JP2001228406A - Depression and elevation angle varying device for microscope - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a depression and elevation angle varying lens barrel which is made inexpensive in structure without upsizing of the device, eliminates the possibility of missing depending upon the forms of use and is unable in systems exclusive of an afocal optical system as there is no change in lens barrel lengths. SOLUTION: When the angles (depression and elevation angle) at which a first lens barrel member 21 and a second lens barrel member 22 intersect are minimized, stopper parts 35 and 36 disposed at the first lens barrel member 21 and stopper parts 37 and 38 disposed at the second lens barrel member 22 butt against a holding member 25 of an optical axis deflecting optical member 24 to fix the angle of the optical axis deflecting optical member 24. The second lens barrel member 22 attains the angle at which the optical axis deflecting optical member 24 deflects the optical axis of the incident light on the first lens barrel member 21 and introduces this light to the second lens barrel member 22.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a device for varying the elevation angle of a microscope.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 5-341201, Japanese Utility Model Publication No.
No. 3293 and German Utility Model Publication 724499
There is an operating microscope as known in US Pat. This surgical microscope is provided with a rotatable binocular unit in a tilting housing provided at a position where the observation light beam can be taken out from the microscope main body,
Further, the tilting housing is provided with a fixed mirror, a movable mirror and a prism, and a link mechanism for transmitting the movement of the tilting housing to the movable mirror is provided, thereby constituting an eyepiece tube with a variable elevation angle.

[0003]

Problems to be Solved by the Invention
No. 1, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-32993 and German Utility Model Publication No. 7244996, the above-mentioned surgical microscope includes a complicated optical and mechanical configuration, so that the apparatus becomes large and expensive. It will be.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to reduce the size of the apparatus, reduce the cost, and provide no unit to be removed. There is no danger. Another object of the present invention is to provide a microscope with a variable elevation angle lens barrel that can be used in other than the afocal optical system because there is no change in the lens barrel length.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided a first lens barrel having a first optical path, a second lens barrel having a second optical path, and a second lens barrel with respect to the first optical path. In order to change the elevation angle, which is the angle at which the two optical paths intersect, the first
A rotating shaft provided on the lens barrel member for supporting the second lens barrel member; an optical axis turning member for guiding light on the first optical path onto the second optical path; And a holding member rotatable about the rotation axis, the holding member being rotatable about the rotation axis, wherein the stopper for positioning the holding member at a maximum position and a minimum position of the elevation angle is provided. It is characterized in that it is provided on the first lens barrel member and on the second lens barrel member.

Further, according to the present invention, the stopper is preferably arranged such that the stopper has a rotation angle of 1 with respect to the rotation angle of the first barrel member and the second barrel member.
It is characterized in that the holding member is positioned so as to make a half rotation.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [First Embodiment] FIGS. 1 to 7
An operation stereo microscope according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

(Structure) FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing the entire operation stereo microscope. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a microscope main body, and the microscope main body 1 is supported by an arm 2 of a support base so as to be movable in a three-dimensional space.

The microscope body 1 has a common single objective lens 5
A lens unit 7 in which a pair of right and left zoom optical systems 6 are incorporated, and a lens barrel unit 9 in which a pair of left and right optical paths 8 are incorporated.
And a pair of left and right eyepiece tube sections 10 provided in the lens barrel section 9 (see FIG. 2). Each eyepiece tube 10 is provided with an eyepiece 11.

The lens barrel 9 is provided with a variable elevation angle mechanism 12 for changing the inclination angle of the optical axis of the eyepiece tube 10. The configuration of the elevation angle varying mechanism 12 will be described later in detail.

As shown in FIG. 2, the lens barrel 9 is attached to the lens body 7 such that the lens barrel 9 can be rotated by 180 ° about the rotation shaft 13. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view along an optical path on one side of the stereomicroscope. The optical path can be changed by a polyprism 14 provided in the mirror unit 7. The rotation axis 13 of the lens barrel 9 is aligned with the center line of the lens body 7.
It is inclined at 22 ° 30 'to L. The optical axis of each eyepiece tube section 10 is also inclined by 22 ° 30 ′ with respect to the rotation axis 13. Thus, when the rotational position of the lens barrel 9 is switched, the positions at which the elevation angles, which are the angles of the optical axes of the eyepiece barrels 10 that form the center of the lens barrel 7, are 45 ° and 90 ° are set as both ends.
The position of the eye point 16 can be changed.

In this embodiment, the elevation angle of the eyepiece tube 10 can be changed also by the elevation angle variable mechanism 12 as described below. That is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the eyepiece tube part 10 is divided into a first lens barrel member 21 and a second lens barrel member 22, and the first lens barrel member 2 located on the lower side is
1 is located on the upper side via the rotating shaft 23 provided on
The lens barrel member 22 is rotatably engaged with and connected to the first lens barrel member 21.

A holding member 25 for holding the optical axis turning optical member 24 is supported on the rotating shaft 23. First
The lens barrel member 21, the second lens barrel member 22, and the holding member 25 are coaxially mounted on the same rotation shaft 23. The optical axis turning optical member 24 here is constituted by a mirror.

The intersection O between the first optical path 31 in the first lens barrel member 21 and the first optical path 32 in the second lens barrel member 22 is on the reflection surface 26 of the optical axis turning optical member 24 held by the holding member 25. And at the same time coincides with the rotation center of the rotating shaft 23. The center of the rotation axis 23 is a first optical path 31 and a second optical path 32
And the reflection surface 26 of the optical axis turning optical member 24
Are arranged as a plane including the center of the rotation shaft 23.

Further, the light beam guided through the first optical path 31 in the first lens barrel member 21 is controlled by the stopper restricting means described later, regardless of the rotation angle of the first lens barrel member 21 and the second lens barrel member 22. Reflecting surface 26 of deflection optical member 24
And the position of the optical axis turning optical member 24 is regulated so that the light is reflected by the first optical path 31 and enters the first optical path 31 in the second lens barrel member 22.

The stopper restricting means is configured as follows. That is, the first lens barrel member 2 pivotally supported by the rotation shaft 23
The first end and the end of the second lens barrel member 22 are notched except for left and right wall portions 33 and 34 that are supported by the rotating shaft 23. The rotating shaft 23 penetrates and is attached to the wall portions 33 and 34 in which the first lens barrel member 21 and the second lens barrel member 22 are overlapped with each other so as to be rotatable (see FIG. 4).

The left and right wall portions 33 on the first barrel member 21 side are provided with stopper portions 35 and 36 to which the left and right end portions of the holding member 25 for holding the optical axis turning optical member 24 respectively contact. The stopper portions 35 and 36 are disposed on opposite sides with the rotation shaft 23 positioned therebetween.

The left and right wall portions 34 on the side of the second lens barrel member 22 are provided with stopper portions 37 and 38 to which the right and left ends of the holding member 25 for holding the optical axis turning optical member 24 respectively contact. Further, the stopper portions 37 and 3 of the second barrel member 22 are provided.
8 is similarly arranged on the opposite side with the rotating shaft 23 positioned therebetween.

Since the left and right ends of the holding member 25 coincide with the reflecting surface 26 of the optical axis changing optical member 24, the stopper 3
5, 36, 37 and 38 are also arranged on a plane passing through the rotation axis 23, respectively. The angles of the stoppers 35 and 36 formed on the first lens barrel member 21 around the rotation axis 23 are less than 180 degrees, and the stoppers 37 and 38 of the second lens barrel member 22 The angle about the rotation axis 23 is also less than 180 degrees. For this reason, the holding member 25
The first lens barrel member 21 and the second lens barrel member 22 are rotatable until the stopper portions 35, 36, 37, and 38 hit.
Here, the angle formed by the surfaces of the stopper portions 35 and 36 and the angle formed by the surfaces of the stopper portions 37 and 38 are set to the same value.

Therefore, as shown in FIG.
When the angle (hereinafter referred to as “elevation angle”) formed between the first lens barrel 32 and the second optical path 32 is minimized, the stopper (S1) 35 provided on the first lens barrel member 21 and the stopper part (S1) 35 provided on the second lens barrel member 22 are provided. The stopper portion (S2) 38 abuts on the holding member 25 holding the optical axis turning optical member 24, and the first lens barrel member 21 and the second lens barrel member 32 are positioned and fixed by the optical axis turning optical member 24. . At this time, the stopper (S1) 35 and the stopper (S2) 38 are located at positions satisfying the following formula. Here, OC is a line perpendicular to the reflection surface of the optical axis turning optical member 24. ∠AOC = ∠AOB / 2 Also, as shown in FIG. 6, when the elevation angle α is maximized,
Stopper portion (L1) 3 provided on first lens barrel member 21
6 and a stopper (L) provided on the second lens barrel member 22.
2) 37 hits the holding member 25 holding the optical axis turning optical member 24, and the first
The lens barrel member 21 and the second lens barrel member 22 are positioned and fixed. At this time, the stopper (L1) 36 and the stopper (L
2) 37 is also arranged at a position that satisfies the following equation: ∠AOC = ∠AOB / 2.

Further, when the elevation angle α is maximum or minimum, the locking mechanism for positioning is provided by a click mechanism 40 or a magnet as shown at D in FIG. 4 so that the elevation angle does not change below a certain external force. May be added.

The click mechanism 40 is connected to the first lens barrel member 21.
And a locking ball 41 provided on one of the second lens barrel members 22;
The two locking holes 4 provided in the other member and locked by the locking balls 41 when the elevation angle α is maximum or minimum.
2 are provided, and the locking ball 41 is urged by an urging spring 43 in a direction to be locked in the locking hole 42. The strength of the biasing spring 43 can be adjusted by the adjusting screw 44.

(Operation) With the above configuration, the first and second elevation angles α are set at two positions, ie, when the elevation angle α is maximized and when the elevation angle α is minimized.
Light that has entered the optical path 31 of the lens barrel member 21 is reflected by the optical axis turning optical member 24 and guided to the optical path 32 of the second lens barrel member 22.

(Effect) With the configuration of the elevation angle variable mechanism 12, it is possible to provide a device that does not increase in size and is not expensive. Further, there is no confusing storage of the parts when the unit is not used. In addition, the lens barrel length does not change, and it can be used for other than an afocal optical system.

It is to be noted that in the elevation angle varying mechanism 12,
Stoppers (S1, S2, L1, L2) 35, 36, 3
When high precision is required for positioning with the optical axis turning optical member 24, the stoppers 39 and 38 may be configured so that the stopper abutment position can be adjusted by a stopper screw 39 or the like, as shown in FIG. .

[Second Embodiment] A surgical stereo microscope according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

(Structure) FIG. 8 shows the elevation angle varying mechanism of the present embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given to the same structures as those of the above-described first embodiment, and the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The first lens barrel member 21 and the second lens barrel member 22 are locked at an intermediate position of the range of elevation so as to have a structure similar to that of the structure shown at D in FIG. Is provided.

An arm 45 is formed on the holding member 25, and a pin 46 is provided at the tip of the arm 45. The other pin 4 is located at an arbitrary position on the first lens barrel member 21.
7 are provided. The pins 46 and 47 are connected by a tension member 48 such as a coil spring.

The position of the pin 46 is set such that the perpendicular OC of the optical axis turning surface (mirror surface) of the optical axis turning optical member 24 is 1/2 of the angle AOB formed by the first optical path 31 and the second optical path 32. When the angle is equal to the angle, the angle is on a straight line connecting the center of the pin 47 and the rotating shaft 23 and between the pin 47 and the rotating shaft 23.

(Operation) With the above configuration, the pins 47, the pins 46, and the rotating shaft 23 are arranged in a straight line at the middle position of the elevation range locked by the locking mechanism of the elevation angle, that is, ∠AOC = ∠AOB / Equation 2 holds.

In this position, since the pulling member 48 is the shortest, the holding member 25 is stably positioned at that position. Thereby, the first lens barrel member 2
The light that has entered the first optical path 31 is reflected by the optical axis turning optical member 24 and guided to the optical path 32 of the second lens barrel member 22.

As shown in FIG. 9, when the elevation angle α is minimized, the holding member 25 is pressed against the stopper (S2) 38 by the pulling member 48 and positioned.
As shown in FIG. 10, the same applies to the case where the elevation angle α is maximized.

The arm 45 may be formed integrally with the holding member 25, or may be formed so as to be fixed later for adjustment.

Further, the holding member 25 may be subjected to external vibration or the like.
In the case where is fluctuated, a locking mechanism may be provided between the holding member 25 and the first lens barrel member 21 or the second lens barrel member 22 to lock and position and hold.

In the present embodiment, the pulling member 48 is provided on the first lens barrel member 21 side.
A configuration in which the pulling members are provided on the two sides may be used, and the same effect can be obtained as long as the positional relationship of each part is the same.

Further, in the present embodiment, the tension member is used, but the same effect can be obtained even if a compression spring or the like is used as long as the direction of force application and the positional relationship of the force points are the same.

(Effect) With the configuration of the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a variable elevation angle lens barrel in which three elevation angles can be set.

[Third Embodiment] A surgical stereo microscope according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

(Configuration) FIG. 11 shows a lens barrel 60 in the surgical microscope according to the present embodiment. Since the lens barrel 60 has a left-right symmetric configuration, the description will be made on one optical path. An imaging lens 62, a mirror 63 and an image rotator 64 are arranged on the first lens barrel member 61. In this embodiment, the image rotator 64 forms an optical axis turning optical member.

The image rotator 64 includes the holding member 6
5 is held. The holding member 65 is rotatable about an optical axis 66 and is held by the first lens barrel member 61.

A second lens barrel member 70 is attached to the first lens barrel member 61 so as to be rotatable about the optical axis 66, and the second lens barrel member 70 has a prism 71 and a prism 7.
2. Eyepieces 73 are sequentially arranged.

The holding member 65 is provided with a pin 76, and the second lens barrel member 70 is provided with two pins 77 (see FIG. 12). Two pins 77 on the second barrel member 70 side
Is configured as a stopper against which the pin 76 of the holding member 65 contacts.

Then, as shown in FIG. 12, the second lens barrel member 70 is 90
It can be rotated by °. When the second barrel member 70 is at the intermediate position (the position indicated by the solid line), the two pins 77 are positioned at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the pin 76, respectively.

(Operation) When the second lens barrel member 70 is rotated by 90 degrees with respect to the first lens barrel member 61 (each position indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 12), the pin 77 pushes the pin 76, The holding member 65 and the image rotator 64 rotate by 45 °. That is, the image rotator 64 performs half rotation of the rotation of the second lens barrel member 62. As a result, the rotation of the optical image incident on the lens barrel 60 is corrected, and the observation can be performed by the eyepiece 73. Also, when the second lens barrel member 70 is rotated 90 ° to the opposite side, the observation can be similarly performed by the eyepiece lens 73.

(Effect) According to the configuration of this embodiment, a wide range of elevation angles can be set with a simple mechanism.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. According to the above description, each item listed in the following supplementary notes and those obtained by arbitrarily combining those items can be obtained.

[Appendix 1] A first lens barrel member having a first optical path and a second optical path having a variable angle of elevation by rotating about a rotation axis provided on the first lens barrel member. A second lens barrel member, an optical axis redirecting optical member that redirects light incident on the first lens barrel and guides the light to the second lens barrel, and the optical axis redirecting optics. A holding member for holding a member and rotatable about the rotation axis, wherein the rotation axis is at an intersection of the first optical path and the second optical path, and the optical axis of the optical axis turning optical member is changed. The microscope is characterized in that the surface is a plane including a rotation axis, and the first lens barrel member and the second lens barrel member have the holding member positioning stoppers at maximum and minimum elevation angles, respectively. Elevation angle variable lens barrel.

[Supplementary Note 2] The holding member positioning stopper may be configured such that an angle of a perpendicular of an optical axis changing surface of the optical axis changing optical member with respect to an angle formed by the first optical path and the second optical path is 光. 3. The variable elevation angle barrel of the microscope according to claim 1, wherein the holding member is positioned at an angle coinciding with the angle.

[Supplementary Note 3] The first barrel member and the second barrel member
At any position of the elevation angle with respect to the lens barrel member,
A pulling member that has a locking mechanism between the lens barrel member and the second lens barrel member and connects the first lens barrel member and the holding member; Wherein the other end is fixed between the rotation shaft on the holding member and a position where one end of the pulling member on the first barrel is fixed. A lens barrel with a variable elevation angle of the microscope according to Item 1 and Appendix 2.

No. 4-3293 and No. 7244
The surgical microscope known in the '996 patent adds an eccentric unit, which increases the size of the device and hence the cost. Further, when the declination unit is not used, the declination unit is detached, so that the declination unit may be lost. In addition, it cannot be used for any purpose other than the afocal optical system due to a change in the lens barrel length due to insertion of the deflection unit. Further, there is a drawback that only two kinds of elevation angles can be changed. However, according to the items in the additional items, they can be solved.

[0052]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is not necessary to add a declination unit, the apparatus is not enlarged, the structure is inexpensive, and there is no unit to be removed. Since there is no risk of loss, and there is no change in the lens barrel length, a variable elevation angle lens barrel of a microscope that can be used other than the afocal optical system can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing an entire surgical microscope according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view of a configuration of a lens barrel in the surgical microscope.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a mechanism for changing the elevation angle of the surgical microscope, with the optical axis as a center.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along a line AOB in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a state where the elevation angle is minimized in the elevation angle variable mechanism of the surgical microscope.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a state where the elevation angle is maximized in the elevation angle variable mechanism of the surgical microscope.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an example in which a stopper screw for adjusting a stopper abutting position is provided in the elevation angle varying mechanism.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a mechanism for changing the elevation angle of the surgical microscope according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a state when the elevation angle is minimized in the elevation angle variable mechanism of the surgical microscope.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of a state when the elevation angle is maximized in the elevation angle variable mechanism of the surgical microscope.

FIG. 11 is a front view of a lens barrel in a surgical microscope according to a third embodiment.

12 is a sectional view of the lens barrel taken along the line CC in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... microscope body, 5 ... objective lens, 6 ... variable power optical system,
7 mirror unit, 8 optical path, 9 lens barrel unit, 10 eyepiece tube unit, 11 eyepiece lens, 12 elevation variable angle mechanism, 13
Rotation axis, 21 first barrel member, 22 second barrel member, 2
Reference numeral 3 denotes a rotation axis, 24 denotes an optical axis turning optical member, 25 denotes a holding member, 26 denotes a reflection surface, 31 denotes a first optical path, and 32 denotes a second optical path.
35, 36, 37, 38: stopper portion, O: intersection.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Masaru Murakami 2-43-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Inside Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tsutomu Kobayashi 2-43-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. (72) Minoru Inoue 2-43-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Olimpus Optical Co., Ltd. (72) Takeharu Higuchi 2-43-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2H052 AA13 AB15 AB19 AD29

Claims (2)

[Claims] A first lens barrel having a first optical path, a second lens barrel having a second optical path, and an elevation angle which is an angle at which the second optical path intersects the first optical path. A rotation axis provided on the first lens barrel member to change the optical axis, and a rotation axis for guiding the light on the first optical path onto the second optical path. And a holding member that holds the optical axis changing member and is rotatable about the rotation axis, wherein the holding member is positioned at a maximum position and a minimum position of the elevation angle. An elevation angle varying device for a microscope, wherein stoppers for positioning the lens are provided on the first lens barrel member and the second lens barrel member. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said stopper positions said holding member so as to make a half turn with respect to a rotation angle of said first lens barrel member and said second lens barrel member.
A device for changing the elevation angle of the microscope according to the above.