JP2001251961A - Method and apparatus for growing plant - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for growing plantInfo
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- JP2001251961A JP2001251961A JP2000066037A JP2000066037A JP2001251961A JP 2001251961 A JP2001251961 A JP 2001251961A JP 2000066037 A JP2000066037 A JP 2000066037A JP 2000066037 A JP2000066037 A JP 2000066037A JP 2001251961 A JP2001251961 A JP 2001251961A
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- plant
- growing
- light
- growth
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、植物に対して上
方または側方に設置され、植物に対し光照射を行なう照
明装置およびその制御技術による苗生産設備等における
植物育成方法および装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an illuminating device which is installed above or beside a plant and irradiates the plant with light, and a method and an apparatus for growing a plant in a seedling production facility or the like based on its control technology.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】人工光による植物育成装置および苗生産
設備は、高反射率を有する天井面、壁面、床面から構成
される略閉空間からなり、床面にセルトレイ、ポットな
どの植物育成用の部材が配設される。植物の上方または
側方には、植物の光合成に有効な光源が配設されてお
り、育成期間中設定された光強度により連続的または間
欠的に光照射を行う。2. Description of the Related Art A plant growing apparatus and a seedling production facility using artificial light comprise a substantially closed space composed of a ceiling surface, a wall surface, and a floor surface having a high reflectivity. Are disposed. A light source effective for photosynthesis of the plant is provided above or on the side of the plant, and continuously or intermittently emits light at a light intensity set during the growing period.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来の植物育成装置ま
たは苗生産設備において照明装置からの光照射は、植物
の育成状態に関わらず設定された光強度および点灯時間
の制御によって行われている。しかし、植物の生育には
その成長状態に応じた光強度が必要であり、その成長状
態は植物の種類や他の環境設定に依存する場合が多い。
よって、一意に設定された光強度および点灯時間制御で
は、植物の生育に十分な光強度を与えられない、または
余分な光（光飽和点以上の光強度）を与えてエネルギー
的に無駄となっている場合も考えられる。In a conventional plant growing apparatus or a seedling production facility, light irradiation from a lighting device is performed by controlling light intensity and lighting time set regardless of the growing state of a plant. However, the growth of a plant requires light intensity according to its growth state, and the growth state often depends on the type of plant and other environmental settings.
Therefore, with the light intensity and lighting time control that are uniquely set, it is not possible to provide sufficient light intensity for the growth of the plant, or to give extra light (light intensity equal to or higher than the light saturation point) and waste energy. It is also conceivable.
【０００４】したがって、この発明の目的は、植物の成
育状態に適応した光強度の照射を行なう植物育成方法お
よび装置を提供することである。Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a plant growing method and a plant which irradiate with light intensity adapted to the growing state of the plant.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】請求項１記載の植物育成
方法は、植物の生体情報または成長量を測定し、前記植
物に照射する光源を、前記植物の成育状態に応じた光強
度に制御することを特徴とするものである。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for growing a plant, comprising measuring biological information or a growth amount of the plant, and controlling a light source for irradiating the plant with a light intensity corresponding to a growing state of the plant. It is characterized by doing.
【０００６】請求項１記載の植物育成方法によれば、植
物の成育状態に適した光環境を維持でき、光照射装置に
必要とするエネルギーを抑えることが可能である。According to the plant growing method of the first aspect, a light environment suitable for the growing state of the plant can be maintained, and the energy required for the light irradiation device can be suppressed.
【０００７】請求項２記載の植物育成装置は、植物に光
を照射する光源と、前記植物の生体情報または成長量を
測定する測定手段と、前記光源を前記植物の成育状態に
応じた光強度に制御する制御部とを備えたものである。According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a plant growing apparatus, comprising: a light source for irradiating the plant with light; measuring means for measuring biological information or growth amount of the plant; And a control unit for controlling the operation.
【０００８】請求項２記載の植物育成装置によれば、請
求項１と同様な効果がある。According to the plant growing apparatus of the second aspect, the same effect as that of the first aspect is obtained.
【０００９】請求項３記載の植物育成装置は、請求項２
において、前記測定手段が、前記植物の生体情報または
成長量として葉色を測定するものである。[0009] The plant growing apparatus according to the third aspect is the second aspect.
Wherein the measuring means measures the leaf color as biological information or growth amount of the plant.
【００１０】請求項３記載の植物育成装置によれば、請
求項２と同様な効果がある。According to the third aspect of the present invention, the same effects as those of the second aspect can be obtained.
【００１１】請求項４記載の植物育成装置は、請求項２
において、前記測定手段が、前記植物の生体情報または
成長量として植物体形状を測定する光学カメラを有する
ものである。[0011] The plant growing apparatus according to the fourth aspect is the second aspect.
Wherein the measuring means has an optical camera for measuring a plant shape as biological information or growth amount of the plant.
【００１２】請求項４記載の植物育成装置によれば、請
求項２と同様な効果がある。According to the plant growing apparatus of the fourth aspect, the same effect as that of the second aspect is obtained.
【００１３】請求項５記載の植物育成装置は、請求項２
において、前記測定手段が、前記植物の生体情報または
成長量として植物体からの水分蒸散量、二酸化炭素吸収
量または酸素排出量を測定するものである。The plant growing apparatus according to the fifth aspect is the second aspect of the present invention.
In the above, the measuring means measures the amount of water transpiration, the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed, or the amount of oxygen exhausted from the plant as biological information or growth amount of the plant.
【００１４】請求項５記載の植物育成装置によれば、請
求項２と同様な効果がある。According to the plant growing apparatus of the fifth aspect, the same effect as that of the second aspect is obtained.
【００１５】請求項６記載の植物育成装置は、請求項２
において、前記測定手段が、植物の葉の緑色反射率を測
定するものであり、前記制御部は前記緑色反射率から植
物の成育状態に合わせた光強度を調光するものである。[0015] The plant growing apparatus according to the sixth aspect is the second aspect.
In the above, the measuring means may measure a green reflectance of a leaf of the plant, and the control unit may control a light intensity according to a growing state of the plant from the green reflectance.
【００１６】請求項６記載の植物育成装置によれば、請
求項２と同様な効果がある。According to the plant growing apparatus of the sixth aspect, the same effect as that of the second aspect is obtained.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の実施の形態】この発明の一実施の形態を図１か
ら図４により説明する。すなわち、植物育成方法は、植
物１の生体情報または成長量を測定し、植物１に照射す
る光源２を、植物１の成育状態に応じた光強度および点
灯時間に制御するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. That is, in the plant growing method, the biological information or the growth amount of the plant 1 is measured, and the light source 2 for irradiating the plant 1 is controlled to the light intensity and the lighting time according to the growing state of the plant 1.
【００１８】植物育成装置は、植物１に光を照射する光
源２と、植物１の生体情報または成長量を測定する測定
手段３と、光源２を植物１の成育状態に応じた光強度に
制御する制御部４とを備えている。The plant growing apparatus controls the light source 2 for irradiating the plant 1 with light, the measuring means 3 for measuring the biological information or the growth amount of the plant 1, and the light source 2 for controlling the light intensity according to the growing state of the plant 1. And a control unit 4 that performs the control.
【００１９】実施の形態では、植物１が育成室５の床面
に配置される。育成室５は、図２および図３に示すよう
に、天井面、壁面、床面から構成される略閉空間（間口
×奥行き×高さ：１３３０×６００×４００ｍｍ）に、
植物搬入出用の開口部７（幅×高さ：１３３０×２５０
ｍｍを形成した構成である。天井面、壁面および床面の
反射率は各々８０％、８０％および５％とする。In the embodiment, the plant 1 is placed on the floor of the breeding room 5. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the breeding room 5 is provided in a substantially closed space (width × depth × height: 1330 × 600 × 400 mm) composed of a ceiling surface, a wall surface, and a floor surface.
Opening 7 for loading and unloading plants (width x height: 1330 x 250
mm. The reflectivities of the ceiling, wall and floor are 80%, 80% and 5%, respectively.
【００２０】光源２は、育成室５の天井面の近くに設置
される。実施の形態ではＨｆ（高周波点灯形）３２ｗ用
直管蛍光灯の８本を等間隔（７０ｍｍ、両端は５５ｍ
ｍ）に並設し、かつランプ下面が天井面より１００ｍｍ
に位置するように設置されている。蛍光灯の安定器６
は、Ｈｆ３２ｗ用電子安定器を用いる。なおこの電子安
定器６は調光可能のものとする。The light source 2 is installed near the ceiling of the growing room 5. In the embodiment, eight straight tube fluorescent lamps for Hf (high frequency lighting type) 32w are equally spaced (70 mm, both ends being 55 m).
m), and the lower surface of the lamp is 100 mm from the ceiling surface
It is installed to be located in. Fluorescent light ballast 6
Uses an electronic ballast for Hf32w. The electronic ballast 6 is dimmable.
【００２１】測定手段３は、植物１の生体情報または成
長量として葉色を測定するもので、例えば植物１の葉の
緑色反射率を測定する。実施の形態では、育成室５の開
口部７に対する奥側壁面に配置された例えば色彩色差計
を用いた色感知センサであり、植物の特定された葉部の
色の測定を行う。色感知センサのセンサ値（Ｙ値：表色
系におけるＹ値、ｘｙ値：色度座標におけるｘｙ座標）
は制御部４に出力され転送される。測定によれば、Ｙ
値、ｘｙ値は成育状態に応じて変化する。植物体の成長
と葉部反射率および色度座標の一例を表１に示す。The measuring means 3 measures the leaf color as biological information or growth amount of the plant 1, and measures, for example, the green reflectance of the leaves of the plant 1. In the embodiment, the color sensor is a color sensor using, for example, a colorimeter that is disposed on the inner side wall surface of the growing room 5 with respect to the opening 7 and measures the color of the specified leaf portion of the plant. Sensor value of color sensing sensor (Y value: Y value in color system, xy value: xy coordinates in chromaticity coordinates)
Is output to the control unit 4 and transferred. According to the measurement, Y
The values and xy values change according to the growth state. Table 1 shows an example of plant growth, leaf reflectance and chromaticity coordinates.
【００２２】[0022]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２３】制御部４は、緑色反射率から植物１の成育
状態に合わせた光強度を調光する調光器８と制御用コン
ピュータ９を有する。制御用コンピュータ９例えばＤＯ
Ｓ／Ｖパソコン、Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ（登録商標）９８を用
いる。制御用コンピュータ９は略閉空間外に設置され、
測定手段３からのデータを取得し、植物体の生育状況を
判断し、調光器８にデューティ信号を入力して電子安定
器６に調光用の制御信号の送信を行う。すなわち、略閉
空間内の植物１の上方に設置された測定手段３により植
物１の任意の位置の色を感知し、検知したデータを略閉
空間外に設置された制御コンピュータ９に伝送し、伝送
されたセンサ値は制御用コンピュータ９内で解析を行
い、植物１の生育状況を判断する。植物１の成育状態に
より制御部４内から調光器８を通して調光用電子安定器
６ヘ調光信号を送信する。また本実施の形態では、点灯
時間は明期１２時間、暗期１２時間とした。照明装置の
仕様により必要とされる光強度が達成できない場合は、
同時に点灯時間制御により不足する光を補填することが
可能である。このようにして、床面に配置された植物１
の成育状態に応じた光強度で植物１を照射する。The control section 4 has a dimmer 8 for dimming light intensity according to the growth state of the plant 1 from the green reflectance and a control computer 9. Control computer 9 such as DO
An S / V personal computer, Windows (registered trademark) 98 is used. The control computer 9 is installed outside the substantially closed space,
Data from the measuring means 3 is obtained, the growth state of the plant is determined, a duty signal is input to the dimmer 8, and a control signal for dimming is transmitted to the electronic ballast 6. That is, the color of an arbitrary position of the plant 1 is sensed by the measuring means 3 installed above the plant 1 in the substantially closed space, and the detected data is transmitted to the control computer 9 installed outside the substantially closed space. The transmitted sensor values are analyzed in the control computer 9 to determine the growth status of the plant 1. A light control signal is transmitted from the control unit 4 to the light control electronic ballast 6 through the light control 8 according to the growing state of the plant 1. In the present embodiment, the lighting time is 12 hours in the light period and 12 hours in the dark period. If the required light intensity cannot be achieved due to the specifications of the lighting device,
At the same time, it is possible to compensate for the insufficient light by controlling the lighting time. Thus, the plant 1 placed on the floor surface
The plant 1 is irradiated at a light intensity according to the growing state of the plant.
【００２４】実施の形態で用いた植物１は、図４に示す
ように、生育初期１０において葉部反射率が高く、生育
中期１１から生育後期１２に近づくにつれ反射率が低下
する傾向にある。よって、葉部反射率を測定すること
で、植物１の生育状況を判断することができ、必要とす
る光強度が決定される。As shown in FIG. 4, the plant 1 used in the embodiment has a high leaf reflectance in the early growth stage 10, and the reflectance tends to decrease from the middle growth stage 11 to the late growth stage 12. Therefore, by measuring the leaf reflectance, the growth state of the plant 1 can be determined, and the required light intensity is determined.
【００２５】このように植物の育成には成育が進む程強
い光が必要となり、また同時に葉の反射率が低下するた
め、育成に応じた人工光による光強度の制御を葉の反射
率を測ることにより自動化することができ、省力化が図
れる。As described above, the growing of plants requires stronger light as the growth proceeds, and at the same time, the reflectance of the leaves decreases. Therefore, the control of the light intensity by artificial light according to the growing is performed to measure the reflectance of the leaves. Thus, automation can be performed, and labor can be saved.
【００２６】つぎに、植物は一般に、成長状態によって
茎長、茎径、葉色、葉面積、草丈などの形状が異なる。
また、光合成量や呼吸などの生理現象も成長により異な
ることになる。一般的に植物の光合成量は、その植物体
が成育するにつれ、増加する傾向にある。また、植物体
の光合成能力に応じた光照射が最も効率良く植物を成育
させるパラメータとなる。Next, plants generally have different shapes such as stem length, stem diameter, leaf color, leaf area, and plant height depending on the growth state.
Physiological phenomena such as photosynthesis and respiration also vary with growth. Generally, the photosynthesis of a plant tends to increase as the plant grows. Further, light irradiation according to the photosynthetic ability of the plant is a parameter for growing the plant most efficiently.
【００２７】そこで、植物体の成長状態をモニタリング
することで、育成条件に欠かすことができない光強度の
設定と点灯時間（明暗期時間）の制御ヘフィードバック
を行う。Therefore, by monitoring the growth state of the plant body, the setting of the light intensity, which is indispensable to the growing conditions, and the feedback to the control of the lighting time (light / dark period) are performed.
【００２８】例えば、測定手段を、植物１の生体情報ま
たは成長量として植物体形状を測定する光学カメラと
し、植物体形状の大きさに応じて光強度を設定し調光す
る。For example, the measuring means is an optical camera that measures the shape of the plant as biological information or the amount of growth of the plant 1, and the light intensity is set according to the size of the shape of the plant and light is adjusted.
【００２９】また測定手段が、植物１の生体情報または
成長量として植物体からの水分蒸散量、二酸化炭素吸収
量または酸素排出量を測定し、これらの量の大きさに応
じて光強度を設定し調光する。The measuring means measures the amount of water transpiration, the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed or the amount of oxygen emitted from the plant as the biological information or the amount of growth of the plant 1, and sets the light intensity according to the magnitude of these amounts. And dimming.
【００３０】なお、この発明は、前述の略閉空間からな
る植物育成装置および苗生産設備のみに限定されない。
また植物の成長状態に応じて光強度とともにまたは独立
して点灯時間を制御してもよい。The present invention is not limited to only the plant growing apparatus and the seedling production facility having the substantially closed space described above.
The lighting time may be controlled together with the light intensity or independently according to the growth state of the plant.
【００３１】[0031]
【発明の効果】請求項１記載の植物育成方法によれば、
植物の成育状態に適した光環境を維持でき、光照射装置
に必要とするエネルギーを抑えることが可能である。According to the method for growing a plant according to the first aspect,
The light environment suitable for the growing state of the plant can be maintained, and the energy required for the light irradiation device can be suppressed.
【００３２】請求項２記載の植物育成装置によれば、請
求項１と同様な効果がある。According to the plant growing apparatus of the second aspect, the same effect as that of the first aspect is obtained.
【００３３】請求項３記載の植物育成装置によれば、請
求項２と同様な効果がある。According to the plant growing apparatus of the third aspect, the same effect as that of the second aspect is obtained.
【００３４】請求項４記載の植物育成装置によれば、請
求項２と同様な効果がある。According to the plant growing apparatus of the fourth aspect, the same effect as that of the second aspect is obtained.
【００３５】請求項５記載の植物育成装置によれば、請
求項２と同様な効果がある。According to the plant growing apparatus of the fifth aspect, the same effect as that of the second aspect is obtained.
【００３６】請求項６記載の植物育成装置によれば、請
求項２と同様な効果がある。According to the plant growing apparatus of the sixth aspect, the same effect as that of the second aspect is obtained.
【図１】この発明の一実施の形態の説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】その育成室の概略斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the growth room.
【図３】（ａ）は正面視概略断面図、（ｂ）はそのＡ−
Ａ線断面図である。FIG. 3A is a schematic cross-sectional view as viewed from the front, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A.
【図４】波長に対する波浮反射率の関係図である。FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between wave floating reflectance and wavelength.
１ 育成室 ２ 光源 ３ 測定手段 ４ 制御部 ５ 育成室 ６ 安定器 ７ 開口部 ８ 調光器 ９ 制御用コンピュータ REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 growth room 2 light source 3 measuring means 4 control unit 5 growth room 6 ballast 7 opening 8 dimmer 9 control computer
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 蓑島 雅志 大阪府門真市大字門真1048番地 松下電工 株式会社内 Ｆターム(参考） 2B022 AA00 DA01 DA15 DA19 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Masashi Minoshima 1048 Odakadoma, Kadoma-shi, Osaka Matsushita Electric Works F-term (reference) 2B022 AA00 DA01 DA15 DA19
Claims (6)
前記植物に照射する光源を、前記植物の成育状態に応じ
た光強度に制御することを特徴とする植物育成方法。1. A method for measuring biological information or growth amount of a plant,
A plant growing method, wherein a light source for irradiating the plant is controlled to a light intensity according to a growing state of the plant.
生体情報または成長量を測定する測定手段と、前記光源
を前記植物の成育状態に応じた光強度に制御する制御部
とを備えた植物育成装置。2. A light source for irradiating a plant with light, a measuring unit for measuring biological information or a growth amount of the plant, and a control unit for controlling the light source to a light intensity according to a growth state of the plant. Plant growing equipment.
たは成長量として葉色を測定する請求項２記載の植物育
成装置。3. The plant growing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said measuring means measures leaf color as biological information or growth amount of said plant.
たは成長量として植物体形状を測定する光学カメラを有
する請求項２記載の植物育成装置。4. The plant growing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said measuring means has an optical camera for measuring a plant shape as biological information or growth amount of said plant.
たは成長量として植物体からの水分蒸散量、二酸化炭素
吸収量または酸素排出量を測定する請求項２記載の植物
育成装置。5. The plant growing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said measuring means measures the amount of water evaporation, carbon dioxide absorption, or oxygen emission from the plant as biological information or growth amount of said plant.
を測定するものであり、前記制御部は前記緑色反射率か
ら植物の成育状態に合わせた光強度を調光する請求項２
記載の植物育成装置。6. The measuring means for measuring a green reflectance of a leaf of a plant, and the control unit dims a light intensity according to a growing state of the plant from the green reflectance.
The plant growing apparatus according to the above.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000066037A JP2001251961A (en) | 2000-03-10 | 2000-03-10 | Method and apparatus for growing plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000066037A JP2001251961A (en) | 2000-03-10 | 2000-03-10 | Method and apparatus for growing plant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001251961A true JP2001251961A (en) | 2001-09-18 |
Family
ID=18585470
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000066037A Pending JP2001251961A (en) | 2000-03-10 | 2000-03-10 | Method and apparatus for growing plant |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2001251961A (en) |
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