JP2001206805A - Defloration agent and method of defloration - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a defloration agent and a method of defloration which are free from the danger of decreasing the effect of an agrochemical or the like. SOLUTION: A defloration agent containing an organic acid salt as an active ingredient prevents fertilization by inhibiting the growth of pollen tubes, and as a result it exhibits defloration effect. Since an aqueous solution prepared by diluting the organic acid salt to 100-10,000 times exhibits the defloration effect, the necessary amount of use of the organic acid salt is extremely small. The organic acid salt being water soluble, it forms no coating film over barks or leaf faces by its spray, and thereby even in the case where an agrochemical or the like is sprayed after the spray of the defloration agent, the decrease of the effect of the agrochemical or the like due to the coating film of the defloration agent is not observed. Furthermore, it has no danger of giving ill effect on barks or leaves, or affecting ill effect on a human body, which is observed in a lime sulfur mixture.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention belongs to the technical field of a flower removing agent and a flower removing method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Fruit trees are classified into two types: self-compatible ones that produce seeds by pollination (self-pollination) of the same variety of pollen (self-pollination) and self-incompatible ones that do not produce fruit by self-pollination. In the case of self-compatibility, a large number of fruits are formed if left alone, so that the number of fruits is limited by flowering for the purpose of preventing excessive consumption of nutrients and promoting the development of fruits.

On the other hand, in self-incompatible fruit trees, for example, most varieties of pears (such as Hosui, Kosui, and the twentieth century), artificial pollination is performed in order to bring the fruit to fruition. Then, the flowers that were not pollinated fall without fruiting, so that when artificial pollination was performed, flower removal was not necessary.

[0004] However, the work of artificial pollination is not a light work, and the burden on fruit tree farmers is heavy. In particular, it was difficult for elderly farmers to perform artificial pollination work. For this reason, recently, pear varieties that are self-compatible and do not require artificial pollination (eg, Osagold and Akibae)
Cultivation of is growing. The fact that there is no need for artificial pollination means that flowering and fruiting are required, and flowering has been adopted in pear cultivation.

[0005] There is a method of picking flowers as a method of flower removal, but this method has not been widely used because early flower removal and labor saving are difficult. In terms of labor saving, the method of spraying a flower remover is excellent, and a lime sulfur mixture has been conventionally used as a flower remover. The lime-sulfur mixture exerts a flower-picking effect by preventing fertilization of flower buds by the sterilizing power of sulfur, and a diluting solution of about 100 times was sprayed with a sprayer or the like at the time of flowering.

[0006]

However, the lime-sulfur mixture is not water-soluble, and its dispersion in water is a suspension, which easily forms a coating on the bark and leaves. . Therefore, when pesticides are sprayed after spraying the lime sulfur mixture, the effect of the pesticides and the like may be reduced by the coating, for example, by spraying the pesticides for the purpose of protecting fruit set fruits and the like from bacteria and pests. In some cases, a sufficient effect was not obtained.

An object of the present invention is to provide a flower removing agent and a flower removing method which do not form a film on the surface to be sprayed and do not have the possibility of damaging the effects of pesticides and the like.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems The flower disinfectant according to claim 1 for solving the above problems contains an organic acid salt as an active ingredient. The flower remover according to claim 2, wherein the organic acid salt is any one of citric acid, gluconic acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, and propionic acid. Characterized by the following:

[0009] The flowering method according to a third aspect is characterized in that the flowering agent according to the first or second aspect is applied after the full bloom period. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the spraying method is characterized in that the spraying is performed a plurality of times.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION It is considered that an organic acid salt inhibits fertilization by inhibiting the growth of pollen tubes, and as a result, a flowering effect is exerted. An aqueous solution of an organic acid salt is sufficient for a flower remover containing an organic acid salt as an active ingredient, and the dilution ratio is preferably from 100 to 10,000 times, depending on the type of the organic acid salt. Therefore, it can be said that the use amount of the organic acid salt is very small.

Further, since the organic acid salt is water-soluble, it does not form a coating on the bark or the leaf surface by spraying. Therefore, even when the pesticide or the like is sprayed after the spraying, the effect of the pesticide or the like due to the coating is caused. Is not reduced. Generally, the pH value of the sap of fruit trees is about 4.5 and the fruit trees are sufficiently resistant to acidity up to about pH 4, so that, for example, bark and leaves are not likely to be damaged. In particular, since it is used at the dilution ratio as described above, there is practically no possibility that the organic acid salt will damage the bark or leaves. Also, if used at such a dilution ratio, it is safe even if it adheres to the human body.

However, the conventional lime-sulfur mixture is p
The strong basicity of H10.6 may adversely affect the bark and leaves, and may have an adverse effect on the human body. Therefore, protective measures are required and handling is troublesome.
The pH can be made near neutral by reducing the amount of quicklime contained in the lime-sulfur mixture, but originally lime is a component to prevent the harmful effects of sulfur (leaves burn to brown). Yes, when the amount of lime is reduced, the chemical damage of sulfur becomes remarkable.

There are no particular restrictions on the organic acid salts that can be used in the flower remover, but in view of safety, the use of salts of strong acids is not preferred. Thus, preference is given to salts of weak acids,
Since many organic acids are weak acids, their salts are preferable from the viewpoint of safety. In particular, citric acid, gluconic acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, and propionic acid described in claim 2 are organic acids which are approved for food addition. Acid salts are particularly safe.

In the flower removing method according to the third aspect, since the flower removing agent according to the first or second aspect is used, the effects described in the first or second aspect can be obtained. Another feature of this flowering method is that the flowering agent is applied after the full bloom period.

[0015] The fruit trees do not bloom all at once,
It is common to flower sequentially over several days to one week. Therefore, the flowers that are open during the full bloom period also vary in the elapsed time after flowering, for example, some flowers have been several days old and others have just opened. Also, generally, the fruits of flowers that bloom earlier tend to produce better fruits. Therefore,
In order to obtain good fruit, it is better to bring the flower that has bloomed earlier and to harvest the flower that blooms later.

For this reason, the invention is characterized in that the first flowering is waited for fertilization and the second flowering is before fertilization.
Alternatively, by spraying the flower-plucking agent described in 2, the flower that has bloomed earlier can be fruited, and fertilization of the flower that has bloomed later can be hindered to remove the flower, and good fruits can be obtained. Since the optimal time for such flower removal is almost the full bloom, good results can be obtained by spraying the flower remover of claim 1 or 2 during the full bloom.

Further, any flower that blooms after the full bloom period may be considered as an unnecessary flower (a flower to be harvested). Therefore, first, as described above, the flower bloom according to claim 1 or 2 is used during the full bloom period. By spraying and thereafter spraying the flower-plucking agent according to claim 1 or 2, the flower-plucking can be surely performed. That is, as described in claim 4, when the flower removing agent according to claim 1 or 2 is sprayed a plurality of times after the full bloom period, more excellent flower removal can be realized.

[0018]

Next, a specific example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described. (Example 1) Calcium citrate which is an organic acid salt was added to 10
The first spraying was carried out at the full bloom period of the self-compatible pear tree (2 to 3 days after the start of flowering), and the second spraying was performed 2 to 3 days later. went. As a result, 2 to 5 seeds were found on each branch, and many flowers that did not set were picked. In addition, no damage by calcium citrate was observed in the pear tree. (Example 2) Calcium citrate which is an organic acid salt was added to 10
The flowering agent was diluted by a factor of 00 to obtain a flowering agent, which was sprayed for the first time during the full bloom period of the peach tree (2 to 3 days after the start of flowering).
Two to three days after that, a second application was performed. As a result, two to three fruit sets were found on each branch, and many flowers that did not set were picked. In addition, the peach tree was not damaged by calcium citrate.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. Needless to say.

[0020]

As described in detail above, claim 1 is as follows.
Since the organic acid salt as an active ingredient of the described flower remover is water-soluble, it does not form a film on the bark or leaf surface by spraying, so even when a pesticide or the like is sprayed after spraying, the film causes a problem. The effects of pesticides are not diminished. Moreover, since many organic acids are weak acids, the safety of organic acid salts is high.

In particular, citric acid, gluconic acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, and propionic acid described in claim 2 are organic acids which are approved for food addition. These organic acid salts can be said to be particularly safe. In the flower removing method according to the third aspect, since the flower removing agent according to the first or second aspect is used, the effect according to the first or second aspect can be obtained.

Further, in this flower removing method, since the flower removing agent is sprayed after the full bloom period, it is possible to leave the flower which bloomed earlier, which is expected to have good fruit, and to accurately remove other flowers.
In particular, according to the flower removing method of the fourth aspect, it is possible to more reliably remove flowers that have bloomed late while leaving flowers that bloomed earlier.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A flower remover containing an organic acid salt as an active ingredient. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the organic acid salt is any one of citric acid, gluconic acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, propionic acid and formic acid. The flower picker according to 1. 3. The flower remover according to claim 1, wherein said organic acid salt is an organic acid calcium. 4. A flower removing method comprising spraying the flower removing agent according to claim 1 after the full bloom period. 5. The flower removing method according to claim 4, wherein the spraying is performed a plurality of times.