JP2001226677A - Carbonizing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carbonizing apparatus enabling the uniform carbonization of an object to be carbonized such as wood scraps and garbage. SOLUTION: Plural troughs 60 are arranged in a cylindrical refractory furnace 10 in plural stages along the direction of the vertical axis of the furnace. A rotary shaft 80 is vertically passed through the centers of the plural troughs 60 in rotatable state. The rotary shaft 80 is provided with plural rotary blades to be rotated in each of the plural troughs 60. An object 20 to be carbonized is rotated and transferred around the rotary shaft 80 at the inner bottom part of each trough 60 by the rotary blades rotating in the trough 60 with the rotary shaft 80. The object to be carbonized 20 is burned and carbonized by the air in the refractory furnace 10 heated by a heating means 110. A slit is opened on the bottom of each of the plural troughs 60. The carbonizing object 20 in the upper-stage trough 60 is dropped through the slit into the lower-stage trough 60.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of compacting wood chips discharged from a sawmill, a wooden building dismantling site, garbage discharged from homes, RDF (waste plastics, wood chips, etc.) into chips. And a carbonization device for carbonizing a material to be carbonized such as sludge.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 4, a conventional general carbonizing apparatus continuously conveys a material to be carbonized 20 through a tubular horizontal refractory furnace 10 such as a screw furnace or a rotary kiln furnace. The inside of the furnace 10 is heated indirectly from the outside of the furnace 10 by a heating means 30 such as a gas burner.
According to this carbonization device, the material 20 to be carbonized, such as wood chips,
The refractory furnace 10 can be fed into one end of the furnace 10 through a carry-in port 12 provided at one end thereof. Next, the material to be carbonized 20 can be continuously conveyed from one end to the other end of the furnace 10 by the rotating screw blades 40 provided in the furnace 10 in the axial direction. In that case, the to-be-carried material 20 conveyed in the furnace 10 can be continuously heated by the heating means 30 provided outside the furnace 10. And the to-be-carbonized material 20 continuously conveyed in the furnace 10 can be carbonized into a black shape to be a carbide 50. Then, the carbide 50 is transferred to the refractory furnace 1
Through the outlet 14 provided at the other end of the furnace 1
0 Can be carried out.

[0003]

However, the above carbonization apparatus indirectly heats the material to be carbonized 20 continuously conveyed in the tubular horizontal refractory furnace 10 from outside the furnace 10 by the heating means 30. Because of the carbonization method, it has been extremely difficult to control the heating temperature in the furnace 10 by the heating means 30 in order to completely and completely carbonize the material to be carbonized 20 into a black carbide 50. for that reason,
In many cases, the material 2 to be continuously transported in the furnace 10
0, the temperature of the heating target 30 becomes too low, and the carbonized material 20 is in a semi-living state without being completely carbonized, or conversely, the heating target 30 of the carbonized material 20 continuously transported in the furnace 10. The heating temperature was too high, and the material 20 to be continuously conveyed in the furnace 10 was ignited and turned into ash instead of the carbide 50. Further, the above-described carbonization device is provided with a material 20 to be continuously transported in the refractory furnace 10.
Is heated indirectly from the outside of the furnace 10 by the heating means 30, so that the fuel cost for preheating the inside of the refractory furnace 10 by the heating means 30 to an optimum temperature for carbonizing the material to be carbonized 20 increases. , The running cost has become very high.

The present invention can solve such a problem.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a carbonization device for carbonizing objects to be carbonized, such as wood chips, garbage, RDF, and sludge.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a carbonizing apparatus according to the present invention comprises a plurality of tubs for storing carbonized material in an axial direction in a cylindrical vertical refractory furnace. The rotating shaft is vertically and continuously rotatably penetrated through a through-hole opened in the center of the plurality of tubs, with the upper end opening portion being arranged upward and downward with a plurality of stages arranged vertically. A plurality of rotating blades for rotating in each of the plurality of tubs, wherein the rotating blades for rotating the carbonized material accommodated in the tub at the bottom inside the tub around the rotating shaft are rotatable together with the rotating shaft. At the bottom of each of the plurality of tubs, a slit for dropping the carbonized material contained in the upper tub into the lower tub is provided at the bottom of each of the plurality of tubs. Are opened so as to be shifted from each other so that they do not overlap vertically, Driving means for rotating the rotating shaft is connected to the refractory furnace, heating means for heating the inside of the furnace, blowing means for feeding outside air to the heating means, and smoke generated from the heating means discharged to the outside of the refractory furnace. Discharging means, carrying-in means for feeding the material to be carbonized from the outside of the refractory furnace into the uppermost tub, and carrying-out means for sending the carbide discharged from the slit at the bottom of the lowermost tub to the outside of the refractory furnace. It is characterized by becoming.

[0006] In this carbonization apparatus, the heating means can preheat the inside of the refractory furnace to an optimum temperature for carbonizing the material to be carbide carried into the furnace. In this case, the blowing means can continue to supply outside air containing sufficient oxygen to the heating means, so that the heating means can continue to burn properly. Further, the smoke generated from the heating means can be continuously discharged to the outside of the refractory furnace by the discharging means.

[0007] Then, in the uppermost tub in the refractory furnace heated by the heating means, the carbonized material from outside the refractory furnace,
It can be sent in by carrying-in means. At the same time, the rotating shaft can be continuously rotated by the driving means. The rotating blades that rotate together with the rotating shaft in the uppermost tub fitted to the rotating shaft cause the carbonized material fed into the uppermost tub to rotate around the rotating shaft at the bottom of the tub. be able to. Then, the moisture contained in the carbonized material that rotates and moves the bottom in the uppermost tub can be evaporated by the heated air in the refractory furnace, and the carbonized material can be dried.

Next, the dried carbonized material can be dropped into the lower tub through a slit opened in the bottom of the upper tub. Then, in the same manner as described above, the carbonized material can be rotationally moved around the rotation axis at the bottom of the tub by the rotating blades that rotate with the rotation shaft in the lower tub. Then, the dried material to be carbonized which rotates and moves the bottom of the lower tub can be self-combusted and carbonized by the heated air in the refractory furnace.

[0009] In the case where a tub is further provided below the lower tub, the material to be carbonized by self-combustion in the lower tub is slit in the bottom of the tub in the same manner as described above. , And can be further dropped into the lower tub. Then, the material to be carbonized can continue to be carbonized by self-combustion while being repeatedly rotated and moved around the rotation shaft at the bottom of the lower tub. And
The carbonized material that has reached the lowermost tub is self-burning while rotating around the rotation axis at the bottom of the lowermost tub,
It can be uniformly and reliably formed into carbide. In that case, since the slits at the bottom of the upper and lower tubs are shifted from each other so as not to overlap vertically, the slits at the bottom of each of the plurality of tubs pass through the slits in the uppermost tub. It is possible to prevent the carbonized material from passing through the middle tub and dropping directly into the lowermost tub.

[0010] Thereafter, the completely carbonized carbide in the lowermost tub can be sent out of the refractory furnace by the carrying-out means through a slit opened in the bottom of the lowermost tub.

[0011] In addition, this carbonization apparatus is a system in which the inside of the refractory furnace is directly heated by a heating means to self-burn the carbonized material carried into the tub in the refractory furnace. It is possible to easily and accurately keep the temperature of the material to be carbonized carried into the furnace at an optimum temperature for carbonizing. In addition, since the inside of the refractory furnace is directly heated by the heating means, the entire inside of the refractory furnace can be heated to a constant temperature almost completely evenly. Then, the carbide to be transported into the refractory furnace, which is evenly heated to a certain temperature,
It can be evenly and uniformly carbonized. In addition, since the inside of the refractory furnace is directly heated by the heating means, the inside of the refractory furnace is heated by a heating means compared to a conventional carbonization apparatus in which the inside of the refractory furnace is heated indirectly from outside the refractory furnace by the heating means. This allows efficient heating without waste. Then, the inside of the refractory furnace can be raised in a short time to a temperature optimum for the carbonized material to be carbonized. And the fuel cost of the heating means for preheating the inside of the refractory furnace can be saved.

Further, in this carbonizing apparatus, the means for transporting the material to be carbonized in the refractory furnace is not a screw blade or the like having a complicated structure, but a plurality of tubs vertically around a rotating shaft having a plurality of rotating blades. Since it has a simple structure arranged in a plurality of stages, its manufacture is easy and its maintenance is also easy.

Further, since a vertical refractory furnace having a cylindrical shape is used in the carbonization apparatus, the installation space is reduced.
Compared with a conventional carbonization apparatus using a tubular horizontal refractory furnace, the size can be greatly reduced.

[0014] In the carbonizing device of the present invention, it is preferable that the driving means is provided with a speed change mechanism for adjusting a rotation speed of the rotary shaft.

In this carbonization device, the rotation speed of the rotating shaft rotated by the driving means can be increased or decreased by the transmission mechanism. Then, the moving speed of the carbide to be rotated by the rotating blades around the rotation axis of the bottom of each of the plurality of tubs arranged in a plurality of stages vertically in the refractory furnace,
It can be accelerated or retarded according to the progress of the dry or carbonized state of the carbonized material. Then, the transport speed of the carbide to be transported sequentially through the bottoms of the plurality of tubs arranged in a plurality of stages vertically in the refractory furnace is adjusted according to the type of the carbide and the moisture content of the carbide. Can be faster or slower. And the carbonized material can be completely and completely carbonized without waste.

[0016]

1 to 3 show a preferred embodiment of a carbonizing apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic structural explanatory view, FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view of a trough portion, and FIG. It is an enlarged front sectional view of the tub part. Hereinafter, this carbonization device will be described.

In this carbonization apparatus, a cylindrical vertical refractory furnace 10 is used. The outer wall of the refractory furnace 10 is formed of a steel plate having a thickness of 6 mm, and a heat insulating material such as a silker board or a refractory material is stretched inside the refractory furnace 10.
In the axial direction at the center in the refractory furnace 10, a plurality of (four in the figure) round tubs 60 for storing carbides are arranged vertically in four stages with their upper end openings 66 facing upward. Each of the plurality of tubs 60 is fixed to a side wall of the refractory furnace 10 via an arm 62. A through hole 70 is opened at the center of each of the plurality of tubs 60. A rotating shaft 80 is rotatably penetrated vertically continuously through a through hole 70 opened at the center of the plurality of tubs 60. On the rotating shaft 80,
A plurality of rotating blades 90 for rotating in each of the plurality of tubs 60, and the rotating blades 90 for rotating the carbonized material accommodated in the tub 60 around the rotating shaft 80 at the bottom of the tub 60, together with the rotating shaft 80. They are rotatably arranged vertically.
The rotating blade 90 is, as shown in FIGS.
Around the zero, eight horizontal rectangular plates 92 are radially implanted obliquely rearwardly at an angle of 30 degrees toward the rotation direction of the rotary blade 90.

As shown in FIG. 2, a slit 64 for dropping the carbonized material contained in the upper tub 60 into the lower tub 60 is provided at the bottom of each of the plurality of tubs 60. The slit 64 in the bottom of the tub 60 is opened so as to be shifted from each other so as not to overlap with the slit (indicated by a broken line in the figure) 64 in the bottom of the lower tub 60. Drive means 100 such as an electric motor for rotating the rotation shaft is connected to the rotation shaft 80. The driving means 100 is mounted outside the ceiling wall of the refractory furnace 10.

A gas burner 1 is provided on the lower side wall of the refractory furnace 10.
12 is provided with its tip protruding into the refractory furnace 10. Inside the lower part of the refractory furnace 10, a reflecting plate 114 is provided obliquely upward in the refractory furnace 10. Then, heat released from the gas burner 112 into the refractory furnace 10 is transmitted to the reflector 11 provided inside the lower part of the refractory furnace 10.
4 is configured so that it can be diffused evenly throughout the refractory furnace 10. This gas burner 112
The reflector 114 constitutes a heating means 110 for heating the inside of the refractory furnace 10. On the side wall at the lower part of the refractory furnace 10, there is provided a blowing means 120 including an electric fan 122 for sending outside air to a gas burner 112 of the heating means 110. And it is comprised so that the outside air containing oxygen can be continuously sent to the heating means 112 sufficiently. The gas burner 11 of the heating means 110 is provided on the upper side wall of the refractory furnace 10.
Chimney 13 which discharges smoke generated from furnace 2 to the outside of refractory furnace 10
Discharge means 130 composed of 2 or the like is provided.

A hopper 142 for feeding the material to be carbonized 20 into the uppermost tub 60 from the outside of the refractory furnace 10 extends between the uppermost tub 60 arranged vertically in the refractory furnace 10 and the outside of the refractory furnace 10. And the like. Between the lowermost tub 60 vertically arranged in the refractory furnace 10 and the outside of the refractory furnace 10, the carbide 50 discharged from the slit 64 at the bottom of the lowermost tub 60.
Is provided with a cylindrical chute 152 and the like for sending out to the outside of the refractory furnace 10.

The carbonization apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is configured as described above. Next, an example in which the carbonized device 20 such as wood chips is carbonized using the carbonizing device will be described.
The heating means 110 allows the inside of the refractory furnace 10 to be heated to a temperature of 500 ° C., which is an optimum temperature for carbonizing the material 20 carried into the furnace.
It is preheated to 800 ° C. At this time, the blowing means 120 separates the outside air containing sufficient oxygen from the heating means 1.
10, the heating means 110 is kept burning properly. At the same time, the smoke generated from the heating means 110 is continuously discharged to the outside of the refractory furnace 10 by the discharge means 130.

Next, the material to be carbonized 20 is sent from the outside of the refractory furnace 10 into the uppermost tub 60 in the refractory furnace 10 heated by the heating means 110 by the loading means 140. At the same time, the rotating shaft 80 is continuously rotated by the driving means 100. And the rotation axis 80
By the rotating blades 90 rotating together with the rotary shaft 80 in the uppermost tub 60 fitted to the tub 60, the material 20 to be fed into the uppermost tub 60 is rotated around the bottom of the tub 60 around the rotary shaft 80. It is moving. And the uppermost tub 60
The water contained in the carbonized material 20 that rotates and moves the inner bottom is evaporated by the air heated by the heating means 110 in the refractory furnace 10 to dry the carbonized material 20.

Next, the dried carbonized material 20 is
Through a slit 64 opened at the bottom of the uppermost tub 60, it is dropped into the lower tub 60 below it. Then, in the same manner as described above, the carbonized material 20 is rotatably moved around the rotation shaft 80 by the rotating blades 90 rotating together with the rotation shaft 80 in the lower tub 60. Then, the dried carbonized material 20 that rotates and moves the inner bottom of the tub 60 is self-burned and carbonized by the air in the refractory furnace 10 heated by the heating means 110.

If, as shown in FIG. 1, a tub 60 is further provided below the lower tub 60, it is self-combusted and carbonized in the lower tub 60 in the same manner as described above. The to-be-carbonized material 20 is further dropped into the lower tub 60 through the slit 64 at the bottom of the lower tub 60. Then, the material to be carbonized 20 is continuously carbonized by self-combustion while being repeatedly rotated and moved around the rotation shaft 80 at the bottom of the lower tub 60. And
The carbonized material 20 that has reached the lowermost tub 60 is self-combusted while rotating around the rotation shaft 80 at the bottom of the lowermost tub 60, thereby forming the carbide 50 completely and evenly. At this time, the slits 64 at the inner bottoms of the upper and lower tubs 60 are opened so as to be shifted from each other so as not to overlap vertically, and the slits 6 at the inner bottoms of the plurality of tubs 60 are opened.
Through 4, the carbonized material 20 in the uppermost tub 60 is prevented from passing through the middle tub 60 and directly falling into the lowermost tub 60.

Thereafter, the completely carbonized carbonized material 50 in the lowermost tub 60 is sent out of the refractory furnace 10 by the carrying-out means 150 through a slit 64 opened in the bottom of the lowermost tub 60. ing. And the carbide | carbonized_material 50 obtained by carbonizing the to-be-carbonized | carbonized material 20 like wood chips is obtained.

In this carbonization apparatus, the inside of the refractory furnace 10 is directly heated by the heating means 110 and the refractory furnace 10 is heated.
The temperature inside the furnace can be easily and accurately maintained at a temperature optimum for carbonization of the material to be carbonized 20 carried into the furnace. The heating furnace 10 is entirely heated by the heating means 1.
10 allows the heating to be continued directly to a constant temperature almost perfectly evenly. Then, the carbonized material 20 carried into the refractory furnace 10 uniformly heated to a constant temperature,
It can be evenly and uniformly carbonized. In addition, the time required to raise the temperature inside the refractory furnace 10 to an optimum temperature for the carbonized material 20 to be carbonized is short, and the fuel cost of the heating means 110 for preheating the inside of the refractory furnace 10 can be reduced. .

In this carbonization apparatus, the refractory furnace 1
The means for transporting the carbonized material 20 in the inside 0 has a simple structure in which a plurality of tubs 60 are arranged vertically in a plurality of stages around a rotating shaft 80 having a plurality of rotating blades 90, and its manufacture is easy. , And its maintenance is easy.

Further, in this carbonization apparatus, a vertical refractory furnace 10 having a cylindrical shape is used, and the installation space thereof can be greatly reduced.

In the carbonizing apparatus, it is preferable that the driving means 100 including an electric motor or the like be provided with a transmission mechanism 114 such as a transmission gear for adjusting the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 80.

In this case, the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 80 rotated by the driving means 100 can be increased or decreased by the transmission mechanism 114. The moving speed of the carbonized material 20 that is rotated around the rotation shaft 80 at the bottom of each of the plurality of tubs 60 arranged vertically in the refractory furnace 10 by the rotating blades 90 is determined by the drying of the carbonized material 20. It can be accelerated or retarded depending on the progress of the state or carbonization state. Then, the transport speed of the carbonized material 20 sequentially transported in the plurality of tubs 60 arranged in a plurality of stages vertically in the furnace 10 depends on the type of the carbonized material 20 and the moisture content of the carbonized material 20. You can speed it up or slow it down. And the to-be-carbonized material 20 can be completely and completely carbonized without waste.

When the carbonization apparatus 20 is used to carbonize the material 20 to be carbonized, such as wood chips, which requires only a short time to heat and carbonize, two to three tubs 60 are vertically arranged in the refractory furnace 10 in two stages. Alternatively, a structure having three stages may be used.
Conversely, when using this carbonization device to carbonize the garbage, sludge, etc., which takes a long time to heat and carbonize, five or more tubs 60 are placed vertically in the refractory furnace 10. It is good also as a structure which can be provided in five or more steps, and can transport carbonized materials 20 in the five or more tubs 60 in order over time, and can sufficiently carbonize the carbonized materials 20.

[0032]

As described above, according to the carbonization apparatus of the present invention, the heating temperature in the refractory furnace can be easily and accurately controlled. Then, in the carbonization furnace, the material to be carbonized can be uniformly carbonized without any excess or shortage. Further, the time required for preheating the inside of the refractory furnace to the optimum temperature for heating and carbonizing the material to be carbonized can be reduced, and the fuel cost for preheating the inside of the refractory furnace can be reduced. Further, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the maintenance is easy. In addition, since it has a vertical structure, its installation space can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural explanatory view of a carbonizing device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view of a tub part of the carbonizing device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged front sectional view of a tub part of the carbonizing device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural explanatory view of a conventional carbonizing device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Refractory furnace 20 Carbide 30 Heating means 40 Screw blade 50 Carbide 60 tub 70 Through hole 80 Rotating shaft 90 Rotating blade 100 Driving means 110 Heating means 114 Transmission mechanism 120 Blowing means 130 Discharging means 140 Loading means 150 Unloading means

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) C10B 49/06 C10B 49/06 53/02 53/02 F27B 1/02 F27B 1/02 1/18 1 / 18 1/20 1/20 1/21 1/21 F term (reference) 4D004 AA02 AA07 AA12 CA26 CB27 4D059 AA03 AA07 BB05 BB11 CB09 EB20 4H012 HA06 HB07 JA04 4K045 AA01 BA10 CA02 GA02 GB08 GC01 GD11 KA01

Claims (2)

[Claims] Claims: 1. An axial direction in a cylindrical vertical refractory furnace,
A plurality of tubs for storing carbonized materials are arranged in a plurality of stages vertically with their upper end openings facing upward, and a through-hole opened in the center of the plurality of tubs has a rotating shaft vertically continuous. A plurality of rotating blades, which are rotatably penetrated through the rotating shaft and rotate in each of the plurality of tubs, and rotate the carbonized material accommodated in the tub at the bottom inside the tub around the rotating shaft. Rotating blades are fitted vertically and rotatably together with the rotating shaft, and the bottom of each of the plurality of tubs has a slit for dropping the carbonized material stored in the upper tub into the lower tub, The slits at the bottom of the upper and lower tubs are opened so as to be shifted from each other so as not to overlap with each other vertically, drive means for rotating the rotation shaft are connected to the rotation shaft, and the refractory furnace is Heating means for heating the inside of the furnace and blowing air for blowing outside air to the heating means A step, discharge means for discharging smoke generated from the heating means to the outside of the refractory furnace, loading means for feeding the material to be carbonized from outside the refractory furnace into the uppermost tub, and a slit at the bottom of the lowermost tub. A carbonization apparatus, comprising: a discharge means for discharging the discharged carbide to the outside of the refractory furnace. 2. The carbonizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said driving means includes a transmission mechanism for adjusting a rotation speed of said rotary shaft.