JP2001271601A - Complete expansion type joint engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve practical use of a quiet engine, having high thermal efficiency and explosive sound which is not accompanied with exhaust of combustion gas, by expanding energy of high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas in a cylinder, until the pressure equals the atmospheric pressure and converting the energy into effective powder, in a reciprocating internal combustion engine. SOLUTION: A piston and a crankshaft are connected to each other by a connecting rod composed of two arms joined by a joint, and the joint part is moved circularly or linearly, to vary the stroke length of the reciprocating piston long and short every second time so that the volume in the cylinder in expansion and exhaust strokes is larger than that in intake and compression strokes.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mechanism for converting exhaust energy of a reciprocating internal combustion engine into effective output in the engine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional reciprocating internal combustion engine, a piston and a crankshaft are directly connected by a single connecting rod, so that the reciprocating length of the piston becomes equal to the rotation diameter of the crankpin. The displacement volume of the suction / compression stroke of the piston is equal to the displacement volume of the expansion / exhaust stroke.

[0003]

In an engine having a structure in which the displacement volume of the piston is equal in reciprocation, the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas which has ignited and entered the expansion process cannot be completely expanded in the cylinder, and a large explosion sound is generated when exhausting. With it releases energy into the atmosphere. That is, there is a problem that the combustion gas cannot completely expand in the cylinder until the pressure becomes equal to the atmospheric pressure.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In a conventional reciprocating internal combustion engine, the strokes of the pistons in the intake / compression stroke and the expansion / exhaust stroke cannot be changed because the piston and the crankshaft are one in one. Because it was directly connected by the connecting rod of the book. In the present invention, the connecting rod connecting the piston and the crankshaft is divided into two connecting rods, and the connecting rods are connected by a joint so that the length of the piston stroke in the suction / compression stroke and the expansion / exhaust stroke can be changed. I made it.

The details of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining the operation principle. The connecting rod connecting the crankshaft 13 and the piston 11 is a two-piece assembly type connecting the upper arm 1 and the lower arm 2 with the joint pin 6.
Is fixed to the slider 14 so that it can move only in the horizontal direction. The state shown in FIG. 1 is a state in which the joint pin 6 is located immediately below (b) the cylinder 12, the piston 11 is at the top dead center, and the volume in the cylinder 12 is the minimum.

When the crankshaft 13 starts rotating in the direction of the arrow, the articulating pin 6 slides on the slider 14 and moves in the direction of A, and the piston 11 is pulled down because it is connected by the upper arm 1. The volume increases,
The engine goes into the intake process. When the crank pin 8 reaches the position α, the joint pin 6 reaches the top dead center (A), the movement of the piston 11 is reversed, and the compression process starts. When the crank pin 8 comes to the position "c", the joint pin 6 is just below the cylinder, the compression process ends, and the fuel gas mixture in the cylinder 12 is ignited. The combustion gas expands and the piston 1
1, the joint pin 6 is pushed out in the direction B, the joint pin 6 expands to the position of the bottom dead center (C), and the crank pin 8 expands to the position of b. After passing the point b, the piston 11 rises and enters an exhaust process.

[0007]

In the case of FIG. 1, the piston 11 makes two reciprocations while the crankshaft 13 makes one revolution, but the reciprocation distances are different. That is, the intake / compression process of the piston 11 is short, and the expansion / exhaust process is long. The length can be adjusted by selecting the length of the lower arm 2 of the connecting rod. By this adjustment, all the expansion energy of the combustion gas is absorbed by the movement of the piston in the cylinder, so that unnecessary energy is not discharged to the exhaust gas.

The difference in the stroke of the piston 11 appears in the distribution of the rotation angle of the crankshaft 13. While the position of the crankpin 8 is d → α, the suction process is performed, α → c is the compression process, and c → b.
Denotes an expansion process, and b → d denotes an exhaust process. The intake valve 3 and the exhaust valve 4 open and close in accordance with the rotation angle of the crankshaft 13. The mechanism is the same as that of a conventional engine. Open only during b → d.

[0009]

FIG. 1 shows a structure in which a cylinder 12 is arranged on one side of a slider 14, while FIG. 2 shows a structure in which the cylinder 12 is arranged on both sides so that the slider 14 receives the force received from the piston 11 from both sides.

With this structure, the component forces in the direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the slider 14 of the forces received from the pistons 11 on both sides cancel each other out, so that mechanical loss can be reduced.

This mechanism in which the cylinders 12 are arranged facing each other with the slider 14 interposed therebetween,
In the case of a two-cylinder engine, the direction of the cylinder 12 is changed by 90 degrees, and an engine having a structure in which the axis of the cylinder 12 is parallel to the axis of the crankshaft 13 can be obtained.

FIG. 3 shows a structure in which the joints are not linearly moved but are circularly moved. In the slider system of FIG. 1, the joint portion makes a linear motion, so that the length of sliding friction increases, and the friction loss increases. In order to reduce the loss,
Set the joint pin 6 at the free end of the swing arm 15,
The circular motion can be performed around the fixed fulcrum pin 5.

In this case, the friction loss is
Since only the pivoting motion of the fulcrum pin 5 is used, it is significantly reduced. Even with this structure, the intake / compression and expansion /
The proportion of the stroke length of the exhaust is determined by the selection of the length of the lower arm 2, which is the same as the structure in FIG. 1.

In the case where the joint between the upper arm 1 and the lower arm 2 of the connecting rod is connected only with the joint pin 6, the design may be difficult, and in this case, the auxiliary joint pin 6 'as shown in FIGS. Even if the structure is prepared separately, the function is the same.

[0015]

According to the present invention, as described above, the stroke of the reciprocating motion of the piston 11 can be made into two stages, so that the displacement volume can be changed between the suction / compression stroke and the expansion / exhaust stroke of the piston 11, The complete expansion of the combustion gas to atmospheric pressure can now take place in the cylinder 12. As a result, the noise generated together with the exhaust from the engine is not emitted, and the combustion gas completely expands in the cylinder 12, so that
The output increased accordingly, and the temperature of the exhaust gas decreased.

Since the piston 11 reciprocates two times while the crankshaft 13 makes one revolution, in the case of a conventional four-stroke engine, two revolutions of the crankshaft are completed in one revolution. Therefore, even a single-cylinder engine has the same function as a conventional two-cylinder engine, so that the mechanism can be designed to be compact for the output.

[0017]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an articulated slide type engine for explaining an operation principle.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a joint swing type engine.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of an articulated sliding opposed two-cylinder balanced engine.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view when an auxiliary joint pin is used in an articulated slide type engine.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the case where an auxiliary joint pin is used in an articulated swing type engine. Description of parts with reference numerals 1, upper arm 2, lower arm 3, suction valve 4, exhaust valve 5, fulcrum pin 6, joint pin 6 'auxiliary joint pin 7, piston pin 8, crank pin 11, piston 12, cylinder 13, crank shaft 14, slider 15, swing arm

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A reciprocating engine in which a piston and a crankshaft are connected by a connecting rod having one joint therebetween.
Complete expansion that allows the piston to make two reciprocating movements with different stroke lengths during one revolution of the crankshaft by fixing the joint part to the slider and making the movement a linear movement along the slider Type joint engine. 2. A reciprocating engine in which a piston and a crankshaft are connected by a connecting rod having one joint therebetween.
By setting the joint part to the free end of the arm that swings around the fixed fulcrum, and making the circular motion along with the rotation of the crankshaft, the piston can reciprocate with different stroke lengths during one rotation of the crankshaft. 2. The fully inflatable joint engine according to claim 1, wherein the engine can be operated twice.