JP2001187347A - Rotary crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crusher that a distance between a hammer and the inside wall of a pulverizing chamber can be easily adjusted. SOLUTION: The distance between the hammer part 11 provided on a rotary shaft 5 and the inside wall surface of the crushing chamber 13 is adjusted by structuring to enable to change the relative position of the crushing chamber 13 in the rotary crusher 1 to the rotary shafts and shifting the rotary shaft 5 to the crushing chamber 13.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotary pulverizer for pulverizing various materials such as minerals, gravel and glass bottles.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional pulverizer, a hammer crusher is known. The hammer crusher attaches a hammer to a disk attached to one rotating shaft via a universal joint, and rotates them in a cylindrical grinding chamber to strike or collide with a collision plate provided in the grinding chamber. To crush the object to be crushed.

[0003]

The material to be crushed by the hammer crusher is not uniform in its material, size, and presence / absence of water content. For this reason, in order to keep the size of the crushed object after crushing, it is necessary to adjust the distance between the hammer and the inner wall of the crushing chamber for each hammer to correspond to the state of the crushed object. Also,
This distance adjustment may have to be made in order to maintain the grinding efficiency. That is, the degree of wear (wear) between the hammer for crushing the material and the inner wall surface of the crushing chamber differs depending on the properties (hardness, stickiness, etc.) of the material to be crushed. Had to be adjusted, which was very troublesome. An object of the present invention is to provide a crusher that can easily adjust the distance between the above-mentioned hammer and the inner wall of the crushing chamber.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventor of the present invention who has made intensive studies in order to achieve the above-mentioned object has solved the problem by improving the hammer crusher on the basis thereof. The invention described in each claim has been made from such a viewpoint. For the detailed configuration,
The section is explained again. It should be noted that definitions of terms used in the description of the invention of any claim are applied to the description of the invention of other claims to the extent possible in terms of their nature.

[0005] rotary grinding machine according to the invention as set forth above in claim 1 of the invention described in claim 1 (hereinafter, referred to as "grinding machine according to claim 1") has a grinding chamber with a cylindrical inner wall, It has a rotating shaft protruding into the grinding chamber and a hammer attached to the rotating shaft. A feature of the crusher according to claim 1 is that a relative position between the crushing chamber and the rotating shaft is configured to be changeable. The means for changing the relative position may be configured such that only the crushing chamber is movable, only the rotating shaft may be configured to be movable, or both may be configured to be movable. As long as the distance between the hammer section and the inner wall of the crushing chamber can be adjusted, the moving direction is not limited. The inner wall of the crushing chamber
It is preferable to provide a wear-resistant lining or the like. It is sufficient that at least one hammer portion is provided, but a plurality of hammer portions may be provided to improve the pulverization efficiency.

Operation and effect of the invention described in claim 1 Operation and effect of the crusher according to claim 1 will be described. The object to be ground introduced into the grinding chamber receives a centrifugal force, an inertial force, and the like due to the rotation of the grinding chamber, and is further lifted to an upper region while receiving a frictional force and the like from the wall surface of the grinding chamber. Some of the crushed objects lifted, their own weight overcomes the effects of centrifugal force, etc.,
As a result, it slides down while receiving frictional force from the inner wall of the crushing chamber. This frictional force contributes to the pulverization of the object to be pulverized. The other crushed material that did not slide down is lifted to a height at which the balance between its own weight and centrifugal force or the like is lost, and falls at its own weight when it breaks down. On the other hand, the rotation of the rotation shaft also rotates the hammer portion, and impacts and pulverizes the lifted object. This is the basic operation and effect of the pulverizer of the first aspect. Further, by changing the relative position between the grinding chamber and the rotating shaft, the distance between the hammer portion and the wall surface of the grinding chamber can be adjusted according to the degree of wear of the hammer portion and the wall surface of the grinding chamber.

The structure of the invention described in claim 2 The rotary pulverizer according to the invention described in claim 2 (hereinafter referred to as “pulverizer of claim 2”) is limited to the configuration of the pulverizer of claim 1. In addition, the supporting portion supporting the rotating shaft is configured to be able to move the rotating shaft in the direction of the axis of the rotating shaft and / or in the direction crossing the direction of the axial center. The “supporting portion” may be configured to support only one end of the rotating shaft, or may be configured to support both ends. The “axial direction” refers to the length direction of the rotating shaft, and the “intersecting direction of the axial direction” refers to any direction (up, down, left, right, diagonal, etc.) other than the axial direction.
The description “and / or” means that only the axial direction may be used, only the cross direction may be used, or both may be used.

According to crusher operation and effect according to claim 2 of the invention described in claim 2, effects of the support portion is applied to the effects of the grinding machine according to claim 1. That is, the change of the relative position between the crushing chamber and the rotary shaft is realized by the former position movement, and the position movement is made possible by the action of the support.

[0009] rotary grinding machine according to the invention described in the configuration claim 3 of the invention described in claim 3 (hereinafter, referred to as "grinding machine according to claim 3") is, according to claim 1 or 2
The configuration of the pulverizer is limited, and a mounting table that supports the pulverizing chamber from below is configured to be able to move the pulverizing chamber in the axial direction of the pulverizing chamber and / or in a direction crossing the axial direction. It is characterized by being. "Axial direction" refers to the length direction of the grinding chamber, and "intersecting direction of the axial direction"
It refers to any direction (up, down, left, right, diagonal, etc.) other than the axial direction. The description “and / or” means that only the axial direction may be used, only the cross direction may be used, or both may be used.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the operation and effect of the mounting table are added to the operation and effect of the first or second aspect of the invention. The change of the relative position between the grinding chamber and the rotating shaft is realized by the former and / or the latter position movement, and the movement of the position is enabled by the action of the support and / or the mounting table.

[0011] rotary grinding machine according to the invention as set forth above in claim 4 of the invention described in claim 4 (hereinafter, referred to as "grinding machine according to claim 4") are according to claim 1 to 3
Any limitation is added to the configuration of any of the pulverizers, and the hammer unit includes an arm unit having one end fixed to the rotation shaft, and a head unit attached to an open end of the arm unit.
The arm portion is configured to bend so as to be extendable in a circumferential direction of the inner wall surface. As the "bent portion", any structure that can be adopted by those skilled in the art falls within the scope of the object of the present invention. The number of bends is 1
Or two or more. The term "bending" is intended to include not only a case where a joint portion between members that are not deformed is bent, but also a case where the member itself is bent due to elastic deformation or the like.
Regarding the “bending direction”, it is sufficient to bend at least in the circumferential direction of the inner wall surface, and does not hinder the case of bending in other directions as necessary.

According to crusher operation and effect according to claim 4 of the invention described in claim 4, the action of the bending portion is added to the effects of any of the crusher of claims 1 to 3. That is,
The bending portion extends the arm portion by centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the rotating shaft, and bends by contact with the object to be crushed or the wall surface of the crushing chamber. Pulverization is performed by sandwiching the object to be crushed between the inner wall surface and the head portion by the extension and bending action of the arm portion.

[0013] rotary grinding machine according to the invention as set forth above in claim 5 of the invention described in claim 5 (hereinafter, referred to as "grinding machine according to claim 5") is, according to claim 1 to 4
Any limitation is added to the configuration of the crusher, and the crushing chamber is
The rotation shaft is configured to rotate in the same or opposite direction as the rotation direction of the rotation shaft. The driving for rotating the pulverizing chamber may be performed by any driver, but a driving unit having a configuration capable of changing the rotation speed is preferable.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the operation of the crusher according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is further affected by the rotation of the crushing chamber.
That is, by rotating the crushing chamber, the object to be crushed can be lifted to a predetermined position in the crushing chamber and further dropped therefrom. A stirring action of the material to be ground also occurs. By these actions, the material to be ground can be ground more efficiently.

[0015]

An embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter, referred to as "the present embodiment") will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a rotary crusher (hereinafter, referred to as “main crusher” as appropriate), and FIG.
It is a schematic side view which shows the state which took out the rotating shaft in from a grinding chamber. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the action of a bent portion. FIG. 5 is a schematic side view showing a first modification of the present embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a schematic side view showing a second modification of the present embodiment. FIG. 7 is a schematic side view showing a third modification of the present embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a schematic side view showing a fourth modification of the present embodiment. FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view showing Modification Example 5 of the present embodiment.

Basic Configuration of Rotary Crusher The basic configuration of the crusher 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The crusher 1 has an inlet 17 for charging the crushed object B.
And a cylindrical grinding chamber 13 configured to receive the material B to be ground from one end, and a discharge port 19 provided at the other end of the grinding chamber 13. The crushing chamber 13 is the installation base 3
9 is rotatably supported on supporting rollers 40, 40, and is rotated by a driving motor 23 via a driven pulley 25 provided on the outer periphery thereof. The rotation of the crushing chamber 13 is set in a direction opposite to the rotation of the rotating shaft 5 described later in order to increase the relative speed. The crusher 1 includes a rotating shaft 5 that penetrates the crushing chamber 13 in the longitudinal direction, base bearings (supporting portions) 31 and 31 and a tip bearing (supporting portion) 33 that support the rotating shaft 5, and a base end. It further includes a driven pulley 29 fixed between the bearings 31 and 31, and a drive motor 27 for driving the driven pulley 29 by a belt.
The rotary shaft 5 is configured to be rotatable in the crushing chamber 13. The rotating shaft 5 includes a plurality of hammers 11, 11 attached in the radial direction.
15 is rotated by its own rotation.

The mounting base 39 has wheels 41, 41... Provided at the lower end thereof. . Thus, the crushing chamber 13 is configured to be slidable in the axial direction with respect to the rotating shaft 5, so that the installation base 39 can be moved. By
The relative position between the crushing chamber 13 and the rotating shaft 5 can be changed. The crushing chamber 13 includes a side plate 13a and a measuring plate 13b, of which at least the side plate 13a is
3 can be removed. Side plate 13
The reason is that the side plate 13a of the crushing chamber 13 is opened by removing the side plate 13a, so that the rotating shaft 5 is moved by moving the installation base 39 as shown in FIG. , 11. . This is so that it can be taken out of the crushing chamber 5 together. The hammer unit 1 is configured to be able to be taken out in this manner.
1,11. . This is to make it possible to easily carry out maintenance and replacement of the crusher, and further, maintenance in the crushing chamber 13 and replacement of the liner and the like. The side plate 13a shown in FIG. 2 is separated from the pulverizing chamber 13 together with the inlet 17; however, the side plate 13a may be separated independently from the inlet 17 separately.

The structure of the hammer 11 will now be described with reference to FIGS. The hammer 11 is generally composed of an arm 9 having one end attached to the rotating shaft 5 and a head 7 fixed to the other end of the arm 9. The arm portion 9 is composed of two arm pieces 6 and 6 and a link piece 4 for linking each arm piece 6, and each joint (bending portion) is rotatably pin-connected to each other in a circumferential direction (rotational direction). It is configured to bendable. In the present embodiment, two bent portions 8, 8 are formed by two arm pieces and one link piece. However, in consideration of the diameter and the like of the crushing chamber 13, one piece or three pieces may be used. It is also possible to do the above. The structure of the entire arm portion 9 may be any structure other than the present embodiment, as long as it does not easily deform or break even when exposed to the collision of the crushed object B. A structure in which the entire part is elastically deformed may be adopted. When the entire arm portion is elastically deformed, the deformed portion forms a bent portion. Further, the joint between the arm piece 6 and the head 7 may be configured to be rotatable so that the head 7 is bent with respect to the arm 6. Although four hammer portions 11 are provided in the present embodiment, the number may be increased or decreased as appropriate.

Modified Example 1 of the Present Embodiment A modified example 1 of the present embodiment (hereinafter referred to as “Modified Example 1”) will be described with reference to FIG. In the description, only the portions of the first modification that differ from the above-described embodiment will be described, and descriptions of common portions will be omitted to avoid duplication (the same applies to the description of the following modifications). The first modification is different from the present embodiment in that the rotary shaft 5 is movable in the present embodiment, whereas the crushing chamber 13 is movable in the first modification. That is, the supporting rollers 40 and 40 that rotatably support the pulverizing chamber 13 are mounted on a lifting platform 51, and the lifting platform 51 is configured to be raised and lowered on the installation base 41 by the lifting device 53. I have. Elevating the elevating device 53 may be performed manually or electrically. The relative position of the crushing chamber 13 with respect to the rotating shaft 5 in the vertical direction can be changed by operating the lifting / lowering device 53 to move the lifting / lowering table 51 in the bidirectional arrow B direction.

Modified Example 2 of the Present Embodiment A modified example 2 of the present embodiment (hereinafter referred to as “Modified Example 2”) will be described with reference to FIG. Modification 2 differs from the present embodiment in that the moving direction of the rotary shaft 5 is different and that the tip support portion 37 (tip bearing 33) is omitted. That is, the rotating shaft 5 of the present embodiment can move only in the axial direction (the left-right direction in FIG. 1), whereas the rotating shaft 5 of Modification 2 can be moved in the vertical direction (the crossing direction of the shaft) ). In the modified example 2 shown in FIG. 6, the base support portion 35 of this embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is provided with a short support portion 61, a lifting support portion 63, and a support portion lifting device 65 instead of the base support portion 35. Have been.
Further, the difference between the proximal bearings 67 and 67 in Modification 2 and the proximal bearings 31 and 31 of the present embodiment is that
While only the base end is supported and the other end is open,
In the latter case, as shown in FIG.
It is a point that we support with. The short supporting portion 61 is a supporting member installed on the floor surface, and a supporting portion elevating device 65 is provided thereon, and the elevating supporting portion 63 is used by the supporting portion elevating device 65 to support base end bearings (support portions) 67, 67. Is configured to move up and down. The lifting and lowering of the supporting unit lifting device 65
Similar to the above-described lifting device 53, it may be manual or electric. Activating the support section elevating device 65 to move the elevating support section 63
Is moved up and down in the direction of the bidirectional arrow C, so that the rotating shaft 5
, The relative position of the crushing chamber 13 in the vertical direction can be changed. Further, the relative position can be changed in combination with the movement of the installation base 39 in the direction of the bidirectional arrow A.

Third Modification of the Present Embodiment A third modification of the present embodiment (hereinafter referred to as “third modification”) will be described with reference to FIG. The third modification is different from the present embodiment in that the moving direction of the rotating shaft 5 is different as in the second modification. Base support portion 35 in the present embodiment
To the short supporting portion 71, the elevating supporting portion 73, and the supporting portion elevating device 7.
5 is replaced with a short support portion 77, a lifting support portion 78, and a support portion lifting device 79.
This is a third modification. That is, the supporting portion elevating devices 75, 79 are provided on the short supporting portions 71, 77, and the elevating supporting portions 73, 78 are configured to be moved up and down by the supporting portion elevating devices 75, 79. Supporting part elevating device 75, 79
Needless to say, the lifting and lowering may be performed manually or electrically as in the case of the lifting device 53 described above. The vertical position of the crushing chamber 13 with respect to the rotary shaft 5 can be changed by operating the support lifting devices 75 and 79 to raise and lower the lifting supports 73 and 78 in the bidirectional arrow D direction. Further, the relative position can be changed in combination with the movement of the installation base 39 in the direction of the bidirectional arrow A. This point is not different from the second modification.

Fourth Modification of the Present Embodiment A fourth modification of the present embodiment (hereinafter, referred to as “Modification 4”) will be described with reference to FIG. Modification 4 is modification 3
The difference between the two is that instead of fixing the installation base 81, the wheels 85, 85. . A point that is configured to be movable by attaching
The point is that the rotating shaft 5a is configured to be longer than the rotating shaft 5 corresponding to the moving distance of the short supporting portion 83. With this configuration, the rotary shaft 5a can be moved up and down in the D direction and the short support portion 8 can be moved.
The position of the rotary shaft 5a relative to the crushing chamber 13 can be changed by combining the movement of the rotating shaft 5a in the direction E.

Fifth Modification of the Present Embodiment A fifth modification of the present embodiment (hereinafter, referred to as a “fifth modification”) will be described with reference to FIG. Modification 5 is denoted by reference numeral 9.
5 and 93 are provided, and two discharge ports 99, 99,... Formed in the outer periphery of the central portion of the crushing chamber 13 are provided. . . This embodiment is different from the present embodiment in that Since only one input port 17 (see FIG. 1) provided in the present embodiment can input the object to be ground from only one direction, the input object to be ground is stored in the grinding chamber 13. It is relatively difficult to equalize. On the other hand, by providing two inlets 93 and 95 in the crushing chamber 91 as in the fifth modification, the material to be crushed can be distributed and inserted into two places. In other words, when the same amount of material to be ground is charged, the whole of the material to be ground must be charged from one place at one place, and half of the material at two places can be charged from different directions. As a result, the material to be crushed is not biased to one location in the crushing chamber 91. If the unevenness of the objects to be crushed is eliminated, that is, if the objects to be crushed are evenly scattered, the load on each hammer portion 11 is reduced, and as a result, the crushing efficiency can be improved. FIG. 9 shows a pulverizer applied to the present embodiment, but may be applied to the above-described modified examples.

[0024]

According to the rotary crusher according to the invention described in each claim, the relative position of the crushing chamber with respect to the rotating shaft can be changed, so that the distance between the hammer portion provided on the rotating shaft and the crushing chamber wall. Can be easily adjusted.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a rotary pulverizer.

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing a state where the rotating shaft in FIG. 1 is taken out of a grinding chamber.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the operation of a bent portion.

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view showing a first modification of the present embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic side view showing Modification 2 of the present embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic side view showing Modification 3 of the present embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a schematic side view showing Modification 4 of the present embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a schematic side view showing Modification Example 5 of the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotary crusher 37 Top support part 3 Inner wall surface 39 Installation base 4 Link piece 40 Support roller 5 Rotating shaft 41 Wheel 6 Arm piece 51 Elevating stand 7 Head part 53 Elevating device 8 Bending part 61 Short support part 9 Arm part 63 Elevating Support part 11 Hammer part 65 Support part elevating device 13 Crushing chamber 67 Base bearing (support part) 17 Input port 71 Short support part 19 Drain port 73 Elevating support part 23 Drive motor 75 Support part elevating device 25 Follower pulley 77 Short support part Reference Signs List 27 drive motor 78 elevating support part 29 driven pulley 79 support part elevating device 31 base bearing (support part) 81 installation base 33 tip bearing (support part) 83 short support part 35 base end support part 85 wheel

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A rotary crusher comprising: a crushing chamber having a cylindrical inner wall surface; a rotating shaft protruding into the crushing chamber; and a hammer unit attached to the rotating shaft. A rotary pulverizer characterized in that a relative position with respect to a rotating shaft can be changed. 2. A support portion for supporting the rotating shaft, wherein the supporting portion is configured to be able to move the rotating shaft in an axial direction of the rotating shaft and / or in a direction crossing the axial direction. Item 4. A rotary crusher according to Item 1. 3. An installation base for supporting the pulverizing chamber from below, wherein the mounting base is configured to be able to move the pulverizing chamber in an axial direction of the pulverizing chamber and / or in a direction crossing the axial direction. The rotary pulverizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 4. The hammer section includes: an arm section having one end fixed to the rotation shaft; and a head section attached to an open end of the arm section. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is configured to bend so as to be extendable in a circumferential direction.
A rotary crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 5. The rotary crusher according to claim 1, wherein the crushing chamber is configured to rotate in the same or opposite direction as the rotation direction of the rotating shaft. .