JP2001269080A - Method for preservation or transportation of live squid and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an innovative method for the preservation and transportation of live squid to consumers enabling high-density transportation of live squid, achieving the survival time of >=48 hr remarkably exceeding 24 hr of the conventional method and the survival rate of >90% and allowing the return of the transportation truck loaded with other cargo after the unloading of the live squid to reduce the transportation cost. SOLUTION: The objective method for the preservation and transportation of live squid comprises a means to keep the dissolved oxygen level of the squid- preservation sea water at >=2 mg/L and a pH controlling means to control of the sea water to 6.8-9. An apparatus for achieving the method is also disclosed in the specification.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for storing or transporting live squid.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in order to ship live, live squid to consumers, it is necessary to fill seawater, control temperature, perform mechanical filtration,
Live fish transport trucks that combine biological filtration and / or aeration are used. Even with such technology, only one live fish can be stored and transported in seawater per m3.
It is only 2-25 kg. The survival rate decreases with the time required for transportation and depends on the type of squid and the equipment used, but is typically limited to 12 to 20 hours.

[0003] In addition, live fish transport trucks transport goods only one way, that is, once all squid is loaded, seawater is discarded and returned to the production area by empty car.
Transportation costs increase significantly. Depending on the type of live fish, various methods that can be transported at high density have been proposed, but the maximum time reported is 10 hours.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, in order to provide inexpensive live squid to the edible market, the present invention has been conducted to eliminate the inefficiency of the prior art through repeated research. Can be transported at a high density, and the survival time can be 48 hours or more, which is much more than 24 hours,
Survival rate is over 90%, and transport trucks can sell all the live squid in their cargo together with their containers and return to their homes with other cargo. To revolutionize the transportation of live squid for the elderly.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a means for maintaining the dissolved oxygen level in a liquid containing live squid at 2 mg / liter or more and a method for controlling the pH of the liquid containing live squid within a range of 6.8 to 9. The present invention provides a method and apparatus for storing or transporting live squid comprising pH control means.

[0006] Conventionally, many of those skilled in the art of studying the transport of marine live fish and shellfish have found that high density, high density,
Although excreted ammonia has been pointed out as an important factor constraining long-term transport, studies by the inventors have revealed the surprising fact that in the case of live squid, the first factor is actually pH.

When the pH is less than about 6.8 or more than 9,
The squid's oxygen / carbon dioxide biomembrane permeation function does not work and homeostasis cannot be maintained. According to the present invention,
By maintaining the dissolved oxygen level of the storage solution composed of seawater at 2 mg / liter or more, the oxygen required for the survival of live squid is supplied, and the pH is adjusted to 6.8 to 9
By controlling to within the range, live squid oxygen / carbon dioxide biomembrane permeation function can work normally and live live squid can be achieved constantly.
By simply controlling the pH in the range of 6.8 to 9 using the maintaining means, 100 to 300 kg for 20 to 24 hours
Live squid can be stored and transported at a density of / m3.

According to the present invention, in the method and the apparatus for storing or transporting live squid, the pH control means is provided in the storage container.
An object of the present invention is to provide a device for storing or transporting live squid, which is provided with an H controller. As the pH control means comprising the provision of the pH controller of the present invention, for example, the pH of the stored liquid is monitored by a semiconductor, and an alkaline source or the like housed in a small syringe consisting of a piston and a cylinder is moved by a small motor into a piston. And a means for dispensing and adding from the outlet of the cylinder as appropriate
This can be realized by placing the controller in the liquid containing the live squid. The means for keeping the pH controller together with live squid in the storage liquid include means provided fixedly on the container wall or the like, means for floating on the storage liquid, means for submerging in the container as it is, and the like. .

Further, as another pH control means for providing a pH controller in the storage container, for example, a pH controller consisting of a small electrolyzer for electrolyzing a storage liquid to produce alkali ionized water and acidic water is used. Provided in the container, the alkali ionic liquid and the acidic ionic liquid are appropriately injected into the container liquid to adjust the pH.
Can be adopted.

The present invention also relates to a method and apparatus for storing or transporting live squid as described above, wherein the pH control means comprises adding a buffer or a buffer to a storage solution. Is provided. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, a buffer solution or a buffer is added to a storage liquid, oxidation of a storage liquid is suppressed, and pH can be controlled in the range of 6.8-9. Within the technical scope of adding a buffer or a buffer, for example, a buffer such as citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, and butyric acid containing a carboxyl group (buffering).
agent).

The present invention also provides a method for storing or transporting live squid, wherein the pH control means adds an alkali adduct to the contained liquid in the method for storing or transporting live squid, and an apparatus therefor. is there. As a means for adding an alkali adduct to the storage solution, a means for adding an alkali source such as sodium bicarbonate or lime can be adopted, and since there is no toxicity, light weight and easy access, sodium bicarbonate is used. preferable. In addition, bicarbonate (H2CO3) in seawater is consumed in the metabolic process of nitric acid bacteria which decompose excrement, etc., which causes a decrease in pH and a decrease in alkalinity. At this time, sodium bicarbonate or the like is added. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the decrease in alkalinity by increasing the amount of weak acid in seawater.

The present invention also relates to a method and apparatus for storing or transporting live squid as described above, wherein the storage or storage of live squid comprising a synthetic resin, a biopolymer or microcapsules in which the alkali adduct contains an alkaline substance. An object of the present invention is to provide a transportation method and an apparatus therefor. According to the present invention, a porous synthetic resin or a biopolymer substance impregnated or mixed with an alkaline substance, or an alkali adduct composed of microcapsules or the like encapsulating an alkaline substance is contained in a storage liquid, From the added substance, an alkali source or the like is gradually eluted little by little due to a difference in osmotic pressure or the like, and the pH can be controlled in the range of 6.8 to 9. In this case, a strong alkali substance such as sodium hydroxide can be employed since the alkali source and the like gradually dissolve in small amounts.
In addition, the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for storing or transporting live squid in which the method for storing or transporting live squid and the apparatus for storing or transporting live squid, wherein the means for maintaining the dissolved oxygen level encloses oxygen in a container. Things.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method and apparatus for storing or transporting live squid as described above, wherein the means for maintaining the dissolved oxygen level comprises placing an oxygen generating agent in a storage solution. The device is provided. As the oxygen generator, CaCO2 or sodium percarbonate that generates oxygen upon contact with water can be used, and in some cases, it is coated with a water-permeable sheet to mitigate the generation of oxygen to reduce oxygen generation for a long time. It is also possible to ensure a duration. Further, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for storing or transporting live squid, wherein the method for storing or transporting live squid comprises a means for maintaining a dissolved oxygen level by aeration of a contained liquid. is there.

The present invention also provides a method and apparatus for storing or transporting live squid, which comprises adding a metabolic suppressing means for suppressing the metabolism or nerve activity of live squid. An apparatus is provided. According to the present invention, by adding a metabolic inhibitor that suppresses the metabolism or nervous activity of live squid to the pH control means of the contained liquid, it suppresses behaviors and the like caused by stress such as blackheading and the like for a long time. Can survive.

The present invention also provides a method and an apparatus for storing or transporting live squid, wherein the method for storing or transporting live squid comprises a method in which the metabolic suppressing means adds ethanol to the stored liquid. It is. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, by adding ethanol to a storage solution as a metabolic suppression means, it is possible to suppress metabolism or mental activity that is effective for live squid despite being a volatile substance.

The present invention also provides a method and apparatus for storing or transporting live squid as described above, wherein the metabolic suppression means comprises adding ethanol at a concentration of 1% or less to the stored liquid. The device is provided. When ethanol is used as a metabolic inhibitor,
Longer survival results were obtained at concentrations of less than 10%.

Further, the present invention provides the method for storing or transporting live squid and the method for storing or transporting live squid, wherein the metabolic suppressing means comprises storing the live squid in a liquid containing a magnesium salt. And its equipment. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, an effective suppression effect can be raised in a comparatively short time by containing a live squid in a storage solution containing a magnesium salt as a metabolic suppression means. Further, the present invention provides the method and apparatus for storing or transporting live squid, wherein the method for storing or transporting live squid comprises storing the live squid in a storage solution containing magnesium chloride. Is provided. As the metabolic inhibitor of the present invention, magnesium chloride is the most practical in terms of cost and safety.

Further, the present invention provides the method for storing or transporting live squid and the apparatus therefor, wherein the metabolic suppressing means stores the live squid in a storage solution containing magnesium chloride at different concentrations for each type of squid. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for storing or transporting live squid and a device therefor. The concentration of magnesium chloride effective as a metabolic inhibitor for suppressing the metabolism or nerve activity of live squid is, for example, 0-4% for blue squid, 2-30% for squid, and 0-8% for squid. Since it greatly differs depending on the type, it is important to store live squid in a storage solution containing different concentrations of magnesium chloride for each type of squid.

The present invention also provides a method and apparatus for storing or transporting live squid as described above, wherein the live squid contains different concentrations of magnesium chloride selected for different types of live squid by being accommodated in storage solutions having different magnesium chloride concentrations. The present invention provides a method and apparatus for storing or transporting live squid, which is to be contained in a containing liquid. As described above, the concentration of magnesium chloride that is effective as a metabolic inhibitor varies greatly depending on the type of squid.By storing each type of squid in a storage solution with a different magnesium chloride concentration, live squid of that type can be used. Since the effective magnesium concentration can be known in advance, long-term survival can be reliably obtained by containing the live squid in a storage solution having a magnesium chloride concentration selected for each type of live squid.

The present invention also relates to a method and an apparatus for storing or transporting live squid as described above, wherein the method for storing or transporting live squid, wherein the metabolic suppression means comprises adding a solution of magnesium chloride to the storage solution. To provide. According to the present invention, by adding a magnesium chloride solution having a predetermined concentration to a live squid solution, a solution having a magnesium chloride concentration effective for the squid can be easily obtained.

The present invention also provides a method and apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to any one of the above, wherein the stored liquid is a method of storing or transporting live squid comprising natural seawater, artificial seawater or a mixture thereof. The device is provided. According to the present invention, the stored liquid may be natural seawater, artificial seawater, or a mixture of both.

The present invention also relates to a method and apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to any one of the above, and further comprising a method of storing or transporting live squid comprising means for suppressing the toxicity of excreted ammonia. An apparatus is provided. When the pH is 6.5 or less, most of the ammonia is in a dissociated state and its toxicity is reduced. When the pH is raised to 9 or more, ammonium ions NH4-N are changed to non-dissociated ammonia NH3, and scattered in the air by aeration and stirring. However, in a sealed state, the survival of live squid will be adversely affected.

Therefore, by the pH control means of the present invention, p
When H is controlled in the range of 6.8 to 9, since undissociated ammonia NH3 is present, neutralization is performed with an ammonia adsorbent such as citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, and butyric acid containing a carboxyl group. The long-term survival and the survival rate can be enhanced by suppressing the toxicity of excreted ammonia by adsorbing or adsorbing with a gas adsorbent such as activated carbon, granular manganese dioxide, and synthetic zeolite.

According to the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to any one of the above, which comprises adding means for suppressing the toxicity of dissolved carbon dioxide. It is. If the carbon dioxide emitted by live squid dissolves and accumulates in the stored solution, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood will increase, and the respiratory center may be paralyzed and death may occur. The normal carbon dioxide concentration in seawater is 1p
At around pm, the pH is about 8.3, so in order to maintain the pH of the present invention between 6.8 and 9, activated carbon,
Means for adsorbing dissolved carbon dioxide by a gas adsorbent such as synthetic zeolite, means for neutralizing and removing carbonate ions by adding an alkali such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, or containing a large amount of air Suppressing the concentration of carbon dioxide by means such as contacting to remove dissolved carbon dioxide as a gas will help to obtain a longer-term survival and a higher survival rate of live squid.

Further, according to the present invention, in the method or apparatus for storing or transporting live squid described in any of the above, one or two or more glasses of live squid are accommodated in containers independent of each other. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for storing or transporting live squid and a device therefor. According to the present invention, by accommodating live squid in containers independent of each other, separation, delivery, unloading, etc. of live squid are not only easy, but also ink discharge of live squid in one container, such as death, etc. Since the adverse effects are not directly transmitted to other containers, it is possible to help determine the cause of the squid that has inked and died, and it is possible to obtain a high survival rate of live squid.

According to the present invention, there is provided a method and apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to any of the above, wherein the container containing live squid is a heat-insulating container or a container containing live squid. The present invention provides a method for storing or transporting live squid, comprising storing squid in a heat insulating container. According to the present invention, live squid is stored in a heat-insulating container or, alternatively, a container made of polyethylene bag or vinyl chloride bag or the like containing live squid is converted into a foamed styrene or cardboard heat insulating container. By containing the squid, it is possible to maintain the temperature around or below the temperature of the sea area where the live squid was inhabited, and to further enhance the survival rate. Further, the present invention provides a method for storing or transporting live squid, which comprises storing or transporting live squid stored in a container in a dark state in the method for storing or transporting live squid according to any of the above. And its equipment. According to the present invention, by using an opaque container, covering the container with an opaque sheet, or storing it in a dark room, the live squid stored in the container can be stored or transported in a dark state. It can alleviate the stress of live squid and measure long-term survival.

[0027]

EXAMPLES Example 1 Aori squid was stored at a rate of 12% by weight in artificial seawater of pH 8.7 and (2) A squid was stored at a rate of 12% by weight in natural seawater of pH 8.7. And
When left without adding pH control means, both of them died after 6.5 hours at the maximum until the pH of the stored solution dropped below 6.8. At the same time, under the same conditions, Aoli squid was stored at a rate of 12% by weight in (3) artificial seawater of pH 8.7, and (4) 12% in natural seawater of pH 8.7.
% Of the artificial seawater of (3) when the pH is controlled by adding a small amount of an alkali substance such as sodium hydroxide appropriately so that the pH does not become 6.8 or less. After an hour, the pH dropped to below 6.8 and died, and in the natural seawater of (4), the pH dropped to below 6.8 after a minimum of 20 hours.

Example 2 Live avian squid (Sepiateuthissp.) Was caught by standard fishing methods and used in a 1 m3 seawater recirculation system until the start of the experiment. 75g Mg per liter final volume
An isotonic solution of magnesium chloride was prepared by mixing Cl2.6H2O with water. The reaction of live squid when allowed to act for a long time by mixing isotonic magnesium chloride solution with seawater at a ratio of 50% or less was examined. About 1
kg of live squid was placed in a small container and sufficiently aerated. The pH is adjusted to 6. by gradually adding a small amount of sodium hydroxide solution adjusted to an initial pH of 8.6 to 8.8.
The survival rate was monitored over a period of 72 hours in a room temperature environment while controlling the temperature to be 8 or less. For this type of squid, the maximum ratio of magnesium chloride to seawater that allowed long-term survival was 1:25 to 1:30. As a transport experiment, the lower limit (1:30) of the above safety ratio range was adopted. 8.5 liters of a 1:30 mixture of isotonic magnesium chloride and seawater was transferred to a polyethylene bag, and a buffer adjusted to pH 8.8 with NaOH was added to dissolve at a rate of 1 g per liter. Squid (1.5 kg) was placed in a bag to which a buffer solution can be added, 10 to 15 liters of oxygen were added, and the bag was sealed. Each sealed bag is housed in a cardboard box or Styrofoam box that can block light almost completely, and it is carried as baggage, carried in a car, or carried by air, and the survival rate after 48 hours Was 90% on average.

Claims (44)

[Claims] 1. A means for maintaining the dissolved oxygen level of a liquid containing live squid seawater at 2 mg / liter or more, and a pH for controlling the pH of a liquid containing live squid seawater within a range of 6.8 to 9. A method for storing or transporting live squid comprising control means. 2. The method for preserving or transporting live squid according to claim 1, wherein the pH control means stores the pH in the container.
A method for storing or transporting live squid, comprising providing a controller. 3. The method of storing or transporting live squid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pH control means comprises adding a buffer or a buffer to the storage solution. 4. The method of preserving or transporting live squid according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the pH control means adds an alkali adduct to the storage solution. 5. The method for preserving or transporting live squid according to claim 4, wherein the alkali adduct comprises a synthetic resin containing an alkaline substance, a biopolymer substance, or microcapsules. 6. The method of storing or transporting live squid according to claim 1, wherein the means for maintaining the dissolved oxygen level comprises enclosing oxygen in a storage container. 7. The method of preserving or transporting live squid according to claim 1, wherein the means for maintaining the dissolved oxygen level comprises placing an oxygen generating agent in the storage solution. Method. 8. The method for preserving or transporting live squid according to claim 1, wherein the means for maintaining the dissolved oxygen level comprises aeration of the contained liquid. 9. The method of storing or transporting live squid according to claim 1, further comprising adding a metabolic inhibitor for suppressing metabolism or nerve activity of live squid. . 10. The method of storing or transporting live squid according to claim 9, wherein the metabolic suppressing means comprises adding ethanol to the stored liquid. 11. The method for preserving or transporting live squid according to claim 10, wherein the metabolic suppressing means includes one or more of:
A method for storing or transporting live squid, comprising adding ethanol at a concentration of not more than 10%. 12. The method of storing or transporting live squid according to claim 9, wherein the metabolism suppressing means stores the live squid in a storage solution containing a magnesium salt. 13. The method of storing or transporting live squid according to claim 12, wherein the metabolic suppressing means stores the live squid in a storage solution containing magnesium chloride. 14. The method of storing or transporting live squid according to claim 13, wherein the metabolic suppression means comprises storing the live squid in a storage solution containing magnesium chloride at different concentrations for each type of squid. Storage or shipping method. 15. The method of storing or transporting live squid according to claim 14, wherein the live squid is housed in a liquid containing different concentrations of magnesium chloride selected according to the type of the live squid. A method for storing or transporting live squid. 16. The method for storing or transporting live squid according to claim 13, 14 or 15, wherein the metabolic suppressing means comprises adding a magnesium chloride agent or a magnesium chloride solution to the storage solution. . 17. The method for storing or transporting live squid according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the storage liquid comprising seawater is natural seawater, artificial seawater or a mixture of both. . 18. The method of storing or transporting live squid according to claim 1, further comprising adding a means for suppressing the toxicity of excreted ammonia. 19. The method of storing or transporting live squid according to claim 1, further comprising adding a means for suppressing toxicity of dissolved carbon dioxide. 20. The method of storing or transporting live squid according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein one or two or more glasses of live squid are housed in separate containers for each container. Storage or transportation method. 21. The method for storing or transporting live squid according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the container containing live squid is made into a heat retaining container, or the container containing live squid is kept warm. A method for storing or transporting live squid, which is contained in a container. 22. The method of storing or transporting live squid according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the method of storing or transporting live squid stored in a container in a dark state is performed. 23. A means for maintaining the level of dissolved oxygen in a liquid containing live squid seawater at 2 mg / liter or more, and a pH for controlling the pH of a liquid containing live squid seawater in the range of 6.8 to 9. A device for storing or transporting live squid comprising control means. 24. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to claim 23, wherein the pH control means includes a pH controller provided in the storage container. 25. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to claim 23 or 24, wherein the pH control means comprises adding a buffer or a buffer to the storage solution. 26. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to claim 23, 24 or 25, wherein the pH control means comprises adding an alkali adduct to the storage solution. 27. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to claim 26, wherein the alkali adduct comprises a synthetic resin containing an alkaline substance, a biopolymer substance, or microcapsules. 28. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to any one of claims 23 to 27, wherein the means for maintaining the dissolved oxygen level comprises enclosing oxygen in a storage container. 29. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to any one of claims 23 to 27, wherein the means for maintaining the dissolved oxygen level comprises placing an oxygen generating agent in the storage solution. apparatus. 30. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to any one of claims 23 to 27, wherein the means for maintaining the dissolved oxygen level aerates the stored liquid. 31. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to claim 23, further comprising a metabolic suppressing means for suppressing metabolism or nervous activity of live squid. . 32. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to claim 31, wherein the metabolic suppression means comprises adding ethanol to the stored liquid. 33. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to claim 32, wherein the metabolic suppressing means includes one or more of:
A device for storing or transporting live squid, comprising adding ethanol at a concentration of not more than 10%. 34. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to claim 31, wherein the metabolism suppressing means stores the live squid in a storage solution containing a magnesium salt. 35. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to claim 34, wherein the metabolic suppressing means stores the live squid in a storage solution containing magnesium chloride. 36. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to claim 35, wherein the metabolism suppressing means stores the live squid in a storage solution containing magnesium chloride having different concentrations for each type of squid. Storage or transport equipment. 37. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to claim 36, wherein the live squid is stored in liquids containing different concentrations of magnesium chloride selected according to the type of live squid by being stored in liquids of different concentrations. A device for storing or transporting live squid. 38. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to claim 35, 36 or 37, wherein the metabolic suppressing means comprises adding a magnesium chloride agent or a magnesium chloride solution to the storage liquid. . 39. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to any one of claims 23 to 38, wherein the storage liquid comprising seawater is natural seawater, artificial seawater, or a mixture of both. . 40. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to any one of claims 23 to 39, further comprising means for suppressing toxicity of excreted ammonia. 41. An apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to any one of claims 23 to 40, further comprising means for suppressing toxicity of dissolved carbon dioxide. 42. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to any one of claims 23 to 41, wherein one or two or more glasses of live squid are housed in separate containers for each container. Storage or transport equipment. 43. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to any one of claims 23 to 42, wherein the container containing live squid is made into a heat retaining container, or the container containing live squid is kept warm. A device for storing or transporting live squid, which is contained in a container. 44. The apparatus for storing or transporting live squid according to claim 23, wherein the apparatus stores or transports live squid stored in a container in a dark state.