JP2001279903A - Picture-mounting building material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve a humidity conditioning function or the like by utilizing the various functions of a humidity conditioning material more efficiently. SOLUTION: In the picture-mounting building material B executed on the wall surface of a building, the building material B has a base material 10 installed on the wall surface of the building and a large number of diatomaceous lumps 20, which are arranged on the surface of the base material 10 and in which the surfaces of at least parts are exposed. Since the porous structure of diatomaceous earth is not closed and surface activity is not damaged, the humidity conditioning function or the like of diatomaceous earth can be displayed effectively. Appearance design properties are improved by the surface texture and external shapes of diatomaceous lumps.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a surface building material,
It is intended for exterior building materials used when constructing finishing surfaces such as wall surfaces of buildings.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Boards and tiles having a humidity control function are used for finishing wall surfaces of buildings. As a humidity control board, there is a board obtained by mixing a hydraulic material such as gypsum with a powder of a humidity control material such as diatomaceous earth having a humidity control function and molding and curing the mixture. There is also known a humidity control tile obtained by blending a similar humidity control powder with a firing material such as clay and firing. When these building materials with a humidity control function are used for finishing the interior wall surfaces of buildings, excess humidity and moisture generated in the indoor space are absorbed by the humidity control building material. By releasing, it is possible to always maintain a constant and comfortable state of the humidity environment of the indoor space.

Diatomaceous earth is known as a humidity control material used in the above-mentioned humidity control building materials as a material which is relatively easy to obtain and handle and has an excellent humidity control function. In addition, humidifying materials such as diatomaceous earth not only absorb and release moisture and moisture, but also have a deodorizing function to adsorb and remove bad odors, a function to adsorb and remove volatile components such as formaldehyde released from other building materials, and antistatic. It also has functions, etc., and these functions have a great effect on improving the environment of the construction space.

[0004]

The above-mentioned humidity control building materials have a problem that the humidity control function of the humidifying material such as diatomaceous earth is not sufficiently exerted. The humidity control function of the humidity control building material in which the humidity control material is mixed is considerably reduced compared to the humidity control function measured for the humidity control material before being added to the building material. The reasons may be as follows. Generally, the humidity control material has a porous structure, and exhibits a humidity control function or the like by adsorbing moisture, moisture, odor, and other gas components into the inside of the porous structure. Further, the surface of the humidity control material has a chemically active structure, and it is presumed that this active structure also exerts various functions.

However, when a building material is manufactured in a state where the humidity controlling material is mixed with a building material raw material or is made into a slurry, fine particle components and the like contained in the building material raw material may fill the porous structure of the humidity controlling material, or may not be used. It is presumed that the surface of the structure was covered, so that the humidity control function originally possessed by the humidity control material was impaired. Also, the function of the humidity control material may be impaired by subjecting the building material to physical or chemical treatment such as heating in the manufacturing process. An object of the present invention is to improve the humidity control function and the like by making it possible to more efficiently use various functions of the humidity control material as a building material for a surface covering having the above-described humidity control function.

[0006]

A surface mounting material according to the present invention is a surface mounting material for constructing a wall surface of a building, comprising a base material attached to the wall surface of the building, and a side surface arranged on the surface of the base material. And a large number of diatomaceous earth blocks at least partially exposed. [Building wall] General houses, apartment houses, office buildings,
In various other buildings, the present invention is applied to a construction surface exposed on a surface such as a side wall surface, a ceiling surface, or a pillar surface in a room.
Therefore, in the present invention, the term “wall surface” does not mean only a side wall surface, that is, a wall surface in a narrow sense, but includes the above-described ceiling surface and other surfaces exposed to the surface of a building.

[0007] A surface building material may be directly attached to a wall drive made of concrete or the like or a surface of a framed structure.
A surface building material may be attached after a base structure such as plywood or gypsum board is constructed. [Base material] This structure supports the diatomaceous earth mass. Basically, the same materials as those used in ordinary surface building materials and foundation building materials are used. Specific examples include a calcical board, a gypsum board, a plywood, a wood fiber board, and the like. A laminated plate in which a plurality of these materials are combined can also be used.

[0008] As the base material, a base material having a humidity control function such as a gypsum board mixed with a humidity control material can be used. [Diatomaceous earth block] Diatomaceous earth is buried in the stratum. Some are relatively hard rocks, while others are relatively soft. The characteristics of diatomaceous earth vary depending on conditions such as the age of formation and geology, but those having moisture absorption / desorption properties, deodorization properties, gas adsorption properties, antistatic properties, far-infrared radiation properties, ion exchange functions, and the like are known. A diatomaceous earth mass is obtained by crushing or finely cutting a diatomaceous earth layer dug or cut out from the stratum. Diatomaceous earth mass can also be obtained by solidifying diatomaceous earth powder and debris.

[0009] The shape of the diatomaceous earth block may be an irregular shape such as a rock, or may have a flat surface on the side in contact with the surface of the base material so that it can be easily attached to the base material. You may. It may be a plate-like one whose opposing surfaces are parallel and flat. The planar shape may be a polygon such as a rectangle or a hexagon, or a circle. A part or all of the surface may have a curved surface such as a spherical surface. Depending on the shape of the portion of the diatomaceous earth mass that is exposed on the surface of the surface building material, the appearance design of the surface building material can be changed. In order to obtain a diatomaceous earth block having a desired shape, the outer shape of the diatomaceous earth block may be shaved or cut and shaped.

[0010] The size of the diatomaceous earth block can be appropriately set in consideration of the humidity control function, the appearance, and the like, but usually, the one having an outer diameter in the range of 20 to 100 mm is used. Here, the outer diameter is defined as the diameter of a portion having the largest dimension when the crossing diameter is measured in an arbitrary direction of the diatomaceous earth block. [Attachment of diatomaceous earth mass to base material] The diatomaceous earth mass can be attached via a binder to a base material that has been manufactured in advance in a plate shape or the like. As the binder, in addition to various building adhesives, a hydraulic material such as gypsum or cement can also be used. The diatomaceous earth block can be fixed to the base material using nails or metal fittings.

In the case where the base material is formed and manufactured by converting the raw material into a slurry, the diatomaceous earth block can be integrally attached at the same time as the formation and manufacture of the base material. In particular,
The material of the base material can be poured in a state where the diatomaceous earth block is arranged in the forming die of the base material to form the base material. After arranging the diatomaceous earth blocks side by side on the surface of the pre-produced plate-shaped base material, pour the curable slurry so as to fill between the diatomite blocks,
Part of the diatomaceous earth mass can also be embedded in the hardened layer of the slurry. Gypsum or cement can be used for the curable slurry. Synthetic resin liquid can also be used.

After the diatomaceous earth mass is attached to the base material, processing steps such as drying and firing of the base material can be performed. In this case, it is preferable to adopt processing conditions that do not impair the function of the diatomaceous earth block in these processing steps. In any of the above methods, the diatomaceous earth mass is arranged side by side on the surface of the base material, and at least a part of the surface of the diatomaceous earth mass is exposed. As the amount of exposure of the diatomaceous earth mass increases, the humidity control function of the surface of the diatomaceous earth mass can be better exhibited. By embedding a part of the diatomaceous earth mass in a base material, a binder, or the above-described hydraulic material, the diatomaceous earth mass is strongly fixed to the base material.

In the case where the diatomaceous earth block has a flat surface in part, the diatomaceous earth block can be stably attached to the base material by bringing the flat surface into contact with the surface of the base material. A binder can be applied to a flat surface and attached to a substrate. When embedding a part of the diatomaceous earth block at the same time as the molding of the base material, it is possible to enhance the integrity of the diatomaceous earth body with the base material by providing a concave-convex shape having an anchoring function in the embedded part of the diatomaceous earth body. The diatomaceous earth block may be arranged on the surface of the base material in close proximity to the front, rear, left and right, or may be arranged with a certain gap between the diatomite blocks. Diatomaceous earth blocks may be arranged vertically and horizontally, may be arranged in a staggered pattern, or may be arranged irregularly.

When a plate-shaped diatomaceous earth block is used, it can be attached to a base material by using the same material and work procedure as those used in ordinary tile construction. [Filling Material Layer] When there is a gap between the diatomaceous earth blocks, a filler layer that fills the gap can be provided. By providing the filler layer, the surface of the base material can be prevented from being exposed to the outside, and the attachment of the diatomaceous earth block can be strengthened. For the filler layer, a hydraulic material such as gypsum or mortar, a curable resin material, or the like can be used. Jointing materials for tiles can also be used. A humidity control material such as diatomaceous earth powder may be blended in the filler layer. A coloring material may be added.

The surface of the filler layer can be finished flat between the diatomaceous earth blocks, and the surface of the filler layer can be provided with regular or irregular irregularities. [Diatomaceous earth layer] A diatomaceous earth layer can be provided between the diatomaceous earth blocks on the surface of the base material. Thereby, even in a place where the diatomaceous earth block does not exist in the surface-mounting building material, an excellent humidity control function or the like can be exhibited by the diatomaceous earth layer. In addition, by forming the surface of the surface-mounting building material with the same material of the diatomaceous earth block and the diatomaceous earth layer, it is possible to give a unified appearance and texture.

The diatomaceous earth layer is composed of granular diatomaceous earth that is sufficiently smaller than the diatomaceous earth mass. Specifically, the outer diameter is 0.5 to 2
A diameter of about mm is used. The diatomaceous earth particle layer can be fixed to the base material using the above-mentioned binder, hydraulic material, or the like. Before molding or after curing after molding,
By disposing the diatomaceous earth particles on the surface of the base material, the diatomaceous earth particle layer can be fixed simultaneously with the hardening of the base material. The diatomaceous earth layer is arranged such that at least a part of the surface of the diatomaceous earth particles constituting the layer is exposed. The surface of the diatomaceous earth layer
It is preferable that the binder, the hydraulic material, and the like are not covered.

The thickness of the diatomaceous earth grain layer may be such that the diatomaceous earth grains are arranged in a single layer, or may be such that the diatomaceous earth grain layer is formed in a state where the diatomaceous earth grains are stacked to some extent. However, if the diatomaceous earth layer is too thick, many of the diatomaceous earth particles will be buried in a binder or a hydraulic material that fixes the diatomaceous earth layer to the base material, making it difficult to sufficiently exert the function of the diatomaceous earth. . When the above-mentioned filler layer is provided, the surface of the filler layer can be covered with a diatomaceous earth layer. Thereby, a good humidity control function or the like can be exerted even at the location of the filler layer.

[Surface-mounting construction material] The surface-mounting construction material can be formed in the same shape as ordinary boards, or can be formed in a relatively small tile shape. In addition to a rectangular shape, a band shape or a shape having a circular shape or the like can be used in accordance with construction conditions. The surface building material can be applied to any place as long as it is a finished surface exposed on the surface of the building. Specifically, the present invention can be applied not only to the wall surface of a general living room but also to the wall surface of a plumbing place such as a bathroom. A ceiling surface can also be configured. If a diatomaceous earth block having a flat surface is used, a surface building material can be used for the floor surface.

[0019]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A surface mounting building material B shown in FIG.
And a diatomaceous earth block 20, a filler layer 30, and a diatomaceous earth layer 32. The base material 10 is formed of a calical plate (thickness: 6 mm) having a flat surface. The diatomaceous earth block 20 has an irregular block shape as a whole, and only one surface 22 is formed flat. The diatomaceous earth block 20 is arranged with the flat surface 22 in contact with the surface of the substrate 10. Diatomaceous earth block 2
0 is an outer diameter of 20 to 40 mm, and a height of 15 to 2 from the flat surface 22
It is of 0 mm.

The diatomaceous earth blocks 20 are arranged side by side at a certain interval on the surface of the substrate 10. The distance between the diatomaceous earth blocks 20 is 4
It is set in the range of 0 to 80 mm. The filler layer 30
It is made of a hydraulic material such as gypsum and has a thickness of 3 mm. By forming and curing the filler layer 30,
The diatomaceous earth block 20 is fixed to the base material 10. Most of the diatomaceous earth block 20 is exposed above the filler layer 30. Filler layer 3
On the surface of No. 0, a diatomaceous earth layer 32 made of diatomaceous earth grains having an average particle diameter of 1 mm is provided. The diatomaceous earth grains are substantially arranged in a single layer. After the filler layer 30 is formed and before it is cured, diatomaceous earth particles are sprayed on the surface thereof, so that the diatomaceous earth particle layer 32 is fixed to and integrated with the filler layer 30.

The appearance of the exterior building material B is such that the diatomaceous earth block 20 is partially protruded and arranged on the flat surface of the diatomaceous earth layer 32. It can exhibit a unique design as if it were a natural rock surface. If the exterior building material B is used for finishing the interior wall surface of a house, the diatomaceous earth block 2 of the exterior building material B can be used.
0 can exhibit a good moisture absorption / release function. The diatomaceous earth block 20 having a three-dimensional shape has a large surface area through which moisture enters and exits, and has a sufficient internal volume for retaining moisture, so that it has quick moisture absorption / desorption properties and a large capacity moisture absorption capacity. The diatomaceous earth block 20 has neither the outer surface nor the inner surface of the porous structure covered with another material and has not been subjected to a treatment that impairs the activity of the surface. The moisture function can be efficiently exhibited. In addition, in addition to the humidity control function, a deodorizing function, an antistatic function, a far-infrared function, and the like are also exhibited.

[Embedded Structure in Base Material] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a part of the diatomaceous earth block 20 is embedded in the base material 10. The substrate 10 is made of a gypsum board. When the gypsum board is formed and manufactured, the diatomaceous earth blocks 20 are arranged side by side so as to be pressed into the molded board before hardening, and a part of the gypsum board is embedded in the surface of the base material 10 made of the hardened gypsum board. The diatomaceous earth block 20 in the closed state is arranged. A diatomaceous earth grain layer 32 is provided in a gap between the diatomaceous earth blocks 20 on the surface of the base material 10. The diatomaceous earth layer 32 is formed by spraying diatomaceous earth particles after the formation of the gypsum board serving as the base material 10 and then curing the gypsum board, thereby forming the diatomaceous earth layer 32 into the base material 1.
0.

In the above embodiment, since a part of the diatomaceous earth block 20 is embedded in the base material 10, the integrity of the diatomaceous earth block 20 and the base material 10 is enhanced. Also, since the volume of the diatomaceous earth block 20 is large by the amount embedded in the base material 10, the moisture absorption capacity increases. [Tile-like diatomaceous earth block] The embodiment shown in FIG. 3 uses a tile-shaped diatomaceous earth block 20 processed into a plate shape. The upper and lower surfaces of the diatomaceous earth block 20 are flat surfaces 22. Diatomaceous earth block 2
The plane shape of 0 is a rectangular shape similar to a normal fired tile or the like. The tile-shaped diatomaceous earth block 20 is joined to the surface of the base material 10 made of the same calcical plate as described above via a binder such as mortar. Concrete work is performed in the same manner as ordinary tile construction. A filler layer 30 is formed between the diatomaceous earth blocks 20 in the same manner as in the joint construction in tile construction.

Although the exterior building material having such a structure is similar in appearance to the tile wall surface, the diatomaceous earth block 20 is used in place of the fired tile, so the surface texture and appearance design are unique. Diatomaceous earth mass 20
The high humidity control function and the deodorizing function which are possessed are effectively exhibited. Such a function is remarkably superior to that obtained by mixing diatomaceous earth with the raw material of the fired tile. [Comparison of Humidity Control Function] The performance of a surface-mounting building material using a diatomaceous earth block having the structure shown in FIG. 1 and a normal fired tile were compared.

<Sample> [1] Example: Surface-mounting construction material (using diatomaceous earth block) As a diatomite raw material, natural zeolite: manufactured by Nitto Powder Chemical Co., Ltd., having an average outer diameter of 30 mm and an average height of 18 mm was used. Then, diatomaceous earth particles having an average outer diameter of 1 mm were produced to produce a surface mounting material having the structure shown in FIG. [2] Comparative example: fired tile Plain interior wall tile manufactured by INAX Co., Ltd. Brand name Misty Kiramic / brand glaze Dimensions 197.75 × 197.75 × 5.5 mm <Humidity test> JITM-H6302: 1999 “Tone” The moisture absorption / desorption performance was measured in accordance with the “Method of testing moisture absorption / desorption of wet building materials”.

<Test Results> As shown in FIG. 4, the surface-mounting building material using the diatomaceous earth block of the example has a much larger amount of moisture absorption and desorption than the fired tile of the comparative example while having the same shape and size. It was confirmed that the humidity control function was much better.

[0027]

According to the present invention, since the diatomaceous earth block is attached to the base material as it is, excellent functions such as a humidity control function of the diatomaceous earth block can be effectively exhibited. When a tile or the like is manufactured by mixing with other materials, the problem that the function based on the porous structure of diatomaceous earth or the like is lost is solved. In addition, the surface texture and outer shape of the diatomaceous earth block provide a very unique appearance design that is difficult to obtain with conventional surface building materials.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of a performance comparison test.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Substrate 20 Diatomaceous earth block 22 Flat surface 30 Filler layer 32 Diatomaceous earth grain layer B Exterior building material

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Tetsuo Yasuda 1-4-1 Shinsenri Nishimachi, Toyonaka-shi, Osaka National Housing Industry Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2E110 AA16 AA64 AB03 AB04 AB05 AB23 AB42 BA02 BB01 BB22 GA30W GB12W GB15X GB16W GB16X GB18W GB23W GB23X GB42W GB62X 4F100 AC04B AC04C AE06 AE09 AT00A BA02 BA03 BA04 BA07 BA10A BA10B BA41 CA23D DC22B DE01C DE06B GB08 JB12D JD14 JD16 YY00B

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A building material to be installed on a wall surface of a building, the base material being attached to the wall surface of the building, and arranged side by side on the surface of the base material, at least a part of the surface being exposed. And a number of diatomaceous earth blocks. 2. The surface building material according to claim 1, wherein the diatomaceous earth block has an outer diameter in a range of 20 to 100 mm. 3. The surface building material according to claim 1, further comprising a filler layer that fills a space between the diatomaceous earth blocks on the surface of the base material. 4. The surface mounting building material according to claim 1, further comprising a diatomaceous earth particle layer disposed between the diatomaceous earth mass on the surface of the base material and at least a part of the surface is exposed. 5. The surface building material according to claim 1, wherein the diatomaceous earth block has a flat surface in contact with the surface of the base material. 6. The surface building material according to claim 1, wherein a part of the diatomaceous earth mass is embedded in the base material. 7. The diatomaceous earth mass is plate-shaped.
A surface-mounting building material according to any one of the above.