JP2001234856A - Swash plate compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a swash plate compressor capable of reducing hammering noise generated at the time of an operation without mounting a muffler on the outside. SOLUTION: The swash plate compressor has first chambers 31, 33 for low pressure gas sucked to a plurality of cylinders 14 and second chambers 32, 34 for receiving high pressure gas delivered from each cylinder, into a housing. The second both chambers are communicated with each other through a conduit pipe 42. The leading pipe 42 has at least one orifice 56 therein.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a swash plate type compressor used in an automotive air conditioning system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A swash plate type compressor is one of compressors which are incorporated in a vehicle air conditioning system and perform a compression work of a refrigerant (gas) by receiving a rotational power of an on-vehicle engine.

In a swash plate compressor, refrigerant (low-pressure gas) is sucked into each cylinder from outside of the housing by reciprocation of a plurality of pistons in a plurality of cylinders provided in the housing. After being compressed, the compressed refrigerant (high-pressure gas) is discharged to the outside of the housing.

[0004] The reciprocation of each piston is performed via a shaft rotatably supported by the housing and a swash plate attached to the shaft. The shaft rotates by receiving the rotational power of a vehicle-mounted engine, and the swash plate converts the rotational motion of the shaft into a reciprocating motion of the piston.

The low-pressure gas is received in two first chambers provided in the housing before being introduced into each cylinder, and the high-pressure gas is discharged into the housing before being discharged out of the housing. Are discharged to the two second chambers provided in the second chamber.

The introduction of the low-pressure gas into each cylinder and the discharge of the high-pressure gas from each cylinder are controlled by a valve mechanism provided in the housing.

The first chamber and the second chamber are set as one set, and two sets are opposed to both ends of the cylinder, respectively. The low-pressure gas is supplied from both the first chamber to each cylinder. The high-pressure gas is alternately introduced to both ends, and the compressed high-pressure gas is alternately discharged from both ends of each cylinder to both the second chambers.

By the way, in the swash plate type compressor, during operation, the high-pressure gas discharged from each cylinder to each second chamber hits the wall of the second chamber intermittently. I do.

Conventionally, in order to reduce the beating sound, a silencer connected to each second chamber and defining a space for receiving the high-pressure refrigerant from the second chamber has been attached to the outside of the swash plate type compressor ( JP-B-63-54907 or JP-B-4-8635).

[0010]

However, the silencer provided integrally with the swash plate compressor outside the swash plate compressor hinders the installation of the swash plate compressor in a narrow engine room of an automobile, particularly a passenger car. Also, the installation work was difficult.

An object of the present invention is to provide a swash plate compressor capable of reducing a beating sound generated during operation without providing a muffler externally.

[0012]

According to the present invention, there is provided a swash plate type compressor comprising: a housing;
Two sets of a first chamber for receiving a low pressure gas and a second chamber for receiving a high pressure gas, the two chambers communicating with each other via a conduit extending through the housing. A first chamber and a second chamber, a plurality of cylinders provided between the two sets of the first and second chambers, and a piston reciprocally disposed in each cylinder; And a swash plate attached to the shaft for converting the rotational motion of the shaft into reciprocating motion of the piston, the flow of the low-pressure gas from each first chamber to each cylinder, and the A valve mechanism for controlling the flow of the high-pressure gas to the second chamber, wherein a conduit for both the second chambers has a small number therein. It characterized by having a Kutomo one orifice.

[0013]

According to the present invention, the high-pressure gas discharged from each cylinder in the housing and then received in each of the second chambers passes through the conduit between the second chambers. , From one second chamber to the other second chamber,
Together with the high-pressure gas in the chamber.

According to the present invention, since the conduit is provided with an orifice, the one second chamber is connected to the other second chamber.
Resistance to the movement of the high-pressure gas to the second chamber, whereby the pressure in the one second chamber is higher than when the orifice is not provided, and the pressure of the one second chamber is increased. The discharge speed of the high-pressure gas discharged into the chamber and impinging on the wall of the chamber is reduced, so that the beating sound of the high-pressure gas against the chamber wall can be reduced. For this reason, according to the present invention, it is not necessary to provide a muffler outside the swash plate type compressor, and for this purpose, the installation of the swash plate type compressor in the engine room and the work thereof are easily performed. be able to.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a swash plate compressor is indicated generally by the numeral 10.

The swash plate type compressor 10 includes a housing 12,
A plurality of (for example, five) cylinders 14 provided in the housing, a shaft 16 rotatably supported by the housing 12 and extending on the axis of the housing, a swash plate 18 attached to the shaft, and a plurality of cylinders A plurality of pistons 2 arranged reciprocally within
0.

In the illustrated example, a cylinder block 21 that defines a plurality of cylinders 14 is housed in the housing 12 and extends in the axial direction of the housing 12. The plurality of cylinders 14 are arranged at intervals around the shaft 16, and are open at both end surfaces of the cylinder block 21.

The housing 12 includes a cylinder block 21
And a cap 24 fixed to an open end of the main body 22 and closing the main body 22. Body 2
2 has a tubular portion defining its open other end.

The shaft 16 is supported by the housing 12 via a cylinder block 21. More specifically,
The shaft 16 extends through the tubular portion of the housing 12 and extends through the cylinder block 21. The shaft 16 is rotatably supported on the cylinder block 21 via a pair of radial bearings 25.

The shaft 16 is rotated by receiving the rotational power of a vehicle-mounted engine (not shown). The rotational movement of the shaft 16 is converted into a reciprocating movement of each piston 20 via the swash plate 18.

The swash plate 18 is disposed in a cavity 26 provided in the cylinder block 21 and a recess 27 of each piston 20 communicating with the cavity.
And is fixed to it. The boss portion is in contact with the cylinder block 21 via a pair of thrust bearings 28.

The swash plate 18 is in contact with each piston 20 via a pair of disk-shaped shoes 29 and a pair of balls 30. Both shoes 29 are arranged in the recesses 27 of the piston and are in contact with both surfaces of the swash plate 18 respectively. Each ball 30 is rotatably held by the shoe 29 and each piston 20.

The swash plate 18 is inclined with respect to the shaft 16. That is, the swash plate 18 is
Crossing angles other than degrees. Therefore, when the swash plate 18 rotates together with the shaft 16, the position of an arbitrary portion in the circumferential direction of the swash plate 18 changes in the axial direction of the shaft 16. As a result, when the swash plate 18 rotates,
Each piston 20 in contact with the swash plate 18 is forcibly displaced by the swash plate in the axial direction of each piston, and reciprocates.

Inside the housing 12 there are two sets of first and second chambers 31,32 and 33,34.
Is provided. That is, one set of the first chamber 31 and the second chamber 32 is provided on one end side (front side) of the main body 22, and another set is provided on the cap 24 on the other end side (rear side) of the main body 22. First chamber 3 of
Third and second chambers 34 are provided. The two sets of first and second chambers 31, 32 and 33, 34 are open to each other.

Each of the first chambers 31 and 33 is formed of an annular space for receiving a refrigerant (low-pressure gas) introduced into the housing 12, and each of the second chambers 32 and 34 is formed of Refrigerant (high-pressure gas) compressed by piston 20 and discharged out of cylinder 14
Consisting of an annular space for receiving.

More specifically, each first chamber 31, 33 has a generally annular open surface surrounding the axis of the housing 12, and each second chamber 32, 34 has a respective first chamber 31, 34. It has a generally annular open surface surrounding the periphery of 33.

For reference, each first chamber 31, 3
Symbols “L” indicating low pressure are attached to 3, 35,
Each of the second chambers 32 and 34 is denoted by a symbol “H” indicating high pressure.

The low-pressure gas flows from an inlet port (not shown) provided in the cap 24 through a passage (not shown) provided in the housing 12 to each first chamber 3.
1,35. The low-pressure gas in the first chambers 31 and 33 receives the negative pressure generated by the reciprocating motion of each piston 20 and is sucked into each cylinder 14 alternately from both ends thereof.

On the other hand, the discharge of the high-pressure gas from each cylinder 14 into both the second chambers 32 and 34 is performed alternately from both ends of each cylinder 14 in accordance with the reciprocating motion of each piston 20.

The discharged high-pressure gas is indicated by a dashed arrow 3
As shown by 6, the liquid is guided from the second chamber 32 on the rear side to an outlet port 37 provided in the cap 24 via a passage (not shown) provided in the cap 24. As will be described later, since the second chambers 32 and 34 communicate with each other via the conduit 42, the high-pressure gas discharged to the front-side second chamber 32 is supplied to the conduit 4.
Through the second and rear second chambers 34, they are led to an outlet port 37.

Both end surfaces of the cylinder block 21 (ie, both end surfaces of the cylinder 14) are opposed to the open surfaces of the two sets of first and second chambers 31, 32 and 33, 34, respectively. End faces and 2
A set of first and second chambers 31, 32 and 3
A pair of valve plates 38 and 40 that form part of a valve mechanism for controlling the flow of the low-pressure gas and the high-pressure gas are disposed between the valve plates 38 and 40, respectively.

The front valve plate 38 of the two valve plates 38 and 40 has one side on both sides thereof.
The main body 12 defining the first and second chambers 31 and 32 of the set and one open end face of the cylinder block 21 are in airtight contact with each other. Further, the rear side valve plate 40 has a pair of first and second
Of the cylinder block 21 and the other open end face of the cylinder block 21 in an airtight manner.

Thus, both valve plates 38, 40
An enclosed space consisting of a plurality of cylinders 14 is defined between them,
Further, each pair of the first and second chambers 31, 32 and 3 closed by the respective valve plates 38 and 40 is also provided.
An enclosed space consisting of 3, 34 is defined.

The second chambers 32 and 34 communicate with each other via a conduit 42 that passes through the cylinder block 21 in the axial direction.

In the illustrated example, the first chamber 31 on the front side communicates with the internal space of the tubular portion of the housing 12, and in order to ensure the hermeticity of the first chamber 31, Inside, a seal member 44 and an O-ring 46 surrounding a part of the shaft 16 are arranged.

The one valve plate 38 on the front side has a hole (inlet opening) 48 communicating with the first chamber 31 and each cylinder 14, and a hole (inlet) communicating with the second chamber 32 and each cylinder 14. Outlet opening) 50 is provided. The other valve plate 40 on the rear side includes
A hole (entrance opening) 52 communicating with the first chamber 33 and each cylinder 14 and a hole (exit opening) 54 communicating with the second chamber 34 and each cylinder 14 are provided.

The inlet openings 48, 52 allow the low pressure gas to flow (introduce) from each first chamber 31, 33 into each cylinder 14, and the outlet openings 50, 54 allow each cylinder 14 to The flow (discharge) of the high-pressure gas into the second chambers 32 and 34 is allowed.

Each of the valve plates 38 and 40 has
An on-off valve (not shown) for opening and closing each of the inlet openings 48 and 52 is attached.

The on-off valve is disposed, for example, between the valve plates 38, 40 and the cylinder block 21 and is sandwiched therebetween, and closes the respective valve plates 38, 40 to close the respective inlet openings 48, 52. It consists of a check valve made of leaf spring. This check valve is elastically deformed and opens each of the inlet openings 48 and 52 when receiving a negative pressure generated in each of the cylinders 14 as the piston 20 reciprocates.

Further, an opening / closing valve for opening / closing the outlet openings 50 and 54 is provided. These on-off valves are arranged in each second chamber 32, 34 and each outlet opening 5
The valve leaf is made up of a leaf spring (not shown) made of a leaf spring, and each valve leaf is supported on the surface of each of the valve plates 38 and 40 via a retainer (not shown).

Each valve leaf is connected to each valve plate 3
It consists of a check valve close to 8,40. When the check valve receives the high pressure of the refrigerant compressed in each cylinder 14 with the reciprocating motion of the piston 20, the check valve is elastically deformed to open the outlet opening.

The conduit 42 for guiding the high-pressure gas discharged into the second chamber 32 through the outlet opening 50 on the front side to the second chamber 34 on the rear side has at least one orifice 56 therein. .

In the example shown, the orifice 56 is
2 is formed by a tubular piece pressed into the front end. This piece has a small diameter tube section 58,
It comprises a pair of conical tube portions 60 connected to both ends of the tube portion, and the diameters of both tube portions 60 gradually decrease toward the other one.

During operation of the compressor 10, the orifice 56
The high pressure gas moving from the front side to the rear side gives resistance. Therefore, the pressure drop in the second chamber 32 caused by the flow of the high-pressure gas from the front side to the rear side is smaller than that in the case where the orifice 56 is not provided. Is relatively high pressure.

From this, the high-pressure gas sequentially discharged from the plurality of cylinders 14 has a relatively high pressure in the second
When it is received in the chamber 32, it strikes with relatively weak force against the wall defining the second chamber. As a result, the beating sound of the high pressure gas on the wall surface of the second chamber 32 is reduced.

Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a muffler externally as in the above-described conventional compressor, whereby the compressor can be easily installed in the engine room and its operation can be easily performed.

The orifices 56 can be further arranged, for example, at the rear end of the conduit 42 in order to increase the number of the orifices 56.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a swash plate type compressor.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the swash plate compressor taken along line 2-2 of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 swash plate compressor 12 housing 14 cylinder 16 shaft 18 swash plate 20 piston 31, 33 first chamber 32, 34 second chamber 38, 40 valve plate 42 conduit 56 orifice

Claims (1)

[Claims] A first chamber for receiving a low-pressure gas and a second chamber for receiving a high-pressure gas provided in the housing, wherein a conduit extending through the housing is provided. Two sets of first and second chambers in which the second two chambers are in communication with each other, a plurality of cylinders provided between the two sets of first and second chambers, and A piston rotatably disposed in the cylinder, a shaft rotatably supported by the housing, and a swash plate attached to the shaft for converting rotational movement of the shaft into reciprocating movement of the piston; For controlling the flow of the low-pressure gas from each chamber to each cylinder and the flow of the high-pressure gas from each cylinder to each second chamber. And a lube mechanism, said second conduit for both chambers having at least one orifice therein, a swash plate type compressor.