JP2001179624A - Dressing, honing and grinding tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tool and its manufacturing method for dressing a cutting, honing and cut-off tool or a precision tool, manufactured in a short time and at a low cost. SOLUTION: Hard material abrasive grains 5 are nickel deposited onto the inner face of the periphery of a female mold 1 closed with a cover 3. The female mold 1 includes an outside contour 4 for the tool to be manufactured as well as a positioning bore 7 and an end positioning plate 7' for the tool. The female mold 1 is completely filled with a hardening material containing solid gains 8. The casting mold 1 is removed with cutting or etching. These processes allow effective low-cost manufacture of the tool coated with the hard material abrasive grains.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a dressing,
Honing and grinding tools.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Tools having a surface layer of hard material abrasive grains, such as CBN or diamond, are used in a large number of machining fields, such as grinding, honing, cutting grinding, or dressing tools, with CBN grinding wheels or worms. It is used by the name of CBN honing stone, cutting machine, shape or contour dressing roller, diamond dressing gear and the like. In particular, in an application method used as a contour cutting grindstone, a contour dressing roller, or a dressing gear, a demand for a topological accuracy of a cutting (polishing) surface is high. Since it is possible to process a cut surface formed by studs with hard abrasive grains continuously only in a limited range and at a very high cost, such a tool is often formed by a so-called reversing process, so that the tool is It is formed from the outside (beginning with the precise formation of the mold), ie, it is formed from the surrounding hard material abrasive layer and proceeds to the bore in which the tool is mounted.

[0003] DE-A 37 26 855 A1 describes the production of a tool and the production process of the tool based on the example of a contour dressing roller. This document does not describe the production of metal rings with hard material abrasive grains on the periphery. However, this is a widely known method. The ring is formed by electrolytically coating nickel on hard abrasive grains formed on the inner peripheral wall of the female die. Inserted into this annulus is a base member, preferably made of hardened steel, having a precisely machined bore and a positioning end surface, which serves to mount the tool to the tool spindle. After accurately centering the base member with respect to the center of the female mold using suitable equipment, the outer metal ring with hard abrasive grains is connected to the base member, and the intermediate space is made of, for example, bismuth tin alloy, or pure metal. Alternatively, one unit is formed by casting and filling a low-temperature melting metal such as a natural hardening type fluid plastic in which solid particles are dispersed. If extremely stringent precision is required, it is necessary to trim the bore and the end face of the base member after casting and before removing the female mold, thereby allowing the radial and axial direction of the tool cutting surface to the tool spindle. Maintain a certain precision of direction.

[0004] Extremely precise tools can be formed by several processes used today. However, due to the large number of manufacturing steps and the long erosion time for nickel embedding, long manufacturing times and large manufacturing costs are required, and the processes currently used are economically inefficient.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a device which can be manufactured in a short time and at low cost.
An object of the present invention is to provide a tool for the above-mentioned purpose of use and a method of manufacturing the same.

[0006]

The above object is achieved by a tool having the features described in the claims and a method of manufacturing the same.

For this reason, while maintaining the shape of tools used for precision machining such as cutting and honing and dressing of a cutting grindstone, a cutting worm and a honing grindstone with high precision, while maintaining radial and axial precision, Hard material abrasive grains added to the female inner wall are not completely embedded in the nickel layer generated by electrolysis,
After a short nickel deposition, it is bonded to a casting material that hardens naturally, and metal, glass, carbon fiber, or other suitable material is added to the casting material to form a positioning pedestal and positioning end surface. Since the gap between the inner peripheral wall and the inner contour of the female mold is filled with the casting material, the production time and the production cost can be significantly reduced according to the invention, so that the production volume and the metal base can be reduced to the same level as before. Tool manufacturing costs can be further reduced while maintaining accurate positioning and casting of components.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in connection with a contour dressing roller.

In the embodiment of the invention selected here, the female mold 1 for the tool 2 is a pot-shaped metal member formed by a direct or inversion process, which is closed by a lid member 3. The inner contour of the female mold 1 in its section corresponds to the circumference, the end face and the bore contour of the axial section of the tool. Bottom 1 of cavity of female mold 1
1. The covering surface 12 of the central cylindrical core 13 and the inner surface 14 of the lid 3 have an insulating layer. In the closed interior area, for example, one or more annular electrodes 15 are provided, which are connected via insulated conductors to a DC power supply 17.
The other electrode is connected to the female type via the switch 16.

Hard material abrasive grains 5 adhere to the inner peripheral surface 4 of the female mold 1. The inner region of the female mold 1 is filled with a fluid and naturally hardening material 6 interspersed with solid particles 8, said material acting to adhere and support the hard abrasive grains 5 and at the same time the tool The end faces and bores of the fixing pedestals 7, 7 'are formed.

The components of the casting material 6 and the nature and size of the solid particles 8 to be added are chosen such that the strength, heat resistance and hardening strain meet the requirements regarding the load or accuracy of the tool. Suitable casting materials 6 are, for example, two-component synthetic resins and ceramics.
The particles 8 to be added are preferably gold shavings, glass fragments, carborundum particles, ceramic particles or minerals, for example silicates or borates, having various particle sizes and particle shapes. By appropriately selecting the ratio, material, shape, size, and distribution of the solid particles 8 to the synthetic casting material, it is possible to optimally adjust characteristics such as shape stability, mechanical strength, and heat resistance. . By using particles of different sizes, the gaps between the large particles are filled by smaller particles, thereby achieving higher shape stability and strength. Suitable hard material abrasive grains 5 include, for example, diamond, CBN, or carborundum particles. The holes 9, 10 serve to guide the liquid casting material 6 into the interior of the female mold 1.

The first modified example is mainly suitable for low-cost hard abrasive grains such as carborundum.
An amount of the shaft 1 is sufficient to cover at least the entire inner surface 4 of the female mold 1.
It is fed into the cavity of the female mold 1 which rotates around 8. The layer thickness changes corresponding to the inner contour 4. The rotating female mold 1
It is substantially filled with the liquid casting material 6 via the holes 9, 10, and the cavity is for example pre-emptied. The casting material is capable of hardening. In this modification, the elements 15, 16, 17 are unnecessary.

In the case of expensive hard abrasive grains such as diamond or CBN, the abrasive grains 5 are supplied in the same amount as described above, and the mold 1 rotates around the axis 18. Subsequently, an electrolytic solution containing nickel is filled through the holes 9 and 10. Furthermore, the switch 16 is switched on and the surrounding abrasive 5 is deposited on the inner surface 4 by a thin nickel layer 19. Thereafter, the lid 3 is opened, and all the abrasive grains 5 excluding those to which nickel has adhered are discharged together with the electrolytic solution. The lid is closed again and the casting material 6 is poured into the holes 9, 10 in the manner described above. Rotation is not necessary for this operation.

Instead of nickel deposition, it is also possible to carry out this method by applying a uniform abrasive coating on the inner surface 4 of the female mold 1 in advance.

In order to attach the abrasive grains 5 to the inner surface 4 of nickel, a method of chemically depositing a metal on the inner surface 4 instead of the electrolytic solution may be considered.

In order to prevent the formation of unnecessary cavities in the tool member and to bring the solid particles 8 added to the casting material 6 into stable contact with each other, the filled female mold 1 is centrifuged and / or Vibration is applied and / or evacuated.

After the casting material 6 has hardened, the female mold is removed far away, for example by machining and etching, and a positioning bore 7 on the surface of the tool 2 and a positioning pedestal 7 '.
Is made free. All burrs generated on the head when the casting material 6 is injected into the cavity of the female mold 1 are removed by machining. If necessary, the positioning bore 7 and the positioning pedestal 7 'are precision machined to substantially specific dimensions.
Finally, the extra part of the outer ring of the female mold 1 is removed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an axial sectional view of a female mold having a contour dressing roller according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a part of FIG. 1 in detail.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing a structure including a hard material abrasive grain to which nickel is added, which is a modification example of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Female type 2 Tool 3 Lid 4, 14 Inner surface 5 Abrasive grain 6 Casting material 7, 7 'Positioning pedestal 8 Solid particles 9, 10 Hole 11 Bottom part 12 Enclosure surface 13 Central cylinder core 15 Ring electrode 16 Switch 17 DC power supply 18 axis 19 Nickel layer

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI theme coat ゛ (Reference) B24D 3/28 B24D 3/28

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A tool for dressing a tool for cutting, honing or cutting, or for cutting, honing or other precision machining, and a positioning bore (7) for mounting on a tool spindle or a tool mandrel. ) And a distal locating surface (7 '), the entire tool body including the locating bore (7) and the distal locating surface (7') being formed by a hardened casting material (6), at least one of which is provided. A tool in which hard material abrasive grains (5) are embedded on a peripheral portion (4). 2. The tool according to claim 1, wherein the casting material comprises a mixture of a synthetic resin or ceramic and solid particles. 3. The tool according to claim 2, wherein the solid particles differ in shape and size. 4. The tool according to claim 2, wherein the solid particles (8) are minerals. 5. The tool body is formed by a casting material (6) consisting of a component that varies from zone to zone.
The described tool. 6. The tool according to claim 1, wherein the hard material abrasive grains on the periphery are additionally bonded by an electrolytically or chemically formed metal layer. 7. The tool according to claim 4, wherein the mineral is a silicate or a borate. 8. A tool for cutting, honing, cutting and cutting,
Alternatively, a method for producing a tool for dressing a precision machining tool by means of a female mold (1) in which a peripheral inner contour (4) corresponds to a master plate having a peripheral outer contour of the tool is used for producing the tool. The female mold (1) is closed by a lid (3) and the cavity thus formed contains not only the peripheral outer contour of the tool (2) but also its locating bore and the end face, so as to form a tool body. A method of filling the entire cavity of the female mold (1) with the casting material (6) and then hardening. 9. The female mold (1) during the pouring of the casting material (6).
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the is rotated. 10. A casting material (6) for a mold (1).
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein centrifugation and / or vibration application and / or suction are performed after injecting. 11. The hard material abrasive grains (5) on the inner peripheral surface (4) of the female mold (1) are applied to the electrolytically or chemically formed metal layer (19) before pouring the casting material (6). 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the method is combined. 12. The method according to claim 8, wherein the components of the casting material (6) injected into the cavity formed by the female mold (1) and the lid (3) vary according to the injection time phase schedule. 13. The casting material mixed with the hard material abrasive grains (5) is injected into the cavity formed by the female mold (1) and the lid (3) to form the outer part of the tool. the method of. 14. The method according to claim 8, wherein the locating bore (7) and the end locating surface (7 ') of the tool are trimmed by a precision machining operation after the casting material has hardened.