JP2001161132A - Harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent that the direction and releasing positions of crops (19) are disarranged due to the rolling of the crops and that the crops (19) are damaged by the dropping shocks of the crops, when the root vegetable crops (19), such as onions, dug up from a field are arranged in one direction, aligned and then released on the surface of the ground. SOLUTION: A releasing and carrying device (52) is disposed in the carrying end portion of a carrying device (51) for nipping and rearward carrying the neck portions (19b) of crops (19), and the carriage-starting end side of the releasing and carrying device (52) is used as a support point, and the final end side is swung to properly adjust the distance from the ground surface.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a harvester for digging root crops such as onions and carrots from a field.

[0002]

Conventionally, while traveling, the dug onion is discharged into a field, and then the onion is collected one by one or several onions are bound into one collection. Post-processing is performed, but there is a problem that the directions of the released onions are not uniform and it takes time to collect and bind.

[0003]

According to the present invention, there is provided a harvester provided with a transport device comprising a pair of transport endless bands for clamping and transporting a crop backward, wherein the pair of transport endless bands of the transport device are provided with a feeder. The starting end is wrapped around a ring supported on two axes parallel to the vertical direction, and the feed end side is wrapped around a ring supported on two axes parallel to the horizontal, holding the crop in a planting position. It is to change the posture to the left or right side during holding and transporting, so that the crop can be aligned and discharged in one direction, the post-processing of the harvester can be performed easily, and a special posture conversion mechanism is used. Therefore, the crop can be changed in posture by the transfer device, and the structure that makes the transfer device multifunctional can be simplified, light-weighted and compact, and the cost can be easily reduced.

[0004] Further, there is provided a discharge transport device comprising a guide body for transporting a crop lying in a horizontal position to the ground from the feed end portion of the twisting transport route of the transport device to the ground, and a transport endless belt. Is provided at the end of the screw holding conveyance path so that the feed end can swing up and down around the fulcrum, and
By being pressed down by the spring and following the height of the ground, the crop will be placed on the ground without falling down, so the direction and release position of the crop will be uneven due to rolling at the time of falling etc. To ensure that the crops are aligned in one direction and aligned, and that they can be released in a row and prevent the crop from being damaged by the impact of a drop, thereby preventing the crop from deteriorating its commercial value. Can be done.

In addition, by providing a tension spring that acts on the transport endless belt at the working height and does not operate at the storage height, the durability of the transport endless belt of the discharge transport device can be improved. In addition, it is possible to easily perform the storing operation of the discharge and transport device.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a side view of the entire onion harvesting machine, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same, FIG. 3 is a front view of the same, FIG. 4 is a transmission system diagram, and FIGS. 1) and a working part (2) are formed to form a walking type structure. The self-propelled vehicle (1) includes an engine (3), a transmission case (4) having a transmission mechanism interlocked with an output section thereof, and a transmission case (5) ( 6) and each transmission case (5)
Left and right final cases connected to (6) (7) (8)
And drive wheels (9) and (10) supported by the final cases (7) and (8), and supported by the transmission case (4) and the left and right final cases (7) and (8) to extend forward. A frame (11), a gauge wheel (12) arranged on a front extension line of one of the driving wheels (9) and attached to the frame (11) so as to be able to move up and down, and a frame (11)
And a steering handle (13) extending rearward and upward.

[0007] The right and left final cases (7)
(8) and the driving wheels (9) and (10) which are respectively supported by them.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, one of (8) and (10) is provided so as to be deviated to the lateral side so as to be larger than the other final case (7) and the driving wheel (9). The two drive wheels (9) and (10) are formed so as to be able to move in the valleys on both sides of the ridge (14). Further, the transmission case (6) for supporting one of the final case (8) and the drive wheel (10) and the transmission mechanism incorporated therein have a telescopic structure, and the distance between the left and right wheels (9) (10) is changed. The position of the driving wheel (10) is adjusted according to the width of the ridge (14), so that the vehicle runs across the ridge (14).

Further, the working part (2) is constructed by assembling various components on the frame (11), and the working part (2) is a pull-out conveying member ( 1
6) and a transfer device (18) including an existing lower transfer device (17) provided below the pull-out transfer member (16).
A digging device (20) for digging a group of root vegetable crops (19) such as onions planted in rows on the ridges (14), and a pull-out transport member (16) in the middle of the transport of the lower transport device (17). And a cutting device (21) disposed below the lower part, and these constitute a working part (2) for harvesting root crops (19).

The pulling and conveying member (16) stretches and stretches the soft elastic endless belts (23) and (23), respectively, so that the conveying member is formed between the endless belts (23) and (23). The root crop (19) is configured so as to pinch a portion near the tip of the foliage (19a) of the root vegetable crop (19) and to transfer it upward afterward. At the end of transfer of the left pull-out conveying member (16), as shown in FIG. 2, a foliage releasing device (24) bent leftward and laterally in a plan view is provided. Ridge (14)
The foliage (19
a) is released to the valley on the left side of the ridge (14).

An endless belt (25) provided with elastic conveyance protrusions (25a) on the conveyance start end side of the pull-out conveyance member (16).
(25) A pair of left and right scraping members (26) and (2)
6) is installed, and the raking members (26) (26)
In the front part in the direction of travel of the vine, a vertical rotation type weed raising member (27) for separating the foliage (19a) of a plurality of rows of root crops (19) planted on the ridge (14) into right and left is mounted. In addition, the lower part of each weed raising member (27) is advanced by piercing the tip side into the underground part between the root crops (19), and cutting and dividing the root crops (19). A vertical root cutting rod (52) is provided for performing vertical cutting, and is introduced between the vertical rotation type weed raising members (27) below the transport start end of the pull-out transport member (16). A digging device (20) that travels while digging an appropriate portion below the underground portion of the root crop (19) is provided, and the digging device (20) includes a pair of right and left vibrating blades (28) having an L shape in a front view. ) (28)
It has.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8, the existing lower transport device (17) has a pair of left and right soft elastic transport endless belts (29).
The root crop (19) is configured to be gripped and transported by a linear gripping transport path extending in the front-rear direction formed by (29). The transfer terminal end is connected to the existing discharge conveyance device (3
0) The upper transporting unit (17) facing the upper part of the intermediate transfer
Discharge and transfer device (30) for discharging crops (19) suspended below
While being received on the upper surface, the holding transport path at the feed end side of the lower transport device (17) is bent to the left by the horizontal star-shaped foil (31) and the horizontal guide (32) at the transport terminal end of the lower transport device (17). The head (19b) of the crop (19) is tilted to the left, and the sphere of the crop (19) is inserted into the recess (30a) formed on one side of the discharge conveyor (30). The crop (19) is configured to be dropped on the upper surface of the ridge (14) with the crop (19) tilted leftward. The traverse star wheel (31) is supported on the rear pulley shaft (70) of the left endless band (29) and rotates at the same speed.

A neck (19b) is clamped by the lower transport device (17) at a position above the lower transport device (17) and below the pull-out transport member (16), and is moved by the pull-out transport member (16). A cutting device (2) driven by an electric motor (21a) for separating the foliage (19a) of the root crop (19) holding the foliage (19a).
1) is provided, and the cutting device (21) may have a structure for driving a rotary blade as shown in the figure, or may be a driven cutting blade such as a reciprocating blade.

[0013] Of the components of the working section (2) composed as described above, those driven by power, that is, the pull-out transport member (16) of the transport device (18), the lower transport device (17) and FIG. 4 shows a raking member (26) (26), a vertical rotation type weed raising member (27), a digging device (20), etc., which are provided in front of the transfer device (18). The work output shaft (34) extending forward from the transmission case (4) via the clutch (33) through the transmission tube (35) in the front-rear direction is driven by such a transmission structure. The drive case (4a) protrudes into the drive case (4a) and is interlockingly connected to a drive shaft (36) which is supported by the drive case (4a).

An upper transfer drive shaft (39) interlockingly connected to the drive shaft (36) via a worm (37) and a worm wheel (38) is projected upward, and is driven by the upper transfer drive shaft (39). Thus, the pair of left and right soft elastic transport endless belts (23) and (23) of the pull-out transport member (16) are each driven to rotate in a predetermined direction, and the scraping member (2) is driven.
6) (26) The soft elastic transport endless belt (23) (2)
The front lower shafts (40) and (40) are commonly driven to rotate by the front shafts (40) and (40) each having a loop body around which the lower shaft 3 is mounted. It is configured to be rotationally driven by a transmission shaft (41) (41) interlockingly connected to.

Further, cranks (42) and (42) are provided at the left and right ends of the drive shaft (36), and the front ends of the pitmen (43) and (43) having the rear ends connected to the cranks (42) and (42), respectively.
The vibrating blades (28) and (28) are connected to the vibrating blades (28) and (28) of the digging device (20) to reciprocate the vibrating blades (28) and (28) in the front-rear direction.
The fulcrum shaft (45) is attached to the frame (11), and the upper part and the lower part of the fulcrum shaft (45) swing back and forth in opposite directions.

Further, a discharge conveyor (30) is connected to the drive shaft (36) via a bevel gear (46) and the like, and a foliage discharge device (24) is connected to the left endless belt (23). .

Further, the rear end of the raising input shaft (47) extending substantially horizontally in the front-rear direction is connected to the right end of the drive shaft (36) via a bevel gear (48), and three lines for two lines are provided. The right end of the raising drive shaft (49) for driving the raising members (27) is connected via a bevel gear (50) to the front end of the input shaft (47).

Hereinafter, an onion harvesting machine equipped with the lower transport device (51) and the discharge transport device (52) of the present invention will be described.
Structures and functions other than the lower conveying device (51) and the discharging conveying device (52) are the same as those of the above-described onion harvesting machine, and thus description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 15 is a plan view of the lower transport device and the discharge transport device of the present invention, FIG. 16 is a side view thereof, FIG. 17 is a rear view thereof, FIG. 18 is a plan view of the discharge transport device portion, and FIG. It is a partial explanatory view.

In the lower conveying device (51) of the present invention, a pair of soft elastic endless belts (53) and (53) are connected in parallel with the vertical direction and interlockingly connected to the front shafts (40) and (40). The left and right front drive pulleys (55) (55) supported on the drive pulley shafts (54) (54) and the upper and lower driven pulley shafts (56) (56) The rear driven pulleys (57) and (57) are stretched in a state of being twisted by 90 °, and fall sideways with the pair of left and right soft elastic transport endless bands (23) and (23) of the existing lower transport device (17). It has both functions of a star wheel (31) and a sideways guide (32).
That is, in the lower transport device (51) of the present invention, the pair of torsional soft elastic transport endless bands (53) (53) extend in the front-rear direction,
At the feed start end side, the neck (19b) of the crop (19) is clamped from the left and right, and at the rear end of the feed, the neck (19b) of the crop (19) is shifted to the right 9
A pinch transfer path which is twisted by 0 ° is formed, and a portion of the foliage (19a) close to the tip is pinched by a pinch transfer path formed between the endless transfer belts (23) of the pull-out transfer member (16). The neck (19b) of the crop (19), which has been transported upward in the planting posture after that, is transferred to the lower transport device (51).
The endless belts (23) and (23) are sandwiched by a feeding start end of a holding transfer path formed between the endless belts (23), and the posture is changed to a left side posture while being transferred rearward.

In the lower transfer device (51) of the present invention,
The cutting device (21) is arranged between the pulling-out conveying member (16) and the feed start end of the lower conveying device (51), and the crop (19)
The cutting between the foliage (19a) and the neck (19b) held between the pull-out transporting member (16) and the lower transporting device (51) before the is not so inclined from the planting posture is stable. However, it is effective because it does not adversely affect the holding and transporting by the lower transport device (51).

Further, in the lower transport device (51) of the present invention, the pair of transport endless belts (53) and (53) are formed by the horizontal star-shaped foil (31) and the horizontal guide () of the existing lower transport device (17). 32), the foil (31) and the guide (32) become unnecessary and the structure is simplified.

The discharging and conveying device (52) of the present invention includes a pair of left and right guide rods (58) and (58) and one soft elastic conveying endless band (59), and the guide rods (58) and (58). Is
On the lower driven pulley shaft (56), the lower rear driven pulley (5
A guide mounting plate (6) rotatably supported on the left side of (7).
On the left and right of 0), loop-shaped portions (58a) (58a) formed at one end of the guide rods (58) and (58) are fitted and fixed, and the lower end of the lower conveying device (51) is fed at the feed end. The endless belt (53) is swingably extended upward and downward from the rear left side to the lower rear, while the soft elastic transport endless belt (59) is above the guide mounting plate (60) on the left side of the upper rear driven pulley (57). Interlocking pulley (61) and tension pulley (6)
2), and extends rearward and downward from the rear left side of the transport endless belt (53), which comes to the upper side at the feed end of the lower transport device (51), and has upper surfaces of the guide rods (58) and (58). The transfer operation surface of the transfer endless belt (59) is pressed against the guide rod (5).
8) A clamping transfer path is formed between (58) and the endless transfer belt (59) from the feed end of the clamping transfer path of the lower transfer device (51) to the upper surface of the ridge (14). The neck (19b) of the crop (19), which has been transported rearward in a horizontal position, is clamped by the clamping transfer path formed between the transport endless belts (53), (53) of (51).
b) is replaced with the guide rods (58) and (5) of the discharge conveyance device (52).
8) and the endless belt (59) formed between the conveying endless belt (14).
The crop (19) is configured to be released in a state where the crop (19) is placed in a sideways posture from the sending end on the upper surface of the ridge (14).

Further, in the discharging / conveying device (52) of the present invention, since the feed end is in contact with the ground (only the guide rod) or at a position as close as possible, the crop (19) is dropped on the ground and the wound is damaged. It is possible to stabilize the release position and posture (orientation) of the crop (19) without attaching.

Further, since the discharging and conveying device (52) is driven in conjunction with the lower conveying device (51), a transmission structure from the drive shaft (36) to the discharging and conveying device (52) becomes unnecessary, and the structure is reduced. It's easy.

Further, the discharging and conveying device (52) of the present invention.
Is stored in a storage (ascending) position extending from a work (down) position extending downward and rearward from a feed terminal side of the lower transport device (51) to a rearward position from a feed terminal side of the lower transport device (51). A tension pulley (62)
And a hollow polygonal cylindrical tension arm (63) supporting one end at one end so as to freely swing up and down on a fulcrum shaft (64) projecting from the frame (11), and projecting from the frame (11). Slot (65)
6) and an access arm (63) extending downward before attachment so as to be adjustable in length by the loosening and tightening member (72), and fitted in a bearing cylinder (68) fixed to one end of the access arm (63) so as to be able to enter and exit freely. Connect the tip of the entry / exit rod (69)
0), and a compression spring (7) is mounted on the outer periphery of the input / output rod (69) between the bushing (69) and the shaft (70).
1), a stopper (not shown) for regulating the amount of protrusion of the access rod (69) is provided at the end of the access rod (69), and the access arm (67) is withdrawn forward and downward, and the ejection device (52) is mounted. ) Is lowered, so that the discharge transport device (5) moves downward and rearward from the feed end side of the lower transport device (51).
2) is protruded, and the guide rods (58) and (58) are brought into contact with the upper surface of the ridge (14), and the end of the transport endless band (62) is not in contact with the upper surface of the ridge (14). By tightening the access arm (67) to the shaft (65), the spring (71) functions to support the discharge / transport device (52) at the working position so as to follow the upper surface of the ridge (14). By retracting the arm (67) rearward and upward, and raising the discharge transport device (52), the discharge transport device (5) is moved backward from the feed end side of the lower transport device (51).
2) Lift from the ground, left and right final case (7)
(8) the access arm (67) at a position stored between
Is tightened to the shaft (65), and thereby the discharging and conveying device (5
2) is configured to be supported at the storage position.

Further, as shown in FIG. 19, a slide arm (73) for pivotally supporting the tension pulley (62) on the distal end side.
And a rod (74) having one end connected to a shaft (70) penetrating through the tension arm (63) is inserted into the slide arm (73), and is fitted into the distal end of the tension arm (63). And the slide arm (7
3) A rod (74) is slidably penetrated through a plate (75) fixed inside, and a stopper (76) is provided on the rod (74) protruding from the plate (75), and a shaft (7) is provided.
Compression spring (7) is attached to rod (74) between plate (0) and plate (75).
7), and when the discharge conveyance device (52) is lifted by a predetermined amount or more from the work position, the conveyance endless belt (5) is wound.
9) Loosen tension pulley (62) and interlocking pulley (6)
The maximum protrusion of the slide arm (73) is regulated by contact of the plate (75) with the stopper (76) so that the inter-axis distance of 1) is reached, and the discharge / transport device (52) is lowered by a predetermined amount or more from the storage position. At this time, the transport endless belt (59) is stretched by the loop portion (58a) of the guide rod (58), the slide arm (73) is retracted into the tension arm (63), the tension spring (77) is operated, and the tension is applied. Spring (7
7) is operated only at the time of work, so that the discharging and transporting device (52) can be easily stored, and the durability of the transporting endless belt (59) is improved.

[0028]

As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention provides a harvester provided with a transport device (51) comprising a pair of transport endless bands (53) (53) for clamping and transporting a crop (19) backward. , The pair of transport endless belts (53) and (53) of the transport device (51) includes a pair of wheels (55) and (5) supported by two axes (54) and (54) whose feed start ends are parallel to the vertical direction.
5) and the feed end side is parallel to the horizontal direction.
Rings (57) (57) supported on shafts (56) (56)
To hold the crop (19) in the planting position, and change the posture to the left or right side down position during holding and transporting.
The crop (19) can be aligned and discharged in one direction, the post-processing of the harvester can be performed easily, and the crop (1) is transported by the transport device (51) without using a special posture changing mechanism.
9) can be changed in posture, so that the multifunctional structure of the transfer device (51) can be simplified, light-weighted and compact, and cost can be easily reduced.

Further, a guide body (58) and a transport endless belt (59) for gripping and transporting the crop (19) in a sideways posture from the feed end of the twisting and gripping transport path of the transport device (51) to the ground.
A discharge conveying device (52) comprising a feed start end side as a fulcrum and a feed end side swingable up and down on the end side of the screw holding and conveying path, and
The crop (19) is pressed down by the spring (71) and follows the height of the ground, so that the crop (19) is placed on the ground without falling, so that the crop (19) is rolled when falling. To prevent the orientation and release position of the crops from becoming uneven, and to ensure that the crop (19) is aligned in one direction, and
The crop (19) can be discharged in a line, and the crop (19) can be prevented from being damaged by a drop impact, and the commercial value of the crop (19) can be prevented from being reduced.

Further, by providing a tension spring (77) which acts on the transport endless belt (59) at the height at the time of working and does not operate at the height at the time of storage, the discharge transport device (5) is provided.
2) It is possible to improve the durability of the transport endless belt (59) and to easily perform the storing operation of the discharge transport device (52).

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall left side view.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a drive system diagram

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a working state.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a working state.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a working state.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of an existing lower transfer device.

FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of the whole.

FIG. 10 is a rear view of the same.

FIG. 11 is a left side view of the same.

FIG. 12 is a right side view of the same.

FIG. 13 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 14 is a bottom view of the same.

FIG. 15 is a plan view of a lower transport device and a discharge transport device of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 17 is a rear view of the same.

FIG. 18 is a plan view of the discharging and conveying device of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a partial explanatory view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (51) Lower transport device of the present invention (52) Discharge transport device of the present invention

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Mikio Matsui 428 Enami, Okayama City Seirei Kogyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yukihiro Fukuda 428 Enami, Okayama City Seirai Kogyo Co., Ltd

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A discharge transport device is provided at a feed end portion of a transport device for holding a crop neck portion and transporting the crop portion rearward, and the release transport device is configured so that a feed end side swings around a feed start end side. Harvester characterized by the fact that: 2. A transporting device for holding a crop neck and transporting the crop backwards is provided with a discharge transporting device at a feed end portion, and the release transporting device is driven in conjunction with the transporting device. Harvester. 3. The harvester according to claim 1, wherein the discharging and conveying device comprises a guide body for pinching and conveying the crop to the ground in a sideways posture from a feed end portion of the conveying device, and a conveying endless belt.