JP2001264477A - Power generating system for high-temperature gas-cooled reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To release the thermal expansion of a power generating system. SOLUTION: A reactor 1, a turbo machine 3, and a heat exchanger 6 are linearly installed, the reactor 1 and the turbo machine 3 are connected with a straight exhaust pipe 2, and the turbo machine 3 and the heat exchanger 6 are connected with a straight triple pipe 5. The reactor 1 is supported with a damper 14 and supporting parts 10, 12. The heat exchanger 6 is vertically installed on a beam 17, and supported with a framework 18. The damper 20 is radially installed between the framework 18 or a concrete wall 19 and the heat exchanger 6, and an arm 24 forming an link is installed between a supporting part 21 and the beam 17. Even if the exhaust pipe 2 or the triple pipe 5 is thermally expanded, the heat exchanger 6 is moved by the shaking of the arm 24 to release the thermal expansion.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power generation system for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, in which a turbine is rotated by high-temperature helium gas from a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor to generate power.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A high-temperature gas furnace uses a clad fuel in which an oxide or carbide of uranium or the like is cored and the outside of which is wrapped four times with a thin ceramic of special carbon or silicon carbide. Is a helium gas. When a nuclear fission reaction occurs in a nuclear reactor, the temperature of the reactor core becomes high near 1000 ° C., and by cooling this with helium gas, high-temperature helium gas can be obtained. Currently, a system for generating power using such a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is under development for the near future in overseas. Such a power generation system for a high-temperature gas reactor is configured to take out high-temperature helium gas from a nuclear reactor and rotate the turbine to generate electric power.
%), And has the advantage that the safety is excellent.

[0003] Although not a power generation system, a high temperature engineering test research reactor (HTTR: High Tem
FIG. 5 shows the configuration of the perature engineering test reactor. This HTTR is installed in the basement of the reactor building.
Was installed, and a pipe 92 was led out from below the reactor 91 installed in the shield 93. The pipe 92 was routed between the intermediate heat exchanger 94 and the cooler 95 in the reactor containment vessel 96. Structure.

[0004]

In a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, the temperature at the reactor outlet reaches a high temperature of about 1000 ° C., and the temperature in the pipe becomes extremely high. Generates thermal stress. In particular, when a power generation system is constructed using a high-temperature gas furnace, the size of the thermal expansion may reach hundreds of millimeters because the facility becomes a large-scale facility of several tens of meters in total. For this reason, in a configuration in which the pipe 92 is routed inside the reactor containment vessel 96 as in the above-mentioned HTTR, there is a problem that thermal expansion cannot be properly escaped. Also, when a power generation system is constructed using a high-temperature gas furnace, if the piping is routed without considering thermal expansion, it is expected that thermal stress will be applied to each part of the system.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a power generation system for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor capable of effectively releasing thermal expansion.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power generation system for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, comprising: a reactor using a ceramic-coated fuel; a helium gas as a coolant; Turbine machine having a turbine that obtains rotational force from high-temperature helium gas from the air, a compressor that compresses circulating helium gas, and a generator that generates power by rotating the turbine, and heat that exchanges heat between the circulating helium gas In a power generation system for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor having a heat exchanger, the reactor, the turbomachine, and the heat exchanger are linearly arranged horizontally and connected by piping, and the reactor, the turbomachine, and the heat exchanger are connected. Is supported by an absorbing structure that absorbs thermal expansion.

When the temperature of the entire system is increased by high-temperature helium gas from a nuclear reactor, metal pipes and the like undergo thermal expansion. At this time, since the nuclear reactors and the like are linearly arranged horizontally and connected by the pipes, thermal expansion of the pipes and the like is unified in the arrangement direction. Then, the accumulated thermal expansion is absorbed by, for example, the absorption structure supporting the heat exchanger. Whether the nuclear reactor, the turbomachine, or the heat exchanger is supported by the absorption structure may be appropriately selected from those convenient in designing the power generation system.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the power generation system for a high temperature gas reactor, wherein the heat exchanger is supported by the absorption structure and a floating support structure is used as the absorption structure. Things.

In a high-temperature gas reactor power generation system, a reactor, a turbomachine, and a heat exchanger are often installed in this order, and a large supporting structure is required to support the reactor with an absorption structure. Become. Therefore, the heat exchanger is supported by an absorption structure, and a floating support structure is used as the absorption structure. Specific examples of the floating support structure will be described in the following embodiments, but are not limited to those disclosed in the embodiments.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited by the embodiment.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a power generation system for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an elevation view showing the power generation system for a high-temperature gas reactor shown in FIG. The reactor 1 uses an inert helium gas as a coolant, and uses a coated fuel coated with four layers of ceramics as its fuel. In this coated fuel, the surfaces of oxides and carbides such as uranium are coated with ceramics in four layers, and the fission products are sealed so as not to leak outside.

An exhaust pipe 2 extends from the reactor 1,
The exhaust pipe 2 is connected to a turbine inlet 4 of a turbo machine 3. The turbo machine 3 includes a low-pressure compressor, an intercooler that cools helium gas compressed by the low-pressure compressor,
It is composed of a high-pressure compressor that further compresses the cooled helium gas, a turbine that is rotated by high-temperature helium gas from the nuclear reactor, and a generator connected to a turbine shaft (both not shown).

The inside of the turbomachine 3 is connected to a heat exchanger 6 by a triple tube 5 (not shown). Heat exchanger 6
Is composed of a regenerative heat exchanger and a pre-cooler (not shown). Helium gas that has passed through the turbine reaches the heat exchanger 6 through the center of the triple tube 5. The helium gas cooled by the heat exchanger 6 passes through the outer peripheral passage of the triple pipe 5 and is introduced into the low-pressure compressor of the turbomachine 3 via the branch pipe 7. The helium gas compressed by the low-pressure compressor and the high-pressure compressor passes through the high-pressure gas introduction pipe 8 extending to the upper part, and is introduced into the intermediate passage of the triple pipe 5. Then, the helium gas is introduced into the heat exchanger 6 through the intermediate passage, exchanges heat with the high-temperature helium gas passing through the turbine, and is returned to the reactor 1 after the temperature is raised.

As described above, in this high-temperature gas-cooled power generation system, the reactor 1, the turbomachine 3, and the heat exchanger 6 are linearly arranged horizontally, and a straight tube is provided between the reactor 1 and the turbomachine 3. The exhaust pipe 2 connects the turbomachine 3 and the heat exchanger 6 with a straight tubular triple pipe 5. The branch pipe 7 and the high-pressure gas introduction pipe 8 are also routed such that one side is parallel to the triple pipe 5. Further, the cooling pipe 9 extending from the heat exchanger 6 to the reactor 1 is also routed in parallel with the exhaust pipe 2 and the triple pipe 5, and is not restrained in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the heat exchanger 6 is arranged in a straight line. And

In the figure, reference symbol T indicates a building of a power plant. The building T has a structure in which a concrete room is formed underground to shield radiation. The reactor 1 is supported by a supporting portion 10 protruding around and a supporting portion 12 protruding from a concrete wall 11. Further, a slight space 13 is provided between the support portion 10 and the support portion 12 in the horizontal direction. Further, a plurality of dampers 14 are provided between the reactor 1 and the concrete wall 11. The exhaust pipe 2
It is derived from an exhaust pipe outlet 15 provided on the concrete wall 11.

The turbomachine 3 is placed directly on a concrete floor 16, and a cooling pipe 9 runs under the floor. The heat exchanger 6 is erected on a beam 17 extending over a penetrating portion of the concrete floor 16 and supported by a frame 18 provided around the beam. A long-stroke damper 20 is radially provided between the frame 18 or the concrete wall 19 and the heat exchanger 6. Also,
The heat exchanger 6 is supported by a floating support that forms a link structure between the support portion 21 protruding in the radial direction and the beam 17.

The floating support has a connection portion 22 with the support portion 21 and a connection portion 23 with the beam 17 serving as nodes.
Is configured by an arm 24 that can move in the left-right direction in the figure. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a modification of the floating support. The floating support 30 has a configuration in which a slip surface 33 is formed between a support 31 on the heat exchanger 6 side and a support 32 provided on the beam 17. The sliding surface 33 is provided with a fluid lubricant or a solid lubricant. Even with such a configuration, the heat exchanger 6 can be moved in the left-right direction in the figure. Although not shown, the heat exchanger 6 may be suspended by a rod rotatably connected to the top beam of the frame 18.

When the temperature of the entire system rises due to the operation of the power generation system, thermal expansion occurs in the members. In this power generation system, since the heat exchangers 6 and the like are linearly arranged horizontally, the thermal expansion is substantially united in the linear arrangement direction. In this power generation system, the turbo machine 3
6, the reactor 1 moves in the horizontal direction due to the elongation of the exhaust pipe 2. The movement of the reactor 1 is supported by a damper 14, said movement being regulated by a distance 13.

Further, the turbo machine 3 is used for the concrete floor 1
6 is fixed to the heat exchanger 6
To move. Since the heat exchanger 6 is supported by the arms 24 of the floating support, the heat exchanger 6 moves in the horizontal direction, and is supported by the damper 20. Note that the branch pipe 7 and the high-pressure gas introduction pipe 8 extending in a direction orthogonal to the linear arrangement direction are supported so as not to restrict the extending direction (in this configuration, each container and piping). Thermal expansion can be released in any direction.

As described above, according to the power generation system for a high-temperature gas reactor, thermal expansion of the power generation system can be satisfactorily escaped, so that damage to the system due to thermal stress can be prevented. In addition, since the direction of thermal expansion is unified, the structure for absorbing thermal expansion can be simplified.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 4 is an elevational view showing a power generation system for a high temperature gas reactor according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The HTGR system according to the second embodiment is substantially the same as the HTGR system according to the first embodiment, except that the turbomachine 3 is floated. The floating support of the turbomachine 3 is composed of rails 41 laid on the concrete floor 16 and wheels 42 provided on the support of the turbomachine 3. When the exhaust pipe 2 and the triple pipe 5 thermally expand due to the temperature rise of the power generation system, the turbo machine 3 moves on the rail 41 and acts to effectively release the thermal expansion. The floating support of the turbomachine 3 includes a rail 41 and wheels 42.
In addition to the above, it may be constituted by an arm forming a link in the same manner as described above, or may be constituted by a slip surface as shown in FIG.

[0022]

As described above, in the power generation system for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor according to the present invention (claim 1), the reactor, the turbomachine, and the heat exchanger are linearly arranged horizontally and connected by pipes. Since any one of the nuclear reactor, the turbomachine, and the heat exchanger is supported by the absorbing structure that absorbs thermal expansion, the direction of thermal expansion is unified, and the absorbing structure can absorb the thermal expansion in that direction. Therefore, thermal expansion of the power generation system can be effectively released, and damage to the power generation system can be prevented.

In the power generation system for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor according to the present invention (claim 2), the heat exchanger is supported by the absorption structure, and the floating support structure is used as the absorption structure. It becomes possible to escape effectively.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a power generation system for a high-temperature gas reactor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an elevation view showing the power generation system for a high temperature gas reactor shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a modification of the floating support.

FIG. 4 is an elevation view illustrating a power generation system for a high-temperature gas reactor according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing a currently operating HTTR.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Nuclear reactor 2 Exhaust pipe 3 Turbo machine 4 Turbine inlet 5 Triple pipe 6 Heat exchanger 7 Branch pipe 8 High pressure gas introduction pipe 9 Cooling pipe 10 Support part 11 Concrete wall 12 Support part 13 Interval 14 Damper 15 Exhaust pipe outlet 16 Concrete floor 17 beam 18 frame 19 concrete wall 20 damper 21 support part 22 connecting part 23 connecting part 24 arm

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A nuclear reactor using a ceramic-coated fuel and using helium gas as a coolant, a turbine that obtains rotational power from high-temperature helium gas from the nuclear reactor, a compressor that compresses circulating helium gas, and rotation of the turbine. In a power generation system for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor of a direct cycle including a turbomachine having a generator for generating electric power by a heat exchanger for performing heat exchange between circulating helium gas, the reactor, the turbomachine and heat exchange The reactors, turbomachines and heat exchangers are supported by an absorption structure that absorbs thermal expansion. system. 2. The power generation system for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor according to claim 1, further comprising a heat exchanger supported by the absorption structure and a floating support structure used as the absorption structure.