JP2001192375A - Oximinoalkanoic acid derivative crystal - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oximinoalkanoic acid derivative crystal having excellent antidiabetic activity. SOLUTION: This crystal is (E)-4-[4-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-4-oxazolylmethoxy) benzyloxyimino]-4-phenylbutyric acid crystal with the proviso that a crystal having a melting point of 126-127 deg.C is excluded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a crystal of an oximinoalkanoic acid derivative having an antidiabetic action, a pharmaceutical composition containing the crystal, a retinoid-related receptor function regulator and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is known that many organic compounds have so-called crystal polymorphs, which have different crystal forms even if they have the same composition. Physicochemical properties such as melting point, solubility and stability, or pharmacokinetics (absorptivity, distribution, metabolism, excretion), and biological properties such as onset of drug effects may differ in crystalline polymorphs. It is impossible to predict them from structure.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the pharmaceutical industry, crystals having excellent medicinal properties such as stable crystals having good absorbability are desired.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies and found that stable (E) -4- [4- (5-methyl-2)
-Phenyl-4-oxazolylmethoxy) benzyloxyimino] -4-phenylbutyric acid (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as compound A) was successfully obtained. Excellent properties as pharmaceuticals and drug substances) for the first time. The present inventors have completed the present invention based on these findings.
That is, the present invention provides: (1) (E) -4- [4- (5-methyl-2-phenyl-4-oxazolylmethoxy) benzyloxyimino]
Crystals of -4-phenylbutyric acid (however, 126-127 ° C
(2) a crystal according to (1) having a melting point of about 136 ° C. to about 139 ° C .; and (3) a plane spacing (d value) of about 1 by powder X-ray crystal diffraction.
(E) -4- [4- (4-Methyl-2-phenyl-4-oxazolylmethoxy) benzyloxyimino] -4 showing a diffraction pattern with a characteristic peak at 7.5, about 6.0 Å -A crystal of phenylbutyric acid; (4) a pharmaceutical composition containing the crystal of any of (1) or (3); (5) a pharmaceutical composition of (4), which is a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for diabetes. (6) The pharmaceutical composition according to the above (4), which is an agent for preventing or treating hyperlipidemia; (7) The pharmaceutical composition according to the above (4), which is a preventing or treating agent for impaired glucose tolerance. (8) the pharmaceutical composition according to (4), which is a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for an inflammatory disease; (9) the pharmaceutical composition according to (4), which is a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for arteriosclerosis; A retinoid comprising the crystal according to any one of the above (1) or (3) (11) the agent according to (10), which is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligand; (12) the agent (1), which is a retinoid X receptor ligand
(13) The pharmaceutical composition according to (4), which is an insulin sensitivity enhancer; (14) The pharmaceutical composition according to (4), which is an insulin sensitizer.

(1) Production method (E) -4- [4- (5-Methyl-2-phenyl-4-)
Oxazolylmethoxy) benzyloxyimino] -4-
Crystals of phenylbutyric acid (excluding crystals having a melting point of 126 to 127 ° C.) (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “crystals of the present invention”) can be obtained by applying a known crystallization method to compound A. , By crystallization. Examples of such a crystallization method include crystallization from a solution, crystallization from steam, and crystallization from a melt. The method of “crystallization from a solution” includes:
For example, a concentration method, a cooling method, a reaction method (diffusion method, electrolytic method), a hydrothermal growth method, a flux method and the like can be mentioned. Examples of the solvent used include aromatic hydrocarbons (eg, benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.), halogenated hydrocarbons (eg, dichloromethane, chloroform, etc.), and saturated hydrocarbons (eg, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, etc.) ), Ethers (eg, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, etc.), nitriles (eg, acetonitrile, etc.), ketones (eg, acetone, etc.), sulfoxides (eg, dimethyl sulfoxide, etc.), acid amides (Eg, N, N-dimethylformamide, etc.), esters (eg, ethyl acetate, etc.), alcohols (eg, methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, etc.), water and the like. These solvents may be used alone or in an appropriate ratio of two or more (eg, 1: 1 to 1:10
0 (volume ratio)). Examples of the method of “crystallization from vapor” include a vaporization method (sealed tube method, gas flow method), a gas phase reaction method, a chemical transport method, and the like. Examples of the method of “crystallization from a melt” include a normal freezing method (pulling method, temperature gradient method, Bridgman method), a zone melting method (zone leveling method, a float zone method), and a special growth method (VLS method). , Liquid phase epitaxy)
And the like. For example, crystallization can be achieved by converting compound A to 20
A suitable solvent (eg, methanol,
It is carried out by dissolving in an alcohol such as ethanol) and cooling the resulting solution to a temperature lower than the temperature at the time of dissolution (for example, 0 to 50 ° C, preferably 0 to 20 ° C). The crystals thus obtained can be isolated, for example, by filtration. As a method of analyzing the obtained crystal, a method of crystal analysis by X-ray diffraction is generally used. Further, as a method of determining the crystal orientation, a mechanical method or an optical method may be used.

Compound A can be prepared by a method known per se, for example, JP-A-2000-34266 (Japanese Patent Application No. 11-130543,
(WO 99/58510) described below or a method analogous thereto. Compound A is the same as compound (III) and compound (III ′) in which R ¹ is a hydroxy group.

Embedded image Wherein Z is a hydroxy group, a halogen atom or OSO
₂ R ³ (R ³ is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms;
Represents an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may be substituted with an alkyl group. And R ¹ represents a hydroxy group or —OR ² (R ² represents a hydrocarbon group which may be substituted). ]

Here, the number of carbon atoms in the “alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms” and the “aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may be substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms” represented by R ³ Examples of the alkyl group of 1-4 include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, and se.
c-butyl and t.-butyl, of which methyl is preferred. Examples of the aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms in the “aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may be substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms” represented by R ³ include phenyl and naphthyl. Of these, phenyl is preferred.

The hydrocarbon group in the "optionally substituted hydrocarbon group" for R ² includes an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an araliphatic hydrocarbon group and an aromatic hydrocarbon group. Groups. As the aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is preferable. As the aliphatic hydrocarbon group, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec.-butyl, t.-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, isohexyl, heptyl, octyl, etc. 8 saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups (eg, alkyl groups, etc.); for example, ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl,
-Methyl-1-propenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, 1-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl,
2,4-hexadienyl, 5-hexenyl, 1-heptenyl, 1-octenyl, ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2
-Propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-pentynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl, 4-pentynyl, 1-hexynyl, 3-hexynyl, 2,4-hexadynyl, 5-hexynyl, -Unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms such as heptynyl and 1-octynyl (eg, alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, alkadienyl group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, alkenylalkynyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms) And an alkadiynyl group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms). As the alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms is preferable. Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl,
A saturated alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms such as cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cycloheptyl (eg, cycloalkyl group); for example, 1-cyclopentenyl, 2-cyclopentenyl, 3-cyclopentenyl, 1-cyclohexenyl, 2-cyclohexenyl, 3-cyclohexenyl,
An unsaturated alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 7 carbon atoms such as 1-cycloheptenyl, 2-cycloheptenyl, 3-cycloheptenyl, and 2,4-cycloheptadienyl (eg, cycloalkenyl group, cycloalkadienyl group, etc.) No.
As the araliphatic hydrocarbon group, an araliphatic hydrocarbon group having 7 to 13 carbon atoms (eg, an aralkyl group having 7 to 13 carbon atoms, an arylalkenyl group having 8 to 13 carbon atoms, and the like) is preferable. Examples of the araliphatic hydrocarbon group include phenylalkyl having 7 to 9 carbon atoms such as benzyl, phenethyl, 1-phenylethyl, 1-phenylpropyl, 2-phenylpropyl, and 3-phenylpropyl; α-naphthylmethyl, α -Naphthylethyl, β-naphthylmethyl, β-
Naphthylalkyl having 11 to 13 carbon atoms such as naphthylethyl; phenylalkenyl having 8 to 10 carbon atoms such as styryl; and 12 to 13 carbon atoms such as 2- (2-naphthylvinyl)
Naphthylalkenyl and the like. As the aromatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms (eg, an aryl group or the like) is preferable. Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group include phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, phenanthryl, acenaphthylenyl, biphenylyl and the like, and among them, phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl and the like are preferable. R ² is preferably an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a phenylalkenyl group having 8 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms. The hydrocarbon group represented by R ² may have 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 3 substituents at substitutable positions. As the substituent, a halogen atom (eg,
Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.), an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (eg, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, sec.-butoxy, t.-butoxy, etc.), 6 to 6 carbon atoms 14 aryloxy groups (eg, phenoxy, naphthyloxy, etc.) and aromatic heterocyclic groups (eg, furyl, thienyl) and the like.

In this method, compound (III) is produced by reacting compound (I) with compound (II). When Z is a hydroxy group, this reaction is performed by a method known per se, for example, the method described in Synthesis, page 1, (1981), or a method analogous thereto. That is, this reaction is usually performed in the presence of an organic phosphorus compound and an electrophile in a solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction.
Examples of the organic phosphorus compound include triphenylphosphine and tributylphosphine. Examples of the electrophile include diethyl azodicarboxylate, diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, and azodicarbonyldipiperazine. The amount of the organic phosphorus compound and the electrophilic agent to be used is preferably 1 to 5 molar equivalents relative to compound (II). Examples of the solvent that does not adversely affect the reaction include ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and dioxane; halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform and dichloromethane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; Examples include amides such as dimethylformamide; sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide. These solvents may be mixed and used at an appropriate ratio. The reaction temperature is usually-
The temperature is 50 to 150C, preferably -10 to 100C.
The reaction time is 0.5 to 20 hours.

When Z is a halogen atom or a group represented by OSO ₂ R ³ , this reaction is carried out according to a conventional method in the presence of a base.
The reaction is performed in a solvent that does not adversely affect the reaction. Examples of the base include alkali metal salts such as potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium hydrogen carbonate, and potassium carbonate;
Pyridine, triethylamine, N, N-dimethylaniline, 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undeca-
Amines such as 7-ene; metal hydrides such as potassium hydride and sodium hydride; alkali metal alkoxides such as sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide and potassium t.-butoxide. The amount of the base to be used is preferably 1 to 5 molar equivalents relative to compound (II). Solvents that do not adversely affect the reaction include, for example, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane; ketones such as acetone and 2-butanone; halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform and dichloromethane. Hydrogens;
Examples include amides such as N, N-dimethylformamide; sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide. These solvents may be mixed and used at an appropriate ratio. The reaction temperature is generally -50 to 150C, preferably -10 to 100C. The reaction time is usually 0.5 to
20 hours.

Then, if desired, compound (III, R ¹ =
-OR ² ) by subjecting the compound (I) to a hydrolysis reaction.
II '). This hydrolysis reaction is performed in a water-containing solvent in the presence of an acid or a base according to a conventional method. Examples of the acid include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, hydrobromic acid and the like. Examples of the base include alkali metal carbonates such as potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate; alkali metal alkoxides such as sodium methoxide; alkali metal hydroxides such as potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and lithium hydroxide. The amount of the acid or base to be used is generally an excess amount relative to compound (III). Preferably, the amount of the acid used is 2 to 50 equivalents based on the compound (III), and the amount of the base used is 1.2 to 50 equivalents based on the compound (III).
5 equivalents. As the aqueous solvent, for example, methanol,
Alcohols such as ethanol; tetrahydrofuran,
Ethers such as dioxane; and a mixed solvent of water with one or more solvents selected from dimethyl sulfoxide, acetone, and the like. The reaction temperature is usually -20
To 150 ° C, preferably -10 to 100 ° C. The reaction time is generally 0.1 to 20 hours. The compounds (III) and (III ′) thus obtained can be isolated and purified by known separation and purification means, for example, concentration, concentration under reduced pressure, solvent extraction, chromatography and the like.

The compounds (I) and (II) used as starting compounds in the above method are known compounds. For example, the compound (I) wherein Z is a hydroxy group is
It is described in EP-A 710659. Compound (I) is disclosed in EP-A-629624 (JP-A-7-53).
555) and WO 98/03505. Further, compound (I) can also be produced by a method according to the methods described in these publications. On the other hand, compound (II) can be prepared, for example, by using Journal fur Praktische Chemi
e) 311, 370 (1969); Canadian Journal of Chemistry
al of Chemistry), 48, 1948 (1970)
Year); Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, 25
Vol., Page 1283 (1988). Compound (II) can also be produced by a method according to the method described in these documents.

(2) Salt Compound A may form a salt. As such a salt, a pharmacologically acceptable salt is preferable, and examples thereof include a salt with an inorganic base and a salt with an organic base. Preferred examples of the salt with an inorganic base include, for example, alkali metal salts such as sodium salt and potassium salt; alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salt and magnesium salt; and aluminum salt and ammonium salt. Preferred examples of the salt with an organic base include, for example, salts with trimethylamine, triethylamine, pyridine, picoline, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, dicyclohexylamine, N, N-dibenzylethylenediamine, and the like.

(3) Properties of Crystal The crystal of the present invention is a crystal of compound A,
The crystal is not particularly limited as long as it is not a crystal having a melting point of 6 to 127 ° C, but is particularly 130 ° C or higher, preferably about 136 ° C.
Crystals having a melting point of from about 139C to about 139C are preferred. Also,
As the crystal of the present invention, for example, by powder X-ray crystal diffraction, the interplanar spacing (d value) is about 17.5, about 6.0 Å (preferably about 17.5, about 8.91, about 7.8).
1, about 5.98, about 4.65, about 4.29, about 4.0
9, a crystal showing a diffraction pattern having a characteristic peak at about 3.54 angstroms. The crystals of the present invention preferably have a melting point of about 136 ° C to about 139 ° C, and have a d-spacing of about 17.5, about 6.0 Å (preferably about 17.5, about 8. 91, about 7.8
1, about 5.98, about 4.65, about 4.29, about 4.0
9, about 3.54 angstroms) showing a diffraction pattern having a characteristic peak. In this specification, the melting point is, for example, a trace melting point meter (Yanaco, MP-500D).
Melting point) as measured by using (type). In this specification, a characteristic peak due to powder X-ray diffraction is, for example, a Cu—Kα1 ray (tube voltage: 40 KV; tube current: 4) as a radiation source.
0 mA) means a peak measured using RINT1100 (Rigaku Denki). In general, the melting point and characteristic peaks due to powder X-ray diffraction may fluctuate depending on the measurement equipment, measurement conditions, and the like. The crystal of the present invention
Within the normal error range, the melting point or powder X
The crystal may show a value different from a characteristic peak due to line diffraction. The crystals of the present invention have physicochemical properties (eg, melting point, solubility, stability, etc.) and biological properties (eg, pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion), drug efficacy, etc.)
And is extremely useful as a medicament.

(4) Formulation The crystals of the present invention have low toxicity, and can be used as such or as a mixture with a pharmacologically acceptable carrier or the like to form a pharmaceutical composition. Rats, rabbits, dogs, cats, cattle, horses, pigs, monkeys, etc.) as preventive and therapeutic agents for various diseases described below.

Here, as the pharmacologically acceptable carrier, various organic or inorganic carrier substances commonly used as pharmaceutical materials are used, and excipients, lubricants, binders, disintegrants in solid preparations; It is blended as a solvent, a solubilizing agent, a suspending agent, a tonicity agent, a buffering agent, a soothing agent and the like in the preparation. If necessary, formulation additives such as preservatives, antioxidants, coloring agents and sweeteners can also be used.
Preferred examples of the excipient include lactose, sucrose, D-mannitol, D-sorbitol, starch, pregelatinized starch, dextrin, crystalline cellulose, low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, gum arabic, dextrin, and the like. Examples include pullulan, light anhydrous silicic acid, synthetic aluminum silicate, and magnesium metasilicate aluminate. Preferred examples of the lubricant include, for example, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, talc, colloidal silica and the like. Preferred examples of the binder include, for example, pregelatinized starch, sucrose, gelatin, gum arabic, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, crystalline cellulose, sucrose, D-mannitol, trehalose, dextrin, pullulan,
Hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the like can be mentioned. Preferable examples of the disintegrant include lactose, sucrose, starch, carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose calcium, croscarmellose sodium, sodium carboxymethyl starch, light anhydrous silicic acid, low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose and the like.

Preferred examples of the solvent include water for injection, physiological saline, Ringer's solution, alcohol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, sesame oil, corn oil, olive oil, cottonseed oil and the like. Preferred examples of the dissolution aid include, for example, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, D-mannitol, trehalose, benzyl benzoate, ethanol, trisaminomethane, cholesterol, triethanolamine,
Examples include sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, sodium salicylate, sodium acetate and the like. Preferable examples of the suspending agent include surfactants such as stearyltriethanolamine, sodium lauryl sulfate, laurylaminopropionic acid, lecithin, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride and glyceryl monostearate; for example, polyvinyl alcohol, Hydrophilic polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose and hydroxypropylcellulose; polysorbates, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil and the like. Preferred examples of the tonicity agent include sodium chloride, glycerin, D-mannitol, D-sorbitol, glucose and the like. Preferred examples of the buffer include buffers such as phosphate, acetate, carbonate, and citrate. Preferred examples of the soothing agent include benzyl alcohol and the like.

Preferred examples of the preservative include, for example, paraoxybenzoic esters, chlorobutanol, benzyl alcohol, phenethyl alcohol, dehydroacetic acid, sorbic acid and the like. Suitable examples of the antioxidant include, for example, sulfite, ascorbate and the like. Preferable examples of the coloring agent include, for example, water-soluble edible tar dyes (eg, edible dyes such as edible red Nos. 2 and 3, edible yellows 4 and 5, edible blues 1 and 2, water-insoluble lake dyes) (Eg, the aluminum salt of the water-soluble edible tar dye, etc.), natural pigments (eg, β-carotene, chlorophyll, red pepper, etc.) Preferable examples of the sweetener include, for example, sodium saccharin, dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, Aspartame, stevia and the like.

(5) Dosage form The dosage form of the pharmaceutical composition includes, for example, tablets, capsules (including soft capsules and microcapsules), granules, powders, syrups, emulsions, suspensions and other oral preparations; and Injections (eg, subcutaneous injections, intravenous injections, intramuscular injections, intraperitoneal injections, etc.), external preparations (eg, nasal preparations, transdermal preparations, ointments, etc.), suppositories (eg, Rectal suppositories, vaginal suppositories, etc.), pellets, drops, sustained-release preparations, and other parenteral preparations, which can be orally or parenterally administered safely. The pharmaceutical composition can be produced by a method commonly used in the field of formulation technology, for example, a method described in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia and the like. Hereinafter, a specific production method of the preparation will be described in detail.

For example, oral preparations include, as active ingredients, excipients (eg, lactose, sucrose, starch, D-mannitol, etc.), disintegrants (eg, carboxymethylcellulose calcium, etc.), binders (eg, gelatinized Starch, gum arabic, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc.) or a lubricant (eg, talc, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol 6000, etc.) is added and compression-molded, and then, if necessary, taste masking It is manufactured by coating with a coating base by a method known per se for the purpose of enteric or sustainability.
Examples of the coating base include a sugar coating base, a water-soluble film coating base, an enteric film coating base, and a sustained release film coating base. As a sugar coating base, sucrose is used, and talc, precipitated calcium carbonate, gelatin, gum arabic,
One or two selected from pullulan, carnauba wax, etc.
More than one species may be used in combination. As the water-soluble film coating base, for example, hydroxypropyl cellulose,
Cellulose polymers such as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose and methylhydroxyethylcellulose; synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl acetal diethylaminoacetate, aminoalkyl methacrylate copolymer E (Eudragit E (trade name), Rohm Pharma Co., Ltd.), polyvinylpyrrolidone; And the like.

Examples of the enteric film coating base include cellulosic polymers such as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate, carboxymethylethylcellulose and cellulose acetate phthalate; methacrylic acid copolymer L [Eudragit L
(Trade name), Rohm Pharma Co., Ltd.), methacrylic acid copolymer LD (Eudragit L-30D55 (trade name), Rohm Pharma Co., Ltd.), methacrylic acid copolymer S [Eudragit S (trade name), Rohm Pharma Co., Ltd.]
And acrylic acid polymers; natural products such as shellac. Examples of the sustained-release film coating base include cellulosic polymers such as ethyl cellulose; aminoalkyl methacrylate copolymer RS
Acrylic polymers such as [Eudragit RS (trade name), Rohm Pharma Co., Ltd.] and ethyl acrylate / methyl methacrylate copolymer suspension [Eudragit NE (trade name), Rohm Pharma Co., Ltd.] .
The above-mentioned coating bases may be used by mixing two or more kinds thereof at an appropriate ratio. Further, at the time of coating, a light-shielding agent such as titanium oxide, iron sesquioxide and the like may be used.

Injectable preparations contain an active ingredient as a dispersant (eg, polysorbate 80, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil 60, etc.), polyethylene glycol, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, etc.) and a preservative (eg, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, benzyl). Alcohol, chlorobutanol, phenol, etc.), isotonic agents (eg, sodium chloride, glycerin, D-mannitol, D-sorbitol, glucose, etc.) and aqueous solvents (eg, distilled water, physiological saline, Ringer's solution, etc.) Alternatively, it is produced by dissolving, suspending or emulsifying in an oily solvent (eg, vegetable oils such as olive oil, sesame oil, cottonseed oil, corn oil, propylene glycol, etc.). At this time, if necessary, additives such as a solubilizing agent (eg, sodium salicylate, sodium acetate, etc.), a stabilizer (eg, human serum albumin, etc.), a soothing agent (eg, benzyl alcohol, etc.) may be used.

(6) Compositions and Agents Another aspect of the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition containing the crystals of the present invention. In particular, this pharmaceutical composition may be used for diabetes, hyperlipidemia,
It can be used for the prevention and treatment of glucose intolerance, inflammatory diseases, arteriosclerosis and the like. The crystal of the present invention can be used as an insulin sensitivity enhancer, an insulin sensitizer, a retinoid-related receptor function regulator, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligand, a retinoid X receptor ligand, and the like. The function modulator herein means both an agonist and an antagonist, and is preferably an agonist. The function modulator may be a partial agonist (partial agonist) or a partial antagonist (partial antagonist). The crystal of the present invention has a blood glucose lowering effect, a blood lipid lowering effect, a blood insulin lowering effect,
It has an insulin sensitivity enhancing action, an insulin resistance improving action, and a retinoid-related receptor function regulating activity. Here, the retinoid-related receptor is a DNA-binding transcription factor that is contained in nuclear receptors and uses a signal molecule such as fat-soluble vitamin as a ligand. These are monomeric receptors and homodimeric receptors. It may be either a somatic or heterodimeric receptor. Here, as the monomer type receptor, for example, retinoid O receptor (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as ROR) α (GenBank Accession No. L1461)
1), RORβ (GenBank Accession No. L14160), R
ORγ (GenBank Accession No. U16997); Rev-e
rbα (GenBank Accession No. M24898), Rev-
erb β (GenBank Accession No. L31785); ERR
α (GenBank Accession No. X51416), ERRβ (GenBnk
ank Accession No. X51417); Ftz-FIα (GenB
ank Accession No. S65876), Ftz-FI β (GenB
ank Accession No. M81385); TIx (GenBank Access
ion No. S77482); GCNF (GenBank Accession No.
U14666). Examples of the homodimeric receptor include retinoid X receptor (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as RXR) α (GenBank Accession No. X52773),
RXRβ (GenBank Accession No. M84820), RXRγ
(GenBank Accession No. U38480); COUPα (GenBnk
ank Accession No. X12795), COUPβ (GenBank Ac
cession No.M64497), COUPγ (GenBank Accession
No. X12794); TR2α (GenBank Accession No. M299)
60), TR2β (GenBank Accession No. L27586); or HNF4α (GenBank Accession No. X76930), H
And a homodimer formed by NF4γ (GenBank Accession No. Z49826).

The heterodimeric receptor includes, for example, the above-mentioned retinoid X receptor (RXRα, RXRβ or RXRγ) and retinoid A receptor (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as RAR) α (GenBank Accession No. X0661).
4), RARβ (GenBank Accession No. Y00291), R
ARγ (GenBank Accession No. M24857); thyroid hormone receptor (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as TR) α (Ge
nBank Accession No. M24748), TRβ (GenBank Acce
ssion No. M26747); Vitamin D receptor (VDR) (Ge
nBank Accession No. JO3258); Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as PPAR) α (GenBank Accession No. L02932), PPARβ
(PPARδ) (GenBank Accession No. U10375), P
PARγ (GenBank Accession No. L40904); LXRα
(GenBank Accession No. U22662), LXRβ (GenBan
k Accession No. U14534); FXR (GenBank Accessio)
n No.U18374); MB67 (GenBank Accession No. L29)
263); ONR (GenBank Accession No. X75163); and NURα (GenBank Accession No. L13740), NU
Rβ (GenBank Accession No. X75918), NURγ (Ge
nBank Accession No. U12767) and a heterodimer formed with one type of receptor.

The crystals of the present invention are, among the above-mentioned retinoid-related receptors, particularly the retinoid X receptor (RXR
α, RXRβ, RXRγ) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARα, PPARβ (PPARβ)
δ), has excellent ligand activity for PPARγ). Further, the crystal of the present invention may be used as a peroxisome proliferating agent in a heterodimeric receptor formed by a retinoid X receptor and a peroxisome proliferator-responsive receptor, preferably in a heterodimeric receptor formed by RXRα and PPARγ. It has excellent ligand activity for responsive receptors. Therefore, the retinoid-related receptor ligand of the present invention is suitably used as a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligand or a retinoid X receptor ligand.

(7) Diseases to be Treated The crystals of the present invention and the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention include, for example, diabetes (eg, insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes, non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes, gestational diabetes, etc. ); A prophylactic / therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia (eg, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypoHDL cholesterol, postprandial hyperlipidemia, etc.); an insulin sensitivity enhancer; insulin resistance It can be used as an ameliorating agent; a preventive or therapeutic agent for impaired glucose tolerance (IGT); and an inhibitor for the transition from impaired glucose tolerance to diabetes. Further, the crystal of the present invention and the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be used, for example, for diabetic complications [eg, neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, cataract, macrovascular disorder, osteopenia, diabetic hyperosmotic coma, infection Diseases (eg, respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, digestive tract infection, skin and soft tissue infection, lower limb infection, etc.), diabetic gangrene, xerostomia, decreased hearing, cerebrovascular disorder, peripheral blood circulation disorder Etc.], obesity, osteoporosis, cachexia (eg, cancer cachexia, tuberculosis cachexia, diabetic cachexia, hematological cachexia, endocrine cachexia, infectious cachexia or acquired immunodeficiency Cachexia due to syndrome), fatty liver, hypertension, polycystic ovary syndrome, kidney disease (eg, diabetic nephropathy, glomerulonephritis, glomerulosclerosis, nephrotic syndrome, hypertensive renal sclerosis, end stage renal disease, etc.) , Muscular dystrophy, myocardial infarction, angina, cerebrovascular disorder Eg, cerebral infarction, stroke), insulin resistance syndrome, syndrome X, hyperinsulinemia, impaired perception in hyperinsulinemia, tumors (eg, leukemia, breast cancer, prostate cancer, skin cancer, etc.), irritable bowel syndrome, Acute or chronic diarrhea, inflammatory diseases (eg, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoarthritis, back pain, gout, inflammation after surgical trauma, remission of swelling, neuralgia, laryngitis, cystitis, hepatitis (non- Prevention of steatohepatitis such as alcoholic steatohepatitis), pneumonia, pancreatitis, inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, etc., arteriosclerosis (eg, atherosclerosis, etc.), visceral obesity syndrome, etc. -It can also be used as a therapeutic agent. Further, the crystal of the present invention and the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be used for peptic ulcer, acute or chronic gastritis, biliary dyskinesia, abdominal pain associated with cholecystitis, nausea, vomiting,
It can also be used to improve symptoms such as upper abdominal discomfort. Furthermore, the crystal of the present invention and the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention regulate (enhance or suppress) appetite and food intake, for example, a therapeutic agent for slimming and phagocytosis (weight gain in a subject to which slimming or phagocytosis is administered). ) Or obesity.

The crystals of the present invention and the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can also be used as a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for an inflammatory disease involving TNF-α. Here, the inflammatory disease associated with TNF-α is caused by the presence of TNF-α,
It is an inflammatory disease that can be treated through its α-suppressing effect. Examples of such inflammatory diseases include diabetic complications (eg, retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, macrovascular disorder, etc.), rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoarthritis, back pain,
Gout, inflammation after surgery / trauma, remission of swelling, neuralgia, pharyngolaryngitis, cystitis, hepatitis, pneumonia, gastric mucosal damage (including gastric mucosal damage caused by aspirin) and the like. The crystal of the present invention and the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention have an apoptosis-suppressing action and can be used as a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for diseases associated with promotion of apoptosis. Here, examples of the disease associated with promotion of apoptosis include viral diseases (eg, AIDS, fulminant hepatitis, etc.), neurodegenerative diseases (eg, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, pigmented retina) Inflammation, cerebellar degeneration, etc.), myelodysplastic disease (eg, aplastic anemia, etc.), ischemic disease (eg, myocardial infarction, stroke, etc.), liver disease (eg, alcoholic hepatitis, hepatitis B, hepatitis C) Etc.), joint diseases (eg, osteoarthritis, etc.), atherosclerosis and the like. The crystals of the present invention and the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention reduce visceral fat, suppress visceral fat accumulation, improve glucose metabolism, improve lipid metabolism, improve insulin resistance, suppress oxidized LDL production, improve lipoprotein metabolism, and improve coronary artery metabolism. , Prevention and treatment of cardiovascular complications, prevention and treatment of heart failure complications, reduction of blood remnant, prevention and treatment of anovulation, prevention and treatment of hirsutism,
It is also used for prevention and treatment of hyperandrogenemia.
The crystals of the present invention and the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention are also used for secondary prevention and suppression of progress of the above-mentioned various diseases (eg, cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction). The crystals of the present invention and the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can also be used in combination with midazolam, ketoconazole and the like.

The dose of the crystal of the present invention and the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention varies depending on the administration subject, administration route, target disease, symptom, and the like.
The crystal of the present invention, which is the active ingredient, is usually used in an amount of about 0.1.
05-100 mg / kg body weight, preferably 0.1-10
mg / kg body weight, more preferably 0.2-4 mg / k
g body weight, and it is desirable to administer this amount once to three times a day.

(8) Combination Use of Agents The crystals of the present invention can be used as therapeutic agents for diabetes, therapeutic agents for diabetic complications, antihyperlipidemic agents, antihypertensive agents, antiobesity agents, diuretics, chemotherapeutic agents, immunotherapy. Agent, a therapeutic agent for osteoporosis, an anti-dementia agent, an erectile dysfunction improving agent, a therapeutic agent for urinary incontinence and pollakiuria (hereinafter abbreviated as concomitant drug).
At this time, the administration time of the crystal of the present invention and the concomitant drug is not limited, and they may be administered to the administration subject simultaneously or at an interval. The dose of the concomitant drug can be appropriately determined based on the clinically used dose. The compounding ratio of the crystal of the present invention and the concomitant drug can be appropriately selected depending on the administration subject, administration route, target disease, symptom, combination and the like. For example, when the administration subject is a human, the concomitant drug may be used in an amount of 0.01 to 100 parts by weight based on 1 part by weight of the crystal of the present invention.

Examples of the therapeutic agent for diabetes include insulin preparations (eg, animal insulin preparations extracted from bovine and porcine pancreas; human insulin preparations genetically synthesized using Escherichia coli and yeast, etc.), insulin sensitivity enhancement, and the like. Agents (eg, pioglitazone hydrochloride, troglitazone, rosiglitazone or its maleate, GI-26257
0, JTT-501, MCC-555, YM-440,
KRP-297, FK-614, CS-011, etc.), α
-Glucosidase inhibitors (eg, voglibose, acarbose, miglitol, emiglitate, etc.), biguanides (eg, phenformin, metformin, buformin, etc.), sulfonylureas (eg, tolbutamide, glibenclamide, gliclazide, chlorpropamide, tolazamide, acetohexa) Amide, glyclopyramide, glimepiride, glipizide, glibazole, etc.) and other insulin secretagogues (eg, repaglinide, senaglinide,
Nateglinide, mitiglinide or its calcium salt hydrate, GLP-1, etc.), amylin agonist (eg, pramlintide etc.), phosphotyrosine phosphatase inhibitor (eg, vanadic acid etc.), dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor (eg, NVP- DPP-278, PT-1
00, P32 / 98, etc.), β3 agonists (eg, CL-
316243, SR-58611-A, UL-TG-3
07, AJ-9677, AZ40140, etc.), gluconeogenesis inhibitors (eg, glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors, glucose-6-phosphatase inhibitors, glucagon antagonists, etc.), SGLT (sodium-glucose cotransporter) inhibitors (eg, T- 1095). Examples of therapeutic agents for diabetic complications include aldose reductase inhibitors (eg, tolrestat, epalrestat, zenarestat, zopolrestat, minalrestat, fidarestat, SNK-860, CT-112, etc.), neurotrophic factors (eg, NGF , NT-3, BDNF, etc.), PKC
Inhibitors (eg, LY-333531 etc.), AGE inhibitors (eg, ALT946, pimagedin, pyratoxatin, N
-Phenacyl thiazolium bromide (ALT76
6), EXO-226, etc.), active oxygen scavengers (eg, thioctic acid, etc.), and cerebrovascular agents (eg, tiapride, mexiletine, etc.). Examples of antihyperlipidemic agents include statin compounds which are cholesterol synthesis inhibitors (eg, pravastatin, simvastatin, lovastatin, atorvastatin, fluvastatin, cerivastatin, itavastatin or a salt thereof (eg, sodium salt)), squalene Synthetic enzyme inhibitors or fibrate compounds having a triglyceride lowering action (eg, bezafibrate, clofibrate, simfibrate, clinofibrate, etc.) and the like. Antihypertensives include angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (eg, captopril, enalapril, delapril, etc.), angiotensin II antagonists (eg, losartan, candesartan cilexicil, eprosartan, valsantan, telmisartan, irbesartan, tasosartan, etc.), calcium antagonists ( For example,
Manidipine, nifedipine, amlodipine, efonidipine, nicardipine, etc.), clonidine and the like.

Examples of the antiobesity agent include central antiobesity agents (eg, dexfenfluramine, fenfluramine, phentermine, sibutramine, ampepramone, dexamphetamine, mazindol, phenylpropanolamine, clobenzolex, etc.), Pancreatic lipase inhibitors (eg, orlistat etc.), β3 agonists (eg, CL
-316243, SR-58611-A, UL-TG-
307, SB-226552, AJ-9677, BMS
19685, AZ40140, etc.), peptide appetite suppressants (eg, leptin, CNTF (ciliary neurotrophic factor), etc.), cholecystokinin agonists (eg, lynch tryp, FPL-15849, etc.) and the like. Examples of diuretics include xanthine derivatives (eg, sodium theobromine salicylate, calcium theobromine salicylate, etc.), thiazide-based preparations (eg, ethiazide, cyclopentiazide, trichloromethiazide, hydrochlorothiazide, hydroflumethiazide, benzylhydrochlorothiazide, penflutizide, polythiazide) , Methyclothiazide, etc.), anti-aldosterone preparations (eg, spironolactone, triamterene, etc.), carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (eg,
Acetazolamide), chlorobenzenesulfonamide-based preparations (eg, chlorthalidone, mefluside, indapamide, etc.), azosemide, isosorbide, ethacrynic acid, piretanide, bumetanide, furosemide and the like.

Examples of chemotherapeutic agents include alkylating agents (eg, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, etc.), antimetabolites (eg, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, etc.), anticancer antibiotics (eg, mitomycin, adriamycin) And the like, plant-derived anticancer agents (eg, vincristine, vindesine, taxol, etc.), cisplatin, carboplatin, etopoxide and the like.
Of these, furtulon or neofurturon, which is a 5-fluorouracil derivative, is preferred. Examples of the immunotherapeutic agent include microorganisms or bacterial components (eg, muramyl dipeptide derivatives, picibanil, etc.), polysaccharides having immunopotentiating activity (eg, lentinan, schizophyllan, krestin, etc.), cytokines obtained by genetic engineering techniques ( For example,
Interferon, interleukin (IL) and the like; colony stimulating factors (eg, granulocyte colony stimulating factor, erythropoietin and the like);
-2 and IL-12 are preferred. As osteoporosis therapeutic agents, for example, alphacalcidol (alfacalcidol),
Calcitriol, el cartonin (el)
caltonin), salmon calcitonin (calcitonin salmo)
n), estriol, ipriflavone (ip
riflavone), disodium pamidronate (pamidronate)
disodium), alendronate sodium hydrate (alen
dronate sodium hydrate) and incadronate disodium. Examples of anti-dementia drugs include tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine,
Galantamine and the like. Examples of erectile dysfunction improvers include apomorphin (apomorphin)
e), sildenafil citrate
And the like. Examples of the therapeutic agent for urinary incontinence and pollakiuria include flavoxate hydrochloride, oxybutynin hydrochloride, propiverine hydrochloride, and the like.

Furthermore, drugs which have been shown to improve cachexia in animal models and clinically, ie, cyclooxygenase inhibitors (eg, indomethacin etc.) [Cancer Research, Vol. 49, 5935-59.
39, 1989], progesterone derivatives (eg, megesterol acetate) [Journal of Clinical Oncolog
y), Vol. 12, pp. 213-225, 1994], carbohydrate steroids (eg, dexamethasone, etc.), metoclopramide drugs, tetrahydrocannabinol drugs (all references are as described above), fat metabolism improvers ( For example, eicosapentaenoic acid, etc.) [British Journal of Cancer, No. 68
314-318, 1993], growth hormone,
IGF-1 or TN, a factor that induces cachexia
Antibodies against F-α, LIF, IL-6, and oncostatin M can also be used in combination with the crystals of the present invention.

The above concomitant drugs may be used in combination of two or more kinds at an appropriate ratio. Preferred combinations when two or more concomitant drugs are used include, for example, the following. 1) Insulin sensitivity enhancer, insulin preparation and biguanide; 2) insulin sensitivity enhancer, insulin secretagogue (preferably sulfonylurea) and biguanide; 3) insulin sensitivity enhancer, insulin secretagogue (preferably sulfonylurea) )) And α-glucosidase inhibitors; 4) insulin sensitizers, biguanides and α
-Glucosidase inhibitors; 5) Insulin sensitivity enhancers, hypoglycemic agents and other diabetic complication treatment agents; 6) Insulin sensitivity enhancers and two other above agents; 7) Insulin sensitivity enhancers and insulin preparations; 8) an insulin sensitivity enhancer and an insulin secretagogue (preferably a sulfonylurea agent); 9) an insulin sensitivity enhancer and an α-glucosidase inhibitor; and 10) an insulin sensitivity enhancer and a biguanide agent. When the crystals or pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention are used in combination with other agents, the amounts of each agent can be reduced within a safe range in view of the adverse effects of those agents. In particular, the dose of an insulin sensitivity enhancer, an insulin secretagogue (preferably a sulfonylurea) and a biguanide can be reduced from the usual dose. Therefore, adverse effects that may be caused by these agents can be safely prevented. In addition, the dosage of diabetic complications, antihyperlipidemics, antihypertensives can be reduced, so that the adverse effects that may be caused by these agents can be effectively prevented.

[0035]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Reference Examples, Examples, Formulation Examples and Test Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In the following Reference Examples and Examples,% indicates percent by weight unless otherwise specified. The powder X-ray crystal diffraction data was obtained using a Cu-Kα ₁ ray (tube voltage: 40 KV;
(Ramp current: 40 mA) and RINT1100 type (Rigaku Corporation).

[0036]

Reference Example 1 Boron hydride was added to a solution of 4- (5-methyl-2-phenyl-4-oxazolylmethoxy) benzaldehyde (33.42 g) in methanol (150 ml) -tetrahydrofuran (30 ml) at 0 ° C. Sodium (4.31 g) was added slowly. After stirring at room temperature for 30 minutes, water was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour. The precipitated 4- (5-
Crystal of methyl-2-phenyl-4-oxazolylmethoxy) benzyl alcohol (32.85 g, 98% yield)
Was filtered. Recrystallization from ethyl acetate-diethyl ether gave pale yellow crystals. 128-129 ° C.

Reference Example 2 To a solution of 4- (5-methyl-2-phenyl-4-oxazolylmethoxy) benzyl alcohol (5.00 g) in toluene (40 ml) was added thionyl chloride (1.85 ml), and the mixture was stirred at room temperature. For 30 minutes. Ice water was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer is washed with water,
After drying (MgSO ₄ ), the mixture was concentrated to obtain crystals of 4- (4-chloromethylphenoxymethyl) -5-methyl-2-phenyloxazole (5.23 g, yield 99%). Recrystallization from ethyl acetate-hexane gave colorless crystals. 108-109 ° C.

Reference Example 3 A mixture of methyl 3-benzoylpropionate (15.0 g), hydroxylamine hydrochloride (6.50 g), sodium acetate (9.60 g) and methanol (150 ml) was heated under reflux for 8 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated, water was added to the residue, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer
After washing with water, drying (MgSO ₄ ), and concentration. The residue was subjected to silica gel column chromatography, and ethyl acetate-
From the hexane (1: 3, volume ratio) elution part, (E) -4-
Methyl hydroxyimino-4-phenylbutyrate (14.7
g, yield 91%) as an oil. NMR (CDCl ₃ ) δ: 2.58-2.67 (2H, m), 3.09-3.17 (2H, m),
3.66 (3H, s), 7.35-7.44 (3H, m), 7.56-7.67 (2H, m),
8.00-8.80 (1H, br s).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 4 Sodium hydride (60%, oily, 127 mg) was mixed with methyl (E) -4-hydroxyimino-4-phenylbutyrate (661 mg) and 4- (4-chloromethylphenoxymethyl) under a nitrogen atmosphere. ) -5-Methyl-2-phenyloxazole (1.00 g) was added to a solution of N, N-dimethylformamide (10 ml) at room temperature and stirred for 1 hour.
After 1N hydrochloric acid (5 ml) was added, aqueous sodium bicarbonate was added, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was washed with saturated saline, dried (MgSO ₄ ), and concentrated. The residue was subjected to silica gel column chromatography, and an oil was obtained from a fraction eluted with ethyl acetate-hexane (1: 3, volume ratio). This was added to tetrahydrofuran (10 ml) -methanol (5
ml), and 1N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (5 m
l) was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours. 1N hydrochloric acid (5.5 ml) was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was washed with saturated saline and dried (Mg
After SO ₄ ), the mixture was concentrated. The remaining crystals were recrystallized from ethyl acetate-hexane to give (E) -4- [4- (5-methyl-2-phenyl-4-oxazolylmethoxy) benzyloxyimino] -4-phenylbutyric acid as colorless crystals. (907
mg, yield 60%). The powder X-ray crystal diffraction pattern is shown in FIG. 126-127 ° C (decomposition). Elemental analysis Theory: C, 71.47; H, 5.57; N, 5.95 Found: C, 71.51; H, 5.55; N, 5.88 X-ray powder crystal diffraction data Folding angle: 2θ (°) Plane spacing: d value (in ゛) 5.98 14.8 10.7 8.28 12.1 7.30 18.0 4.93 21.0 4.23 24.6 3.62

Example 1 Sodium hydride (60%, oily, 3.00 g) was mixed with methyl (E) -4-hydroxyimino-4-phenylbutyrate (15.5 g) and 4- (4- A solution of (chloromethylphenoxymethyl) -5-methyl-2-phenyloxazole (23.5 g) in N, N-dimethylformamide (100 ml) was added at 0 ° C., and the mixture was stirred for 2 hours. After neutralization with 1 N hydrochloric acid, aqueous sodium bicarbonate was added, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was washed with saturated saline,
After drying (MgSO ₄ ), the mixture was concentrated. The residue was subjected to silica gel column chromatography, and an oil was obtained from a fraction eluted with ethyl acetate-hexane (1: 3, volume ratio). This was added to tetrahydrofuran (100 ml) -methanol (50
dissolved in 2N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (50 ml).
ml) and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was neutralized with 1N hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer is washed with saturated saline and dried (MgSO ₄ )
Afterwards, it was concentrated. The remaining crystals were recrystallized from ethyl acetate-hexane to give (E) -4- [4- (5-methyl-2-phenyl-4-oxazolylmethoxy) benzyloxyimino] -4-phenylbutyric acid as colorless crystals. (24.5 g, 86% yield). A part (500 mg) of this crystal was dissolved in ethanol (5 ml) under heating, cooled to 0 ° C., and the precipitated crystal was collected.
(466) showing a powder X-ray crystal diffraction pattern such as
mg). 137-138 ° C. Elemental analysis Theory: C, 71.47; H, 5.57; N, 5.95 Found: C, 71.46; H, 5.59; N, 5.94 Data from powder X-ray crystal diffraction Folding angle: 2θ (°) Plane spacing: d value (in kb) 5.04 17.5 9.92 8.91 11.3 7.81 14.8 5.98 19.1 4.65 20.7 4.29 21.7 4.09 25.1 3.54

Formulation Example 1 (Manufacture of capsules) 1) Crystals of Example 1 30 mg 2) Fine powdered cellulose 10 mg 3) Lactose 19 mg 4) Magnesium stearate 1 mg Total 60 mg 1), 2), 3) And 4) are mixed and filled into a gelatin capsule.

Formulation Example 2 (tablet production) 1) 30 g of the crystals of Example 1 2) lactose 50 g 3) corn starch 15 g 4) calcium carboxymethylcellulose 44 g 5) magnesium stearate 1 g 1000 tablets total 140 g The total amount of 1), 2) and 3) and 30 g of 4) are kneaded with water, dried under vacuum, and sized. 14 g of 4) and 1 g of 5) are mixed with the sized powder and tableted with a tableting machine. Thus, 30 mg of the crystal of Example 1 per tablet
To obtain 1,000 tablets.

Formulation Example 3 (Production of film tablet) [Production of coating agent] In 4859.1 g of purified water, 403.4 g of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 2910 (TC-5) and 81.0 g of polyethylene glycol 6000 were dissolved. 54.0 g of titanium oxide and 1.620 g of yellow iron sesquioxide were dispersed in the obtained solution,
A coating was produced. [Preparation of naked tablet] Compound A 576.0 g, lactose 2513 g, corn starch 356.4 g and croscarmellose sodium 217.8 g were placed in a fluidized bed granulator / dryer (manufactured by Powrex), preheated and mixed, and hydroxypropyl cellulose 138.6 g was mixed.
1963 g of an aqueous solution in which was dissolved was sprayed and granulated. 3590 g of the obtained granulated powder was passed through a power mill (manufactured by Showa Kagaku Kikai Kosakusho) to give a sized powder. 3432 g of sized powder obtained, 125.1 g of corn starch and magnesium stearate 1
7.88 g was mixed with a tumbler mixer (manufactured by Showa Kagaku Kikai Kosakusho), and 3410 g of the resulting mixed powder was tableted with a tableting machine (manufactured by Kikusui Seisakusho) to obtain naked tablets. [Manufacture of film-coated tablets] 27000 bare tablets obtained
The tablets were sprayed with the above coating agent in a film coating machine (manufactured by Powrex) to obtain 27,000 film-coated tablets of the following formulation containing 16.0 mg of compound A per tablet. Tablet formulation (composition per tablet): (Natural tablet) 1) Compound A 16.0 mg 2) Lactose 69.8 mg 3) Maize starch 13.75 mg 4) Croscarmellose sodium 6.05 mg 5) Hydroxypropyl cellulose 3. 85 mg 6) Magnesium stearate 0.55 mg Total 110.0 mg (Film component) 7) Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910 2.988 mg 8) Polyethylene glycol 6000 0.6 mg 9) Titanium oxide 0.4 mg 10) Yellow iron sesquioxide 0.012 mg 114.0mg in total

Formulation Example 4 (Production of Film Tablets) [Production of Naked Tablets] The amounts of Compound A and lactose used were
Except for using 144.0 g and 2945 g, 27,000 film-coated tablets of the following formulation containing 4.0 mg of compound A per tablet were obtained in the same manner as in Preparation Example 3. Tablet formulation (composition per tablet): (naked tablet) 1) Compound A 4.0 mg 2) Lactose 81.8 mg 3) Maize starch 13.75 mg 4) Croscarmellose sodium 6.05 mg 5) Hydroxypropyl cellulose 3. 85 mg 6) Magnesium stearate 0.55 mg Total 110.0 mg (Film component) 7) Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910 2.988 mg 8) Polyethylene glycol 6000 0.6 mg 9) Titanium oxide 0.4 mg 10) Yellow iron sesquioxide 0.012 mg 114.0mg in total

Formulation Example 5 (Manufacture of film tablet) [Manufacture of naked tablet] The amounts of Compound A and lactose used were
Except for 36.0 g and 3053 g, in the same manner as in Preparation Example 3,
27,000 film-coated tablets of the following formulation containing 1.0 mg of compound A per tablet were obtained. Tablet formulation (composition per tablet): (naked tablet) 1) Compound A 1.0 mg 2) Lactose 84.8 mg 3) Maize starch 13.75 mg 4) Croscarmellose sodium 6.05 mg 5) Hydroxypropyl cellulose 3. 85 mg 6) Magnesium stearate 0.55 mg Total 110.0 mg (Film component) 7) Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910 2.988 mg 8) Polyethylene glycol 6000 0.6 mg 9) Titanium oxide 0.4 mg 10) Yellow iron sesquioxide 0.012 mg 114.0mg in total

Formulation Example 6 (Production of film tablet) [Production of coating agent] 484.4 g of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 2910 (TC-5) is dissolved in 4859.1 g of purified water. 54.0 g of titanium oxide and 1.620 g of yellow iron sesquioxide are dispersed in the obtained solution to produce a coating agent. [Production of film-coated tablet] The coating agent was sprayed on 27,000 uncoated tablets obtained in Formulation Example 3 in a film coating machine (manufactured by Powrex), and compound A1 per tablet was sprayed.
270 film-coated tablets of the following formulation containing 6.0 mg
Get 00 tablets. Tablet formulation (composition per tablet): (Natural tablet) 1) Compound A 16.0 mg 2) Lactose 69.8 mg 3) Maize starch 13.75 mg 4) Croscarmellose sodium 6.05 mg 5) Hydroxypropyl cellulose 3. 85 mg 6) Magnesium stearate 0.55 mg Total 110.0 mg (Film component) 7) Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 2910 3.588 mg 8) Titanium oxide 0.4 mg 9) Yellow iron sesquioxide 0.012 mg Total 114.0 mg

Formulation Example 7 (Production of film tablet) 27,000 film-coated tablets of the following formulation containing 4.0 mg of compound A per tablet in the same manner as in Formulation Example 4 except that the coating agent obtained in Formulation Example 6 is used. Get. Tablet formulation (composition per tablet): (naked tablet) 1) Compound A 4.0 mg 2) Lactose 81.8 mg 3) Maize starch 13.75 mg 4) Croscarmellose sodium 6.05 mg 5) Hydroxypropyl cellulose 3. 85 mg 6) Magnesium stearate 0.55 mg Total 110.0 mg (Film component) 7) Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 2910 3.588 mg 8) Titanium oxide 0.4 mg 9) Yellow iron sesquioxide 0.012 mg Total 114.0 mg

Formulation Example 8 (Production of film tablet) 27,000 film-coated tablets of the following formulation containing 1.0 mg of compound A per tablet in the same manner as in Formulation Example 5 except that the coating agent obtained in Formulation Example 6 is used. Get. Tablet formulation (composition per tablet): (naked tablet) 1) Compound A 1.0 mg 2) Lactose 84.8 mg 3) Maize starch 13.75 mg 4) Croscarmellose sodium 6.05 mg 5) Hydroxypropyl cellulose 3. 85 mg 6) Magnesium stearate 0.55 mg Total 110.0 mg (Film component) 7) Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 2910 3.588 mg 8) Titanium oxide 0.4 mg 9) Yellow iron sesquioxide 0.012 mg Total 114.0 mg

Test Example 1 Blood Glucose and Neutral Fat in Blood (Triglyceride) in Mice
Lowering effect Test compound crystals in powder feed (CE-2, CLEA Japan)
Were given at a ratio of 0.01% to KKA ^y mice (11 weeks old, 5 mice per group), which are obesity and type 2 diabetes models, for 4 days. Water was provided ad libitum during this time. Blood was collected from the fundus venous plexus, and the components were measured using plasma. Glucose was quantified using L-type Wako Glu2 (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), and triglyceride was quantified using Iatro-MA701TG kit (Yatron). The value of the group to which the test compound was administered with the crystal was expressed as a decrease rate (%) of the group to which the test compound was not administered with the crystal. Test compound crystals Hypoglycemic effect (%) Blood lipid lowering effect (%) Crystal of Reference Example 4 42 61

Test Example 2 Blood Glucose and Blood Neutral Fat (Triglyceride) Lowering Action in Rats Crystals of the test compound were suspended at a ratio of 1 mg / 5 ml in a 0.5% methylcellulose solution to obtain an obesity / type 2 diabetes model W
1mg / kg daily for istar fatty rats (27-30 weeks old, 5 rats per group)
Gavage at a rate of / day for 7 days. Food and water were provided ad libitum during this time. Blood was collected from the tail vein and components were measured using plasma. Glucose is L-type Wako Glu2
(Wako Pure Chemical Industries), triglyceride is L-type Wako TG
H (Wako Pure Chemical Industries). The value of the test compound in the group to which the crystal was administered is the decrease rate (%) of the group in which the test compound was not administered to the crystal.
It was expressed by. Test compound crystals Hypoglycemic effect (%) Blood lipid lowering effect (%) Crystal of Example 1 60 85 As described above, the crystal of the present invention has an excellent blood glucose lowering effect and blood lipid lowering effect, and is useful as a preventive / therapeutic agent for diabetes, hyperlipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance and the like.

Test Example 3 5 × 10 ⁶ COS-1 cells were placed in a 150 cm ² tissue culture flask.
The cells were seeded and cultured for 24 hours at 37 ° C. under 5% CO ₂ . Transfection was performed using Lipofectamine (Lifetech Oriental). That is, 125 μl of Lipofectamine, 100 μl of PLUS Reagent, nuclear receptor expression plasmid hPPARγ expression plasmid and hRX
2.5 μg each of Rα expression plasmid, 5 μg of reporter plasmid, 5 μg of pRL-CMV (Promega), 25 ml of opti-MEM
(Lifetech Oriental) to prepare a transfection mixture. 25 ml of the transfection mixture was added to COS-1 cells, and the cells were cultured at 37 ° C. under 5% CO ₂ for 3 hours. Next, 25 ml of DMEM medium (Niken Institute of Biomedical Research) containing 0.1% BSA (containing no fatty acid) (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)
The cells were added, and the cells were further cultured at 37 ° C. under 5% CO ₂ for 24 hours. Harvest transfected cells and add 0.1% BS
96 well white plate (Corning) after suspending in DMEM medium (Nikken Biomedical Research Institute) containing A (without fatty acid) (Wako)
90 μl (2 × 10 ⁴ cells) was dispensed to each well. Then, 10
In the presence or absence of μM pioglitazone, 10 μl of Compound A (final concentration: 1 nM to 10 μM) was added, and 48 hours, 37 hours
The cells were cultured at 5 ° C. and 5% CO ₂ . 96well white plate
(Corning) After removing the medium, pickagene LT7.5
Was added, and after stirring, 1420 ARVO Multilabel Counte
Luciferase activity was measured using r (wallac). From the obtained luciferase activity, the fold induction was calculated when the luciferase activity of the control group to which no compound was added was set to 1. The results are shown in FIG. In the figure, ● represents a compound A treatment group, and □ represents a compound A and pioglitazone treatment group. The induction magnification indicates the average value ± standard error (SE) (n = 3). As shown in FIG. 3, the maximum fold induction of compound A is about 45% of the maximum fold induction of pioglitazone, which is a PPARγ agonist. Therefore, compound A is a partial agonist of PPARγ. Compound A is a partial antagonist because compound A suppresses activation by 10 μM pioglitazone up to the maximum induction factor of compound A in a concentration-dependent manner.

[0052]

The crystals of the present invention are stable, have excellent antidiabetic activity, have low toxicity, and are useful as pharmaceuticals.
In addition, the crystals of the present invention are excellent in physicochemical properties (eg, melting point, solubility, stability, etc.) and biological properties (eg, pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion), drug efficacy, etc.). It is extremely useful as a medicine.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a powder X-ray crystal diffraction pattern of the crystal obtained in Reference Example 4.

2 shows a powder X-ray crystal diffraction pattern of the crystal obtained in Example 1. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a concentration-dependent curve showing the hPPARγ induction fold of Compound A in the presence or absence of pioglitazone, a PPARγ agonist.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) A61P 29/00 A61P 29/00 43/00 43/00

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A crystal of (E) -4- [4- (5-methyl-2-phenyl-4-oxazolylmethoxy) benzyloxyimino] -4-phenylbutyric acid (provided that 126-1)
Except for crystals with a melting point of 27 ° C.). 2. The crystal of claim 1 having a melting point of about 136 ° C to about 139 ° C. 3. Plane spacing (d value) by powder X-ray crystal diffraction
(E) -4- [4- (5-) showing a diffraction pattern having characteristic peaks at about 17.5 and about 6.0 angstroms.
Crystals of methyl-2-phenyl-4-oxazolylmethoxy) benzyloxyimino] -4-phenylbutyric acid. 4. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the crystal according to claim 1. 5. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 4, which is an agent for preventing or treating diabetes. 6. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 4, which is a preventive or therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia. (7) a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for impaired glucose tolerance;
A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1. (8) a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for an inflammatory disease;
A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1. 9. A method for preventing or treating arteriosclerosis according to claim 4.
A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1. 10. A retinoid-related receptor function regulator comprising the crystal according to claim 1. 11. The agent according to claim 109, which is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligand. 12. The agent according to claim 10, which is a retinoid X receptor ligand. 13. The method according to claim 4, which is an insulin sensitivity enhancer.
A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1. (14) a pharmaceutical composition which is an insulin sensitizer;
A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1.