rendered, the moving object moves as shown in FIG. The object (first object 210) is not drawn. That is, the number of drawing pixels of the moving object (first object 210) is zero.
[0105]
4A and 4B are diagrams for explaining a state after the first object has penetrated the second object. FIG. 4A shows the state of the first object 210, the second object 220, and the virtual camera 230 in a three-dimensional space, and FIG. 4B shows the state from the virtual camera 230 arranged at a given position. It is a figure showing the rendering result of the seen image.
[0106]
As shown in FIG. 4A, the virtual camera 230 is arranged so as to catch a terrain object (second object 220) from under the ground. Therefore, when the moving object (first object 210) is in front of the terrain object (second object 220) when viewed from the virtual camera 230, the moving object (first object 210 ′) is the virtual camera 230. Because it can be seen from, it is drawn. Accordingly, when an image viewed from the virtual camera 230 in which the moving object (first object 210 ′) and the terrain object (second object 220) are arranged at a given position is rendered, it is indicated by 242 in FIG. 4B. Thus, the moving object (first object 210) is drawn. That is, the number of drawing pixels of the moving object (first object 210) is not 0 (or 1 or more).
[0107]
Accordingly, by obtaining the drawing pixel number of the moving object (first object 210), it is possible to determine the intersection of the moving object (first object 210) and the terrain object (second object 220).
[0108]
In the first embodiment, an image viewed from the virtual camera 230 in which the first object 210 and the second object 220 in the object space are arranged at given positions is rendered, and the first object 210 or the second object is rendered. Whether or not the first object 210 and the second object 220 intersect is detected based on whether or not the object 220 is drawn.
[0109]
As described with reference to FIGS. 3A and 3B and FIGS. 4A and 4B, the first object 210 (moving object) and the second object 220 (terrain object) are based on whether or not the moving object is drawn in each frame. ) Is detected.
[0110]
For example, when a moving object (first object 210) not drawn at a given time t is drawn at time t + Δt, the moving object (first object 210) and the terrain object (second object 220) are drawn. It may be determined that the two have crossed.
[0111]
For example, when the virtual camera is on the ground, the moving object (first object 210) drawn at a given time t is not drawn at the time t + Δt, and the moving object (first object 210) is drawn. It may be determined that the object 210) and the terrain object (second object 220) intersect.
[0112]
In the first embodiment, an image viewed from the virtual camera 230 in which the first object 210 and the second object 220 in the object space are arranged at given positions is rendered, and the drawn object (for example, the first object 210 The number of pixels of the second object 220) is detected, and the presence / absence of intersection of the first object 210 and the second object 220 is detected based on the detected number of pixels of the drawing object.
[0113]
As described in FIGS. 3A and 3B and FIGS. 4A and 4B, the drawing pixel number of the moving object (first object 210) in each frame is acquired, and crossing is performed based on the change in the drawing pixel number. Judgment can be made.
[0114]
For example, when the number of drawn pixels of a moving object (first object 210) that was 0 at a given time t becomes 1 or more at time t + Δt, the moving object (first object 210) and the terrain object ( It may be determined that the second object 220) intersects.
[0115]
For example, when the virtual camera is on the ground and the number of drawn pixels of the moving object (first object 210) that is 1 or more at a given time t becomes 0 at time t + Δt, It may be determined that the moving object (first object 210) and the terrain object (second object 220) intersect.
[0116]
Thus, based on the number of pixels of the drawing object detected at the given time t and the number of pixels of the drawing object detected at the given time t + Δt, drawing of at least one of the first object and the second object is performed. It is possible to detect the presence or absence of a pixel or a change in the number of drawn pixels, and to detect the presence or absence of an intersection between the first object and the second object based on the detection result.
[0117]
In the intersection determination process, the initial value set in relation to the number of drawing pixels of at least one of the first object and the second object is compared with the number of pixels of the detected drawing object, and the comparison result is obtained. Based on this, the presence / absence of an intersection between the first object and the second object may be detected.
[0118]
For example, as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 4A, 4B, when the virtual camera 230 is arranged so as to capture a terrain object (second object 220) from below the ground, If the initial value set in relation to the drawing pixel number of the moving object (first object 210) is set to 0 and the drawing object number of the moving object (first object 210) is not zero, there is an intersection. You may make it judge.
[0119]
FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining an example of processing according to the first embodiment.
[0120]
Here, in relation to the presence / absence of drawing of the first object (or the number of drawing pixels), the initial value is no drawing (or the number of drawing pixels is 0), and whether or not the first object is drawn (or the number of pixels) ), The initial value and the detection result are compared, and based on the comparison result, the flow of processing when detecting the presence or absence of the intersection of the first object and the second object will be described.
[0121]
In the first embodiment, the following processing is performed for each frame. Note that this need not always be performed, and may be performed only when intersection determination is necessary.
[0122]
The initial values of the coordinates and speed of the first object (for example, moving object) and the second object (for example, terrain object) are set (step S10). Since the speed may be set for a moving object, the speed is set for a first object (for example, a moving object).
[0123]
Next, the object is moved based on the set speed (step S12).
[0124]
Next, a virtual camera is installed on the back surface of the second object (for example, a terrain object) (step S20).
[0125]
Next, the “distance” such as the depth value of the second object is rendered in a depth buffer (eg, Z buffer) (step S30).
Next, the frame buffer is filled with an appropriate color such as black (step S40).
Next, the first object (for example, a moving object) is drawn in a color different from the color in which the frame buffer such as white is filled (step S50).
[0126]
Next, it is checked whether the color of the first object (for example, moving object) is painted on the frame buffer (step S60).
When the color of the first object (for example, moving object) is found, the processing when the first object (for example, moving object) is in front of the second object (for example, terrain object) (steps S70 and S80). )I do. The processing when the first object (for example, moving object) is in front of the second object (for example, terrain object) is, for example, that the first object (for example, moving object) is changed to the second object (for example, terrain object). This is a process in the case of a collision, for example, a game calculation (update of parameter or score or selection of a branch) due to a collision, generation of a collision image, or the like.
[0127]
If the color of the first object (for example, moving object) is not found, the process when the first object (for example, moving object) is behind the second object (for example, terrain object) (step S90). I do. The processing when the first object (for example, moving object) is in front of the second object (for example, terrain object) is, for example, that the first object (for example, moving object) is changed to the second object (for example, terrain object). This is a process in a state where there is no collision yet.
[0128]
When the intersection determination process is continued, the process returns to step S12 and is repeated (step S100).
[0129]
Note that the processing from step S10 to step S100 may be realized by software, hardware, or both software and hardware.
[0130]
For example, a hardware having a rendering function may be realized by setting parameters for specifying processing contents from software.
[0131]
FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining another example of the process according to the first embodiment.
[0132]
Here, a change in presence / absence of drawing of the first object at a given time t (or the number of drawing pixels) and change of presence / absence of drawing of the first object at time t + Δt (or the number of drawing pixels) may be detected. A flow of processing when detecting the presence or absence of the intersection of the first object and the second object based on the detection result will be described.
[0133]
In the first embodiment, the following processing is performed for each frame. Note that this need not always be performed, and may be performed only when intersection determination is necessary.
[0134]
The coordinates and speed of the first object (for example, moving object) and the second object (for example, terrain object) and the initial value of the current drawing information are set (step S110). Since the speed may be set for a moving object, the speed is set for a first object (for example, a moving object). The current drawing information is information regarding whether or not the first object has been drawn in the current frame. Here, in order to make the current drawing information different from the previous drawing information in the first comparison operation, the initial value of the current drawing information is the current drawing information when drawing is present and the current drawing information when there is no drawing. Set a different value.
[0135]
Next, the current drawing information is set to the previous drawing information (step S120). The previous drawing information is information regarding whether or not the first object has been drawn in the previous frame.
[0136]
Next, the object is moved based on the set speed (step S130).
[0137]
Next, a virtual camera is installed on the back surface of the second object (for example, a terrain object) (step S140).
[0138]
Next, the “distance” such as the depth value of the second object is rendered in a depth buffer (eg, Z buffer) (step S150).
Next, the frame buffer is filled with an appropriate color such as black (step S160). Next, the first object (for example, a moving object) is drawn with a color different from the color filled with the frame buffer such as white (step S170). .
[0139]
Next, it is checked whether the color of the first object (for example, moving object) is painted on the frame buffer (step S180).
If the color of the first object (for example, moving object) is found, information that the first object (for example, moving object) has been rendered is set in the current drawing information (steps S190 and S200).
[0140]
If the color of the first object (for example, moving object) is not found, information that the first object (for example, moving object) has not been rendered is set in the current drawing information (steps S190 and S210).
[0141]
Then, the current drawing information and the previous drawing information are compared, and if they are different, processing is performed when the first object (for example, a moving object) and the second object (for example, a terrain object) intersect (steps S220 and S230). ).
[0142]
If the current drawing information is the same as the previous drawing information, processing is performed when the first object (for example, a moving object) and the second object (for example, a terrain object) do not intersect (steps S220 and S240).
[0143]
When the intersection determination process is continued, the process returns to step S120 and is repeated (step S250).
[0144]
Note that the processing from step S110 to S250 may be realized by software, hardware, or both software and hardware.
[0145]
For example, a hardware having a rendering function may be realized by setting parameters for specifying processing contents from software.
[0146]
3. Second embodiment
FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the characteristics of the second embodiment.
[0147]
In the second embodiment, a movement trajectory volume 330 is generated based on the first object (moving object) 310 at time t and the first object (moving object) 310 ′ at time t + Δt. The intersection area 340 of the second object (terrain object) 320 is detected.
[0148]
The movement trajectory volume 330 connects the corresponding vertices of the first object (moving object) 310 at the time t in the object space and the first object (moving object) 310 ′ at the time t + Δt with a movement trajectory or a straight line to connect the outermost ridge line. It can be set as an object to be a contour.
[0149]
For example, if the vertices V1 to V8 of the first object (moving object) 310 at time t (before movement) change from V1 ′ to V8 ′ at time t + Δt (after movement), the movements corresponding to V1 to V8 respectively. A moving trajectory volume can be formed by connecting V8 ′ to the subsequent vertex V1 ′.
[0150]
If the first object (moving object) 310 and the second object (terrain object) 320 intersect from time t to t + Δt, the movement trajectory volume 330 and the second object intersect. Accordingly, when the intersection region 340 between the movement trajectory volume 330 and the second object (terrain object) 320 is detected, it is determined that the first object (moving object) 310 and the second object (terrain object) intersect. I can do it.
[0151]
The intersection position can be detected by taking the correspondence between the intersection area 340 drawn in the frame buffer 350 and the position of the second object (terrain object).
[0152]
Thus, according to the second embodiment, not only the intersection determination but also the intersection position can be detected.
[0153]
Next, a specific intersection area detection process for the first object and the second object existing in the object space will be described.
[0154]
FIGS. 8A to 8C are diagrams for explaining the movement track volume setting process.
[0155]
FIG. 8A shows a state where the first object 310 and the second object 320 are arranged in the object space before the movement (time t), and FIG. 8B shows the state after the movement (time This shows a state in which the first object 310 ′ and the second object 320 at (t + Δt) are arranged in the object space.
[0156]
FIG. 8C shows the movement trajectory volume 330 generated based on the first object 310 before the movement (time t) and the first object 310 ′ after the movement (time t + Δt).
[0157]
The movement trajectory volume is a space (volume (three-dimensional) including all three-dimensional movement trajectories) occupied by the first object before and after movement and during movement. For example, as described with reference to FIG. 7, the first object can be generated by connecting the vertices before and after the movement with a movement locus or a straight line.
[0158]
FIGS. 9A to 9C are diagrams for explaining the intersection area detection processing.
[0159]
In FIG. 9A, a surface object 332 and a second object (terrain object) 320 constituted by surface polygons whose surface faces the virtual camera among polygons constituting the movement trajectory volume are drawn in the frame buffer 350. FIG.
[0160]
In FIG. 9B, a back object 332 and a second object (terrain object) 320 composed of back polygons facing the virtual camera among the polygons constituting the movement trajectory volume are drawn in the frame buffer 350. FIG.
[0161]
Reference numeral 340 in FIG. 9C represents an area composed of pixels with different numbers of times of drawing of the front polygon and the back polygon, and this is an intersection area of the movement trajectory volume and the second object.
[0162]
In FIGS. 9A to 9C, the virtual camera is placed at a position where the first object and the movement trajectory volume are viewed obliquely from the side. Originally, FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 4A are used. As in (B), it is preferable to install the second object (terrain object) at a position viewed from below.
[0163]
Further, when rendering the front surface object, the back surface may be rendered.
[0164]
In the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 8A to 8C, a movement trajectory volume (a movement trajectory may be used based on the movement of the first object from a given time t to t + Δt, or a movement trajectory may be used. Is generated and placed in the object space, and the moving locus volume and the second object are rendered as an image viewed from a virtual camera placed at a given position, and the moving locus volume is rendered. Based on the drawing result of the second object, the intersection area of the movement trajectory volume and the second object is detected.
[0165]
Here, as shown in FIGS. 8A to 8C, a surface object 332 composed of front surface polygons that face the virtual camera among the polygons that form the movement trajectory volume, and the back surface faces the virtual camera. The back surface object 334 configured by the back surface polygons may be drawn, and an area composed of pixels having different numbers of times of the front surface object 332 and the back surface object 334 may be detected as the intersection region 340.
[0166]
FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining an example of processing according to the second embodiment.
[0167]
Here, a description will be given of the flow of processing in the case where a movement locus volume is generated based on the movement locus of the first object (moving object) and an intersection area between the movement locus volume and the second object (terrain object) is detected.
[0168]
In the second embodiment, the following processing is performed for each frame. Note that this need not always be performed, and may be performed only when it is necessary to detect an intersection region.
[0169]
The initial values of the coordinates and speed of the first object (for example, moving object) and the second object (for example, terrain object) are set (step S310). Since the speed may be set for a moving object, the speed is set for a first object (for example, a moving object).
[0170]
Next, the object is moved based on the set speed, and the coordinate value is updated (step S320).
[0171]
For the first object (for example, a moving object), a movement trajectory volume is created from the previous position and the current position coordinates (step S330).
Next, a virtual camera is installed on the back surface of the second object (for example, a terrain object) (step S340).
[0172]
Next, the “distance” such as the depth value of the second object is rendered in a depth buffer (for example, Z buffer) (step S350).
[0173]
Next, the frame buffer is filled with an appropriate color such as black (step S360).
[0174]
Next, the movement trajectory volume of the first object (for example, moving object) is drawn only with respect to the surface polygon when viewed from the virtual camera, in a color different from the color in which the frame buffer such as white is filled (step S370).
Next, the moving trajectory volume of the first object (for example, moving object) is drawn with the same color as the color with which the frame buffer is filled only for the polygon on the back as viewed from the virtual camera (step S380).
Next, it is checked whether the color of the first object (for example, moving object) is painted in the frame buffer (step S390).
If the color of the first object (for example, moving object) is found, processing is performed when the first object (for example, moving object) intersects the second object (for example, terrain object) (step S400, S410).
[0175]
If the color of the first object (for example, moving object) is not found, processing is performed when the first object (for example, moving object) does not intersect the second object (for example, terrain object) ( Steps S400 and S420).
[0176]
If the intersection area detection process is to be continued, the process returns to step S320 to repeat the process (step S430).
[0177]
Note that the processing from step S310 to S430 may be realized by software, hardware, or both software and hardware.
[0178]
For example, a hardware having a rendering function may be realized by setting parameters for specifying processing contents from software.
An example of processing when objects intersect (object B is reflected by object A).
[0179]
FIG. 11 is a diagram for describing an example of processing when the first object and the second object intersect.
[0180]
First, a process for creating a position map of a second object (for example, a terrain object) is performed (step S510). The position map of the second object (for example, a terrain object) is created by converting the coordinate value of the corresponding world coordinate system into a color value by the following formula for each pixel on the frame buffer of the second object.
[0181]
Red = kx * x component of world coordinates + bx
Green = ky * world component y component + by
Blue = kz * z component of world coordinates + bz
Here, kx, ky, kz and bx, by, bz are counts for adjusting the world coordinates to fall within the color range. Then, the obtained color value is rendered on a texture (position map). As the screen coordinates to be rendered, for example, the coordinate values of the decal texture for applying a pattern to the object may be calculated as x = U coordinates and y = V coordinates (step S510).
[0182]
Next, a process for creating a normal map of the second object (for example, a terrain object) is performed (step S520). The normal map of the second object (for example, a terrain object) is created by converting the xyz component of the corresponding normal vector into a color value by the following formula for each pixel on the frame buffer of the second object.
[0183]
Red = x component of normal vector / 2 + 0.5
Green = y component of normal vector / 2 + 0.5
Blue = z component of normal vector / 2 + 0.5
Then, the obtained color value is rendered on a texture (normal map). The re-screen coordinate to render uses the same value as the position map.
[0184]
Next, a virtual camera is installed on the back surface of the second object (for example, a terrain object) (step S530).
Next, a process for creating a texture coordinate map is performed (step S540). The texture coordinates when creating the normal map are red = U coordinates and green = V coordinates, the texture coordinates are converted into colors, and the second object is rendered on another texture (texture coordinate map).
[0185]
Next, with respect to the texture obtained as a result of the collision determination, the number of pixels of the collision part (the part corresponding to the intersection determination region) is counted (step S550).
[0186]
Next, with respect to the texture coordinate map, the color of the texture pixel is added to the part obtained from the collision judgment (the part corresponding to the intersection judgment area), and divided by the number of pixels that collided last. Obtain the average (step S560)
Next, the obtained texture coordinates are returned to numerical values with U coordinates = red and V coordinates = green. (Step S570).
[0187]
Next, the value of the position map is sampled from the obtained texture coordinates (step S580).
[0188]
Next, the color of the sampled position map is returned to a vector value by the following equation (step S590).
[0189]
X component of vector = (red−bx) / kx
Y component of vector = (green-by) / ky
Z component of vector = (blue-bz) / kz
Next, the position of the first object (for example, a moving object) is moved to the coordinate value obtained from the position map (or the position obtained by calculation therefrom) (step S600).
[0190]
Next, the normal map value is sampled from the obtained texture coordinates (step S610).
[0191]
Next, the color of the sampled normal map is returned to the vector value by the following equation (step S620).
[0192]
X component of normal vector = 2 * red-1
Y component of normal vector = 2 * green-1
Z component of normal vector = 2 * blue-1
Next, a reflection vector r is obtained from the obtained normal vector and the velocity vector of the object B according to the following formula (step S630).
[0193]
r = 2 * (normal vector, velocity vector) * normal vector-velocity vector
Next, the velocity vector of the first object (for example, a moving object) is replaced with a reflection vector (step S640).
[0194]
In this way, by configuring so that normal information can be acquired according to the collision position, the behavior of the object can be adjusted using a response from the ground.
[0195]
Further, by configuring so that the ground height information can be acquired according to the collision position, the behavior of the object may be adjusted using a response from the ground.
[0196]
4). Hardware configuration
Next, an example of a hardware configuration capable of realizing the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
[0197]
The main processor 900 operates based on a program stored in the CD 982 (information storage medium), a program transferred via the communication interface 990, or a program stored in the ROM 950 (one of information storage media). Various processes such as processing, image processing, and sound processing are executed.
[0198]
The coprocessor 902 assists the processing of the main processor 900, has a product-sum calculator and a divider capable of high-speed parallel calculation, and executes matrix calculation (vector calculation) at high speed. For example, if a physical simulation for moving or moving an object requires processing such as matrix operation, a program operating on the main processor 900 instructs (requests) the processing to the coprocessor 902. )
[0199]
The geometry processor 904 performs geometry processing such as coordinate transformation, perspective transformation, light source calculation, and curved surface generation, has a product-sum calculator and a divider capable of high-speed parallel computation, and performs matrix computation (vector computation). Run fast. For example, when processing such as coordinate transformation, perspective transformation, and light source calculation is performed, a program operating on the main processor 900 instructs the geometry processor 904 to perform the processing.
[0200]
The data decompression processor 906 performs a decoding process for decompressing the compressed image data and sound data, and a process for accelerating the decoding process of the main processor 900. As a result, a moving image compressed by the MPEG method or the like can be displayed on the opening screen, the intermission screen, the ending screen, or the game screen. Note that the image data and sound data to be decoded are stored in the ROM 950 and the CD 982 or transferred from the outside via the communication interface 990.
[0201]
The drawing processor 910 performs drawing (rendering) processing of an object composed of primitives (primitive surfaces) such as polygons and curved surfaces at high speed. When drawing an object, the main processor 900 uses the function of the DMA controller 970 to pass the object data to the drawing processor 910 and transfer the texture to the texture storage unit 924 if necessary. Then, the drawing processor 910 draws the object in the frame buffer 922 at high speed while performing hidden surface removal using a Z buffer or the like based on the object data and texture. The drawing processor 910 can also perform α blending (translucent processing), depth cueing, mip mapping, fog processing, bilinear filtering, trilinear filtering, anti-aliasing, shading processing, and the like. When an image for one frame is written in the frame buffer 922, the image is displayed on the display 912.
[0202]
The sound processor 930 includes a multi-channel ADPCM sound source and the like, and generates high-quality game sounds such as BGM, sound effects, and sounds. The generated game sound is output from the speaker 932.
[0203]
Operation data from the game controller 942 (lever, button, chassis, pad type controller, gun type controller, etc.), save data from the memory card 944, and personal data are transferred via the serial interface 940.
[0204]
The ROM 950 stores system programs and the like. In the case of an arcade game system, the ROM 950 functions as an information storage medium, and various programs are stored in the ROM 950. A hard disk may be used instead of the ROM 950.
[0205]
The RAM 960 is used as a work area for various processors.
[0206]
The DMA controller 970 controls DMA transfer between the processor and memory (RAM, VRAM, ROM, etc.).
[0207]
The CD drive 980 drives a CD 982 (information storage medium) in which programs, image data, sound data, and the like are stored, and enables access to these programs and data.
[0208]
The communication interface 990 is an interface for transferring data to and from the outside via a network. In this case, as a network connected to the communication interface 990, a communication line (analog telephone line, ISDN), a high-speed serial bus, or the like can be considered. By using a communication line, data transfer via the Internet becomes possible. Further, by using the high-speed serial bus, data transfer with other image generation systems becomes possible.
[0209]
All of the means of the present invention may be realized (executed) only by hardware, or only by a program stored in an information storage medium or a program distributed via a communication interface. Also good. Alternatively, it may be realized by both hardware and a program.
[0210]
When each means of the present invention is realized by both hardware and a program, the information storage medium stores a program for realizing each means of the present invention using hardware. Become. More specifically, the program instructs each processor 902, 904, 906, 910, 930, etc., which is hardware, and passes data if necessary. Each of the processors 902, 904, 906, 910, 930 and the like implements each unit of the present invention based on the instruction and the passed data.
[0211]
FIG. 13A shows an example when the present embodiment is applied to an arcade game system. The player enjoys the game by operating the lever 1102, the button 1104, and the like while viewing the game image displayed on the display 1100. Various processors and various memories are mounted on the built-in system board (circuit board) 1106. Information (program or data) for executing each means of the present invention is stored in a memory 1108 which is an information storage medium on the system board 1106. Hereinafter, this information is referred to as storage information.
[0212]
FIG. 13B shows an example in which this embodiment is applied to a home game system. The player enjoys the game by operating the game controllers 1202 and 1204 while viewing the game image displayed on the display 1200. In this case, the stored information is stored in the CD 1206, which is an information storage medium that is detachable from the main system, or in the memory cards 1208, 1209, and the like.
[0213]
FIG. 13C shows a host device 1300 and terminals 1304-1 to 1304-n connected to the host device 1300 via a network 1302 (a small-scale network such as a LAN or a wide area network such as the Internet). An example of applying this embodiment to a system including In this case, the stored information is stored in an information storage medium 1306 such as a magnetic disk device, a magnetic tape device, or a memory that can be controlled by the host device 1300, for example. When the terminals 1304-1 to 1304-n can generate game images and game sounds stand-alone, the host device 1300 receives a game program and the like for generating game images and game sounds from the terminal 1304-. 1 to 1304-n. On the other hand, if it cannot be generated stand-alone, the host device 1300 generates a game image and a game sound, which is transmitted to the terminals 1304-1 to 1304-n and output at the terminal.
[0214]
In the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 13C, each unit of the present invention may be executed in a distributed manner between the host device (server) and the terminal. Further, the storage information for executing each means of the present invention may be distributed and stored in the information storage medium of the host device (server) and the information storage medium of the terminal.
[0215]
The terminal connected to the network may be a home game system or an arcade game system. A portable information storage device capable of exchanging information with the arcade game system and exchanging information with the arcade game system when the arcade game system is connected to the network. It is desirable to use (memory card, portable game device).
[0216]
The present invention is not limited to that described in the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made.
[0217]
In the invention according to the dependent claims of the present invention, a part of the constituent features of the dependent claims can be omitted. Moreover, the principal part of the invention according to one independent claim of the present invention can be made dependent on another independent claim.
[0218]
For example, in the present embodiment, the case where the first object is a moving object and the second object is a terrain object has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto. It may be a case where both the first object and the second object are moving objects.
[0219]
In the present embodiment, the case where the virtual camera captures a terrain object or a moving object from below the terrain object (second object) has been described as an example. However, the position of the virtual camera is not limited to this. For example, it may exist inside any object. Here, a virtual camera may be arranged inside the moving object, and the viewing direction of the virtual camera may be directed to the moving direction.
[0220]
In the present embodiment, the case where the intersection determination is used for the hit check, or the case where the intersection area is detected and the reflection vector of the moving object after the collision is calculated is described as an example.
[0221]
For example, the processing content may be determined according to the “area” of the intersection region, or the processing content may be changed.
[0222]
For example, since only a part is rendered while passing through the wall, the number of pixels on the screen decreases. You may make it produce | generate the image which switches the effect in the middle of a bullet breaking according to the state of this reduction in steps.
[0223]
The present invention can also be applied to various games (such as fighting games, shooting games, robot battle games, sports games, competitive games, role playing games, music playing games, dance games, etc.).
[0224]
The present invention is also applicable to various image generation systems (game systems) such as a business game system, a home game system, a large attraction system in which a large number of players participate, a simulator, a multimedia terminal, and a system board for generating game images. Applicable.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an example of a functional block diagram of an image generation system (for example, a game system) of the present embodiment.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams for explaining the characteristics of the first embodiment; FIG.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams for explaining a state in which the first object and the second object are not in contact with each other.
FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams for explaining a state after the first object has penetrated the second object. FIGS.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining an example of processing according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining another example of the process according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining features of the second embodiment;
FIGS. 8A to 8C are diagrams for explaining setting processing of a movement trajectory volume.
FIGS. 9A to 9C are diagrams for explaining intersection area detection processing;
FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining an example of processing according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining an example of processing when a first object and a second object intersect.
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration capable of realizing the present embodiment.
FIGS. 13A, 13B, and 13C are diagrams illustrating examples of various types of systems to which the present embodiment is applied.
[Explanation of symbols]
100 processor
110 Game processor
120 Intersection detection unit
122 Intersection area detector
124 Movement locus volume setting section
130 Image generator
132 Geometry processing part
140 Drawing part
150 sound generator
160 Operation unit
170 Storage unit
172 Main memory (main memory)
174 Frame buffer (drawing buffer)
180 Information storage medium
190 Display
192 sound output section
194 Portable information storage device
196 Communication Department

Claims (3)

An image generation system for generating an image,
A movement trajectory volume setting means for generating a movement trajectory volume based on the movement of the first object from a given time t to t + Δt and arranging the movement trajectory volume in the object space;
Rendering means for rendering an image viewed from a virtual camera in which a movement trajectory volume and a second object are arranged at given positions;
Based on the drawing area of the movement trajectory volume, viewed contains a cross-area detecting means for detecting a movement trajectory volume and intersections of the second object,
The rendering means includes
Of the polygons that make up the movement trajectory volume, draw the front polygon that faces the virtual camera and the back polygon that faces the virtual camera,
The intersecting area detecting means includes
An image generating apparatus that detects an area composed of pixels with different numbers of times of drawing a front polygon and a back polygon as an intersection area . A computer executable program,
A movement trajectory volume setting means for generating a movement trajectory volume based on the movement of the first object from a given time t to t + Δt and arranging the movement trajectory volume in the object space;
Rendering means for rendering an image viewed from a virtual camera in which a movement trajectory volume and a second object are arranged at given positions;
Based on the drawing area of the movement trajectory volume, it causes the computer to function as the intersection area detecting means for detecting a movement trajectory volume and intersections of the second object,
The rendering means includes
Of the polygons that make up the movement trajectory volume, draw the front polygon that faces the virtual camera and the back polygon that faces the virtual camera,
The intersecting area detecting means includes
A program characterized by detecting an area composed of pixels with different numbers of times of drawing a front polygon and a back polygon as an intersection area . An information storage medium readable by a computer, wherein the program according to claim 2 is stored.

Images