JP2001190920A - Method and apparatus for treating exhaust gas - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for treating exhaust gasInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001190920A JP2001190920A JP2000003640A JP2000003640A JP2001190920A JP 2001190920 A JP2001190920 A JP 2001190920A JP 2000003640 A JP2000003640 A JP 2000003640A JP 2000003640 A JP2000003640 A JP 2000003640A JP 2001190920 A JP2001190920 A JP 2001190920A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- temperature
- cooling air
- dust collection
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、例えばごみ焼却炉
や産業廃棄物焼却炉から排出された焼却灰，飛灰の溶融
等により発生する排ガスを大気中に放出可能な状態に処
理する排ガス処理装置および排ガス処理方法に関するも
のである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment for treating exhaust gas generated by melting of incineration ash and fly ash discharged from, for example, a waste incinerator or an industrial waste incinerator so that the exhaust gas can be released into the atmosphere. The present invention relates to an apparatus and an exhaust gas treatment method.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、都市ごみなどの焼却炉から排出さ
れる焼却残渣や飛灰等の減容化および無害化を図るた
め、焼却残渣等の溶融固化処理方法が注目されている。
この焼却残渣は、溶融固化することにより容積が１／２
〜１／３に減少するとともに、重金属等の有害物質の溶
出防止や溶融スラグの再利用、最終埋立処分場の延命等
が可能になるからである。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in order to reduce the volume and detoxify incineration residues and fly ash discharged from incinerators such as municipal solid wastes, a method of melting and solidifying incineration residues has attracted attention.
The volume of this incineration residue is reduced to 1/2 by melting and solidifying.
This is because it is possible to reduce to に, prevent elution of harmful substances such as heavy metals, reuse molten slag, and extend the life of the final landfill site.
【０００３】前述の焼却残渣等の溶融固化処理方法とし
ては、プラズマアーク炉，アーク炉や電気抵抗炉等を用
いて電気エネルギーによって溶融固化する方法と、表面
溶融炉，旋回溶融炉やコークスベッド炉等を用いて燃料
の燃焼エネルギーによって溶融固化する方法とが多く利
用されている。このうち電気エネルギーを用いる方法
は、都市ごみ処理設備に発電設備が併置されている場合
に、また燃焼エネルギーを用いる方法は発電設備が併置
されていない場合にそれぞれ多く採用されている。[0003] As a method of melting and solidifying the above-mentioned incineration residue and the like, a method of melting and solidifying by electric energy using a plasma arc furnace, an arc furnace, an electric resistance furnace or the like, a surface melting furnace, a rotary melting furnace, a coke bed furnace, and the like. A method of melting and solidifying the fuel by the combustion energy of the fuel by using such a method is often used. Of these, the method using electric energy is often used when a power generation facility is installed in a municipal solid waste treatment facility, and the method using combustion energy is often used when no power generation facility is used.
【０００４】このような灰の溶融によって発生する排ガ
スは、灰溶融炉から排ガス処理装置に供給され、この排
ガス処理装置により大気中に放出可能な状態に処理され
て大気中に放出される。前記排ガス処理装置は、前記溶
融炉から供給される排ガス中の未燃分を完全燃焼させる
燃焼室と、この燃焼室にて完全燃焼された排ガスに水噴
霧装置によって水噴霧させることによりおよび冷却用空
気供給装置によって冷却用空気が供給されることにより
排ガス温度を低下させる減温室と、この減温室にて温度
低下させた排ガス中のダストを捕捉する集塵室とを備
え、この集塵室を通過する排ガスが誘引通風機を通って
煙突から大気中へ放出される構成にされている。The exhaust gas generated by the melting of the ash is supplied from an ash melting furnace to an exhaust gas treatment device, processed by the exhaust gas treatment device into a state capable of being released into the atmosphere, and released into the atmosphere. The exhaust gas treatment device is provided with a combustion chamber for completely burning unburned components in the exhaust gas supplied from the melting furnace, and a water spray device for spraying the exhaust gas completely burned in the combustion chamber with a water spray device. A cooling chamber that reduces the temperature of the exhaust gas by supplying cooling air by an air supply device, and a dust collection chamber that captures dust in the exhaust gas whose temperature has been reduced in the cooling chamber, includes a dust collection chamber. Exhaust gas passing therethrough is discharged to the atmosphere from a chimney through an induction ventilator.
【０００５】前記集塵室は、内部に配設される濾布によ
り排ガス中のダストが捕捉されるように構成されている
が、この濾布は集塵室内に供給される排ガス温度が２５
０℃を越えると焼けてしまう。このため、集塵室に供給
される排ガス温度が２００℃以下となるように、排ガス
中に水または冷却用空気を供給して、その温度を低下さ
せている。また、このように集塵室前の排ガス温度を２
００℃以下に制御すれば、集塵室内でのダイオキシンの
２次生成を防止できる。The dust collecting chamber is configured such that dust in exhaust gas is trapped by a filter cloth disposed inside. The filter cloth has an exhaust gas temperature of 25% supplied to the dust collecting chamber.
If it exceeds 0 ° C, it will burn. For this reason, water or cooling air is supplied to the exhaust gas so that the temperature of the exhaust gas supplied to the dust collection chamber is 200 ° C. or lower, and the temperature is reduced. In addition, the exhaust gas temperature in front of the dust collection chamber is reduced by 2
If the temperature is controlled to 00 ° C. or lower, secondary generation of dioxin in the dust collection chamber can be prevented.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、前記集
塵室は通常灰溶融炉から排出される最大排ガス量に設定
した大きさで設計されているため、前述のように集塵室
入口側の排ガス温度のみを制御するだけでは、例えば少
量の排ガスをその集塵室に供給して集塵処理を行う場合
に前記集塵室内での排ガスの放熱が大きくなり、集塵室
出口付近の排ガス温度が集塵室入口付近の排ガス温度に
比較して大きく低下してしまう。前記排ガス中にはＳＯ
３やＨＣｌなどの低温腐食成分が含有されているため、
前述のように排ガスの温度が大きく低下してしまうと集
塵室下流側のダクト，誘引通風機等の系統内に低温腐食
を発生させてしまうという問題点がある。特に、電気エ
ネルギーを用いる溶融炉では、その灰溶融炉に投入され
る灰中の可燃分量によって排ガス量が大きく変化するた
め、前述のような問題点が顕著に現れる。However, since the dust collection chamber is designed to have a size set to the maximum amount of exhaust gas normally discharged from the ash melting furnace, as described above, the exhaust gas at the entrance side of the dust collection chamber is designed as described above. Only by controlling the temperature, for example, when performing a dust collection process by supplying a small amount of exhaust gas to the dust collection chamber, the heat radiation of the exhaust gas in the dust collection chamber increases, and the exhaust gas temperature near the outlet of the dust collection chamber increases. The temperature greatly decreases as compared with the exhaust gas temperature near the entrance of the dust collection chamber. SO in the exhaust gas
Because it contains low-temperature corrosion components such as 3 and HCl,
As described above, when the temperature of the exhaust gas is significantly reduced, there is a problem that low-temperature corrosion is generated in a system such as a duct or an induction ventilator on the downstream side of the dust collection chamber. In particular, in a melting furnace using electric energy, the amount of exhaust gas greatly changes depending on the amount of combustible components in the ash supplied to the ash melting furnace, so that the above-described problems are prominent.
【０００７】本発明は、このような問題点を解消するた
めになされたもので、集塵室から排出される排ガスの温
度低下を抑制して、集塵室下流側の系統内に低温腐食が
発生するのを抑制する排ガス処理装置および排ガス処理
方法を提供することを目的とするものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and suppresses a decrease in the temperature of exhaust gas discharged from a dust collection chamber so that low-temperature corrosion occurs in a system downstream of the dust collection chamber. An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas treatment apparatus and an exhaust gas treatment method that suppress generation of the exhaust gas.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段および作用・効果】前述さ
れた目的を達成するために、第１発明による排ガス処理
方法（請求項１に係る発明）は、排ガスを完全燃焼させ
て、その排ガスに水を噴霧して温度を低下させた後、そ
の排ガス中に含まれるダストを集塵して大気中に放出す
る排ガス処理方法において、前記集塵後の排ガスの温
度，流量または圧力のいずれかを検出して、その検出値
が所定値より低いもしくは少ない場合に前記完全燃焼後
でかつ集塵前の排ガス中に供給する冷却用空気を増量し
て、前記所定値より高いもしくは多い場合にはその冷却
用空気を減量または０にするとともに、前記冷却用空気
の供給および水噴霧終了後でかつ集塵前の排ガスの温度
を検出して、その検出値が所定値より低い場合に水噴霧
量を減少または０にして、前記所定値より高い場合に水
噴霧量を増加することを特徴とするものである。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the exhaust gas treatment method according to the first invention (the invention according to claim 1) completely burns the exhaust gas and converts the exhaust gas into the exhaust gas. In an exhaust gas treatment method in which water is sprayed to lower the temperature and then dust contained in the exhaust gas is collected and released to the atmosphere, any one of the temperature, flow rate or pressure of the exhaust gas after the collection is determined. When the detected value is lower or lower than a predetermined value, the amount of cooling air supplied to the exhaust gas after the complete combustion and before dust collection is increased, and when the detected value is higher or higher than the predetermined value, The cooling air is reduced or reduced to zero, and the temperature of the exhaust gas is detected after the supply of the cooling air and the completion of the water spray and before the dust collection, and when the detected value is lower than a predetermined value, the water spray amount is reduced. Decrease or to zero Te, and it is characterized in that to increase the water spray amount is higher than the predetermined value.
【０００９】本発明によれば、冷却用空気量および水噴
霧量を制御して集塵前の排ガス温度を所定値以下に保持
しつつ集塵後の排ガス温度が大きく低下するのを抑制す
ることができるため、前記集塵後の系統内で低温腐食が
発生するを抑制することができるという効果を奏する。
また、被処理排ガスの供給量に関わらず、略一定量の排
ガスを集塵処理することができるため、安定した運転が
可能となるという効果を奏する。According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress a large decrease in the exhaust gas temperature after dust collection while controlling the cooling air amount and the water spray amount to keep the exhaust gas temperature before dust collection below a predetermined value. Therefore, there is an effect that generation of low-temperature corrosion in the system after the dust collection can be suppressed.
In addition, since a substantially constant amount of exhaust gas can be subjected to the dust collection process regardless of the supply amount of the exhaust gas to be treated, there is an effect that stable operation can be performed.
【００１０】次に、第２発明による排ガス処理装置（請
求項２に係る発明）は、排ガスを完全燃焼させて、その
排ガス中に含まれるダストを集塵した後、大気中に放出
する排ガス処理装置において、（ａ）前記排ガスを完全
燃焼させる燃焼室と、（ｂ）この燃焼室の下流側に配さ
れ、水を噴霧させて排ガス温度を低下させる減温室と、
（ｃ）この減温室の下流側に配され、前記ダストを集塵
する集塵室と、（ｄ）この集塵室の下流側に配され、排
ガスを大気中に放出する煙突と、（ｅ）前記燃焼室の下
流側で、かつ集塵室の上流側に冷却用空気を供給する冷
却用空気供給手段と、（ｆ）この冷却用空気供給手段の
下流側で、かつ前記減温室の下流側で、かつ集塵室の上
流側を流通する排ガス温度を検出して、その検出値に基
づいて前記減温室に供給する水噴霧量を調整する水噴霧
量制御手段と、（ｇ）前記集塵室の下流側を流通する排
ガスの温度，流量または圧力のいずれかを検出して、そ
の検出値に基づいて前記冷却用空気の供給量を調整する
冷却用空気制御手段とを備えることを特徴とするもので
ある。Next, an exhaust gas treating apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention (an invention according to claim 2) is an exhaust gas treating apparatus in which exhaust gas is completely burned, dust contained in the exhaust gas is collected, and then discharged into the atmosphere. In the apparatus, (a) a combustion chamber for completely burning the exhaust gas, and (b) a temperature decreasing chamber disposed downstream of the combustion chamber and spraying water to lower the exhaust gas temperature,
(C) a dust collecting chamber disposed downstream of the temperature reducing chamber and collecting the dust, (d) a chimney disposed downstream of the dust collecting chamber and discharging exhaust gas to the atmosphere, (e). Cooling air supply means for supplying cooling air downstream of the combustion chamber and upstream of the dust collection chamber; and (f) downstream of the cooling air supply means and downstream of the temperature reduction chamber. Water spray amount control means for detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing on the upstream side of the dust collection chamber and adjusting the amount of water spray supplied to the temperature reduction chamber based on the detected value. Cooling air control means for detecting any one of the temperature, flow rate and pressure of the exhaust gas flowing downstream of the dust chamber and adjusting the supply amount of the cooling air based on the detected value. It is assumed that.
【００１１】本発明においては、燃焼室内で排ガスを完
全燃焼させた後、減温室にてその排ガスの温度を低下さ
せて集塵室に供給し、その集塵室内でダスト除去を行っ
てから、大気に放出するようにされており、前記集塵室
の下流側を流通する排ガスの温度，流量または圧力のい
ずれかを検出してその検出値に基づいて前記燃焼室の下
流側でかつ集塵室の上流側に供給される冷却用空気の供
給量が制御され、前記集塵室に供給される排ガスの温度
を検出してその検出値に基づいて前記減温室内に供給さ
れる水噴霧量が制御される。このように、前記冷却用空
気の供給量および水噴霧量を制御して、集塵室入口側の
排ガス温度と集塵室出口側の排ガス温度とが制御され
る。In the present invention, after the exhaust gas is completely burned in the combustion chamber, the temperature of the exhaust gas is lowered in the temperature reduction chamber and supplied to the dust collection chamber, and dust is removed in the dust collection chamber. The temperature, the flow rate, or the pressure of exhaust gas flowing downstream of the dust collection chamber is detected, and the temperature, the flow rate, or the pressure of exhaust gas flowing downstream of the dust collection chamber is detected. The supply amount of cooling air supplied to the upstream side of the chamber is controlled, the temperature of exhaust gas supplied to the dust collection chamber is detected, and the amount of water spray supplied to the temperature reduction chamber based on the detected value is detected. Is controlled. As described above, the supply amount of the cooling air and the water spray amount are controlled to control the exhaust gas temperature on the dust collection chamber entrance side and the exhaust gas temperature on the dust collection chamber exit side.
【００１２】本発明によれば、集塵室入口側の温度を一
定値以下に保持しつつ、集塵室出口側の排ガス温度が大
きく低下するのが抑制されるため、前記集塵室より下流
側での系統内に低温腐食が発生するを抑制することがで
きるという効果を奏する。また、燃焼室内に供給される
排ガス量に応じて水噴霧量と冷却用空気との供給割合を
調整でき、集塵室下流側の低温腐食をより確実に防止す
ることができるという効果を奏する。According to the present invention, the temperature of the exhaust gas at the outlet of the dust collection chamber is suppressed from greatly decreasing while the temperature at the entrance of the dust collection chamber is maintained at a certain value or less. This has the effect of suppressing the occurrence of low-temperature corrosion in the system on the side. Further, the supply ratio between the water spray amount and the cooling air can be adjusted in accordance with the amount of exhaust gas supplied into the combustion chamber, and there is an effect that low-temperature corrosion on the downstream side of the dust collection chamber can be more reliably prevented.
【００１３】本発明においては、前記冷却用空気制御手
段は、前記排ガスの温度，流量または圧力のいずれかの
検出値が所定値より低いもしくは少ない場合に冷却用空
気量を増加して、前記所定値より高いもしくは多い場合
に冷却用空気量を減少または０にするものであるのが好
ましい（請求項３に係る発明）。こうすることにより集
塵室内に供給される排ガス量を略一定に保つことができ
る。したがって、装置全体の安定した運転が可能となる
という効果を奏する。In the present invention, the cooling air control means increases the amount of cooling air when any of the detected values of the temperature, the flow rate, and the pressure of the exhaust gas is lower or lower than a predetermined value. It is preferable that the cooling air amount is reduced or set to 0 when the value is higher or higher than the value (the invention according to claim 3). By doing so, the amount of exhaust gas supplied into the dust collection chamber can be kept substantially constant. Therefore, there is an effect that stable operation of the entire apparatus becomes possible.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の実施の形態】次に、本発明による排ガス処理方
法および排ガス処理装置の具体的な実施の形態につき、
図面を参照しつつ説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, specific embodiments of the exhaust gas treatment method and the exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to the present invention will be described.
This will be described with reference to the drawings.
【００１５】図１には、本発明の一実施例に係る排ガス
処理装置の構成を説明する概略図が示されている。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.
【００１６】本実施例の排ガス処理装置１は、溶融炉２
から発生する排ガスの流路上流から順に、前記溶融炉２
から排出された排ガス中の未燃分を完全燃焼させる燃焼
室３と、前記燃焼室３にて完全燃焼された排ガスの温度
を低下させる減温室４と、この減温室４にて温度低下さ
れた排ガス中のダストを捕捉する集塵室５と、この集塵
室５を通過した排ガスを吸引して煙突６から大気中へ放
出させる誘引通風機７とにより構成されている。The exhaust gas treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment includes a melting furnace 2
From the upstream of the flow path of the exhaust gas generated from
A combustion chamber 3 for completely combusting the unburned components in the exhaust gas discharged from the furnace, a temperature reducing chamber 4 for lowering the temperature of the exhaust gas completely burned in the combustion chamber 3, and a temperature reduction in the temperature reducing chamber 4. It is composed of a dust collection chamber 5 that captures dust in the exhaust gas, and an induction ventilator 7 that sucks the exhaust gas passing through the dust collection chamber 5 and discharges the exhaust gas from a chimney 6 to the atmosphere.
【００１７】前記溶融炉２においては、前工程での焼却
炉（図示省略）で生成された焼却灰や飛灰などの被溶融
物がホッパ２ａ内に投入され、このホッパ２ａの底部に
設けられる灰供給装置２ｂにより被溶融物が溶融炉本体
２ｃ内に連続的に供給される。前記溶融炉本体２ｃは、
不活性ガス（窒素ガス）が供給されて還元性雰囲気に保
持されており、この溶融炉本体２ｃ内に供給された被溶
融物はプラズマアーク放電による発生熱により、その溶
融点（１２００℃〜１３００℃）を超える１３００℃〜
１５００℃の高温度まで加熱されて溶融される。こうし
て溶融炉本体２ｃに供給される被溶融物は順次溶融スラ
グとされ、スラグ水冷槽（図示省略）に溢流するように
構成されている。In the melting furnace 2, a material to be melted such as incineration ash or fly ash generated in an incinerator (not shown) in the preceding step is put into the hopper 2a and provided at the bottom of the hopper 2a. The material to be melted is continuously supplied into the melting furnace main body 2c by the ash supply device 2b. The melting furnace body 2c includes:
An inert gas (nitrogen gas) is supplied and maintained in a reducing atmosphere, and the material to be melted supplied into the melting furnace main body 2c is melted (1200 ° C. to 1300 ° C.) by heat generated by plasma arc discharge. 1300 ° C)
It is heated to a high temperature of 1500 ° C. and melted. The material to be melted supplied to the melting furnace main body 2c is sequentially formed into molten slag and overflows into a slag water cooling tank (not shown).
【００１８】前記被溶融物の溶融時に、それら被溶融物
の含有物によって一酸化炭素や水素等の未燃分が含まれ
る排ガスが発生し、この排ガスが溶融炉本体２ｃの炉頂
部付近に形成される排ガス通路２ｄを経て、燃焼室３へ
供給される。At the time of melting of the above-mentioned melted material, exhaust gas containing unburned components such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen is generated by the content of the melted material, and this exhaust gas is formed near the furnace top of the melting furnace main body 2c. The exhaust gas is supplied to the combustion chamber 3 through the exhaust gas passage 2d.
【００１９】前記燃焼室３の上流部には、その側面から
内部に上下２段に分けて１次燃焼用空気と２次燃焼用空
気とを供給する燃焼用空気供給装置８が設けられてい
る。また、前記燃焼室３には、下流部の酸素濃度を検出
して前記燃焼用空気供給装置８の１次燃焼用空気および
２次燃焼用空気の供給量を調整する燃焼用空気供給量制
御装置９が設けられている。An upstream portion of the combustion chamber 3 is provided with a combustion air supply device 8 which supplies primary combustion air and secondary combustion air in two stages vertically from the side thereof. . Further, in the combustion chamber 3, a combustion air supply amount control device for detecting the oxygen concentration in the downstream portion and adjusting the supply amounts of the primary combustion air and the secondary combustion air of the combustion air supply device 8 is provided. 9 are provided.
【００２０】前記溶融炉本体２ｃ内は不活性ガス（窒素
ガス）が供給されて還元性雰囲気に保持されており、燃
焼室３へ供給される排ガスにはほとんど酸素が含まれて
いないため、前記燃焼用空気供給量制御装置９により燃
焼室３の下流部の酸素濃度を検出し、その酸素濃度に応
じて燃焼用空気量を調整するようにすれば、最適な燃焼
用空気の供給量で排ガスを常に完全燃焼させることがで
きる。The inside of the melting furnace main body 2c is supplied with an inert gas (nitrogen gas) to be kept in a reducing atmosphere, and the exhaust gas supplied to the combustion chamber 3 contains almost no oxygen. If the oxygen concentration in the downstream portion of the combustion chamber 3 is detected by the combustion air supply amount control device 9 and the combustion air amount is adjusted in accordance with the oxygen concentration, the exhaust gas is supplied at the optimum combustion air supply amount. Can always be completely burned.
【００２１】前記減温室４には、そのやや上流部に側面
から内部に水を噴霧する水噴霧装置１０が設けられてお
り、前記燃焼室３から減温室４内部に供給された排ガス
に水噴霧装置１０から水を噴霧させてその温度を低下さ
せるようにしている。この水噴霧装置１０には、前記減
温室４の下流側でかつ集塵室５の上流側のガス通路内
（以下、第１検出位置Ｐという）を流通する排ガスの温
度を検出して水噴霧量を調整する水噴霧量制御装置（本
発明における水噴霧量制御手段に相当する。）１１が接
続されている。したがって、前記第１検出位置Ｐの排ガ
ス温度が設定値（本実施例では２００℃）を越える場合
は水噴霧装置１０による水噴霧量を増加させる。一方、
前記第１検出位置Ｐの排ガス温度が前記設定値より低い
場合は水噴霧装置１０による水噴霧量を減少させる。The cooling chamber 4 is provided with a water spraying device 10 for spraying water from the side to the inside at a slightly upstream portion, and water spraying is performed on the exhaust gas supplied from the combustion chamber 3 into the cooling chamber 4. The temperature is lowered by spraying water from the device 10. The water spray device 10 detects the temperature of exhaust gas flowing in a gas passage downstream of the temperature-reducing chamber 4 and upstream of the dust collection chamber 5 (hereinafter, referred to as a first detection position P) to perform water spray. A water spray amount control device (corresponding to water spray amount control means in the present invention) 11 for adjusting the amount is connected. Therefore, when the exhaust gas temperature at the first detection position P exceeds a set value (200 ° C. in the present embodiment), the water spray amount by the water spray device 10 is increased. on the other hand,
When the exhaust gas temperature at the first detection position P is lower than the set value, the water spray amount by the water spray device 10 is reduced.
【００２２】前記集塵室５は、複数個（本実施例では３
個）の除塵室５ａが並列配置されて構成されている。各
除塵室５ａ内部には、複数の濾布（図示省略）が配設さ
れており、これら濾布によって各除塵室５ａ内に供給さ
れた排ガス中のダストが除去される。通常、１つの除塵
室５ａの運転を停止させて除塵室５ａ内部の清掃すなわ
ち濾布からダストの払い落とし作業が行われ、残りの除
塵室５ａにより排ガスのダスト除去作業が行われ、一定
時間毎に運転を停止させる除塵室５ａが入れ換えられ
る。前記減温室４と集塵室５とのガス通路には、集塵室
５の入口付近でダンパを介して分岐通路（バイパス通
路）５ｂが設けられており、このバイパス通路５ｂは集
塵室５の出口側のガス通路に連結されている。このバイ
パス通路５ｂは、装置の立ち上げ時や集塵室内へ供給す
る排ガス温度が高すぎる場合等の排ガスの退避路として
用いられる。The plurality of dust collecting chambers 5 (3 in this embodiment)
) Dust removal chambers 5a are arranged in parallel. A plurality of filter cloths (not shown) are provided inside each dust removal chamber 5a, and dust in the exhaust gas supplied into each dust removal chamber 5a is removed by these filter cloths. Normally, the operation of one dust chamber 5a is stopped, the inside of the dust chamber 5a is cleaned, that is, dust is removed from the filter cloth, and the remaining dust chamber 5a performs dust removal of exhaust gas. Then, the dust removal chamber 5a for stopping the operation is replaced. A branch passage (bypass passage) 5b is provided in the gas passage between the temperature reduction chamber 4 and the dust collection chamber 5 through a damper near the entrance of the dust collection chamber 5, and the bypass passage 5b Is connected to the gas passage on the outlet side. The bypass passage 5b is used as an evacuation passage for exhaust gas when the apparatus is started up or when the temperature of exhaust gas supplied to the dust collection chamber is too high.
【００２３】また、前記減温室４−集塵室５間のガス通
路の第１検出位置Ｐ上流側に冷却用空気を供給する冷却
用空気供給装置１２が設けられている。この冷却用空気
供給装置（本発明における冷却用空気供給手段に相当す
る。）１２には、前記集塵室５の出口側のガス通路（第
２検出位置Ｑ）を通過する排ガスの温度を測定して前記
冷却用空気量を調整する冷却用空気量制御装置（本発明
における冷却用空気量制御手段に相当する。）１３が設
けられている。この冷却用空気量制御装置１３によれ
ば、前記第２検出位置Ｑの排ガス温度が設定値（本実施
例では１６０℃）より低い場合は冷却用空気量を増加さ
せる。一方、前記第２検出位置Ｑの排ガス温度が前記設
定値より高い場合は冷却用空気量を減少させる。こうし
て、集塵室５内に供給される排ガス量を略一定にして集
塵室５内での放熱を抑制する。また、第１検出位置Ｐで
の排ガス温度が水噴霧量の調整により略一定に制御され
ているため、第２検出位置Ｑでの排ガス温度が略一定と
なる。Further, a cooling air supply device 12 for supplying cooling air is provided upstream of the first detection position P in the gas passage between the temperature reduction chamber 4 and the dust collection chamber 5. This cooling air supply device (corresponding to cooling air supply means in the present invention) 12 measures the temperature of the exhaust gas passing through the gas passage (second detection position Q) on the outlet side of the dust collection chamber 5. A cooling air amount control device (corresponding to cooling air amount control means in the present invention) 13 for adjusting the cooling air amount is provided. According to the cooling air amount control device 13, when the exhaust gas temperature at the second detection position Q is lower than the set value (160 ° C. in the present embodiment), the cooling air amount is increased. On the other hand, when the exhaust gas temperature at the second detection position Q is higher than the set value, the cooling air amount is reduced. In this manner, the amount of exhaust gas supplied into the dust collection chamber 5 is made substantially constant, and heat radiation in the dust collection chamber 5 is suppressed. Further, since the exhaust gas temperature at the first detection position P is controlled to be substantially constant by adjusting the amount of water spray, the exhaust gas temperature at the second detection position Q becomes substantially constant.
【００２４】このように構成される排ガス処理装置１に
おいては、溶融炉本体２ｃから排出される高温で未燃分
（ＣＯやＨ２）を含む排ガスが排ガス通路を経て燃焼室
３内へ供給される。この燃焼室３では、燃焼用空気供給
量制御装置９によりその下流部の酸素濃度が検出され
て、その酸素濃度に応じて燃焼用空気供給装置８からそ
の上流部に約１０００℃の１次燃焼用空気および２次燃
焼用空気が供給され、前記排ガス中の未燃分を完全燃焼
させる。In the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 1 configured as described above, the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the melting furnace main body 2c and containing unburned components (CO and H 2 ) is supplied into the combustion chamber 3 through the exhaust gas passage. You. In the combustion chamber 3, the oxygen concentration in the downstream portion is detected by the combustion air supply amount control device 9, and the primary air of about 1000 ° C. is supplied from the combustion air supply device 8 to the upstream portion in accordance with the oxygen concentration. Supply air and secondary combustion air are supplied to completely burn unburned components in the exhaust gas.
【００２５】前記燃焼室３から排出された排ガスは約８
００℃〜９００℃を示しており、燃焼室３−減温室４間
のガス通路を経て減温室４内に供給され、前記水噴霧装
置１０より水が噴射されて、その温度を低下させる。前
記減温室４内で減温された排ガスに前記冷却用空気供給
装置１２から冷却用空気が供給され、第１検出位置Ｐで
の温度が約２００℃程度にされて集塵室５内に供給され
る。The exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber 3 is about 8
The temperature ranges from 00 ° C. to 900 ° C., is supplied into the temperature reducing chamber 4 through a gas passage between the combustion chamber 3 and the temperature reducing chamber 4, and water is injected from the water spray device 10 to lower the temperature. Cooling air is supplied from the cooling air supply device 12 to the exhaust gas whose temperature has been reduced in the temperature reducing chamber 4, the temperature at the first detection position P is set to about 200 ° C., and the exhaust gas is supplied to the dust collecting chamber 5. Is done.
【００２６】前記冷却用空気は、冷却用空気供給量制御
装置１３により、前記集塵室５の出口側のガス通路（第
２検出位置）を通過する排ガス温度に応じて、その供給
量が調整され、除塵室５ａ内に供給される排ガス量が略
一定にされる。また、前記冷却用空気が供給された排ガ
スの温度（第１検出位置での排ガス温度）を前記水噴霧
量制御装置１１が検出し、その排ガス温度に応じて水噴
霧装置１０による水噴霧量が調整されて、前記冷却用空
気の供給量に関わらず集塵室５内に供給される排ガス温
度が略一定とされる。The supply amount of the cooling air is adjusted by the cooling air supply amount control device 13 in accordance with the temperature of the exhaust gas passing through the gas passage (second detection position) on the outlet side of the dust collection chamber 5. Then, the amount of exhaust gas supplied into the dust removal chamber 5a is made substantially constant. Further, the temperature of the exhaust gas to which the cooling air is supplied (the exhaust gas temperature at the first detection position) is detected by the water spray amount control device 11, and the water spray amount by the water spray device 10 is changed according to the exhaust gas temperature. The temperature of the exhaust gas supplied into the dust collecting chamber 5 is adjusted to be substantially constant regardless of the supply amount of the cooling air.
【００２７】前記排ガスは、運転中の除塵室５ａ内に供
給されてダストが除去され、その間の放熱により約１６
０℃程度となって集塵室５外へ排出され、前記誘引通風
機７の作用によって煙突６から大気へ放出される。The exhaust gas is supplied into the dust-removing chamber 5a during operation to remove dust, and heat is released during the operation to remove the dust.
At about 0 ° C., the air is discharged to the outside of the dust collection chamber 5, and is discharged from the chimney 6 to the atmosphere by the action of the draft fan 7.
【００２８】本実施例によれば、燃焼室３内に供給され
る排ガス量に応じて、水噴霧量と冷却用空気との供給割
合を調整して集塵室５出口側の排ガス温度が略一定にな
るようにされているため、集塵室５出口側の排ガス温度
を一定に保つことができるため、集塵室５より下流側で
の低温腐食を防止することができるという効果を奏す
る。また、集塵室５に供給される排ガス温度が約２００
℃となるようにされているため、除塵室５ａ内の濾布を
破損させる恐れが無く、ダイオキシンの２次生成を防止
できるという効果を奏する。According to the present embodiment, the supply ratio of the water spray amount and the cooling air is adjusted in accordance with the exhaust gas amount supplied into the combustion chamber 3 so that the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet side of the dust collection chamber 5 is substantially reduced. Since the temperature is set to be constant, the temperature of the exhaust gas at the outlet side of the dust collection chamber 5 can be kept constant, so that there is an effect that low-temperature corrosion downstream of the dust collection chamber 5 can be prevented. The temperature of the exhaust gas supplied to the dust collection chamber 5 is about 200
° C, there is no danger of damaging the filter cloth in the dust removal chamber 5a, and the effect of preventing secondary generation of dioxin can be achieved.
【００２９】また、本実施例によれば、集塵室５内に供
給される排ガス量を略一定に保つことができるため、装
置全体の安定した運転が可能となるという効果を奏す
る。Further, according to the present embodiment, since the amount of exhaust gas supplied into the dust collecting chamber 5 can be kept substantially constant, there is an effect that a stable operation of the whole apparatus can be performed.
【００３０】本実施例においては、冷却用空気供給装置
１２が減温室４−集塵室５間のガス通路に設けられてい
るが、これに限らず、燃焼室３下流側でかつ第１検出位
置Ｐより上流側であれば任意の位置に設けることができ
る。また、前記第１検出位置Ｐも減温室４−集塵室５間
のガス通路に設けられているが、これに限らず、冷却用
空気供給装置の下流側で、かつ前記減温室の下流側で、
かつ集塵室の上流側であれば任意の位置に設けることが
できる。In the present embodiment, the cooling air supply device 12 is provided in the gas passage between the temperature reduction chamber 4 and the dust collection chamber 5, but is not limited to this. Any position can be provided on the upstream side of the position P. Further, the first detection position P is also provided in the gas passage between the temperature reduction chamber 4 and the dust collection chamber 5, but is not limited to this, and is located downstream of the cooling air supply device and downstream of the temperature reduction chamber. so,
And it can be provided at any position as long as it is on the upstream side of the dust collection chamber.
【００３１】また、本実施例においては、第２検出位置
Ｑの排ガス温度を検出し、その排ガス温度に応じて前記
冷却用空気量制御装置１３を調整するようにされている
が、これに限らず、前記第２検出位置Ｑにて排ガスの流
量や圧力を検出し、それら各流量や圧力に応じてそれぞ
れ水噴霧量制御装置１１および冷却用空気量制御装置１
３を調整することも可能である。すなわち、第２検出位
置にて前記排ガスの流量が設定値より少ない場合または
前記排ガスの圧力が設定値より低い場合は冷却用空気の
供給を増加させ、一方前記排ガスの流量が設定値より多
い場合または前記排ガスの圧力が設定値より高い場合は
冷却用空気の供給量を減少させる。In the present embodiment, the temperature of the exhaust gas at the second detection position Q is detected, and the cooling air amount control device 13 is adjusted according to the temperature of the exhaust gas. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The flow rate and pressure of the exhaust gas are detected at the second detection position Q, and the water spray amount control device 11 and the cooling air amount control device
It is also possible to adjust 3. That is, when the flow rate of the exhaust gas is lower than the set value at the second detection position or when the pressure of the exhaust gas is lower than the set value, the supply of the cooling air is increased, while when the flow rate of the exhaust gas is higher than the set value. Alternatively, when the pressure of the exhaust gas is higher than a set value, the supply amount of the cooling air is reduced.
【図１】図１は、本発明の一実施例に係る排ガス処理装
置の構成を説明する概略図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.
１ 排ガス処理装置 ２ 溶融炉 ３ 燃焼室 ４ 減温室 ５ 集塵室 ６ 煙突 ７ 誘引通風機 ８ 燃焼用空気供給装置 ９ 燃焼用空気供給量制御装置 １０ 水噴霧装置 １１ 水噴霧量制御装置 １２ 冷却用空気供給装置 １３ 冷却用空気供給量制御装置 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Exhaust gas treatment apparatus 2 Melting furnace 3 Combustion chamber 4 Temperature reduction chamber 5 Dust collection chamber 6 Chimney 7 Induction ventilator 8 Combustion air supply device 9 Combustion air supply amount control device 10 Water spray device 11 Water spray amount control device 12 Cooling Air supply unit 13 Cooling air supply amount control unit
フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 3K065 AB02 AC19 BA05 BA06 BA08 HA03 3K070 DA03 DA05 DA37 DA58 DA59 DA62 DA77 3K078 AA02 AA05 AA06 AA08 BA03 BA26 CA02 CA12 4D058 NA01 NA04 NA05 UA03 Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3K065 AB02 AC19 BA05 BA06 BA08 HA03 3K070 DA03 DA05 DA37 DA58 DA59 DA62 DA77 3K078 AA02 AA05 AA06 AA08 BA03 BA26 CA02 CA12 4D058 NA01 NA04 NA05 UA03
Claims (3)
水を噴霧して温度を低下させた後、その排ガス中に含ま
れるダストを集塵して大気中に放出する排ガス処理方法
において、 前記集塵後の排ガスの温度，流量または圧力のいずれか
を検出して、その検出値が所定値より低いもしくは少な
い場合に前記完全燃焼後でかつ集塵前の排ガス中に供給
する冷却用空気を増量して、前記所定値より高いもしく
は多い場合にはその冷却用空気を減量または０にすると
ともに、前記冷却用空気の供給および水噴霧終了後でか
つ集塵前の排ガスの温度を検出して、その検出値が所定
値より低い場合に水噴霧量を減少または０にして、前記
所定値より高い場合に水噴霧量を増加することを特徴と
する排ガス処理方法。An exhaust gas treatment method in which exhaust gas is completely burned, water is sprayed on the exhaust gas to lower the temperature, and then dust contained in the exhaust gas is collected and released into the atmosphere. The temperature, flow rate or pressure of the exhaust gas after dust collection is detected, and if the detected value is lower or lower than a predetermined value, the cooling air supplied to the exhaust gas after the complete combustion and before the dust collection is detected. When the cooling air is increased or increased to a value higher or higher than the predetermined value, the cooling air is reduced or set to 0, and the temperature of the exhaust gas after the supply of the cooling air and the end of the water spray and before the dust collection is detected. An exhaust gas treatment method, wherein the water spray amount is reduced or set to 0 when the detected value is lower than a predetermined value, and the water spray amount is increased when the detected value is higher than the predetermined value.
に含まれるダストを集塵した後、大気中に放出する排ガ
ス処理装置において、（ａ）前記排ガスを完全燃焼させ
る燃焼室と、（ｂ）この燃焼室の下流側に配され、水を
噴霧させて排ガスの温度を低下させる減温室と、（ｃ）
この減温室の下流側に配され、前記ダストを集塵する集
塵室と、（ｄ）この集塵室の下流側に配され、排ガスを
大気中に放出する煙突と、（ｅ）前記燃焼室の下流側
で、かつ集塵室の上流側に冷却用空気を供給する冷却用
空気供給手段と、（ｆ）この冷却用空気供給手段の下流
側で、かつ前記減温室の下流側で、かつ集塵室の上流側
を流通する排ガス温度を検出して、その検出値に基づい
て前記減温室に供給する水噴霧量を調整する水噴霧量制
御手段と、（ｇ）前記集塵室の下流側を流通する排ガス
の温度，流量または圧力のいずれかを検出して、その検
出値に基づいて前記冷却用空気の供給量を調整する冷却
用空気制御手段とを備えることを特徴とする排ガス処理
装置。2. An exhaust gas treatment apparatus for completely combusting exhaust gas, collecting dust contained in the exhaust gas, and releasing the exhaust gas into the atmosphere, comprising: (a) a combustion chamber for completely burning the exhaust gas; (C) a temperature reduction chamber disposed downstream of the combustion chamber and spraying water to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas;
A dust collection chamber disposed downstream of the temperature reduction chamber and collecting the dust, (d) a chimney disposed downstream of the dust collection chamber and discharging exhaust gas into the atmosphere, and (e) a combustion chamber. Cooling air supply means for supplying cooling air downstream of the chamber and upstream of the dust collection chamber; (f) downstream of the cooling air supply means and downstream of the temperature reducing chamber; And a water spray amount control means for detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing upstream of the dust collection chamber and adjusting the water spray amount to be supplied to the temperature reduction chamber based on the detected value. A cooling air control means for detecting any one of the temperature, flow rate and pressure of the exhaust gas flowing on the downstream side and adjusting the supply amount of the cooling air based on the detected value; Processing equipment.
の温度，流量または圧力のいずれかの検出値が所定値よ
り低いもしくは少ない場合に冷却用空気量を増加して、
前記所定値より高いもしくは多い場合に冷却用空気量を
減少または０にするものである請求項１に記載の排ガス
処理装置。3. The cooling air control means increases the amount of cooling air when a detected value of any one of temperature, flow rate and pressure of the exhaust gas is lower or lower than a predetermined value.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cooling air amount is reduced or set to 0 when the cooling air amount is higher or larger than the predetermined value.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000003640A JP4056189B2 (en) | 2000-01-12 | 2000-01-12 | Exhaust gas treatment method and exhaust gas treatment device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000003640A JP4056189B2 (en) | 2000-01-12 | 2000-01-12 | Exhaust gas treatment method and exhaust gas treatment device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001190920A true JP2001190920A (en) | 2001-07-17 |
| JP4056189B2 JP4056189B2 (en) | 2008-03-05 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100402926C (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2008-07-16 | 清华大学 | Method and equipment for purifying tail gas generated by burnning garbage |
| CN102788353A (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2012-11-21 | 黄时峰 | Movable refuse incinerator |
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2000
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100402926C (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2008-07-16 | 清华大学 | Method and equipment for purifying tail gas generated by burnning garbage |
| CN102788353A (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2012-11-21 | 黄时峰 | Movable refuse incinerator |
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