JP2001229622A - Optical disk and optical disk recording method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an optical disk and an optical disk recording method capable of recording music and images (movies or the like for instance) without information omission by making time required for the change shorter than before. SOLUTION: For this optical disk, a management area is divided into plural areas and one or plural management areas for storing change information are provided between the innermost and outermost peripheries of the disk. Since an optical head is not required to move to the innermost and outermost peripheries at the time of the change as before, the time required for a change processing is shortened.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention generally relates to an optical disc, and more particularly, to an optical disc having a new format and a method of recording on the optical disc. The present invention relates to, for example, MO, ASMO, MD-DATA, DVD-RA
It is suitable as a format standard for rewritable next-generation optical disks such as M and PD.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art ASMO (Advanced Store)
An optical disk such as an Age Magneto Optical Disk (MO) has a storage capacity of 6 GB or more, and allows a user to freely write information.
A disc, typically, has a recording management area provided at the innermost and outer circumferences in the disc radial direction (track direction) and a plurality of bands sandwiched therebetween.
The recording management area is sometimes called a lead-in area and a lead-out area. However, which of the outer and inner recording management areas is assigned to the lead-in area and the lead-out area is a matter of specifications and is optional. .

The recording management area includes a recording / reproducing method for the entire disc, a position of a data area (for example, replacement area information described later) and other management information (for example, security data).
This area is used by manufacturers that cannot be rewritten by users. Conventionally, management information has been redundantly recorded in two recording management areas on the inner and outer peripheries in order to improve reliability, and further typically has been typically recorded twice in one recording management area. As a result, one piece of management information was recorded four times in the recording management area on the inner and outer circumferences. This is due to empirical reasons such that when the disk is eroded by rust, either the inner or outer recording management area often becomes impossible.

[0004] On the other hand, each band is an area that can be accessed by a user, and typically includes a data area and a replacement area. The data area is an area for storing predetermined data recorded by the user. The replacement area stores a substitute block for a defective block (sector) existing in the user area. Therefore, if there is no defect in the data area, no data is written in the replacement area. The address of the replacement area is written in the above-mentioned recording management area.

[0005] In the ASMO, the length of one sector is made the same to make the recording density of each track substantially constant. Since the distance in the circumferential direction (sector direction) increases from the inner circumference to the outer circumference of the disk, the number of sectors increases from the inner circumference to the outer circumference. Each band is conceptually composed of one data area and one spare area corresponding to the data area, and the arrangement of the sectors (physical format) is a CLV (Constant Linear Veer).
location) method, CAV (Constant Ang)
ultra-Velocity) system and ZCAV (Zo
ne Constant Angular Veloci
ty) method. For example, CAV method and ZC
In the AV system, the rotation speed (angular speed) is substantially constant at the inner and outer circumferences and the synchronous clock frequency for recording and reproduction is changed.
The SMO employs a CLV method in which the clock frequency between bands is made equal by changing the rotation speed.

[0006]

In a conventional ASMO, if a defective area exists in a data area during recording and a spare area is used, the optical head moves to a recording management area on the innermost and outermost circumferences of the disk. This information must be written. However, since three different rotation speeds are assigned to the innermost and outer circumferences and the band, a large amount of power is required for the rotation drive control of the motor for this writing. Also,
Since the optical head has to move from the band to the innermost and outermost recording management area, it takes a long access time. For this reason, when the ASMO records, for example, music or images to be continuously recorded (for example, a movie), information recording may be omitted due to the access time required at the time of replacement, or the recording may not be performed. The operation sometimes stopped at that point. This is not a problem peculiar to the CLV method. Even if the CAV method or the ZCAV method is adopted, the optical head must move to the innermost and outermost recording management area at the time of replacement. Was hanging.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is a general object of the present invention to provide a new and useful optical disk and an optical disk recording method which solve the above-mentioned conventional problems.

More specifically, it is an object of the present invention to provide an optical disk and an optical disk recording method capable of recording music and images (for example, movies) without any information leakage by shortening the time required for replacement as compared with the prior art. Is an exemplary object of the present invention.

It is another exemplary object of the present invention to provide an optical disk and an optical disk recording method in which the power used at the time of replacement in an optical disk adopting the CLV system as a physical format is reduced as compared with the conventional method.

It is another exemplary object of the present invention to provide an optical disk and an optical disk recording method that maintain and / or improve the reliability of replacement information.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical disk in which management information can be stored and a user cannot rewrite, a data area accessible by a user, and a defective block which can be present in the data area. A spare area capable of providing a block, wherein the recording management area is present in three or more places on the optical disc, and different contents of the management information can be stored according to a location where the recording management area is arranged.

Although the conventional optical disc has two recording management areas having the same contents at the innermost circumference and the outermost circumference, the optical disc according to the present invention provides a new format instead. That is, the optical disk of the present invention has three or more recording management areas on the disk, and the recording management area can store different management information depending on the location. As a result, the management information is not lost and the predetermined processing is facilitated (for example, the reduction of the moving time of the head in the recording processing or the replacement processing and the reduction of the number of changes in the disk rotation speed or the clock frequency are promoted). Management information) can be divided into a plurality of information contents and arranged. Thus, an exemplary application of the present invention is:
The management information of at least two of the three or more recording management areas may be different, but this does not mean that the three or more recording management areas are all the same. For example, in another exemplary application, only one central recording management area is accessed and updated during the recording process, and the management information of the central recording management area is changed to another management information after the recording operation is completed and before the power is turned off. It may be copied to the recording management area.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the optical disk according to the first aspect, the management information recorded in the recording management area includes first management information including a recording method of the entire disk, the defective block, and the first block. Second management information including address information of each of the replacement blocks, wherein the recording management areas are respectively arranged at the innermost circumference and the outermost circumference of the optical disk, and store the first management information. A first management area; and a second management area provided between the innermost circumference and the outermost circumference of the optical disc and storing the second management information. Therefore, according to the optical disk of the present invention, the management information is divided into the first and second management information, the first management area is separated from the second management area, and the second management information is stored in the innermost and outermost areas. It is provided between them. When the second management information is accessed, the optical head is also usually located between the innermost and outermost circumferences, so that the moving distance of the optical head is shorter than that of a conventional optical disk in which the second management information is arranged on the innermost and outermost circumferences. The second management area may be provided at one location between the innermost and outer circumferences with respect to the entire data area, or may be divided into a plurality of locations.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the optical disk according to the second aspect, the optical disk has a plurality of bands each having a data area and a replacement area, and the second management area has a corresponding data area. It is provided in the band. Therefore, according to the optical disc of the present invention, the second management area and the optical head accessing the second management area are usually located in the same band. As a result, the moving distance of the optical head is further reduced.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the optical disk of the second aspect, the first management area can further store the second management information. Therefore, the optical disc according to the present invention enables redundantly providing a plurality of (two or more) second management information.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical disk capable of storing first management information including a recording method for the entire disk, and a recording management area that is not rewritable by a user, a data area accessible by a user, and a data area that is accessible by the user. Having a replacement area that can provide an alternative block to the defective block that can exist in the, the recording management area is disposed at the innermost circumference and the outermost circumference of the optical disk, and in a part of the data area, Second management information including address information of each of the defective block and a replacement block replacing the defective block is stored. Therefore, according to the optical disk of the present invention, the second management information and the optical head accessing the same exist in the same or adjacent areas, so that the second management information is located at the innermost and outer circumferences. The moving distance of the optical head is shorter than that of the optical disk. User is secondary
Can access the management information for
The contents can be processed by software so as not to be changed.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical disk recording method, wherein a data area and a replacement area are disposed between the outermost and innermost circumferences of the optical disk, and are arranged on the innermost and outermost circumferences. Reading a first management area storing first management information including: a defective block and a replacement block that is disposed between the innermost circumference and the outermost circumference and substitutes for the defective block. Reading out a second management area storing second management information including information of the address of the optical disk; and storing predetermined data in the data area and the spare area of the optical disk based on the second management area. Writing step. The recording method according to the present invention proposes a new start-up process for reading out the second management area arranged between the innermost and outer circumferences at the time of start-up before recording in the data area and the replacement area.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the optical disk recording method, a data area and a spare area accessible by a user are provided between the outermost circumference and the innermost circumference, and the entirety of the disk is provided at the innermost circumference and the outermost circumference. A step of recording predetermined data in the data area of the optical disc having a first management area storing first management information including a recording method; and a step of: Recording the predetermined data in a replacement block of a replacement area; and arranging the information of the addresses of the defective block and the replacement block as the second management information between the innermost circumference and the outermost circumference. Recording in the set second management area. According to the recording method of the present invention, at the time of replacement, the second management information is recorded in the second management area between the innermost and outermost circumferences.

In a recording method according to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the recording method according to the seventh aspect, the step of recording in the second management area includes a step of setting a different disk rotation speed from that of recording in the first management information. use. Therefore, according to the claims,
The change in disk rotation speed required at the time of replacement is smaller than that of the conventional optical disk.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the recording method according to the seventh aspect, the step of recording in the second management area uses a clock frequency different from that of the recording in the first management area. I do. Therefore, according to the present invention, the frequency change required at the time of clock replacement is reduced as compared with the conventional optical disk. The present invention enables application to an optical disk using the CAV method or the ZCAV method.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the recording method according to the eighth aspect, the step of recording in the second management area includes the same disk rotation as recording in the data area where the defective block exists. Take advantage of speed. According to the recording method of the present invention, for example, when the data area and the spare area corresponding to the second management area are in the same band, it is not necessary to change the disk rotation speed required at the time of the spare.

According to a eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the optical disc recording method, the first management unit disposed on the innermost periphery and the outermost periphery of the optical disc having a data area and a spare area between the outermost circumference and the innermost circumference. Reading a region, wherein the first
The first management information includes first management information including a recording method for the entire disk, and second management information including information on addresses of the defective block and a replacement block that replaces the defective block. Recording predetermined data in the data area of the optical disk based on the second management area; and, when a defective block exists in the data area, storing the predetermined data in a replacement block of a replacement area of the optical disk. Recording the data, and recording the second management information on the defective block and the replacement block in a second management area disposed between the innermost circumference and the outermost circumference; The second data written in the second management area before the recording operation of the optical disk is completed after the predetermined data is written in the data area and the spare area. Copy management information to the first management area and a step of updating the second management information in the first management area. According to the recording method of the present invention, at the time of start-up before recording in the data area and the replacement area, the first management area arranged between the innermost and outermost areas is accessed for reading. The second management information is recorded in the second management area.

The optical disk according to the twelfth aspect is the first aspect.
The optical disc according to claim 1, wherein the recording management area, the spare area, and the data area are arranged in the order of the data area, the spare area, and the recording management area. Include in between. In the optical disk according to the present invention, when a defective block occurs, the moving direction of the optical head for performing the substitution process from the data area to the replacement area is the same as the moving direction of the optical head for updating the recording management area.

The optical disk according to claim 13 is the optical disk according to claim 2
In the optical disc as described above, the second management information further includes information on inspection, security, a replacement method, and / or an attribute of the data area. For example, the second management information includes the presence / absence of a surface inspection (certify), the type of the surface inspection, the presence / absence of a security flag that allows only a specific user to access, a history (the number of times of initialization performed by the user), an attribute ( One or more pieces of information including a rewritable type and a write-once type) can be included.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical disk, comprising: a recording management area capable of storing management information and being rewritable by a user;
An optical disc having a data area accessible to a user and a spare area capable of providing a substitute spare block for a defective block that may exist in the data area, wherein the recording management area is provided at three positions on the optical disc. The management information can store different contents of the management information according to the location where the data management area is located, and the data area and the corresponding spare area are arranged adjacent to each other. There is more than one between the regions. The optical disc according to the present invention enables the defective block existing in the data area and the replacement block in the replacement area to be arranged close to each other.

A recording method according to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention is the recording method according to the seventh or eleventh aspect, wherein the second management information further includes information on inspection, security, a replacement method, and / or an attribute of the data area. . For example, the second management information includes the presence / absence of a surface inspection (certify), the type of the surface inspection, the presence / absence of a security flag that allows only a specific user to access, a history (the number of times of initialization performed by the user), an attribute ( One or more pieces of information including a rewritable type and a write-once type) can be included.

[0027] Further objects or other features of the present invention will become apparent in preferred embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an optical disc 100 according to the present invention will be described.
Will be described with reference to FIG. Here, FIG. 1 is a plan view of a part of the optical disc 100 from the innermost circumference to the outermost circumference. In FIG. 1, the horizontal direction is the direction in which blocks called sectors are aligned, and the vertical direction is the track direction. The optical disc 100 of the present invention is a next generation MO, ASMO, MD-DA having a new format.
It is suitable for rewritable optical disks such as TA, DVD-RAM and PD.

As shown in FIG. 1, the optical disk 1 of the present invention
00 is the management area 10a located at the innermost circumference and the management area 10a at the outermost circumference.
Is located between the management area 10b located at
A plurality of bands (bands 1 to N) 50₁To 50_n(After
Below, unless otherwise noted, it is summarized by "Band 50". )
Have. Each band has a management area 20₁To 20_n(Hereafter, special
Unless otherwise noted, the information is summarized in the “management area 20”. ) And de
Data area 30₁Thirty to thirty _n(Hereinafter, unless otherwise noted, "de
Data area 30 ". ) And the replacement area 40 ₁To 4
0_n(Hereinafter, unless otherwise noted, they are summarized in the “replacement area 40”.
You. ).

In FIG. 1, the management areas 10a and 10a
b (hereinafter collectively referred to as “management area 10” unless otherwise specified) may be a lead-in area or a lead-out area. It is assumed that the read-in area starts reading at 100. In each band, the management area 20, the data area 30, and the replacement area 40 are arranged in order from the inner circumference to the outer circumference, but the order is exemplary. For example, an optical disc 1 described later with reference to FIG.
00a, the data area 30, the replacement area 40, and the management area 20 may be arranged in this order. Alternatively, FIG.
As shown in an optical disc 100b described later with reference to FIG. 3, the data area _{321-1 to} 32n _-4 (hereinafter, unless otherwise specified, are collectively referred to as the "data area 32") and the replacement area 4
A plurality of sets including 2 _{1-1 to} 42 _n-4 (hereinafter, collectively referred to as “replacement areas 42” unless otherwise specified) may be arranged between adjacent management areas 20. Further alternatively, these structures may be mixed for each band.

Each management area 10 includes a recording method of the entire disc, information of each area (band number, band position, management area 2).
0, the data area 30, the replacement area 40, etc.), and the same management information including the disk security information. That is, the management area 10 stores at least management information on the entire disk. By redundantly storing the same management contents, the management area 10 improves the reliability of the management information. Also, management information may be recorded in the same management area 10 in a multiplex manner. As a result, if each management area 10 stores management information twice, the same management information will exist at four locations on the optical disc 100. Optionally, as will be described later, the management areas 10a and 10b may further store management information including replacement information (that is, address information of defective blocks and replacement blocks). However, the management areas 10a and 10b are areas where the user cannot rewrite.

In the present embodiment, the optical disc 100 employs the CLV system exemplarily, and the rotation speed is constant within each band 50, but the rotation speed between different bands 50 is different. Since the CLV method is well known in the art, a detailed description is omitted here. Each band 50 includes a data area 30 and a spare area 40 accessible to the user. The user of the optical disc 100 is
The desired data (eg, software programs, documents, music, images, movies, surveillance data, etc.) can be recorded in any manner known in the art.

The replacement area 40 is an area for providing a replacement block for replacing a defective block (sector) when the data area has a defective block (sector). Therefore, if there is no defective block, the replacement block information is not stored.

Normally, if a defective block is found in the data area 30 at the time of the initial inspection performed before the manufacturer ships the product, no data has been stored in the data area 30 yet, so the next block after the defective block is found. Blocks can be addressed instead of defective blocks, and this replacement information is stored in the management area 10. The initial inspection is also called a surface inspection (certify), and a data error is detected by trial writing data on the surface of the optical disc 100 and then reading the data. More specifically, there are various types of surface inspections, including, for example, a case where data is trial-written on the entire surface of the optical disk 100 and a case where data is trial-written on the surface at predetermined intervals. In addition, the surface inspection (and also in SDL described later)
00 is assumed to include a defective block, and the number of bytes to be registered as a defective block can be arbitrarily set. For example, a 3-byte error is regarded as no error. Therefore, this replacement method does not involve the replacement area 40. This replacement method is based on PDL (Pr
It is generally known as an "immediate Defect List".

On the other hand, if a defective block occurs in the data area 30 while the user is using the optical disc 100, the replacement area 40 provides a replacement block. This replacement method is based on SDL (Secondary Defect Lis
It is commonly known as t). In the present embodiment, the management area 20 described below stores management information composed of SDL. However, the management area 20 may optionally further store PDL.

In the present embodiment, the management area 20 is an area that cannot be rewritten by the user. However, in an alternative embodiment, management area 20 is formed as part of data area 30. However, if the user freely changes the contents, the recorded replacement information is changed, and the information recorded in the data area 30 and the replacement area 40 is substantially lost. Preferably, appropriate software processing is performed so that the contents can be viewed but cannot be changed. The management area 20
The defective block address of the data area 30 and the replacement block address of the replacement area 40 in the same band 50 are stored as management information. In an alternative embodiment, one or more management areas 20 are provided between the innermost and outermost circumferences of the disk.

For an optical disk such as a conventional MO,
The management area 20 is a part of the management area 10 and is provided at two locations, that is, the innermost management area and the outermost management area of the optical disc. As described later, the optical head is located in the data area 3.
When a defective block is generated and a replacement block is allocated while desired data is recorded in 0, the optical head writes replacement information to the management area 20 at the time of replacement. However, in the conventional optical disk, the optical head has to move to the innermost and outermost management areas, so that it takes a long time to move.

Optionally, the management area 20 can store the data area 3
0 other management information can be stored. In this embodiment, the management areas 10a to 10b store replacement information (that is, address information of defective blocks and replacement blocks).
Is not stored, or all management areas 10
This is particularly effective when the reliability is improved in preparation for a case where reading becomes impossible due to rust or the like. Other management information includes the presence or absence of surface inspection, the method of surface inspection adopted (setting conditions such as type and number of bytes of allowable defect block, etc.),
The security information (for example, the presence or absence of a security flag that allows only a specific user to access), the replacement method (for example, disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 1999-165925 filed on June 11, 1999 by the present applicant). History information (for example, when the user
And the like, and the attributes of the data area 30 (such as a flag for setting a write-once type and a rewritable type). As a result, it is possible to perform replacement management, security management, record management, and the like that are different for each band.

On the other hand, according to the optical disc 100 of the present invention, in any of the embodiments, the management area 20 is disposed between the innermost and outer circumferences, so that the distance between the optical head and the management area 20 is shorter than before. Also, the travel time is shorter than before. Further, in this embodiment, the access time is further reduced because the optical head only needs to access one management area 20 and does not need to be moved to two locations as in the related art. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the management area 20 is provided in the same band as the corresponding data area 30 and replacement area 40, so that a motor (not shown) does not need to change the disk rotation speed. On the other hand, in the conventional optical disc, when the optical head writes the replacement information in the innermost and outermost management areas, the motor needs to change the disc rotation speed, and the change takes time and power. As a result, the optical disc 100 of the present embodiment saves power of the motor and further shortens the writing time by the optical head.

In an optical disk 100a shown in FIG. 7 (hereinafter collectively referred to as "optical disk 100" unless otherwise specified), bands 51 _{1 to} 51 _n arranged in the order of data area 30, replacement area 40 and management area 20 are arranged. (Hereinafter, unless otherwise noted, they are collectively referred to as “band 51”).
Here, FIG. 7 is a partial plan view of a modified example of the optical disk shown in FIG. In the structure of the band 51, when a defective block occurs, the moving direction of the optical head for performing the replacement process from the data area 30 to the replacement area 40 is the same as the moving direction of the optical head for updating the recording management area. Therefore, in the optical disc 100a, the moving distance of the optical head is further reduced, and the writing time is further reduced.

The optical disk 100b shown in FIG. 8 (hereinafter collectively referred to as "optical disk 100" unless otherwise specified) corresponds to the data area 32 (hereinafter referred to as "data area 30" unless otherwise specified). Of replacement areas 42 (hereinafter referred to as “replacement areas 40” unless otherwise specified) (each set includes a data area _321-1 and a replacement area 4).
It is displayed by the same subscript such as 2 _1-1. ) Are plural in each band 52 _{1 to} 52 _n (four in FIG. 8).
Are located. Here, FIG. 8 is a partial plan view of a modification of the optical disk shown in FIG. In the structure of such a band 52, the distance between the data area 32 and the replacement area 42 is closer as a whole than the distance between the data area 30 and the replacement area 40 shown in FIG. Therefore, when a defective block occurs, the optical disk 100b further shortens the moving distance of the optical head and further shortens the writing time.

When a defective block exists in the first few bytes of the data area 30 shown in FIG. 1, the moving distance of the optical head moving to the replacement block is relatively long, and high-speed processing is performed as in movie image data. Not suitable for the data you need. On the other hand, the optical disc 100b shown in FIG.
As described above, as a premise that a defective block occurs on the optical disc 100b, the spare area 42 is always allocated after the data area 32 of a predetermined number of bytes, and the speed of the data area replacement process is increased. I have.

In this embodiment, the data area 3
The replacement area 42 corresponding to 2 is divided but arranged in the same band 52. If the term “band” is understood as a divided area, it appears that the data area 32 and the corresponding replacement area 42 belong to different bands. Further, for example, the data area 32 _{1- 1}
The set of the replacement area _{421-1 and} the set of the data area _321-2 and the replacement area _421-2 also appear to belong to different bands. However, actually, the data area _321-1 and the replacement area _421-1
Is in the same band, set of data area 32 _1-1 and replacement area 42 _1-1 sets a data area 32 _1-2 and replacement area 42 _1-2 are within the same band. In other words, in FIG. 8, the divided area in each band 52 does not indicate a band indicating a physical division of the recording area. If a band indicating a physical division of a recording area is called a physical band, a divided area in each band 52 in FIG. 8 is a logical band. The physical bands (the band 52 in FIG. 8) have features such as different numbers of blocks in the circumferential direction and / or different recording frequencies. Since the logical bands are configured in units of several MBs, having replacement information for each logical band results in poor use efficiency of the optical disc 100b. On the other hand, the replacement management by the management area 10 on the inner and outer circumferences causes a delay in the replacement process. Therefore,
In the present embodiment, one management area 20 is provided for a plurality of logical bands.

Optical discs 100, 100a and 100b
Can be properly used depending on the type of data stored in the data area 30. For example, photographic image data is on the optical disc 100, music data is on the optical disc 100a,
The movie image data is stored on the optical disc 100b, for example.

Hereinafter, a method for recording desired data on the optical disc 100 of FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary recording method of the present embodiment. FIG. 3 shows FIG.
6 is a flowchart showing details of a start-up step shown in FIG. The exemplary recording method shown in FIG. 2 includes a start-up processing step 1100 and a writing processing step 1200. In an alternative embodiment described below, the recording method of the present invention may further include a copy processing step 1300.

Start-up processing step 1100 shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, step 1102 for reading out the management area 10 and management area 2 for each band 50 (note that “band 50” means “band 51”).
Reading 0. The start-up process is a pre-process of the recording process, which is automatically performed only once in principle, regardless of the data to be recorded by the user, when the optical disc 100 is inserted into a disc drive (not shown).

Step 1102 is a step of reading the management area 10a and / or the management area 10b. Therefore, an optical head (not shown) of a disk drive (not shown) accesses the management area 10a and / or the management area 10b. If one of the management areas cannot be read because the disk is eroded by rust or the like, the other management area is always accessed. However, if either one can be read, the other reading may be omitted. Further alternatively, when each management area records management information in a multiplex manner, reading of redundant information when the management information is recognized may be omitted.

The read management information is stored in, for example, a memory (not shown) of a disk drive (not shown).
AM etc.). Optionally, the read management information is also stored in a memory (for example, RAM) of a personal computer or the like connected to the disk drive. If necessary, a security check (collation of an ID or a password) may be performed based on the management information. As a result of step 1102, a disk drive (not shown) recognizes how to control the optical disk 100. By reading the management area 10, the disk drive can determine the type of the optical disk (100, 100a and 1).
00b).

Next, in step 1104, each band 50
Is read out. Therefore, the optical head accesses and reads all management areas 20 based on the address of the management area 20 included in the management information read from the management area 10. Each management area 2
In order to read 0, it is necessary to change the disk rotation speed by a motor (not shown). As a result, for example, the memory (not shown)
As shown in (1), a replacement information table for specifying addresses of a defective block as a replacement source and a replacement block as a replacement destination is formed. When the management area 20 includes the additional management information together with the replacement address information as described above, it goes without saying that these other management information are stored in the memory in the disk drive.

Thereafter, the write processing of step 1200 is performed. The writing process is a process in which the user records desired data in the spare area 40 complementarily to the data area 30. As shown in more detail in FIG. 5, in the write processing step 1200 shown in FIG. 2, first, the user writes data in the data area 30 (step 1202). Next, if no defective block is found in the data area 30 in step 1204, it is determined whether all data has been written (step 12).
06) If all the data has been written, the process ends. If not, the writing operation is continued.

On the other hand, if a defective block is found in step 1204, the defective block is assigned to a replacement block in the replacement area 40 (step 1208). In principle, replacement blocks are assigned in order of addresses, but for security or other reasons, replacement blocks of desired addresses can be assigned to defective blocks. If it is determined in step 1210 that the writing to the replacement block has been completed normally, the address information of the defective block and the replacement block is written as management information in the management area 20, thereby updating the previous management information (step 1212). In the optical disc 100a shown in FIG. 7, the direction in which the optical head moves from the data area 30 to the replacement area 40 in step 1208 and the
At the time of 212, the optical head moves from the replacement area 40 to the management area 20.
Since the moving direction is the same, the writing time by the optical head is further reduced.

Next, data is similarly recorded from the sector having the address next to the defective block in the data area 30. However, if it is determined in step 1210 that writing to the replacement block does not end normally, the replacement block is also a defective block, so the next replacement block is allocated in step 1208. This subroutine continues until a normal (defective) replacement block is found. In this case, the replacement source sector written in the management area 20 is not a defective replacement block but a defective block in the data area 30.

In step 1212, since the optical head can access and update the management area 20 in a short time, even if the desired data to be written by the user is music or a movie, the optical head succeeds without stopping or stopping the recording. Can be recorded continuously. Also, step 1212 includes:
No need to change disk rotation speed.

Next, a modification of the recording method shown in FIG. 2 will be described with reference to FIG. The recording method shown in FIG.
It has a start-up processing step 1150, a write processing step 1200, and a copy processing step 1300. In this embodiment, the management area 10 also stores management information of the management area 20. Therefore, in the start-up processing step 1150, it is sufficient to simply read the management area 10.
That is, since it is not necessary to execute step 1104 shown in FIG. 3, the start-up time can be reduced. Further, by recording the management information stored in the management information 20 in the management area 10 in a multiplex manner, the reliability of the management information stored in the management information 20 can be improved. Write processing 120
0 is the same as the writing process shown in FIG.

In the copy processing step 1300, the management information updated in each management area 20 is automatically written in the management area 10 after the recording operation is completed. Thus, the management area 10 substantially stores the replacement information table shown in FIG.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the invention. For example, optical disk 1
00 may use the CAV method or the ZCAV method, in which case the clock frequency is changed instead of the disk rotation speed.

[0057]

The optical disk according to the first aspect provides a new format that replaces the conventional format.
The optical disk according to the present invention allows the management information to be divided and arranged into a plurality of information contents so as not to lose the management information and to facilitate predetermined processing, so that the reliability of the management information is maintained. While improving the convenience of processing.
For example, by arranging the management area so as to shorten the moving time of the head in the recording process and the replacement process, music and image data can be successfully recorded without any information leakage. In addition, by arranging the management area so as to promote a reduction in the number of times the disk rotation speed or the clock frequency is changed in the recording process or the replacement process, it is possible to save labor associated with the change. As described above, the exemplary application of the present invention includes a case where the management information of at least two of the three or more recording management areas is different, but prevents the three or more recording management areas from being all the same. It is not the purpose.
Even if the management information of the recording management areas at all locations is the same, the optical disc according to the present invention having three or more recording management areas has higher reliability than the conventional optical disc.

According to the optical disk of the second aspect, which is dependent on the first aspect, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, both the second management information and the optical head for accessing it are located between the innermost and outermost circumferences of the disk. Therefore, the moving distance of the optical head is reduced as compared with the conventional optical disc in which the second management information is arranged at the innermost and outermost circumferences. Thereby, music and image data can be successfully recorded without any information leakage.

According to the optical disk of the third aspect, which is dependent on the second aspect, in addition to the effect of the second aspect, the second management area and the optical head accessing the second management area are usually located in the same band. The moving distance of the optical head is further reduced as compared with the case of 2. Thereby, music and image data can be more reliably and successfully recorded without any information leakage.

According to the optical disk of the fourth aspect, which is dependent on the second aspect, it is possible to redundantly provide a plurality of second management information on the disk. Further, since the total number of recording management areas is three or more, the second management information can be stored in three or more places. Since the second management information is recorded in a multiplex manner as described above, it is possible to provide an optical disc in which the reliability of the second management information is improved.

According to the optical disk of the fifth aspect, the second
Since the management information and the optical head accessing the same exist in the same or adjacent areas, the moving distance of the optical head is shortened as compared with the conventional optical disc in which the second management information is arranged at the innermost and outermost circumferences. . Thereby, music and image data can be successfully recorded without any information leakage.

The optical disk recording method according to claim 6 proposes a new start-up process for reading out the second management area arranged between the innermost and outer circumferences at the time of start-up before recording in the data area and the spare area. I have. According to the recording method of the present invention, the first and second management areas must be accessed at the time of startup, but the access time required for the replacement process is shorter than before. Therefore, the recording method according to the present invention shortens the replacement processing time as the number of replacement blocks increases, as compared with the conventional recording method in which the innermost and outer circumferences of the disk must be accessed for each replacement.

According to the optical disk recording method of the present invention, at the time of replacement, the second management information is recorded in the second management area between the innermost and outermost circumferences. Since both the second management information and the optical head for accessing it are located between the innermost and outermost circumferences of the disk, the moving distance of the optical head is smaller than that of a conventional optical disk in which the second management information is located at the innermost and outermost circumferences. Is shortened.
Thus, music and image data can be successfully recorded in the data area and the replacement area without any information leakage.

According to the recording method of the eighth aspect, in addition to the effect of the seventh aspect, the change in the disk rotation speed required at the time of replacement is smaller than that of the conventional optical disk. Therefore, the recording method according to the present invention can save electric power of the disk rotation motor more than before.

According to the recording method of the ninth aspect, in addition to the effect of the seventh aspect, the frequency change required at the time of clock replacement is reduced as compared with the conventional optical disk. Therefore, the recording method of the present invention can shorten the frequency change time as compared with the conventional method. The present invention enables application to an optical disk using the CAV method or the ZCAV method.

According to the recording method of the tenth aspect, it is not necessary to change the disk rotation speed required at the time of replacement, so that it is possible to achieve further labor saving as compared with the eighth aspect.

According to the optical disk recording method of the present invention, when the optical disk is started, the first management area located between the innermost and outermost circumferences is accessed for reading, and at the time of replacement, the first management area between the innermost and outermost circumferences is accessed. The second management information is recorded in the second management area. According to the present invention, since the time required for accessing the second management area of the optical head at the time of replacement is shortened while maintaining substantially the same time as the conventional start-up time, music and image data can be successfully transmitted without information leakage. Can be recorded. Further, the second management information is redundantly recorded at a plurality of locations, thereby improving reliability.

According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, when a defective block occurs, the moving direction of the optical head for performing the replacement process from the data area to the replacement area is the same as the moving direction of the optical head for updating the recording management area. In this case, the moving distance of the optical head is short and the writing time can be shortened.

According to the optical disk of the thirteenth aspect, the second management information includes management information other than the replacement address information. This is convenient when reliability is improved in preparation for a case where reading becomes impossible due to the above. Also,
It is possible to perform different replacement management, security management, record management, and the like for each band.

In the optical disk according to the present invention, since the distance between the defective block existing in the data area and the replacement block in the replacement area can be arranged close to each other, the time required for the replacement processing can be reduced. Can be planned.

According to the optical disk of the fifteenth aspect, the second management information includes management information other than the replacement address information. This is convenient when reliability is improved in preparation for a case where reading becomes impossible due to the above. Also,
It is possible to perform different replacement management, security management, record management, and the like for each band.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial plan view of an optical disc according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary recording method according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing details of a start-up process shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an example of a replacement information table formed as a result of the processing shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing details of a writing process shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a modification of the recording method shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a partial plan view of a modification of the optical disc shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a partial plan view of a modification of the optical disc shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Optical disk 10a Management area 10b Management area 201 _{1 to n} management area 30 _{1 to n} data area 32 _{1 to n} data area 40 _{1 to n} replacement area 42 _{1 to n} replacement area 50 _{1 to n} band 51 _{1 to n} band 52 ₁ To _n bands

Claims (15)

[Claims] The present invention provides an alternative replacement block for a recording management area that can store management information and cannot be rewritten by a user, a data area that can be accessed by a user, and a defective block that can exist in the data area. An optical disc having a spare area that can be stored, wherein the recording management area is present at three or more locations on the optical disc, and can store different contents of the management information according to the location where the recording management area is located. 2. The management information recorded in the recording management area includes: first management information including a recording method of the entire disc; and second management information including respective address information of the defective block and the replacement block. Wherein the recording management area is arranged at the innermost circumference and the outermost circumference of the optical disc, respectively, and a first management area storing the first management information; and the innermost circumference of the optical disc. 2. The optical disc according to claim 1, further comprising a second management area provided between the first management information and the outermost circumference and storing the second management information. 3. The optical disc according to claim 2, wherein the optical disc has a plurality of bands each having a data area and a replacement area, and the second management area is provided in a band of a corresponding data area. 4. The optical disk according to claim 2, wherein the first management area can further store the second management information. 5. A recording management area which can store first management information including a recording method of the entire disk and is not rewritable by a user, a data area accessible by a user, and a defective block which may exist in the data area. An optical disc having a spare area capable of providing an alternative block to the optical disc, wherein the recording management area is disposed at an innermost circumference and an outermost circumference of the optical disc, and a part of the data area includes the defective block. And an optical disc storing second management information including information on respective addresses of replacement blocks replacing the defective block. 6. An optical disk having a data area and a replacement area between an outermost circumference and an innermost circumference, the first management information being disposed on the innermost circumference and the outermost circumference and including a recording method of the entire disk. A step of reading the stored first management area; and a second step which is arranged between the innermost periphery and the outermost periphery and includes information on respective addresses of the defective block and a replacement block replacing the defective block. Reading out a second management area storing management information of the optical disk; and writing predetermined data in the data area and the spare area of the optical disk based on the second management area. Recording method. 7. A first management having a data area and a spare area accessible by a user between an outermost circumference and an innermost circumference, and the innermost circumference and the outermost circumference including a recording method of the entire disk. Recording predetermined data in the data area of the optical disc having the first management area storing information; and, when a defective block exists in the data area, setting the predetermined data in a replacement block of a replacement area of the optical disc. Recording the data of the defective block and the replacement block as second management information in a second management area disposed between the innermost circumference and the outermost circumference. Recording the optical disk. 8. The recording method according to claim 7, wherein said step of recording in said second management area uses a different disk rotation speed from that of recording in said first management information. 9. The recording method according to claim 7, wherein the step of recording in the second management area uses a clock frequency different from that of recording in the first management area. 10. The recording method according to claim 8, wherein the step of recording in the second management area uses the same disk rotation speed as recording in the data area where the defective block exists. 11. A step of reading a first management area disposed on the innermost circumference and the outermost circumference of an optical disc having a data area and a replacement area between an outermost circumference and an innermost circumference, The first management area stores first management information including a recording method of the entire disk, and second management information including information of addresses of the defective block and a replacement block replacing the defective block. And recording predetermined data in the data area of the optical disk based on the second management area; and when a defective block exists in the data area, a replacement block of a replacement area of the optical disk. Recording the predetermined data; and the second step relating to the defective block and the replacement block.
Recording the management information in a second management area disposed between the innermost circumference and the outermost circumference; and recording the optical disc after writing the predetermined data in the data area and the replacement area. Before the operation is completed, the second management information written in the second management area is copied to the first management area to update the second management information in the first management area. And a recording method for the optical disc. 12. The recording management area, the replacement area, and the data area are arranged in the order of the data area, the replacement area, and the recording management area. 2. The optical disk according to claim 1, wherein the optical disk is included between the optical disks. 13. The optical disc according to claim 2, wherein the second management information further includes information on inspection, security, a replacement method, and / or an attribute of the data area. 14. A recording management area which can store management information and cannot be rewritten by a user, a data area which can be accessed by a user, and an alternative replacement block for a defective block which may exist in the data area. An optical disc having a spare area that can be stored in the optical disc, wherein the recording management area is present at three or more locations on the optical disc, and can store different contents of the management information according to the location where the recording management area is located. An optical disc in which a plurality of portions for arranging the replacement area adjacent to each other exist between two recording management areas. 15. The recording method according to claim 7, wherein the second management information further includes information on inspection, security, a replacement method, and / or an attribute of the data area.