JP2001207610A - Composite roof with solar batteries - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite roof with solar batteries, which can set inconspicuously, a drip member at a boundary between a roof equipped with the solar batteries and a roof roofed with clay tiles at a suitable drainage slope and along a roof slope. SOLUTION: The composite roof 1 with the solar batteries are constructed by forming the roof 1b equipped with the solar batteries on part of the roof 1a roofed with the clay tiles with eaves-side edges being aligned, and stretching the drip member 17 across a boundary between the roof 1a roofed with the clay tiles and the roof 1b equipped with the solar batteries, to thereby impart continuity to the boundary between oth the roofs 1a, 1b. In this composite roof, an arrangement pitch L of solar battery modules 6 is set so as to satisfy a first designing condition that a dimension X of a portion at which the drip member 17 is set is equal to or below an arrangement pitch of roof tiles 7, and a second designing condition that the drip member 17 stretched from a lower side of an end of the end-side roof tile 7 to an upper side of an end of an end-side solar battery module 6 has a lowest drain gradient θ2 toward an eaves side.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solar cell composite roof in which a part of a tiled roof is provided with a solar cell roof comprising a plurality of solar cell modules with the eaves side aligned.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Hitherto, as this kind of solar cell composite roof, for example, one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-317598 is known. In this solar cell composite roof, a plurality of solar cell modules are laid from the eave portion toward the ridge side in the gradient direction of the roof main body, and a plurality of roof tiles are laid from the ridge portion toward the eave side, and A draining member is provided between the most upstream end solar cell module and the most downstream end roof tile. In this case, the draining member extends from the lower end of the end roof tile to the upper end of the end solar cell module, and is inclined in the same direction as the roof tile, and includes a plurality of solar cell modules. The continuity can be provided between the solar cell roof and the tiled roof comprising a plurality of roof tiles.

[0003]

In such a conventional solar cell composite roof, since the roof main body is designed to fit a tiled roof, the size of the roof main body from the eaves to the ridge in the gradient direction is set to the roof tile. And the arrangement pitch of the roof tiles and the arrangement pitch of the solar cell modules are not considered in terms of product dimensions. For this reason, the gap dimension generated between the end solar cell module on the ridge side end and the end roof tile adjacent thereto is:
The number varies depending on the number of solar cell modules (the number of solar cells arranged in the gradient direction). In particular, if the gap is narrow, a problem occurs such that the draining member has an inverse gradient. In such a case, if the number of roof tiles is reduced by one (one horizontal row), the draining member can have an appropriate forward gradient. However, in this case, the draining member becomes wider than the roof tile and is too conspicuous. It is not desirable in roof design.

[0004] The present invention provides a solar cell composite roof in which a draining member provided at a boundary between a solar cell roof and a tiled roof can be installed in an appropriate drainage gradient and in a conspicuous manner in a roof gradient direction. The purpose is to do.

[0005]

According to the solar cell composite roof of the present invention, a solar cell roof composed of a plurality of solar cell modules is arranged on a part of a tiled roof such that the eaves are aligned, and the roof is inclined in the gradient direction of the roof. A solar cell composite in which a draining member is passed between the solar cell module at the end on the ridge side and the roof tile adjacent to the ridge side to provide continuity between the tiled roof and the solar cell roof A first design condition in which the installation portion dimension of the draining member in the gradient direction exceeds zero and is equal to or less than the arrangement pitch of the roof tiles, and an edge of the end solar cell module from an end lower side of the end roof tile. The arrangement pitch of the solar cell modules is set so that the draining member passed to the upper side satisfies the second design condition having a drainage gradient equal to or more than a predetermined angle which is minimized toward the eaves side. Features.

According to this configuration, since the arrangement pitch of the solar cell modules is set so as to satisfy the first design condition and the second design condition, continuity is provided between the tiled roof and the solar cell roof. The width of the installation portion in the gradient direction of the drainer arranged so as to be held is narrower than the arrangement pitch of the roof tiles, and can be made inconspicuous. Further, since the drainer has a drainage gradient that is equal to or greater than the minimum predetermined angle, rainwater can be smoothly guided from the tiled roof to the solar cell roof. In this case, since the arrangement pitch of the solar cell modules is changed instead of the arrangement pitch of the roof tiles, the solar cell roof can be installed without requiring a design change on the tiled roof side such as a change in the dimensions of the roof body. It can be installed nicely.

In this case, it is preferable that the minimum drainage gradient of the drainer is 5 °.

According to this configuration, the rainwater that has flowed down from the roof tile at the end can smoothly flow down from the draining member to the solar cell module at the end. In other words, the rainwater does not stay at the draining member, and the rainwater can be satisfactorily operated.

In these cases, it is preferable to further satisfy a third design condition in which the arrangement pitch of the solar cell modules has the same value in both the case of arranging three solar cells and the case of arranging four solar cells.

In consideration of the output of the solar cell roof for one dwelling unit and the dimension of the roof body in the direction between beams, usually, three (3 rows) or four (4 rows) solar cell modules are arranged in the gradient direction.
Columns) are mostly arranged. Therefore, as in this configuration, if the arrangement pitch of the solar cell modules is set to the same value regardless of whether the arrangement is three or four, three solar cell modules having the same length are used. In any of the arrangement and the four-sheet arrangement, the solar cell roof can be incorporated so as to satisfy the first and second design conditions, and the solar cell module can be generally used for most of the works.

In these cases, the solar cell module is composed of a solar cell panel and a panel frame for holding the solar cell panel in a watertight manner, and the arrangement pitch of the solar cell modules is adjusted by changing the dimensions of the solar cell panel. Is preferred.

According to this structure, the arrangement pitch of the solar cell modules can be changed without changing the connection structure of the solar cell modules adjacent in the gradient direction. That is, the arrangement pitch of the solar cell modules can be changed without changing the gap size between the solar cell modules, the joining structure including the seal structure, and the like.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A solar cell composite roof according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a partial plan view of a solar cell composite roof. As shown in FIG. 1, the solar cell composite roof 1 is configured by incorporating a solar cell roof 1b into a tiled roof 1a sharing a roof main body 2. . In this solar cell composite roof 1, the eaves-side end of the solar cell roof 1b is installed so as to be aligned with the eaves-side end of the tiled roof 1a, and the tiled roof 1a of the solar cell roof 1b is inverted "U" -shaped. (In the figure, only a substantially half portion is shown).

As shown in the cross-sectional views of FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, the roof body 2 located below the tiled roof 1a and the solar cell roof 1b has a plurality of rafters 3 and And a roofing base 5 made of asphalt roofing or the like. That is, a plurality of solar cell modules 6 constituting the solar cell roof 1b
Has a function as a roofing material similarly to the roof tile 7 of the tiled roof 1a.

The solar cell roof 1b supports a plurality of vertical members 9 arranged in parallel with each other in accordance with the position of the rafters 3 on the top surface of the roof main body 2, and supports both left and right (column direction) ends on each vertical member 9. And a plurality of solar cell modules 6 laid in a matrix.
Thus, it is fixed to the roof body (rafter 3) 2. In addition, each solar cell module 6 is configured by mounting a solar cell panel 14 in a watertight manner on a panel frame 11 having a pair of horizontal frames 12 and a pair of vertical frames 13 formed in a four-circle frame.

The solar cell roof 1b includes an eaves drain 16 provided on the eaves side (see FIG. 3), a ridge drainer 17 provided on the eaves side (see FIG. 4), and a pair of The wife side drainer 18 (see FIG. 2) finishes the four sides with rain, and has continuity with the tiled roof 1a.
On the eave side, the ventilation port member 1 is located below the eaves drainer 16.
A ventilation space 9 formed between the solar cell module 6 and the roof main body 2 can be appropriately ventilated.

The vertical member 9 includes a vertical member base 22, a vertical member main body 23 locked to the vertical member base 22, a vertical frame holder 24 for holding the vertical frame 13, and a vertical member for supporting the vertical frame holder 24. An attachment 25 is provided. The upright base 22 is fixed to the roof body 2, and the upright body 23 is
Attached to. Further, the vertical frame 13 of the adjacent left and right solar cell modules 6 and 6 is attached to the vertical member main body 23, and the vertical frame holder 2 is attached to one of the vertical frames 13.
A vertical member attachment 25 to which the fourth member 4 is attached is attached.

On the other hand, the horizontal frames 12a, 12b of the adjacent front and rear (inter-beam directions) solar cell modules 6, 6 are interposed between the lower horizontal frames 12b, which are located on the upper side in the gradient direction of the roof, via the inter-frame sealing members 26. The upper horizontal frame 12a located on the lower side is connected in a watertight manner, and is supported on the vertical member main body 23 in this state. In addition, the solar cell modules 6 and 6 adjacent in the gradient direction have a connection form in which the upper fin piece 27 of the lower horizontal frame 12b and the lower fin piece 28 of the upper horizontal frame 12a overlap. The actual length in the gradient direction is
The term “length of the solar cell module 6 in the gradient direction” used in the following description includes the effective length of the solar cell module 6, that is, the arrangement pitch. And

The solar cell panel 14 has no rectangular flat frame, in which solar cells are sandwiched and integrated between a glass substrate and a back cover, and has predetermined vertical and horizontal dimensions. Further, the solar cell panel 14 is connected to a pair of positive and negative cables via a terminal box protruding from the back surface side (not shown). A connector (not shown) is connected to the end of each cable, and all the solar cell modules 6 are connected in series by this connector.

Next, referring to FIG. 4, solar cell roof 1b
The following describes the rain-breaking structure of the ridge part. The ridge portion of the solar cell roof 1b is connected with a tiled roof 1a on the upper side in the gradient direction, and the ridge portion of the roof tile 7 located from the rear end of the solar cell roof 1b to the front end of the tiled roof 1a. A ridge-side drainer (drainer) 17 is provided so as to sink underneath. That is, the ridge-side drainer 17 is provided so as to pass from the upper rear end of the end solar cell module 6 to the lower front end of the end roof tile 7. Under the ridge-side drainer 17, a sleeper 31 is interposed between the roofing base 5 and the ridge-side drainer 17 is supported by the sleeper 31. The end of the ridge side drainer 17 on the solar cell roof 1b side is
2, and the end on the side of the tiled roof 1 a is fixed to a ridge-side base material 33 disposed below the roof tile 7.

The ridge-side drainer 17 extends rearward with a slight inclination from the drainage support member 32, rises at the ridge-side base material 33, and extends to the upper surface of the ridge-side base material 33. A waterproof sponge 34 is interposed between a portion of the ridgeside drainer 17 located on the upper surface of the ridge-side base material 33 and the lower surface of the roof tile 7. In this case, the inclination (drainage gradient) of the ridge side drainer 17 is slightly lower than horizontal, and the rainwater flowing down following the roof gradient flows further on the ridge side drainer 17 to the eaves side, and the solar cell It is smoothly guided to the roof surface of the roof 1b.

The solar cell composite roof 1 of such an embodiment
Then, in order to install the above-mentioned ridge side drainers 17 so as to be inconspicuous and to have a predetermined drainage gradient, and considering the relationship with the roof tiles 7 of the tiled roof 1a, the arrangement pitch of the solar cell modules 6 is considered. That is, the length of the solar cell module 6 in the gradient direction is set.

More specifically, as a first design condition,
In the gradient direction, the installation section size of the ridge side drainer 17 is set to exceed zero and to be equal to or less than the arrangement pitch of the roof tile 7. In short, the ridge side drainer 17 in the gradient direction
Is shorter than the length of the roof tile 7. In addition, as the second design condition, the installed ridge side drainer 1
7 is to have a minimum drainage gradient towards the eaves side. Further, a third design condition is that solar cell modules 6 having the same dimensions can be used when three solar cell modules 6 are arranged in the gradient direction and when four solar cell modules 6 are arranged in the gradient direction. That is, the arrangement pitch of the solar cell modules 6, that is, the length of the solar cell modules 6 in the gradient direction is set so as to satisfy all of the first to third design conditions.

Hereinafter, a method of setting the arrangement pitch of the solar cell modules 6 will be described using a calculation formula with reference to FIG. Here, X: length in the gradient direction of the ridge side drainer (effective length of the slope portion = installed portion dimension) Y: length of the roof tile in the gradient direction (effective length = arrangement pitch) Z: gradient of the solar cell module Length in the direction (effective length = arrangement pitch) n: Number of roof tiles in the gradient direction m: Number of solar cell modules in the gradient direction θ ₁ : Angle between the drainage on the ridge side and the roof surface θ ₂ : Drainage on the ridge side drainage slope theta _3: roof slope h _1: the top height of the ridge-side water draining h _2: the lower the height of the ridge-side draining. First, in order to satisfy the first design condition, the following relationship is established with the arrangement pitch of the roof tiles 7 being a general 280 mm.

(Equation 1) Here, since Y = 280n and Z = L · m,

(Equation 2) Next, to satisfy the second design condition, the following equation is satisfied. In this case, θ _{2 is set} to an angle of 5 ° or more. Note that h ₂
Since −h ₁ is fixed, θ ₁ changes with the value of X.

(Equation 3) In addition, since the slope of the general tiled roof 1a is about 4 to 10 dimensions, 21.8 ° ≦ θ ₃ −5 ° ≦ 45 °. Here, when X is obtained,

(Equation 4) Further, since X = YZ = 280n-Lm, L is

(Equation 5) Becomes From the above formulas and formulas, the possible range of L is:

(Equation 6) Becomes

Next, the pitch (effective length) L of the solar cell modules 6 is determined by substituting actual numerical values into the equation. It should be noted that the solar cell module 6
Other restrictions on the size of the must be considered. The first of the restrictions is that the solar cell module 6 has a limited area due to its strength and output, but the width (dimension in the row direction) is limited by the arrangement pitch of the vertical members 9 as described above. That is, it is fixed by the pitch of the rafters 3 and therefore the dimension L in the direction between beams is restricted. The second constraint is that the structure and strength of the solar cell module 6, particularly the glass strength of the solar cell module 6, must be considered in relation to the size. The third restriction is that it is necessary to consider the relationship between the size of the solar cell module 6 and the output.

According to the first constraint, the size L of the solar cell module 6 needs to be 905.5 mm or less in consideration of the rafters 3 arranged on the basis of the length module. Incidentally, since the solar cells are 125 mm square, the size of six solar cells arranged in one row is at least 125 mm × 6 + 60 mm + 30.5 mm = 840.5.
mm. If this number is set to seven, it becomes 965.5 mm, which exceeds the above 905.5 mm. Therefore, the width of the solar cell module 6 is 905.5 mm, and six solar cells are arranged in one row.

In the second restriction, the solar cell module 6
3.2 mm thick tempered glass, and this tempered glass
The length L of the solar cell module 6 is determined from the glass wind receiving surface area that can withstand 600 Pa. The glass receiving surface area: A is given by the following equation.

(Equation 7) Here, K: glass strength count = 120 F: breakage probability (1/1000) = 2.5 P: wind pressure resistance = 3600 Pat: glass thickness = 3.2 mm. As a result, the glass receiving surface area was 0.753 m ^2.
It is as follows. On the other hand, as described above, the solar cell module 6
Is 905.5 mm, and the length L of the solar cell module 6 in consideration of the frame size is L = 897 mm or less.

In the third constraint, when the number of solar cell modules 6 in series per 1 kW is set to 8 or 12 (set so that the output becomes 3 kW at the time of 3 parallels), the minimum length is calculated. Is 1205 mm
In two series, it is 830 mm. For this reason, 12 series must be used. In this way, taking into account the first to third restrictions, L is in the range of 830 mm ≦ L ≦ 897 mm.

Next, the length L of the solar cell module 6 will be determined by taking, as an example, the case where a general 1 kW solar power generation system is installed. In the case of 1 kW, 12 solar cell modules 6 (12 series) are required as described above. At this time, two layout methods of 3 rows × 4 rows and 4 rows × 3 rows are conceivable. From the results here, assuming that the length L of the solar cell module 6 is 850 mm,
In the case of three steps (m = 3), the number of corresponding roof tiles 7 is n = 10. In the case of four stages (m = 4),
The corresponding number of roof tiles 7 is n = 13.

Therefore, in the equation, m = 3 in the case of three stages.
And n = 10, and m = 4 and n = 13 as four stages. Note that h ₂ -h ₁ is a fixed value of 49 mm, θ ₃ is a 4-dimensional gradient, and the angle 21.
8 °. As a result, L is in the range of 840 mm ≦ L ≦ 879.2 mm in the three-stage arrangement, and 840 mm ≦ L ≦ 869.4 mm in the four-stage arrangement. Further, in order to satisfy the third design condition,
, Satisfies 840 mm ≦ L ≦ 869.4 mm. In this embodiment, the length L of the solar cell module 6 is finally set to 850 mm. By the way,
When L = 850 mm, θ ₂ = 10.7 ° and X = 250 mm in a three-stage arrangement, θ ₂ = 10.3 °, and X = 240 mm in a four-stage arrangement.

In the above calculation, the arrangement pitch of the roof tiles 7 is set to 280 mm, the gap between the solar cell modules 6 in the gradient direction is set to 0 mm, and the solar cell module 6 and the ridge-side drain 17 in the gradient direction are both set. (Effective length) is set to 0 mm. If these values are variables, the range that L can take is as follows. However, the arrangement pitch of the roof tiles is A, the gap between the solar cell modules is G, and the gap between the solar cell modules and the drain on the ridge side is g.

(Equation 8)

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the length (arrangement pitch) of the solar cell module 6 in the gradient direction
Is designed in advance using a calculation formula, so that the solar cell roof 1b using the solar cell module 6 as a roofing material and the tiled roof 1 using the roof tile 7 as a roofing material
The ridge drainer 17 disposed between the ridges 17a and 17a can be installed so as to have a relatively short width and a predetermined drain gradient. For this reason, even if it is a complex roof, the design of the entire roof can be made a good original,
It is possible to make the rain work better. This is particularly useful when the installation of the solar cell module 6 cannot be considered in the design stage or is not taken into consideration.

[0033]

As described above, according to the solar cell composite roof of the present invention, the drainer is narrower than the pitch of the roof tiles.
They can be arranged inconspicuously, and the design can be improved. In addition, the drainage member can be disposed at a drainage gradient that is equal to or greater than a predetermined minimum angle, and the rain breakability at the boundary between the tiled roof and the solar cell roof can be improved. Moreover, in the construction of the solar cell roof, the influence on the building skeleton side can be minimized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a substantially half portion of a solar cell composite roof according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of the wife side of the solar cell composite roof of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view on the eaves side of the solar cell composite roof of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a solar cell composite roof on the ridge side of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a solar cell composite roof showing dimensions of each part for a calculation formula.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 1 solar cell composite roof, 1a tiled roof, 1b solar cell roof, 2 roof body, 6 solar cell module, 7
Roof tiles, 9 vertical members, 11 panel frames, 14 solar panels, 17 building drainers

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A solar cell roof comprising a plurality of solar cell modules arranged on a part of a tiled roof with the eaves aligned, and an end solar cell module at a ridge side end in a gradient direction of the roof; A solar cell composite roof that passes a draining member between an end roof tile adjacent to the ridge side and has continuity between the tiled roof and the solar cell roof, wherein in the gradient direction, The first where the installation portion dimensions of the draining member exceed zero and are equal to or less than the arrangement pitch of the roof tiles
The design condition, and the drainage member passed from the lower end of the end roof tile to the upper end of the end solar cell module has a drainage gradient of a predetermined angle or more that is minimized toward the eaves side. A solar cell composite roof, wherein an arrangement pitch of the solar cell modules is set so as to satisfy a second design condition. 2. The solar cell composite roof according to claim 1, wherein the minimum drainage gradient of the drainer is an angle of 5 °. 3. A third design condition in which the arrangement pitch of the solar cell modules has the same value in each of the case where three solar cells are arranged and the case where four solar cells are arranged. 3. The solar cell composite roof according to 1 or 2. 4. The solar cell module includes a solar cell panel and a panel frame that holds the solar cell panel in a watertight manner. The arrangement pitch of the solar cell modules is adjusted by changing the size of the solar cell panel. The solar cell composite roof according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: