JP2001276665A - Centrifugal separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a centrifugal separator which can adequately discharge materials deposited within the device at an adequate time. SOLUTION: The centrifugal separator 1 has a frame 2, a drive shaft 3, a cap 7 which is connected to the drive shaft and rotates, a scraper 10 and a rotor 11 which is insulated against the cap and scraper, is connected to the cap and houses the scraper. The rotor and cap insulated from each other are connected by a circuit 23 and the circuit is provided with a power source and an ammeter. When sludge deposits on the scraper by centrifugal separation, and the scraper and the rotor are conducted, the circuit is conducted and current flows. This current is detected by the ammeter.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a centrifugal separator used for separating impurities in a fluid. The centrifugal separator of the present invention can be used for cleaning lubricating oil and the like mixed with conductive impurities such as iron powder or aluminum powder used in internal combustion engines for private power generation or diesel engines that are main engines of ships. Can be used for

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A centrifugal separator is used for purifying lubricating oil used in an internal combustion engine for in-house power generation or a diesel engine of a ship. This centrifugal separator introduces lubricating oil into a rotating container and separates sludge, which is a substance in the oil, by a difference in specific gravity. The separated sludge accumulates on the inner peripheral wall in the container.

[0003] It has been difficult to detect externally that sludge has accumulated inside the container of a centrifugal separator rotating at high speed. For this reason, conventionally, sludge has been regularly discharged at regular intervals determined by a timer.

[0004]

Since the operation of discharging sludge in the conventional centrifugal separator is performed without confirming the actual state of sludge accumulation inside the container of the separator, inappropriate results may be caused. Was. That is, in the conventional apparatus, even when the sludge accumulation is small, the sludge is periodically discharged, so that the operation time is wasted. Also, in the case of lubricating oil with a large amount of sludge, excessive sludge accumulates inside the container at the conventional regular discharge time interval,
There was a possibility that the centrifugal separation operation was defective. further,
When sludge discharge failure occurs for some reason and sludge is excessively accumulated inside the container, there is a problem that it is impossible to detect the sludge.

[0005] It is an object of the present invention to provide a centrifugal separator capable of discharging a substance deposited therein at an appropriate time.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a centrifugal separator for separating a substance containing a substance from a liquid containing the substance by centrifugal force. A rotor (11) that is provided electrically insulated from the main body and rotates at a predetermined position of the main body to separate the substance from the liquid introduced therein; A circuit (23, coil 31) formed between the main body and the rotor so as to be conductive by the accumulation of a substance, and detecting means (power supply 21 and ammeter 2) for detecting the continuity of the circuit;
2, a magnet 32, a lamp 33, and a light receiving element 34).

A centrifugal separator according to claim 2 (1).
2. The centrifugal separator according to claim 1, wherein said detecting means has a power source (21) connected to said circuit (23) and a current detecting means (ammeter 22), and said substance is deposited. When the circuit is turned on, the current detecting means detects that a current has flowed through the circuit.

[0008] The centrifugal separator according to claim 3 (3)
0) The centrifugal separator according to claim 1, wherein the circuit (coil 31) is formed on the rotor (11) on which the circuit (coil 31) rotates, and the detecting means generates a magnetic field across the rotating circuit. It has a generating means (magnet 32) and a notifying means (lamp 33) provided in the circuit,
A current generated in the circuit rotating in the magnetic field when the circuit becomes conductive due to the deposition of the substance is configured to activate the notification means.

A centrifugal separator according to claim 4 (1).
A centrifugal separator for separating a substance from a liquid containing the substance by centrifugal force, comprising: a main body (frame 2); and a drive shaft (3) provided at a predetermined position of the main body and rotating.
A lid (7) connected to the drive shaft and rotating; a scraper (10) connected to the drive shaft and rotating;
The scraper is connected to the lid so as to be insulated from the lid, and the scraper is housed inside so as to be insulated from the scraper. A rotor (11) that separates the substance from the liquid and a member that is formed between the rotor and a member that is insulated from the rotor, and that is configured to be conductive by the deposition of the substance in the rotor. Circuit (23), a power supply (21) connected to the circuit, and a current detecting means (ammeter 22) connected to the circuit, and when the circuit becomes conductive due to the deposition of the substance. The current detection means is configured to detect that a current has flowed through the circuit.

The centrifugal separator (3) according to claim 5
0) is a centrifugal separator that separates the substance from the liquid containing the substance by centrifugal force.
A drive shaft (3) provided at a predetermined position of the main body and rotating; and a lid (7) connected to the drive shaft and rotating.
And a scraper (1) connected to the drive shaft and rotating.
0), while being connected to the lid so as to be insulated from the lid, accommodating the scraper inside so as to be insulated from the scraper, and rotating together with the lid. A rotor (11) for separating the substance from the liquid introduced therein; and a rotor disposed along the surface of the rotor and formed between the rotor and the lid, wherein the substance in the rotor is provided. A circuit (coil 31) configured to conduct by the accumulation of the magnetic field, a magnetic field generating means (magnet 32) for generating a magnetic field crossing the circuit rotating with the rotor, and a notifying means (lamp 33) provided in the circuit. ) Wherein the current generated in the circuit rotating in the magnetic field when the circuit is turned on by the deposition of the substance activates the notification means. To have.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This centrifuge is
This is a device that separates a solid substance such as sludge contained in the lubricating oil by using a specific gravity difference by rotating a liquid such as lubricating oil at a high speed.

Referring to FIG. 1, a centrifugal separator 1 according to a first embodiment will be described.
The structure of will be described. A vertical drive shaft 3 is rotatably provided on a frame 2 which is a main body of the present apparatus. The drive shaft 3 is rotatably supported by a bearing 4 attached to the lower surface of the frame 2. A drive chain 6 is hung via a gear 5 on the upper end of the drive shaft 3 protruding toward the upper surface of the frame 2. When the drive chain 6 is driven by a drive source (not shown), the drive shaft 3 is driven to rotate at a predetermined position on the frame 2.

A cover 7 is connected to the drive shaft 3 on the lower surface side of the frame 2. Although the lid 7 is substantially disc-shaped as a whole, a cylindrical portion 8 for receiving the bearing portion 4 is formed at the center. The lower end of the drive shaft 3 penetrates through the lid 7 and projects to the lower surface side of the lid 7.

Below the cover 7, the drive shaft 3
A plurality of plate-shaped scrapers 9 are connected to the lower end of the sheet through a connecting member 9.

A cylindrical rotor 11 having upper and lower surfaces opened is connected to the lower surface of the lid 7. The scraper 10 is housed inside the rotor 11 and faces the inner peripheral surface of the rotor 11 at a small interval without contacting the inner peripheral surface of the rotor 11.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing an assembly structure of the lid 7, the scraper 10, and the rotor 11. As shown in FIG. That is, the scraper 10 enters the inside of the rotor 11 from the open upper surface side, and the lid 7 closes the upper surface. Although not shown in FIG. 2, the drive shaft 3, the lid 7, and the scraper 10 are integrated, and the rotor 11 is connected to the lid 7.
Therefore, when the drive shaft 3 rotates, the lid 7 and the scraper 10
Then, the rotor 11 rotates.

As shown in FIG. 3, the edge 12 of the scraper 10 which is in contact with the inner surface of the rotor 11 is made of a hard and electrically nonconductive material. Alternatively, a surface treatment having such properties is performed.

Accordingly, the scraper 10 is housed inside the rotor 11 and is in close contact with the rotor 11 at a small interval. However, as long as at least a considerable amount of conductive foreign matter does not adhere to the scraper 10, the scraper 10 and the rotor 11 Are electrically insulated.

FIG. 4 is a front view schematically showing a state where the lid 7 and the rotor 11 are assembled. Part A in FIG. 4 is a connection part where the lid 7 and the rotor 11 are in contact. FIG. 5 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view thereof. As shown in FIG. 5, the lid 7 and the rotor 11 are connected by bolts and nuts 13.
A packing 14 made of an electrically insulating material is provided between them, a lining material 15 made of an electrically insulating material such as rubber is provided in a bolt hole, and a bolt nut 1 is further provided.
3 is a washer 1 made of ABS resin which is an electrically insulating material.
6 are interposed.

Accordingly, although the rotor 11 is mechanically connected to the lid 7, it is electrically insulated from the lid 7.

As described above, the rotor 11 has a structure that rotates together with the lid 7 and the scraper 10, but is electrically insulated from the components of the apparatus other than the rotor 11.

As shown in FIG. 1, an introduction pipe 18 for introducing lubricating oil to be treated into the rotor 11 is disposed in the opening 17 on the lower surface side of the rotor 11. The introduction pipe 18 is routed horizontally below the apparatus, and rises vertically at the opening 17 so as to coincide with the center of the drive shaft 3.
The lubricating oil that has entered the rotor 11 from this exits the sludge by centrifugation and then exits through the discharge hole 19 of the lid 7 and is discharged from the discharge pipe 2.
Emitted from 0.

As shown in FIG. 1, a circuit 23 having a power supply 21 and an ammeter 22 as current detecting means is formed between the lid 7 and the rotor 11. That is, the negative side of the power supply is connected to the lid 7, and the positive side of the power supply is connected to the rotor 11 via the brush 24. As described above, since the rotor 11 is electrically insulated from parts other than the rotor 11 of the present apparatus, the circuit 23 is normally in a disconnected state.

The operation of the present apparatus will be described. Drive shaft 3
To rotate the lid 7, the rotor 11, and the scraper 10. Lubricating oil is supplied from the introduction pipe 18 into the rotor 11. The lubricating oil is blown to the inner peripheral wall of the rotor 11 by centrifugal force. Since sludge such as carbon contained in the lubricating oil is heavier than the lubricating oil, it is deposited on the outermost wall of the inner peripheral wall of the rotor 11 by centrifugal force. If the centrifugal separation is continued while changing the lubricating oil, the sludge accumulation becomes thicker.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the sludge 25 deposits exceed the non-conductive portion of the edge 12 of the scraper 10,
The scraper 10 and the rotor 11 conduct. As a result, a current flows through the circuit 23.

Depending on the type of the lubricating oil, the circuit 23 may conduct to allow a current to flow even when the sludge is floating in the lubricating oil, but the current value is generally low.
As described above, a large amount of current flows when sludge is deposited and the density is increased. If the current flowing through the circuit 23 in a state where the sludge is floating in the lubricating oil and the relationship between the type of the lubricating oil and the amount of sludge deposited and the current value are checked in advance, the value of the ammeter 22 is at a certain limit value. Is exceeded, it can be determined that sludge has accumulated in the rotor 11. Alternatively, the amount of sludge deposited can be detected based on the current value.

The structure of the centrifugal separator 30 of the second example will be described with reference to FIGS. Since the structure of the mechanical part of the centrifugal separator 30 is the same as that of the first example, the same reference numerals as in the first example are used in the drawings of the present example, and the description is omitted. The first example is different from the present example in a method of detecting that a circuit provided between the rotor 11 and a portion other than the rotor 11 is conductive due to sludge accumulation. In the first example, the power supply current is detected, whereas in the present example, the current generated by rotating the circuit 31 together with the rotor 11 in a magnetic field is detected. The current caused by the induced electromotive force is recognized by the notification means.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a coil 31 as a circuit is disposed on the outer surface of the rotor 11. Coil 31
Is connected to the rotor 11 and the other end is connected to the lid 7. As shown in FIG.
Are arranged in parallel with the drive shaft 3 on the outer peripheral surface of the drive shaft 3. As described above, the lid 7 is in contact with the scraper 10,
Although both are conducting, the rotor 11 is insulated from these members. That is, since the portions other than the rotor 11 and the rotor 11 are electrically insulated, this circuit (coil 31) is normally in a disconnected state. However, rotor 1
If the inner peripheral surface of the coil 1 and the scraper 10 are electrically connected by sludge, the coil 31 forms a closed loop circuit.

As shown in FIG. 6, a magnet 32 as a magnetic field generating means is arranged around the rotor 11. The magnet 32 generates a magnetic field that crosses a circuit of a coil 31 provided on the rotating rotor 11. When the coil 31 is rotated in a magnetic field together with the rotor 11 when the coil 31 is closed by the sludge, an induced electromotive force is generated in the coil 31 and a current flows.

A lamp 33 is connected to the coil 31 as a notifying means. The lamp 33 is mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 11. When a current flows through the coil 31, the lamp 33 is turned on. A light receiving element 34 is arranged near the rotor 11 at the height of the position where the lamp 33 of the rotor 11 is attached. The light receiving element 34 detects the light emission of the lamp 33 and sends an output signal to control means (not shown). The control means measures the peak value of the light from the lamp 33 based on the signal from the light receiving element 34 to determine the accumulation of sludge.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for explaining the principle of turning on the lamp 33 in this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8, the coil 31 whose circuit has been cut by the switch B is placed in a magnetic field. Since the coil 31 is attached to the rotor 11 of the centrifugal separator 30, it rotates in a magnetic field. The switch B is formed between the non-conductive portion (edge 12) of the scraper 10 and the inner peripheral surface of the rotor 11 adjacent to the non-conductive portion. When the rotor 11 and the scraper 10 come into contact with each other due to sludge accumulation, the switch B is closed and the closed coil 3 is closed.
1 is formed, a current flows through the circuit, and the lamp 33 is turned on.

The operation of the present apparatus will be described. When the centrifugal separation is continued and the sludge of the lubricating oil accumulates on the inner peripheral surface of the rotor 11 beyond the non-conductive portion of the edge 12 of the scraper 10, the scraper 10 and the rotor 11 are electrically connected, and the circuit of the coil 31 is connected. It is formed. Coil 3 in magnetic field
Since 1 crosses over, electric power is generated in the coil 31 and the lamp 33 is turned on.

The electric power generated in the coil 31 varies depending on the type of lubricating oil and the amount of sludge. And lamp 3
The light emission luminance of the light emitting element 3 is linearly changed by the power generated in the coil 31. The light receiving element 34 detects the light of the lamp 33. Since the lamp 33 rotates together with the rotor 11, the light receiving element 34 receives pulsed light. Further, since the power generated in the coil 31 is an alternating current, the light receiving element 3 is located at a position where the generated power is the largest.
4 is installed. The control means receiving the signal from the light receiving element 34 measures the peak value of the light from the lamp 33 to determine the presence or absence of the volume of the sludge or the amount of the deposited sludge,
An alarm signal is issued to the outside, and if necessary, the centrifugal separator 30
A signal to automatically discharge the sludge.

In the two examples described above, a circuit interrupted between members other than the rotor and the rotor is provided, and the cut-off portion of the circuit is closed by the accumulated sludge to form a closed circuit. is there. As means for detecting that the interrupted portion of the circuit is electrically connected by sludge, any electric or magnetic means other than the above-described structure and method can be employed.

[0035]

According to the present invention, since a cut circuit is formed between the rotor of the centrifugal separator and other parts, and the circuit is formed as a closed loop by the accumulated sludge,
This can be electrically detected to detect sludge accumulation. Therefore, it is possible to discharge the separated substance such as sludge at an appropriate time.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first example of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded perspective view of a main part in a first example.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing the scraper in the first example.

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a main part in the first example.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion A in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a second example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic exploded perspective view of a main part in a second example.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for explaining the principle of detecting circuit continuity in the second example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 30: centrifugal separator, 2: frame as main body,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 ... drive shaft, 7 ... lid, 10 ... scraper, 11 ... rotor, 21 ... power supply which is a part of detection means, 22 ... ammeter as current detection means which is a part of detection means, 23 ... circuit, 31: a coil as a circuit; 32, a magnet as a magnetic field generating means constituting a detecting means; 33, a lamp as a notifying means constituting a detecting means.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A centrifugal separator for separating a substance from a liquid containing the substance by centrifugal force, wherein the centrifugal separator is provided electrically insulated from the main body, and is rotated at a predetermined position of the main body. A rotor that separates the substance from the liquid introduced therein; a circuit formed between the main body and the rotor so as to conduct by the deposition of the substance in the rotor; A centrifugal separator comprising: a detection unit configured to detect conduction. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the detecting means includes a power supply connected to the circuit and a current detecting means, and the current detecting means supplies a current to the circuit when the circuit becomes conductive due to the deposition of the substance. 2. The centrifugal separator according to claim 1, wherein the centrifugal separator is configured to detect the flow. 3. The circuit is formed on the rotating rotor, and the detecting means includes: a magnetic field generating means for generating a magnetic field crossing the rotating circuit; and a notifying means provided on the circuit. The centrifugal separator according to claim 1, wherein a current generated in the circuit rotating in the magnetic field when the circuit is turned on by the deposition of the substance activates the notification means. 4. A centrifugal separator for separating a substance from a liquid containing the substance by centrifugal force, comprising: a main body; a drive shaft provided at a predetermined position of the main body and rotating; A lid, a scraper that is connected to the drive shaft and rotates; and a scraper that is connected to the lid so as to be insulated from the lid and that is internally insulated from the scraper. And a rotor that separates the substance from the liquid introduced therein by rotating together with the lid, and the rotor is formed between the rotor and a member that is insulated from the rotor. A circuit configured to be conductive by the deposition of the substance within, a power supply connected to the circuit, and a current detection unit connected to the circuit, A centrifugal separator, wherein the current detecting means detects that a current has flowed through the circuit when the circuit becomes conductive due to deposition. 5. A centrifugal separator for separating a substance from a liquid containing the substance by centrifugal force, comprising: a main body; a driving shaft provided at a predetermined position of the main body and rotating; and a rotation connected to the driving shaft. A lid, a scraper that is connected to the drive shaft and rotates; and a scraper that is connected to the lid so as to be insulated from the lid and that is internally insulated from the scraper. And a rotor that separates the substance from the liquid introduced therein by rotating with the lid, and disposed along the surface of the rotor between the rotor and the lid. A circuit formed and configured to conduct by deposition of the substance in the rotor; and a magnetic field generating means for generating a magnetic field across the circuit rotating with the rotor. A notification unit provided in the circuit, wherein the current generated in the circuit rotating in the magnetic field when the circuit is turned on by the deposition of the substance is configured to operate the notification unit. Separation device.