JP2001193844A - Floating seal device for rotating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a floating seal device for a rotating machine capable of preventing damage of a seal member and reducing a fluid leak rate. SOLUTION: This device is loosely fitted with space (h) between the outer peripheral part of a rotating body 1 and itself, and comprises a seal member 11 for sealing the rotating body 1, a supporting member 8 for supporting the seal member 11, a heating measures 13 for heating the seal member 11 and a controller 14 for controlling heating quantity of the heating means 13.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a compressor, a blower,
The present invention relates to a floating seal device for a rotary machine applied to a shaft seal of a rotary machine such as a rotary pump and a turbine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a turbine rotor (rotating body) as an example of a rotating machine. FIG. 5 is an enlarged explanatory view of a conventional floating seal attached to a turbine rotor (rotating body).

As shown in FIG. 4, a turbine rotor (rotating body) 1 is supported by radial bearings 3 and 4 and a thrust bearing 5. The turbine rotor (rotating body) 1 has multi-stage moving blades 2, 2,...
As a shaft seal of the rotating body 1, floating seals 6 are arranged at a plurality of locations on the rotating body 1.

[0005] As shown in FIG. 5, the floating seal 6 has an annular sealing material 7 fitted with a clearance h from the outer surface of the rotating body 1. Support material 8 so as to enclose it with a moving gap for material 7
Is arranged.

When the seal member 7 moves axially from the high pressure side to the low pressure side (moves from left to right in FIG. 5) due to the fluid pressure difference, it is supported by the end face 9 of the support member 8.

In the conventional floating seal 6, in order to reduce the amount of fluid leakage from the high pressure side to the low pressure side, the clearance h
Need to be as small as possible. Here, the gap h
Is smaller, the temperature difference between the rotating body 1 and the sealing material 7;
The gap h may disappear (become zero) due to the difference in thermal expansion, and as a result, the sealing material 7 may be damaged.

In addition, when starting and stopping the engine, the temperature of the seal member 7 and the rotating body 1 changes transiently, so that the gap h may become small. There was a problem that it was easy to wake up.

[0008]

There is a need for a floating seal for a rotary machine that can prevent damage to the seal material and reduce the amount of fluid leakage from the high pressure side to the low pressure side. Furthermore, even if the sealing material contacts the rotating body, it is desired that damage due to the contact be minimized. Further, it is desired that the seal member be smoothly moved in the radial direction so that the function of the floating seal is maintained.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a floating seal device for a rotary machine that can prevent damage to a seal member (seal member) and reduce the amount of fluid leakage. It is intended to be.

[0010]

Means for solving the problem are described as follows. The technical matters corresponding to the claims in the expression are appended with parentheses (), numbers, symbols, and the like. The numbers, symbols, etc. clarify the correspondence / correspondence between the technical matter corresponding to the claim and the technical matter of at least one of the plural forms of implementation. It is not to show that technical matters are limited to technical matters of the embodiment.

A floating seal device (6) for a rotary machine according to the present invention is loosely fitted with a gap (h) around the outer periphery of a rotating body (1) to seal the rotating body (1). A member (11), a support member (8) for supporting the seal member (11), a heating means (13) for heating the seal member (11), and a heating amount of the heating means (13) are controlled. A control unit (14).

In the floating seal device (6) for a rotary machine according to the present invention, the axial movement of the seal member (11) is supported by a first surface (9) of the support member (8), The surface of the member (11) facing the outer peripheral portion of the rotating body (1) and the surface of the sealing member (11) facing the first surface (9) are provided with a coating material (12) having lubricity. ) Is provided.

The floating seal device of the present invention (6)
In the above, the heating means (13) is an electric heater.

In the floating seal device (6) for a rotary machine according to the present invention, the coating material (12) is
It is a carbon material.

In the floating seal device (6) for a rotary machine according to the present invention, a first temperature detector (21) for detecting a temperature of the seal member (11) and a temperature of the rotary body (1) are further detected. And a second temperature detector (22) for detecting, wherein the control unit (14) is configured to perform the following operations based on the detection values detected by the first and second temperature detectors (21, 22), respectively. The heating amount of the heating means (13) is controlled.

The floating seal device (6) for a rotary machine according to the present invention further comprises a gap sensor (31) for detecting the gap (h), and the control section (14)
A heating amount of the heating means (13) is controlled based on a detection value detected by the gap sensor (31).

A floating seal for a rotary machine according to the present invention is a floating seal (6) for a rotary machine for performing shaft sealing of a rotary body (1), and has a clearance (h) on the outer periphery of the rotary body (1). Annular sealing material (1)
1), and a support member (8) arranged so as to wrap around from the outside of the sealing material (11), and the sealing material (1) is provided.
The axial movement of 1) is supported by the end surface (9) of the support member (8), and further includes a heating means (13) built in the sealing material (11) and a temperature of the heating means (13). A controller (14) for performing the adjustment.

In the floating seal (6) for a rotary machine according to the present invention, the sealing member (11) may be provided with heating and cooling means for heating and cooling in place of the heating means (13).

In the floating seal (6) of the rotary machine according to the present invention, the surface of the sealing material (11) facing the rotating body (1) (the inner peripheral surface of the sealing material (11)) is further coated. The first coating material (12) having lubricity, and the lubricity coated on the surface of the sealing material (11) facing the end surface (9) (the low pressure side of the side surface of the sealing material (11)). Having a second coating material (12).

The floating seal of the rotary machine according to the present invention prevents damage to the sealing material by increasing the gap (h) when starting and stopping and reducing the gap (h) during normal operation. Reduce the amount of leakage.

[0021]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of a floating seal device for a rotary machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged view of a first embodiment of a floating seal device for a rotary machine according to the present invention. The same members as those in FIGS. 4 and 5 described as the related art are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description will be omitted.

In the first embodiment, a heater 13 is provided in place of the seal 7 shown in FIG. 5, and a seal 12 is provided on the lubricating surface. In the first embodiment, the size of the gap h is adjusted by controlling the power supplied to the heater 13.

A heating means such as a heater 13 is built in the annular seal base material 11. Electric power is supplied to the heater 13 from the external power supply device 15 via the controller 14 so that the gap h at the start and stop and during operation is adjusted based on a predetermined program.

A coating material 12 having excellent lubricity, such as carbon, is coated or stuck on the inner peripheral surface (the surface facing the rotating body 1) and the end surface 9 of the seal base material 11. The seal material according to the first embodiment includes a seal base material 11 made of a metal material such as iron and copper, a heating means such as a heater 13 and a coating material 12 having excellent lubricity such as carbon. The configuration other than the above is almost the same as the conventional example.

According to the floating seal of the rotary machine of this embodiment, when the rotating body 1 is started and stopped, the power supply 1
When the electric power from 5 is supplied to the heater 13 based on the processing procedure of the controller 14, the heat generated by the heater 13 heats the sealing base material 11, and the gap h is expanded by thermal expansion.

Since the rotating body 1 starts and rotates with the gap h widened, the inner peripheral surface of the coating material 12 and the rotating body 1 are rotated.
Contact with the outer surface of the vehicle is avoided. Also, even if the surface of the coating material 12 comes into contact, damage due to the contact is minimized by the coating material 12 having excellent lubricity.

When the seal base material 11 receives a pressing force from the high pressure side to the low pressure side due to the fluid pressure difference, the coating material 12 on the side surface of the seal base material 11 comes into contact with the end face 9. In this case, since the contact resistance is minimized by the coating material 12 having excellent lubricity, the radial movement of the seal base material 11 is smoothly performed, and the function of the floating seal is maintained.

During normal operation, the power supply to the heater 13 is cut off, and the heater 13 is operated with the initially set minimum gap h, so that the amount of fluid leakage from the gap h can be reduced.

In the above-described embodiment, an example is shown in which a heating means such as a heater is incorporated in the sealing material. However, what is incorporated in the sealing material is not limited to the heater. Those having, for example, pipes to which a heat medium is supplied from the outside can be buried. When a pipe or the like is buried, the sealing material can be heated and cooled, and the temperature control of the sealing material can be adjusted in a wide range.

According to the present embodiment, the gap h is increased at the start and stop of the engine, and the gap h is reduced during the normal operation. Contact is avoided and damage to the sealing material is prevented. In addition, during normal operation, the gap h is reduced and the operation is performed, so that the amount of fluid leakage from the gap h is reduced.

Referring to FIG. 2, a second embodiment of the floating seal device for a rotary machine according to the present invention will be described.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the second embodiment. The same members as those of FIG. 1 described in the first embodiment or FIGS. 4 and 5 described as the related art are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description will be omitted.

In the second embodiment, the temperature of the sealing base material 11 and the surface temperature of the rotating body 1 are detected with respect to the sealing material of the first embodiment, and the gap h is determined based on the detected temperatures. The built-in heater 13 is controlled such that is set to an appropriate value.

A temperature detector 21 is attached to the side surface of the seal base material 11 (the surface opposite to the surface facing the end surface 9). The temperature detector 21 detects the temperature of the seal base material 11 and outputs the detected temperature to the control device 23. A temperature detector 22 is arranged near the seal member of the rotating body 1. The temperature detector 22 detects the surface temperature of the rotating body 1 and outputs the detected temperature to the control device 23.

The controller 23 determines the gap h based on the temperatures detected by the temperature detector 21 and the temperature detector 22.
The power supply from the power supply device 15 to the heater 13 is controlled so that the value becomes an appropriate value. The configuration other than the above is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment.

According to the floating seal of the rotating machine of the second embodiment, when the rotating body 1 is started and stopped, the control device 23 compares the detection values from the temperature detectors 21 and 22 with the first set temperature. You. In response to the first control signal generated by the control device 23 based on the comparison result,
The heater 13 operates. As a result, the seal base material 11 is heated, and the gap h is expanded by thermal expansion.

Also, during normal operation, when the detected values from the temperature detectors 21 and 22 are output to the control device 23, they are compared with the second set temperature. In response to the second control signal generated by the control device 23 based on the comparison result, the heater 13 is operated or stopped, and the temperature of the seal base material 11 is controlled so as to reach a predetermined gap h. .

According to the second embodiment, the sealing base material 11
And the surface temperature of the rotating body 1 are detected,
The temperature of the seal base material 11 is controlled by the (control device 23). As a result, the gap is increased up to the appropriate gap h at the start and stop of the engine, and is reduced during normal operation.
Further, since the gap is controlled to be an appropriate gap h based on the detected temperature, damage to the sealing material due to contact is prevented, and the amount of fluid leakage from the gap h is reduced.

Referring to FIG. 3, a third embodiment of the floating seal device for a rotary machine according to the present invention will be described.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the floating seal of the third embodiment. FIG. 1 described in the first embodiment and FIGS. 4 and 5 described as prior art
The same members as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

In the third embodiment, a gap sensor for detecting a gap h is provided on the side of the seal member with respect to the seal member of the first embodiment so that the detected gap h becomes a set value. The built-in heater is controlled.

A plurality of magnetic sensors 31 as gap sensors are mounted in the circumferential direction of the seal base material 11 below the side of the seal base material 11. Multiple magnetic sensors 3
1 are the surface of the rotating body 1 and the coating material 12
Is detected, and the detected gap h is output to the control device 32. The control device 32 calculates (averages, extracts the maximum value, etc.) the values of the plurality of gaps h detected by the plurality of magnetic sensors 31, and calculates the gap h as the calculation result. The control device 32 sends the built-in heater 13 from the power supply device 15 based on the calculated gap h so that the calculated gap h becomes a set value.
Control the power supply to the The configuration other than the above is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment.

According to the third embodiment, the control unit 32 compares the detection value from the magnetic sensor 31 (gap h as a calculation result based on the same) with the set value (set gap).
In response to the third control signal generated by the control device 32 based on the comparison result, the built-in heater 13 operates to heat the seal base material 11 and to set the gap h to the set gap. Eleven temperatures are controlled.

According to the third embodiment, the gap h between the outer surface of the rotating body 1 and the inner peripheral surface of the coating material 12 is detected,
By controlling the temperature of the seal base material 11 by the built-in heater 13, the gap h is increased to the first set value at the start and stop of the engine, and is decreased to the second set value (minimum value) during the normal operation. Is done. Since control is performed so as to be the first or second set value, damage to the sealing material due to contact is prevented, and the amount of fluid leakage from the gap h is reduced.

Although not shown, in the present invention,
An example of a combination of the second embodiment and the third embodiment is disclosed. That is, the floating seal 6 includes a temperature detector 21 for detecting a temperature of the seal base material 11 and a temperature detector 22 for detecting a surface temperature of the rotating body 1.
All of the gap sensors 31 are provided.

[0047]

According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the seal member from being damaged and to reduce the amount of fluid leakage from the high pressure side to the low pressure side.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged view of a first embodiment of a floating seal of a rotary machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a second embodiment of the floating seal of the rotary machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a third embodiment of the floating seal of the rotating machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a conventional general turbine rotor.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged explanatory view of a conventional general floating seal attached to the turbine rotor of FIG. 4;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotating body 2 Rotor blade 3 Radial bearing 4 Radial bearing 5 Thrust bearing 6 Floating seal 7 Seal material 8 Support material 9 End face 11 Seal base material 12 Coating material 13 Heater 14 Controller 15 Power supply device 21 Temperature detector 22 Temperature detector 23 Control Device 31 Clearance sensor 32 Control device h Clearance

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A sealing member that is loosely fitted to a peripheral portion of a rotating body with a gap and seals the rotating body, a supporting member that supports the sealing member, and a heating unit that heats the sealing member. A floating seal device for a rotary machine, comprising: a control unit configured to control a heating amount of the heating unit. 2. The floating seal device for a rotary machine according to claim 1, wherein the axial movement of the seal member is caused by a first movement of the support member.
The surface of the seal member facing the outer peripheral portion of the rotating body and the surface of the seal member facing the first surface are provided with a coating material having lubricity. Machine floating seal device. 3. The floating seal device for a rotary machine according to claim 1, wherein the heating unit is an electric heater. 4. The floating seal device for a rotary machine according to claim 2, wherein the coating material is a carbon material. 5. The floating seal device for a rotary machine according to claim 1, further comprising: a first temperature detector for detecting a temperature of the seal member; A rotary machine for controlling a heating amount of the heating means based on a detection value detected by each of the first and second temperature detectors. Floating seal device. 6. The floating seal device for a rotary machine according to claim 1, further comprising: a gap sensor that detects the gap, wherein the control unit detects the gap by the gap sensor. A floating seal device for a rotary machine that controls a heating amount of the heating means based on a detected value.