JP2001259908A - Tool chuck - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tool chuck capable of working by maintaining strong fastening force by resolving looseness of the chuck due to vibration, and facilitating assembly by simplifying a structure and reducing the number of components. SOLUTION: In this tool chuck, a thrust bearing 21 formed of a nut ring 15 rear end side, a plurality of rolling elements 22, and an outer ring 24 is interposed between the nut ring 15 rear end side and a chuck main body 11 side opposite in an axial direction thereto. An outer peripheral edge of the outer ring 24 is extended to a position opposite to an outer peripheral surface of the nut ring 15 to form a collar portion 26, a looseness preventive structure 25 is formed between an inner peripheral surface of the collar portion 26 of the outer ring 24 and the outer peripheral surface of the nut ring 15 at the opposite position.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tool chuck for holding various tools such as a drill bit of an electric drill and a driver bit of an electric screwdriver, and more specifically, to manually tighten a tool without using a chuck handle. It relates to a tool chuck that can be operated.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a tool chuck has been used to attach and detach a tool by a strong force of a chuck handle. However, by reducing a pitch of a screw for feeding a chuck jaw, a manual operation can be performed without using a chuck handle. Sufficient tightening force can be obtained by operation (operation of directly rotating the chuck by hand).

However, if work is performed by a tool in this state, abrupt vibrations are given, and the tightening of the chuck is loosened. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a locking means (structure).

Conventionally, the above-mentioned locking means are present in various forms, but all have a complicated structure, so that the number of parts is large. As a result, a large number of steps are required for assembling the chuck body. Needed and had major problems in fabrication.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned loosening of the chuck due to the vibration, and can work while maintaining a strong tightening force. In addition, the structure is simple, the number of parts is reduced, and assembly is performed. The purpose is to provide a tool chuck that is easy to use.

[0006]

According to the present invention, there is provided a tool chuck for transmitting rotation of an external operating ring in a tightening direction to an internal nut ring to feed each chuck claw in the tightening direction. A thrust bearing formed by the nut ring rear end side, a plurality of rolling elements, and an outer ring is interposed between the ring rear end side and the chuck body side opposed to the axial center in the axial center direction. The outer peripheral edge of the nut ring is extended to a position opposed to the outer peripheral surface of the nut ring to form a flange, and the outer peripheral surface of the nut ring at a position opposed to the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring flange is turned around the nut ring. A ring-shaped stop member that has been stopped is interposed, and a concave-convex engagement portion is formed continuously on the entire periphery of one of the inner peripheral surface of the flange portion of the attering and the outer peripheral surface of the stopper member, Others facing the concave / convex engaging part On the peripheral surface, wherein in the clamping direction of the chuck jaws to permit relative rotation between the concavo-convex engaging section, and continuously arranged one or a plurality of engaging claws to fix this in a loosening direction,
An operating portion for engaging and disengaging the concave and convex engaging portion of the engaging claw is continuously provided at a position of the engaging claw facing the inner peripheral surface of the operation ring, and the operation of the inner peripheral surface of the operating ring is performed. An operation cam for engaging and disengaging the operation unit is formed at a position facing the unit, and mutual rotation is restricted between the operation ring and the nut ring to a range where the operation cam can be engaged and disengaged. It is characterized by being a tool chuck having a regulating portion formed therein.

In the present invention, the outer ring has an inner peripheral surface and an outer peripheral surface of the stopper, and a concave and convex engaging portion is formed on one peripheral surface and a locking claw is formed on the other peripheral surface. The structure becomes a loosening prevention structure (means).

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the concave and convex engaging portion may be formed on an inner peripheral surface of a flange portion of an outer ring, and an engaging claw may be formed on a stopper member. It may be formed on the stop member, and the locking claw may be formed on the flange of the outer ring.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the outer ring of the thrust bearing can fix the outer ring to the chuck body by a reaction force when the nut ring is tightened.

Further, the rotation can be fixed by the rotation preventing structure between the outer ring and the chuck body.

[0011] The stop member and the outer ring may be
Locking means for locking the stop member to the outer ring in the axial direction may be provided.

[0012]

According to the present invention, when the tool shank is clamped by the chuck pawl, when the operation ring is rotated in the tightening direction, the rotation of the operation ring causes the engagement of the operation cam or the operation ring and the nut. The nut ring is rotated in the tightening direction via the restricting portion between the ring and the ring, and the chuck pawl contracts and comes into contact with the tool shank to tighten it.

At the same time, when the chuck pawl tightens the tool shank, the nut ring receives the reaction force of the tightening and retreats. With this retraction, a load is applied to the thrust bearing, and the outer ring is pressed against the chuck body. When the outer ring is rotated and fixed or detented by the pressing, the operation cam of the operation ring causes the operation portion of the stopper member or the engagement claw of the outer ring to engage with the operation portion of the engagement claw of the outer ring. Direction), the engaging claw is engaged and fixed to the concave / convex engaging portion, and the nut ring is not loosened even if the nut ring tries to rotate in the loosening direction. However, in the tightening direction, the engaging claw is elastically displaced and slides on the concave-convex engaging portion to be allowed to rotate, so that tightening can be performed.

When the operation ring is rotated in the tightening direction in this way and the tool shank is tightened, the engaging member of the stopper member or the outer ring is loosened in the loosening direction, and the concave / convex portion is fixed to the chuck body. Engage with the joint,
Since the rotation in the loosening direction is fixed, even if vibration is applied to the chuck claws, the nut ring does not loosen, and the work can be performed while maintaining a strong tightening force.

Next, when removing the tool from the above-described tightened state, the operation ring is rotated in the loosening direction. At the initial stage of this rotation, only the operation ring rotates until the rotation of the operation ring is restricted by the restriction portion between the nut ring and the nut ring. The operating portion of the engaging claw is operated in a release direction in which the engaging claw is disengaged from the concave / convex engaging portion in a fixed state.

By this operation, the fixing of the nut ring in the loosening direction is released, and the rotation of the operating ring in the loosening direction is transmitted to the nut link via the restricting portion, so that the chuck pawl can be spread and the tool can be removed. Become.

Further, when the stop member and the outer ring are locked by the locking means in the axial direction with the stop member, a thrust bearing composed of a nut ring, a rolling element, and an outer ring; Are integrated into a unit.

[0018]

According to the present invention, when the nut ring is rotated in the loosening direction, the engaging member of the stopper member or the outer ring is engaged with the concave / convex engaging portion fixed to the chuck body. In addition, since the rotation is fixed, the rotation of the nut ring in the loosening direction can be prevented. As a result, the tightening force of the chuck is maintained, and the work involving vibration of the tool is prevented. Therefore, there is no looseness of the chuck, and the tool can be securely held.

Also, the nut ring is made to correspond to the inner ring of the thrust bearing, the inner ring is omitted, and a stop member is fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the nut ring. , The locking structure (means) is formed between them, so that the locking structure can be unitized, handling is easy, the number of parts is reduced, the structure is simple and compact, By incorporating the anti-loosening structure, the thrust bearing and the nut ring can be incorporated at the same time, and the production becomes easy.

[0020]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The drawings show a tool chuck for holding a tool such as a drill bit and a driver bit with an electric drill or an electric screwdriver. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the tool chuck 10 is located at the center of the tip of a chuck body 11. The three chuck claws 12 are inclined in such a manner that the tip ends gather with respect to the axis of the chuck main body 11, and are slopingly slidable.

That is, each of the chuck claws 12 is freely slidably inserted into a sliding groove 13 formed to be inclined with respect to the axis of the chuck body 11, and each of the chuck claws 12 is connected to the outer peripheral portion thereof. Threaded male screw 14
These partial male screws 14 have a ring-shaped nut ring 1
The nut ring 15 is rotatably supported with respect to the chuck body 11 and is supported so as to be able to move back and forth a little.
5 is rotated forward and backward, and the chuck claws 12 are fed by screwing, and are slid and expanded, thereby clamping and releasing the tool.

An operation ring 17 rotatably fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the chuck body 11 is restricted to the nut ring 15 by a restricting portion 1 for restricting a mutual rotation range to an operation range described later.
The nut ring 15 is rotated in the forward and reverse directions by interlocking and connecting the operation ring 17 in the forward and reverse directions through the connection ring 8.

A front cover 19 is fitted and fixed to the front of the chuck body 11, and the rear cover 2 is further mounted to the rear.
0 is fitted and fixed to close the opening of the operation ring 17.

When the above-mentioned nut ring 15 contracts the chuck claws 12 by rotating the tool in the tightening direction and clamps the tool, the nut ring 15 tends to recede by receiving a backward tightening reaction force. A thrust bearing 21 having a bearing function in the thrust direction is interposed between the retreating side of the nut ring 15 and the corresponding chuck body 11.

The above-described thrust bearing 21 is composed of a plurality of balls (rolling members, including rollers) 22 arranged at predetermined intervals on the same circumference, and
Are formed by a rear end 23 of the nut ring 15 for holding the balls 22... Inside and an outer ring 24 for holding the balls 22.

Between the outer ring 24 and the nut ring 15 in the above-described thrust bearing 21, a loosening preventing structure 25 for preventing the chuck claw 12 and the nut ring 15 from loosening is formed.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show the above-described loosening prevention structure 25. The outer peripheral edge of the outer ring 24 is extended to a position facing the outer peripheral surface of the nut ring 15 to form a flange portion 26. Nut ring 1 facing the inner peripheral surface of flange 26
A ring-shaped stop member 27 is fitted and interposed at the outer peripheral surface position of 5, and the above-described loosening prevention structure 25 is formed by the flange portion 26 of the outer ring 24 and the stop member 27.

The outer ring 24 and the nut ring 15 are made of metal, but the stopper member 27 is made of a hard synthetic resin and has elasticity. Note that the stop member 27 can also be formed of metal.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the outer ring 2
No. 4, a sawtooth-shaped (triangular mountain-shaped (triangular valley-shaped)) tooth is formed on the entire inner peripheral surface of the flange portion 26 at a peripheral upper angle of 2.5 degrees. The concave / convex engaging portion 28 continuously formed at a pitch of?

The locking groove 2 is provided inside the concave-convex engaging portion 28 described above.
9 is formed, and this locking groove 28 is used for locking a stop member 27 described later.

On the inner peripheral edge of the outer ring 24, anti-rotation projections 30 are formed at three equal positions, and the anti-rotation projections 30 are fitted with the outer ring 24 of the chuck body 11. The outer ring 24 is prevented from rotating by engaging with the concave portion 32 (see FIG. 2) of the shaft portion 31.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 (see FIGS. 3 and 4), T-shaped elastic rods 33 are provided at three equally spaced positions on the outer peripheral surface of the above-mentioned stopper member 27. Are formed on the inner peripheral surface side of the center of the elastic rods 33 so as to engage with the recesses 35 formed in the corresponding portions of the nut ring 15. And the nut ring 15
It is formed so as to rotate integrally with it.

The above-mentioned elastic rods 33 are attached to the chuck claws 12.
The elastic pieces 36a and 36b are set corresponding to the loosening direction x and the opposite tightening direction y, and are the distal ends of the elastic pieces 36a on the loosening direction x side and the above-mentioned flanges 26 of the outer ring 24. The engaging claw 3 that urges and engages with the concave-convex engaging portion 28 by material elasticity at a position facing the concave-convex engaging portion 28.
The engaging claw 37 is elastically displaced in the tightening direction y of the chuck claw 12 with respect to the concave-convex engaging portion 28 to allow relative rotation, and is not elastically displaceable in the loosening direction x. Fix (prevent) rotation.

The position of the elastic piece 36a on the loosening direction x side corresponding to the inner peripheral surface of the operating ring 17 (the position of the engaging claw 37 facing the operating ring 17 or the engaging position). An operating portion 38 for releasing (disengaging) the engagement between the engaging claw 37 and the concave / convex engaging portion 28 is formed at a position adjacent to the claw 37 and opposed to the operation ring 17. The operating portion 38 is also formed on the free end side of the elastic piece 36b in the tightening direction y.

The elastic piece 36b in the above-mentioned tightening direction y
The locking groove 29 of the flange 26 of the outer ring 24
When the locking claw 39 is engaged with the locking groove 29, the locking member 27 can be locked to the outer ring 4 in the axial direction. Direction y
When the elastic piece 36b is pressed in the centripetal direction, the engagement can be released. The engagement between the engagement groove 29 and the engagement claw 39 is improved when the thrust bearing 21 and the stopper member 27 are integrated into a unit.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 9, the inner peripheral surface of the operating ring 17 which faces the operating portion 38 of the engaging claw 37 formed on the elastic piece 36a of the stopper member 27 has the operation of the engaging claw 37. An operation cam 41 for operating the portion 38 is formed. The operation cam 41 is formed by forming an engagement cam 42 and a release (release) cam 43 alternately and continuously at a pitch of 10 degrees. I have.

The above-mentioned engaging cam 42 is provided with the above-mentioned engaging claw 3.
The engagement cam 37 is a cam for releasing the operation portion 38 of the engagement claw 37 to make the elasticity act by engaging the engagement claw 37 with the concavo-convex engagement portion 28. The cam presses the operating portion 38 of the engaging claw 37 against its elasticity in order to release the engagement with the concave-convex engaging portion 28 by its elasticity.

Further, as described above, the nut ring 1
Between the operation ring 5 and the operation ring 17, a restricting portion 18 for restricting the mutual rotation range to the above-mentioned engagement and disengagement operation range of the operation cam 41.
Are linked to each other via
As shown in FIG. 9, the regulating protrusions 44 formed continuously at three equally spaced positions on the inner peripheral surface of the operation ring 17, and the regulating protrusions 44 on the distal end side of the nut ring 15. And a regulating recess 45 formed so as to face.

The restricting portion 18 is formed such that the width of the restricting concave portion 45 in the same direction is wider than the circumferential width of the restricting convex portion 44, so that mutual rotation is allowed within a range of an angle of 10 degrees. To
That is, the rotation of the operation ring 17 is allowed at an angle of 10 degrees, and the engagement and disengagement operation by the operation cam 41 is enabled.

Next, the operation of the tool chuck configured as described above will be described.

When a tool shank (not shown) is held between the chuck claws 12 of the tool chuck 10, the operation cam 41 on the inner peripheral surface of the operation ring 17 has the engagement cam 4.
The operating portion 38 of the engaging claw 37 of the locking member 27 of the locking mechanism 25 is in the engaged state with the second or release cam 43 (the state of FIG. 10, a or b).

Therefore, the forward / reverse rotation of the operation ring 17 is transmitted to the nut ring 15 via the operation cam 41 and the stopper member 27. Until the claws 12 contact the tool shank, they rotate together.

As described above, when the operation ring 17 rotates, the nut ring 15 rotates in conjunction with it, and the chuck claws 12 move in the tightening direction and come into contact with the tool shank. With this load, the nut ring 15 receives the reaction force and retreats, and the retraction causes the thrust bearing 21 to be pressed against the opposing surface 35 of the chuck body 11. .

In this state, as shown in FIG.
When the operation portion 38 of the engagement claw 37 is engaged with the release cam 43 of the operation cam 41 of the operation ring 17, the operation ring 17 is moved to the restricting portion 18 against the stopped nut ring 15.
Is allowed to rotate in the tightening direction y by an amount corresponding to the engagement / disengagement operation (an angle of 10 degrees).
Is moved from the release cam 43 to the engagement cam 42 to loosen the pressing force of the operation section 38.

As shown in FIG. 10B, when the operating portion 38 of the engaging claw 37 is engaged with the engaging cam 42 of the operating cam 41, the pressing of the operating portion 38 is already loosened. Will be.

When the pressing of the operating portion 38 is thus loosened, the engaging claw 37 moves to the outer diameter side by its own urging force and engages with the concave / convex engaging portion 28 of the outer ring 24. Even if a load in the loosening direction x acts on the nut ring 15 due to this engagement, the engagement claw 37 receives an acting force in the biting direction.
The nut ring 15 does not rotate in the loosening direction x.

When the operating ring 17 is rotated in the tightening direction y in order to further increase the holding force of the chuck claw 12, the engaging claw 37 is deformed outward by its elastic displacement to form the concave and convex engaging portion. Since rotation is allowed by sliding on 28,
Strong tightening is possible (of course, the operation unit 38 also slides on the operation cam 41).

In the final tightening, the operation portion 38 of the locking claw 37 engages with the engagement cam 42 and stops, so that the nut ring 15 does not rotate in the loosening direction x.

The operating ring 17 and the operating portion 38 are not released by the vibration due to the engagement between the engaging cam 42 and the operating portion 38.
Is not released by the vibration of the operation ring 17 side.

In the manner as described above, the tool is
When the outer ring 24 is used while being held between the outer ring 24 and the nut 27, the engaging claw 37 of the stop member 27 is fixed even if vibration is applied from the tool side and a force in the loosening direction x acts on the nut ring 15. Since the nut ring 15 is engaged with the concave-convex engagement portion 28 in the biting direction, the nut ring 15 does not rotate in the loosening direction x, and the chuck claw 12 can maintain the holding of the tool shank.

Next, to remove the clamped tool,
Since the tightened state is in the state shown in FIG. 10B, the operation ring 17 is turned in the loosening direction x to bring it to the state shown in FIG. 10A. That is, in the initial stage of the rotation of the operation ring 17, the rotation of the operation ring 17 is advanced with respect to the nut ring 15 by the disengagement operation amount (the angle of 10 degrees) regulated by the regulating portion 18. By operation, the operation cam 41 of the operation ring 17
Can move the operation portion 38 of the engagement claw 37 from the engagement cam 42 to the release cam 43.

As a result, the engaging claw 29 moves inward against its elasticity.
4 is released from engagement with the concave / convex engaging portion 28, the rotation becomes free, the movement of the operation ring 17 is transmitted to the nut ring 15 via the restricting portion 18, and the nut ring 15 is rotated in the loosening direction x. The tool can be removed by opening the chuck claws 12.

According to this embodiment, when the nut ring 15 is rotated in the loosening direction x, the engaging claw 3
7 engages with the concave-convex engagement portion 28 of the outer ring 24 and fixes its rotation, so that the rotation of the nut ring 15 in the loosening direction x can be prevented. The tightening force is maintained, and the chuck is not loosened in the operation involving the vibration of the tool, so that the tool can be securely held.

Further, the nut ring 15 corresponds to the inner ring of the thrust bearing 21 and the inner ring is omitted.
5, a locking member 27 is fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the locking member 25, and the locking member 25 is formed between the locking member 27 and the outer ring 24 of the swist bearing 21, so that the locking member 25 is unitized. It is easy to handle, and the number of parts is reduced, the structure is simple and compact,
By incorporating the anti-loosening structure 25 into the chuck body 11, the thrust bearing 21, the nut ring 15, and the anti-loosening structure 25 can also be incorporated at the same time, which facilitates manufacture.

According to the above-described embodiment, the uneven engagement portion 28 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the flange portion 26 of the outer ring 24.
The engaging claw 37 and the operating portion 38 are formed on the elastic rod 33 on the outer peripheral portion of the stop member 27. A concave / convex engaging portion 28 is formed, and an engaging claw 37 that engages with the above-mentioned concave / convex engaging portion 28 on the flange portion 26 of the outer ring 24 under the same conditions as in the first embodiment. The loosening prevention structure 25 can also be configured by forming the operation portion 38 that is engaged and disengaged with the operation cam 41.

In the first embodiment described above, the outer ring 24 of the thrust bearing 21 is prevented from rotating around the chuck body 11, but this outer ring 24 is pressed against the chuck body 11 by the reaction force at the time of tightening and rotates. Since the movement is fixed, the above-described structure of the detent is not always necessary and can be omitted.

As described above, the present invention is not limited to the structure of the embodiment, and many other embodiments can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a tool chuck.

FIG. 2 is an exploded sectional view of a tool chuck.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a loosening prevention structure.

FIG. 4 is a front view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an outer ring.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the outer ring.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a stopper member.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a stopper member and a nut ring.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1;

FIGS. 10A and 10B are explanatory diagrams showing a disengagement operation state of the operation cam.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Tool chuck 11 ... Chuck main body 12 ... Chuck claw 15 ... Nut ring 17 ... Operation ring 18 ... Restriction part 21 ... Thrust bearing 24 ... Outer ring 25 ... Loosening prevention structure 26 ... Flange part 28 ... Concavo-convex engagement part 36a ... Elasticity Piece 37 ... locking claw 38 ... operating part 41 ... operating cam 42 ... engaging cam 43 ... releasing cam 44 ... regulating convex part 45 ... regulating concave part

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of chuck claws are slidably held at a center portion on the tip side of a chuck body, and mutually screwed with a nut ring rotatably held on the chuck body to form an outer periphery of the chuck body. A tool chuck that interlocks the operation ring rotatably fitted to the surface and the nut ring and transmits the rotation of the operation ring in the tightening direction to the nut ring to feed each chuck claw in the tightening direction. A thrust bearing formed by the nut ring rear end side, a plurality of rolling elements, and an outer ring is interposed between the nut ring rear end side and the chuck body side that faces the nut ring in the axial direction. Then, the outer peripheral edge of the outer ring is extended to a position facing the outer peripheral surface of the nut ring to form a flange, and the outer peripheral surface of the nut ring is located at a position facing the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring flange. A ring-shaped stop member is provided on the nut ring to prevent rotation, and a concave / convex engagement portion is continuously formed on one of the inner peripheral surface of the flange portion of the arrester and the outer peripheral surface of the stopper member. On the other peripheral surface facing the concave-convex engaging portion, relative rotation with the concave-convex engaging portion is allowed in the tightening direction of the chuck pawl, and fixed in the loosening direction.
One or a plurality of engaging claws are provided in series, and an operating portion for engaging and disengaging the concave and convex engaging portion of the engaging claw is connected to a position of the engaging claw facing the inner peripheral surface of the operation ring. An operation cam for engaging and disengaging the operation section is formed at a position on the inner peripheral surface of the operation ring opposite to the operation section, and a mutual rotation is provided between the operation ring and the nut ring. A tool chuck having a restricting portion for restricting the operation cam to a range in which the operation cam can be engaged and disengaged. 2. The tool chuck according to claim 1, wherein a locking means for locking the locking member to the outer ring in an axial direction is provided on the locking member and the outer ring.