JP2001168731A - Method and device for encoding/decoding information - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve transmission efficiency of information by utilizing the bit stream data of an information main body without abandoning them as much as possible even when an error is detected in a CRC inspection in a method and a device for encoding/decoding the information of sound and images, etc., turned to bit stream frame data to which CRC inspection data are added. SOLUTION: A parity check bit is added to the CRC inspection data themselves, and when a parity error is present in the CRC inspection data themselves, an EXOR operation is performed among the respective bit strings of a received CRC inspection data value and a CRC value calculated from the received bit stream data. In the case of being different only for one bit, a normal decoding processing is executed without abandoning reception data.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for encoding and decoding information, and more particularly, to converting information into bit stream data in frame units and converting the converted bit stream data. The present invention relates to an encoding / decoding method and apparatus for encoding / decoding by adding CRC cyclic code check data.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional technique will be described below with reference to the drawings.

When processing image information or audio information as digital data, the information is compressed and encoded to generate bit stream data in accordance with the MPEG standard or the AC-3 standard. The stream data is divided into frame units, generated as bit stream frame data, and the data is transmitted or decoded. At this time, in order to detect errors such as bit errors occurring during data transmission,
Error detection code data such as parity check bits and CRC cyclic code check data is
Encoding is performed so as to be added to the bit stream data of the information body.

Here, the above described CRC cyclic code check data will be described. CRC refers to “Cyclic R
It is an abbreviation of "edundancy check" and is a cyclic redundancy check using a cyclic code. As an example of the CRC, for example, JIS X5002 defines as follows.

[0005] A polynomial equation that sets a bit string to be transmitted as a coefficient (the higher one is transmitted first) is F (X),
A polynomial obtained by multiplying (X) by the 16th power of X is given by
In (X), division is performed by modulo 2 operation. The resulting bit string of the coefficients of the remainder polynomial R (X) is used as an error detection code and transmitted in the order of higher-order coefficients to lower-order coefficients. By such an operation, CRC cyclic code check data is
The information is transmitted by being added to the bit string of the information to be transmitted.

On the side receiving the bit string of the transmission data to which the CRC redundant code check data has been added, the same arithmetic processing as described above is performed on the bit string of the received transmission data to create a remainder polynomial. Each coefficient of the generated remainder polynomial is compared with each coefficient of the received CRC code check data, and an error in the received transmission data is detected by matching / mismatching.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram for explaining a configuration example of a conventional information coding apparatus.

In FIG. 4, an information encoding device 45 comprises:
An information conversion unit 41 that converts the information 400 of the information source 40 into bit stream data 410 on a frame basis;
CRC cyclic code check data generation section 42 for generating CRC cyclic code check data 420 from the bit stream data 410, and frame information data generation section for generating frame information data 430 such as synchronization information and the number of samples in frame units. 43, these bit stream data 410, CRC cyclic code check data 420,
It comprises a frame data generation unit 44 that generates bit stream frame data 440 from the frame information data 430.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of bit stream frame data for one frame encoded by such an information encoding apparatus. C added to
It consists of RC cyclic code check data 502 and frame information data 503.

As described above, on the side of the information decoding device that has received the bit stream frame data to which the CRC cyclic code check data has been added, the bit stream of the information body is converted from the received bit stream frame data. Data, the CRC cyclic code check data, and the frame information data are separated from each other,
A CRC check is performed on the bit stream data and CRC cyclic code check data, and when a CRC error is detected, a CRC error signal is output, and an error is detected in the bit stream data of the information body. If so, processing such as discarding the bit stream data and requesting a retransmission from the CRC error processing unit to the transmission side has been performed.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of such an information decoding device.

In FIG. 6, an information decoding device 65 comprises:
The encoded bit stream frame described above
A frame data processing unit 61 which receives data 600 from the transmission channel 60 and separates the data 600 into bit stream data 611, CRC cyclic code check data 612, and frame information data 613 of the information body; A CRC checker 62 that calculates CRC value data from the data 611 and compares it with the received CRC code check data 612 to perform a CRC check;
When a CRC error is not detected by the RC checking unit 62, a decoding processing unit 63 that decodes information from the frame information data 613 and the bit stream data 611 of the information body, and when a CRC error is detected, transmits And a CRC error processing unit 64 for performing a CRC error process such as requesting retransmission of the bit stream frame data 600.

[0013]

In the above-described processing on the receiving side, there is an error only in the error detection code data portion itself such as CRC cyclic code check data in the received bit stream frame data. Even when the bit stream data of the information body has no error, the received bit stream data is often discarded.

The present invention reduces the rate of discarding the received bit stream data due to the error in the CRC code check data section itself and reduces the rate of transmission of the bit stream frame data. It is an object to provide means for improving efficiency.

[0015]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an information encoding / decoding method according to the present invention encodes information on a frame basis and adds CRC cyclic code check data for each frame unit. In the information encoding / decoding method as described above, a parity check bit is added to the CRC cyclic code check data, thereby providing an information encoding / decoding method.

[0016] Further, the encoding / decoding of information is characterized in that the parity check bit is an even (parity) parity check bit or an odd (odd) parity check bit. Method.

Further, when the information is audio information or image information, the above-mentioned information encoding / decoding method is applied.

In decoding information encoded by the information encoding / decoding method, if a CRC error is detected by a CRC check, the parity check
A parity error of the CRC cyclic code check data is checked by using bits, and when a parity error is detected in the CRC cyclic code check data, the CRC residue value data calculated from the bit stream data of the information body and , The absolute value of the difference from the CRC cyclic code check data is obtained, and the absolute value of the difference is equal to 2 to the nth power (n is an integer from 0 to N-1; N is the number of digits of the CRC remainder value). At this time (when only one bit is different between the two data), it is determined that there is no error in the main body of the information, and
An information encoding / decoding method is characterized in that a main part of the information is decoded.

Further, when decoding information encoded by the information encoding / decoding method, if a CRC error is detected by a CRC check, the parity check / error check is performed.
A parity error of the CRC cyclic code check data is checked by using bits, and when a parity error is detected in the CRC cyclic code check data, the CRC residue value data calculated from the bit stream data of the information body is checked. By performing an exclusive OR operation between the bit string and each digit of the bit string of the CRC code,
When the sum of the operation results is equal to 1 (when only one bit is different between the two data), it is determined that there is no error in the main part of the information, and the main part of the information is decoded. A method for encoding / decoding information characterized by the above is provided.

Further, the processing procedure of the information encoding / decoding method is recorded on a recording medium, so that the information processing apparatus can use the processing procedure.

The information encoding apparatus of the present invention further comprises an information conversion unit for converting information into bit stream data in frame units, and a bit stream generated by the information conversion unit.
A CRC code generation unit for calculating a CRC value from the stream data to generate CRC code, and a parity check unit for generating a parity check bit for the CRC code.
A bit generation unit, a parity addition flag bit setting unit that specifies whether to add the parity check bit, the information conversion unit, a CRC cyclic code check data generation unit, a parity check bit generation unit, A code generator for synthesizing an output of the parity addition flag / bit setting unit, and further adding frame information to form a unit of bit stream frame data. And a chemical conversion device.

The information decoding apparatus according to the present invention may further comprise a frame information, a parity addition flag bit, a parity check bit, and a frame information based on the bit stream frame data generated by the information coding apparatus. A frame data processing unit that separates bits, CRC cyclic code check data, and bit stream data of the information main body and outputs the data to each subsequent processing unit; and a bit of the information main body output from the frame data processing unit. ·stream·
C to calculate CRC value from data and execute CRC check
When a CRC error is detected by an RC check unit and the CRC check unit, if the parity addition flag bit is active, a parity check of the CRC code check data is performed by the parity check bit. When a parity error is detected by the parity check unit and the parity check unit, an absolute value of a difference between the CRC cyclic code check data and the CRC value data calculated by the CRC check unit is obtained, and the absolute value of the difference is calculated. When the value is 2 to the nth power (n =
Integer from 0 to N-1; N is the number of digits of CRC value data)
It is determined whether or not the reception error signal is inactive when the difference is equal to 2 to the nth power (when only one bit is different between data), and is otherwise active. Section and C in the CRC inspection section.
A decoding processing unit for detecting an RC error and decoding the bit stream data of the information main body when the reception error signal is inactive. And

Further, the information decoding apparatus of the present invention comprises the following: from the bit stream frame data generated by the information coding apparatus, the frame information, a parity addition flag bit, a parity check A frame data processing unit that separates bits, CRC cyclic code check data, and bit stream data of the information main body and outputs the data to each subsequent processing unit; and a bit of the information main body output from the frame data processing unit. ·stream·
C to calculate CRC value from data and execute CRC check
When a CRC error is detected by an RC check unit and the CRC check unit, if the parity addition flag bit is active, a parity check of the CRC code check data is performed by the parity check bit. When a parity error is detected by the parity check unit and the parity check unit, a bit string of the CRC cyclic code check data and a CR calculated by the CRC check unit are calculated.
Exclusive OR operation (EXOR) is performed for each bit of each digit of the bit string of the C value data, and when the sum of the operation results is equal to 1 (when only one bit differs between data), it is inactive. A reception error determination unit that generates a reception error signal that is active otherwise, a CRC error is detected by the CRC check unit, and when the reception error signal is inactive,
An information decoding device comprising: a decoding processing unit that decodes stream data.

[0024]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining the configuration of the information coding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, the information encoding device 18 comprises:
An information conversion unit 11 for converting the information 100 of the information source 10 into bit stream data 110 on a frame basis;
A CRC cyclic code check data generator 12 for generating CRC cyclic code check data 120 from the bit stream data 110;
A parity check bit generation unit 13 that generates a parity check bit 130 from 20; a parity addition flag that sets a parity addition flag bit 140 that indicates whether to add the generated parity check bit to a frame A bit setting unit 14, frame information data 15 such as frame-based synchronization information and the number of samples;
0, a frame information data generating unit 15 for generating the bit stream data 110, the CRC cyclic code check data 120, and the parity check bit 13
0, the parity addition flag bit 140 and the frame information data 150, the bit stream frame
And a frame data generator 16 for generating data 160.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of bit stream frame data for one frame encoded by such an information encoding apparatus.
Stream data 301, CRC cyclic code check data 302 added for each frame, parity check bit 304, parity addition flag bit 305,
And frame information data 303.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the information decoding apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 2, the information decoding device 27
The encoded bit stream frame described above
The data 200 is received from the transmission channel 20, and is separated into bit stream data 211, CRC cyclic code check data 212, parity check bits 213, parity addition flag bits 214, and frame information data 215 of the information body. A CRC data checker 22 that calculates CRC value data 221 from the bit stream data 211 and compares it with the received CRC cyclic code check data 212 to perform a CRC check; In this CRC inspection unit 22, the CRC
When an error is detected, if the parity addition flag bit is active, the CRC cyclic code check data 212 and the parity check bit 21
3 and a parity check unit 23 for executing a parity check.
If the parity error signal 230 indicating the result of the parity check unit is active, the CRC value data 221 calculated by the CRC check unit and the received CRC
A reception error determination unit 24 that performs a comparison operation with the cyclic code check data 212 to generate a reception error signal 240 that is inactive when an error occurs in only one bit and is active when the error is other than one; Unless both the CRC error signal 220 and the reception error signal 240 are active, the information is decoded from the frame information data 215 and the bit stream data 211 of the information body. And a CRC error processing unit 26 that performs a CRC error process such as requesting the source to retransmit the bit stream frame data 200 when a reception error is detected. Make up.

Next, the processing flow of the operation of each unit of the information decoding device 27 shown in FIG. 2 will be described.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the processing flow in the CRC checking section 22. The CRC checking unit 22 calculates CRC remainder value data 221 from the bit stream data 211 and supplies the CRC remainder value data 221 to the reception error determination unit 24 (Steps 70 and 71). Is compared with the CRC cyclic code check data 212 (step 72).
The RC error signal 220 is inactively output (step 74), and if they do not match, the CRC error signal 220 is actively output (step 75).

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a processing flow in the parity check unit 23. The parity check unit 23 checks the CRC error signal 220 (steps 80 and 81). At this time, when the CRC error signal is active and a CRC error is detected (branch 81
In 1), the parity addition flag bit 214 is checked (steps 82 and 83). If the parity addition flag bit is active and the parity check bit is valid (branch 831), the parity addition flag bit 214 is checked.・
A parity check is performed based on the check bit 213 and the CRC code check data 212 (steps 84 and 85). When a parity error is detected in step 85 (branch 851), the parity error signal 230 is actively output (step 86). Also,
In step 81, when no CRC error is detected (branch 810), and in step 85, when no parity error is detected (branch 850), the parity error signal 230 is inactively output. (Step 87).

FIG. 9 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a decoding processing flow of first information in a reception error determination unit 24. In the reception error determination unit 24,
The parity error signal 230 is checked (steps 90 and 91). When the parity error signal 230 is active (branch 911), the CRC residual value data 221 and the received CRC cyclic code check data 212 The absolute value (A1) of the difference from
2) The absolute value (A1) of the difference is 2 to the nth power (n = 0)
(N is an integer from 1 to N-1); N is equal to (the number of digits of the CRC remainder value data) (steps 93 and 9).
4). When the absolute value of the difference (A1) is equal to 2 to the power of n (branch 941), the received CRC cyclic code check data 2
12 indicates that a bit error of 1 bit is included. At this time, the CRC error is caused by a 1-bit error of the CRC cyclic check data 212, and the bit stream data 211 , The reception error signal 240 is inactively output (step 95). Also, when the parity error signal 230 is inactive (branch 910) and when the absolute value of the difference (A1) is not equal to 2 n (branch 940), the reception error signal 240 is actively output (branch 940). Step 96).

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the flow of a process of decoding the second information in the reception error determining unit 24 as a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The reception error determination unit 24 checks the parity error signal 230 (steps 1001 and 1002), and when the parity error signal 230 is active (branch 10021), the bit string of the CRC residue value data 221 And an exclusive OR operation (EXOR) for each digit with the received bit string of the cyclic code check data 212 (step 1003), and the sum of the result of the exclusive OR operation for each digit (A2) (Step 1004), and the sum value (A2)
Is checked whether is equal to 1 (step 100).
5). When the sum value (A2) is equal to 1 (branch 1005
1), indicates that the received CRC cyclic code check data 212 includes a 1-bit error, and the CRC error is caused by a 1-bit error of the CRC cyclic code check data 212. It is assumed that there is no error in the bit stream data 211, and the reception error signal 240 is inactively output (step 1006). When the parity error signal 230 is inactive (branch 10020) and when the sum value (A2) is not equal to 1 (branch 1005).
0), the reception error signal 240 is actively output (step 1007).

FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a processing flow in the decoding processing unit 25. In the decryption processing unit 25, the CRC
Check the error signal 220 (step 1101,
1102) When the CRC error signal 220 is active (branch 11021), the receiving error signal 240 is checked (steps 1103 and 1104). When the receiving error signal 240 is active (branch 11041), the received bit Assuming that the stream data 211 itself has an error, the received bit stream
Cancel decryption processing of data 211 (step 1
106). When the CRC error signal 220 is inactive (branch 11020) and when the reception error signal is inactive (branch 11040), it is estimated that there is no error in the received bit stream data 211. The decoding process of the bit stream data 211 is executed together with the frame information data 215 (step 1105).

In the reception error processing unit 26,
In response to the reception error signal 240, when the reception error signal is active, a reception error process such as a request for retransmission to the transmission source is executed.

[0037]

As described above, the information encoding and coding of the present invention
According to the decoding method or the information coding apparatus or the decoding apparatus, even when an error is detected by CRC cyclic code check data of the received bit stream frame data, the error is detected by the received CRC. It is determined whether or not the error is due to an error in the cyclic code check data itself. If the error is due to an error in the received CRC code check data itself, the received bit stream data of the information body is discarded. Since the decoding process is performed without performing the decoding process, it is possible to obtain an effect of reducing the rate of discarding bit stream data and improving the transmission efficiency of bit stream frame data.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an information encoding device according to a first embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an information decoding device according to a second embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of bit stream frame data generated by the information encoding / decoding method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a conventional information encoding device.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of bit stream frame data generated by a conventional information encoding / decoding method.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a conventional information decoding device.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a processing flow in a CRC checking unit of the information decoding device according to the second embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a processing flow in a parity check unit of the information decoding device according to the second embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 9 explains a third embodiment of the present invention, and explains a decoding processing flow of the first information in the reception error determination unit of the information decoding apparatus of the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

FIG. 10 explains a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and explains a decoding process flow of the second information in the reception error determination unit of the information decoding device of the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a processing flow in a decoding processing unit of the information decoding device according to the second embodiment of this invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Information source 11 Information conversion part 12 CRC cyclic code check data generation part 13 Parity check bit generation part 14 Parity addition flag bit setting part 15 Frame information data generation part 16 Frame data generation part 18 Information encoding device 20 Transmission channel 21 Frame / data processing unit 22 CRC checking unit 23 Parity checking unit 24 Reception error determination unit 25 Decoding processing unit 26 Reception error processing unit 40 Information source 41 Information conversion unit 42 CRC cyclic code check data generation unit 43 Frame information data generation Unit 44 frame data generation unit 45 information encoding device 46, 60 transmission channel 61 frame data processing unit 62 CRC checking unit 63 decoding processing unit 64 CRC error processing unit 65 information decoding device 100 information data 110 bit stream・Data 120 CRC cyclic code check data 130 parity check bit 140 parity addition flag bit 150 frame information data 160, 200 bit stream frame data 211 bit stream data 212 CRC cyclic code check data 213 parity check Bit 214 parity addition flag bit 215 frame information data 220 CRC error signal 221 CRC remainder value data 230 parity error signal 240 reception error signal 250 decoded information 260 retransmission request information 300 bit stream frame data 301 bit stream Data (information main body) 302 CRC cyclic code check data 303 frame information data 304 parity check bit 305 parity Additional flag bit 400 information data 410 bit stream data 420 CRC cyclic code check data 430 frame information data 440 bit stream frame data 500 bit stream frame data 501 bit stream data (information body part) ) 502 CRC cyclic code check data 503 frame information data 600 bit stream frame data 611 bit stream data (information main body) 612 CRC cyclic code check data 613 frame information data 620 CRC error signal 630 Decoded information 640 Retransmission request information

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 5C059 KK34 MA00 RF02 RF07 RF18 TA76 TB04 TC22 TD05 TD11 UA02 UA05 5C078 BA57 CA41 CA42 DA01 DA02 5D045 DA00 5J065 AA01 AB01 AC02 AD01 AD04 AE00 AH01 AH04 AH07

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. An information encoding / decoding method in which information is encoded in frame units and CRC cyclic code check data is added for each frame unit.
Parity check bits are added to the RC cyclic code check data.
Decryption method. 2. The information encoding / decoding method according to claim 1, wherein said parity check bit is an even parity check bit. 3. The information encoding / decoding method according to claim 1, wherein said parity check bit is an odd parity check bit. 4. A method for decoding information encoded by the information encoding / decoding method according to claim 1, wherein when a CRC error is detected by a CRC check, the parity check is performed. Check CRC
The parity of the cyclic code check data is checked, and the CRC
A parity error is detected in the cyclic code check data, and CRC value data calculated from the main body of the information;
When the absolute value of the difference from the CRC cyclic code check data is obtained and the absolute value of the difference is equal to 2 n (an integer from n = 0 to N-1; N is the number of digits of the CRC value data) Wherein the main body of the information is decoded, and if not equal, a CRC error process such as requesting the source to retransmit is performed. 5. When decoding information encoded by the information encoding / decoding method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, when a CRC error is detected by a CRC check, the parity check is performed. Check CRC
The parity of the cyclic code check data is checked, and the CRC
A parity error is detected in the cyclic code check data, and an exclusive OR operation is performed between a bit string of the CRC value data calculated from the main part of the information and a bit of each digit of the bit string of the CRC code. When the sum of each operation result is 1 (only one bit is different), the main part of the information is subjected to decoding processing, and when the sum of each operation result is not equal to 1, the source And a CRC error process such as a retransmission request. 6. The information encoding / decoding method according to claim 1, wherein said information is audio information. 7. An information conversion unit for converting information into bit stream data in frame units, and a CRC value is calculated from the bit stream data generated by the information conversion unit to generate CRC cyclic code check data. A CRC cyclic code check data generator, a parity check bit generator for generating a parity check bit for the CRC cyclic code check data, and a parity for specifying whether to add the parity check bit. Combining the output of the additional flag / bit setting unit with the output of the information conversion unit, CRC cyclic code check data generation unit, CRC cyclic code check data generation unit, parity check bit generation unit, and parity addition flag bit setting unit; Further, frame information is added to the bit stream frame data for each frame unit. And a frame data generating unit for generating data. 8. From the bit stream frame data generated by the information coding apparatus according to claim 7, the frame information, parity addition flag bit, parity check bit, CRC cyclic code check data A frame data processing unit that separates the bit stream data of the information body and outputs it to each subsequent processing unit; and a CRC value from the bit stream data of the information body output from the frame data processing unit. A CRC checking unit for calculating a CRC and performing a CRC check;
A parity check unit for performing a parity check of the CRC cyclic code check data with the parity check bit when the CRC error is detected by the C check unit and the parity addition flag bit is active;
When a parity error is detected by the parity check unit, the absolute value of the difference between the CRC cyclic code check data and the CRC value data calculated by the CRC check unit is determined, and the absolute value of the difference is 2 n. It is determined whether or not the power is equal to a power (an integer from n = 0 to N-1; N is the number of digits of CRC value data), and when the difference is equal to 2 to the power of n (only one bit differs between data) A) a reception error determination unit that generates a reception error signal that is inactive at other times and active otherwise, and a CRC error is detected by the CRC check unit.
And a decoding processing unit for decoding the bit stream data of the information body when the reception error signal is inactive. 9. The frame information, parity addition flag bit, parity check bit, CRC cyclic code check data from the bit stream frame data generated by the information coding apparatus according to claim 7. A frame data processing unit that separates the bit stream data of the information body and outputs it to each subsequent processing unit; and a CRC value from the bit stream data of the information body output from the frame data processing unit. A CRC checking unit for calculating a CRC and performing a CRC check;
A parity check unit for performing a parity check of the CRC cyclic code check data with the parity check bit when the CRC error is detected by the C check unit and the parity addition flag bit is active;
When a parity error is detected by the parity check unit, an exclusive OR operation is performed for each bit of each digit of the bit sequence of the CRC code data and the bit sequence of the CRC value data calculated by the CRC check unit. A reception error determination unit that generates a reception error signal that is inactive when the sum of the operation results is equal to 1 (when only one bit differs between data), and that is otherwise active;
A decoding processing unit for detecting a CRC error in the CRC checking unit and decoding the bit stream data of the information body when the reception error signal is inactive. Information decryption device. 10. The encoding apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said parity check bit is an even parity check bit.
The decoding device according to claim 1. 11. The encoding device according to claim 7, wherein the parity check bit is an odd parity check bit, or the decoding device according to claim 8 or 9. 12. The information encoding apparatus or decoding apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said information is audio information. 13. The information encoding / decoding method according to claim 1, wherein said information is image information. 14. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said information is image information. 15. A recording medium recording a processing procedure of the information encoding / decoding method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 13.